Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383684
S. Buyamin, J. Finch
This paper presents a comparative study for optimising a speed observer in induction motor sensorless control using a stochastic method. A new approach of optimising the performance of the Extended Kalman Filter using Simulated Annealing is compared with use of a Genetic Algorithm. Although the EKF is capable of estimating the motor states and speed simultaneously, in this case only the rotor speed is estimated and observed. The performance of speed estimation using both methods is compared with respect to various speed ranges, robustness relatively to motor parameter sensitivity and load torque condition. The optimisation techniques are illustrated through a MATLAB/Simulink implementation on a constant V/F controller under various operating conditions.
{"title":"Comparative Study on Optimising the EKF for Speed Estimation of an Induction Motor using Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm","authors":"S. Buyamin, J. Finch","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383684","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comparative study for optimising a speed observer in induction motor sensorless control using a stochastic method. A new approach of optimising the performance of the Extended Kalman Filter using Simulated Annealing is compared with use of a Genetic Algorithm. Although the EKF is capable of estimating the motor states and speed simultaneously, in this case only the rotor speed is estimated and observed. The performance of speed estimation using both methods is compared with respect to various speed ranges, robustness relatively to motor parameter sensitivity and load torque condition. The optimisation techniques are illustrated through a MATLAB/Simulink implementation on a constant V/F controller under various operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124092628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383616
A. Hasim, M. K. Hamzah
This paper describes a new technique for shunt connected harmonic compensation of a single-phase system feeding non-linear load. An active current wave-shaping boost rectifier technique is proposed to mitigate the distortion current by injecting equal but opposite current to shape the pulsating nature of the supply current to a sinusoidal form and in-time phase with the supply voltage. This is implemented as a shunt active power filter. Only one power switch is employed to minimize cost, reduce switching stress and losses. A peripheral interface controller (PIC) was used to synthesize the required injected current. The behaviour and operation of the proposed filter structure was examined with computer simulation and verified experimentally.
{"title":"Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filter Using Boost Rectifier Technique","authors":"A. Hasim, M. K. Hamzah","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383616","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new technique for shunt connected harmonic compensation of a single-phase system feeding non-linear load. An active current wave-shaping boost rectifier technique is proposed to mitigate the distortion current by injecting equal but opposite current to shape the pulsating nature of the supply current to a sinusoidal form and in-time phase with the supply voltage. This is implemented as a shunt active power filter. Only one power switch is employed to minimize cost, reduce switching stress and losses. A peripheral interface controller (PIC) was used to synthesize the required injected current. The behaviour and operation of the proposed filter structure was examined with computer simulation and verified experimentally.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114383960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383611
S. Vaez‐Zadeh, E. Jalali
The control of high performance AC motor drives has reached a high level of maturity based on two competing methods i.e. vector control and direct torque control known since early seventies and mid eighties respectively. In this paper a new control system is proposed for three phase high performance induction motor drives based on a common basis provided for vector controlled and direct torque controlled induction motors. The control system enjoys partially the advantages of vector control and direct torque control and avoids some of the implementation difficulties of either of the two control methods. In particular, the proposed control system includes a current vector control in connection with a switching table. An extensive comparative performance evaluation of a motor under the proposed control system confirms its effectiveness and partial superiority over either vector control or direct torque control, despite its relative structural simplicity.
{"title":"An Induction Motor Drive System Employing Salient Features of Vector and Direct Torque Controls","authors":"S. Vaez‐Zadeh, E. Jalali","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383611","url":null,"abstract":"The control of high performance AC motor drives has reached a high level of maturity based on two competing methods i.e. vector control and direct torque control known since early seventies and mid eighties respectively. In this paper a new control system is proposed for three phase high performance induction motor drives based on a common basis provided for vector controlled and direct torque controlled induction motors. The control system enjoys partially the advantages of vector control and direct torque control and avoids some of the implementation difficulties of either of the two control methods. In particular, the proposed control system includes a current vector control in connection with a switching table. An extensive comparative performance evaluation of a motor under the proposed control system confirms its effectiveness and partial superiority over either vector control or direct torque control, despite its relative structural simplicity.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116417249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383674
D. Powell, K. Atallah, G. Jewell
The paper describes a method of modeling heat flow in flooded rotor electrical machines for electro-hydrostatic actuators. In particular, a novel technique for lumped parameter representation of the transient thermal behavior of hydraulic fluid in the airgap is presented. The technique has been applied to a flooded rotor brushless permanent magnet motor for an aerospace application, and it is shown that there is good agreement between measurements and predictions.
{"title":"Thermal Modeling of Flooded Rotor Electrical Machines for Electro-Hydrostatic Actuators","authors":"D. Powell, K. Atallah, G. Jewell","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383674","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes a method of modeling heat flow in flooded rotor electrical machines for electro-hydrostatic actuators. In particular, a novel technique for lumped parameter representation of the transient thermal behavior of hydraulic fluid in the airgap is presented. The technique has been applied to a flooded rotor brushless permanent magnet motor for an aerospace application, and it is shown that there is good agreement between measurements and predictions.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121941455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383603
V. Vodovozov, J. Laugis
The paper introduces an effective project management system. The package eDrive has been developed to support the major stages in electric drives design process. This toolbox includes the database of motors, power converters, and gears, the object-oriented simulation software, the signal generation module, as well as the suitable user interface. The system provides dc and ac drives development, tuning, and investigation with current, speed, and position adjustment in open loop and closed-loop modes.
{"title":"Object-Oriented Electric Drive Development Technology","authors":"V. Vodovozov, J. Laugis","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383603","url":null,"abstract":"The paper introduces an effective project management system. The package eDrive has been developed to support the major stages in electric drives design process. This toolbox includes the database of motors, power converters, and gears, the object-oriented simulation software, the signal generation module, as well as the suitable user interface. The system provides dc and ac drives development, tuning, and investigation with current, speed, and position adjustment in open loop and closed-loop modes.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122111579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382685
P. March, M. Turner
This paper presents and compares a number of anti- windup compensator designs which address the problem of current saturation within high performance Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) speed control applications. The compensator variants include an integrator reset scheme, back calculation and tracking, and an optimally synthesised low order dynamic compensator. Performance is compared through simulations using a nonlinear model incorporating multi-rate discrete time control loops. The back calculation and tracking and low order designs are shown to exhibit clear performance advantages over the reset strategy.
{"title":"Anti-windup Compensator Designs for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Speed Regulation","authors":"P. March, M. Turner","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382685","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents and compares a number of anti- windup compensator designs which address the problem of current saturation within high performance Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) speed control applications. The compensator variants include an integrator reset scheme, back calculation and tracking, and an optimally synthesised low order dynamic compensator. Performance is compared through simulations using a nonlinear model incorporating multi-rate discrete time control loops. The back calculation and tracking and low order designs are shown to exhibit clear performance advantages over the reset strategy.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123895222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383564
T. Finken, K. Hameyer
Due to the increasing demand for power a continuous development of automotive alternators concerning power, efficiency and power density is required. In this paper an alternative arrangement to conventional Lundell automotive generators is examined. This geometry is characterized by its hybrid excitation combining the high energy density of permanent magnets and the controllability of commonly used electrical excitation - thus a simple and cost-effective control of output voltage for application in on board supply systems is possible. A simulation of the alternator using the finite-element method (FEM) is performed to optimize the rotor geometry and to develop a design, ready for prototyping. The finite-element calculation of the alternator behavior and the unknown stator current, including their reaction on the entire magnetic field, requires a transient solving process taking the geometry rotation into account and which is coupled to an electric circuit. The formulation for the transient solver is given and the coupling with external circuit exemplified. The accomplished studies, simulations and geometry optimizations are presented. In a final step the calculations are compared to prototype measurements and confronted with conventional alternator geometries. The developed geometry absorbed about five percent more power but was fifteen percent lighter than compared Lundell generator.
{"title":"Study and geometry optimization of hybrid excited synchronous alternators for automotive applications","authors":"T. Finken, K. Hameyer","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383564","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing demand for power a continuous development of automotive alternators concerning power, efficiency and power density is required. In this paper an alternative arrangement to conventional Lundell automotive generators is examined. This geometry is characterized by its hybrid excitation combining the high energy density of permanent magnets and the controllability of commonly used electrical excitation - thus a simple and cost-effective control of output voltage for application in on board supply systems is possible. A simulation of the alternator using the finite-element method (FEM) is performed to optimize the rotor geometry and to develop a design, ready for prototyping. The finite-element calculation of the alternator behavior and the unknown stator current, including their reaction on the entire magnetic field, requires a transient solving process taking the geometry rotation into account and which is coupled to an electric circuit. The formulation for the transient solver is given and the coupling with external circuit exemplified. The accomplished studies, simulations and geometry optimizations are presented. In a final step the calculations are compared to prototype measurements and confronted with conventional alternator geometries. The developed geometry absorbed about five percent more power but was fifteen percent lighter than compared Lundell generator.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"122 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129485452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382826
M. Baggu, H. Hess
In this paper, an existing lumped-parameter thermal model is analyzed and evaluated using experimental results. In order to verify the validity and effectiveness of the thermal model a 10 hp machine was dismantled, physically measured and reassembled inserting thermal probes in it at different locations to test their temperatures. The model is simulated using PSPICE schematics for finding temperatures at different locations. The simulated results match with the experimental results. The model is further modified to fit a new direct lamination cooling (DLC) topology, characterized by coolant flowing through tubes inserted into the back iron and by modified dimensions to make the active cooling more effective. The flow within the tubes inserted in the back iron of a DLC motor is modeled using lumped parameter approach. The parameters are formulated from purely dimensional data and thermal constants for convection and conduction. The heat that is pulled out by the circulating liquid in the holes is modeled by adding a lumped heat sink which is represented as a current sink at the stator iron node in the model. The model is simulated for 30% and 60% cooling using PSPICE Schematics for finding temperatures at different locations. An empirical 10 hp DLC model is simulated inferring the data from AeroVironment. A comparative study between the two models shows the effectiveness in cooling technique employed.
{"title":"Evaluation of an Existing Thermal Model of an Induction Motor and its Further Application to an Advanced Cooling Topology","authors":"M. Baggu, H. Hess","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382826","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an existing lumped-parameter thermal model is analyzed and evaluated using experimental results. In order to verify the validity and effectiveness of the thermal model a 10 hp machine was dismantled, physically measured and reassembled inserting thermal probes in it at different locations to test their temperatures. The model is simulated using PSPICE schematics for finding temperatures at different locations. The simulated results match with the experimental results. The model is further modified to fit a new direct lamination cooling (DLC) topology, characterized by coolant flowing through tubes inserted into the back iron and by modified dimensions to make the active cooling more effective. The flow within the tubes inserted in the back iron of a DLC motor is modeled using lumped parameter approach. The parameters are formulated from purely dimensional data and thermal constants for convection and conduction. The heat that is pulled out by the circulating liquid in the holes is modeled by adding a lumped heat sink which is represented as a current sink at the stator iron node in the model. The model is simulated for 30% and 60% cooling using PSPICE Schematics for finding temperatures at different locations. An empirical 10 hp DLC model is simulated inferring the data from AeroVironment. A comparative study between the two models shows the effectiveness in cooling technique employed.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128722518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382824
S. Moulahoum, O. Touhami, R. Ibtiouen, M. Fadel
Subject of this paper is induction machine modeling including magnetic saturation and iron core losses. For this purpose, the space vector theory is used. At first, three models are reviewed: the first one is the linear model that assumes the entire simplified hypothesis, the second model yields for magnetizing flux saturation and the third one takes into account iron losses. Then, in the proposed model, a more generalized approach to induction machine modeling, which account for both iron loss and saturation, is presented. The developed model is simulated for both saturated and unsaturated operating at no load and even in load. The proposed model is validated by comparing simulated and experimental.
{"title":"Induction Machine Modeling With Saturation and Series Iron Losses Resistance","authors":"S. Moulahoum, O. Touhami, R. Ibtiouen, M. Fadel","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382824","url":null,"abstract":"Subject of this paper is induction machine modeling including magnetic saturation and iron core losses. For this purpose, the space vector theory is used. At first, three models are reviewed: the first one is the linear model that assumes the entire simplified hypothesis, the second model yields for magnetizing flux saturation and the third one takes into account iron losses. Then, in the proposed model, a more generalized approach to induction machine modeling, which account for both iron loss and saturation, is presented. The developed model is simulated for both saturated and unsaturated operating at no load and even in load. The proposed model is validated by comparing simulated and experimental.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128736009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382701
Limei Wang, Yanping Gao
An improved scheme is proposed to solve the torque and the stator flux linkage ripples of direct torque control (DTC) for a permanent magnet synchronous motor in this paper. Based on the analysis of the basic DTC theory, the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motor is designed. In the scheme, the error between the reference stator flux linkage and the estimated stator flux linkage is calculated during each sampling period, and the two nonzero adjacent voltage vectors are selected and then the operation time is calculated accurately. Finally the linear combination method is used to synthesize a new voltage vector. Compared with several fixed voltage vectors in the basic DTC, the voltage vectors in this strategy can trace the torque and the stator flux linkages very well because of their random, so the torque ripple may be reduced. This algorithm can also ensure the constant switch frequency. The simulation results show that this method is very feasible. It can dramatically reduce the torque and the stator flux linkage ripples of the basic DTC, and at the same time, the dynamic responses of the torque and the angular velocity are very fast. The control effect, thereby, is obtained very well.
{"title":"A Novel Strategy of Direct Torque Control for PMSM Drive Reducing Ripple in Torque and Flux","authors":"Limei Wang, Yanping Gao","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382701","url":null,"abstract":"An improved scheme is proposed to solve the torque and the stator flux linkage ripples of direct torque control (DTC) for a permanent magnet synchronous motor in this paper. Based on the analysis of the basic DTC theory, the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motor is designed. In the scheme, the error between the reference stator flux linkage and the estimated stator flux linkage is calculated during each sampling period, and the two nonzero adjacent voltage vectors are selected and then the operation time is calculated accurately. Finally the linear combination method is used to synthesize a new voltage vector. Compared with several fixed voltage vectors in the basic DTC, the voltage vectors in this strategy can trace the torque and the stator flux linkages very well because of their random, so the torque ripple may be reduced. This algorithm can also ensure the constant switch frequency. The simulation results show that this method is very feasible. It can dramatically reduce the torque and the stator flux linkage ripples of the basic DTC, and at the same time, the dynamic responses of the torque and the angular velocity are very fast. The control effect, thereby, is obtained very well.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132416705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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