Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383637
B. Akin, H. Toliyat, U. Orguner, M. Rayner
In this paper, digital signal processor (DSP)-based phase-sensitive motor fault signature detection is presented. The implemented method has a powerful line current noise suppression capability while detecting the fault signatures. Because the line current of inverter driven motors involve low order harmonics, high frequency switching disturbances, and the noise generated by harsh industrial environment; the real-time fault analyses yield erroneous or fluctuating fault signatures. This situation becomes a significant problem when signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the fault signature is quite low. It is theoretically and experimentally shown that the proposed method can determine the normalized magnitude and phase information of the fault signatures even in the presence of noise, where the noise amplitude is several times higher than the signal itself.
{"title":"Phase Sensitive Detection of Motor Fault Signatures in the Presence of Noise","authors":"B. Akin, H. Toliyat, U. Orguner, M. Rayner","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383637","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, digital signal processor (DSP)-based phase-sensitive motor fault signature detection is presented. The implemented method has a powerful line current noise suppression capability while detecting the fault signatures. Because the line current of inverter driven motors involve low order harmonics, high frequency switching disturbances, and the noise generated by harsh industrial environment; the real-time fault analyses yield erroneous or fluctuating fault signatures. This situation becomes a significant problem when signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the fault signature is quite low. It is theoretically and experimentally shown that the proposed method can determine the normalized magnitude and phase information of the fault signatures even in the presence of noise, where the noise amplitude is several times higher than the signal itself.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133850894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383686
F. Cupertino, E. Mininno, D. Naso
This paper describes the implementation of a self- optimizing embedded control scheme for an induction motor drive. The online design problem is formulated as a search problem and solved with a stochastic optimization algorithm. The objective function takes in account the tracking error, and is directly measured on the hardware bench. The online optimization is performed with the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithms, which offer a very effective tradeoff between simplicity of implementation, speed of convergence and quality of the final solutions. Among the known SPSA algorithms considered in this paper, we also propose a novel variant inspired to the concept of elitism frequently used in evolutionary computation. To assess the relative performances of the various algorithms, the paper carries out a comprehensive analysis of a control scheme for an induction motor drive subject to time-varying load disturbances.
{"title":"A comparative analysis of SPSA algorithms for induction motor adaptive control","authors":"F. Cupertino, E. Mininno, D. Naso","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383686","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the implementation of a self- optimizing embedded control scheme for an induction motor drive. The online design problem is formulated as a search problem and solved with a stochastic optimization algorithm. The objective function takes in account the tracking error, and is directly measured on the hardware bench. The online optimization is performed with the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithms, which offer a very effective tradeoff between simplicity of implementation, speed of convergence and quality of the final solutions. Among the known SPSA algorithms considered in this paper, we also propose a novel variant inspired to the concept of elitism frequently used in evolutionary computation. To assess the relative performances of the various algorithms, the paper carries out a comprehensive analysis of a control scheme for an induction motor drive subject to time-varying load disturbances.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133903206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383608
H. Rehman, H. Nounou
The decoupled control of torque and flux has made field oriented control an attractive choice for high performance induction motor drives. However, changes in the speed tracking trajectory and external disturbances make it difficult to achieve an acceptable closed-loop tracking performance, especially when traditional linear controllers are used. This paper addresses this issue by applying direct and indirect adaptive fuzzy controllers for performance enhancement of variable speed control of induction machines. Theoretical background of these schemes is outlined, and then a simulation test bench has been established for performance evaluation under a variety of operating conditions. Such conditions include changes in the speed reference trajectory and presence of external disturbances, such as load changes. A comparison has been made among direct adaptive, indirect adaptive and direct fuzzy controllers to show the potential of applying adaptive fuzzy control techniques to induction machines.
{"title":"Performance Enhancement of Field Oriented AC Drives using Adaptive Controllers","authors":"H. Rehman, H. Nounou","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383608","url":null,"abstract":"The decoupled control of torque and flux has made field oriented control an attractive choice for high performance induction motor drives. However, changes in the speed tracking trajectory and external disturbances make it difficult to achieve an acceptable closed-loop tracking performance, especially when traditional linear controllers are used. This paper addresses this issue by applying direct and indirect adaptive fuzzy controllers for performance enhancement of variable speed control of induction machines. Theoretical background of these schemes is outlined, and then a simulation test bench has been established for performance evaluation under a variety of operating conditions. Such conditions include changes in the speed reference trajectory and presence of external disturbances, such as load changes. A comparison has been made among direct adaptive, indirect adaptive and direct fuzzy controllers to show the potential of applying adaptive fuzzy control techniques to induction machines.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"255 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132592814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382741
N. Bianchi, S. Bolognani, E. Fornasiero
Three-phase fractional-slot PM machines are more and more used in many applications. In spite of the several advantages, these machines exhibit high contents of space harmonics in the air-gap MMF distribution, whose amplitude depends on the particular combination of number of slots and poles of the machine. The main cause of such harmonic contents is the induced losses in the rotor. The aim of this paper is to link the rotor losses to the combination of slots and poles of the PM machine. The effort is to determine a general rule to single out easily if a machine topology is suitable or not, as far as the rotor losses are concerned.
{"title":"A General Approach to Determine the Rotor Losses in Three-Phase Fractional-Slot PM Machines","authors":"N. Bianchi, S. Bolognani, E. Fornasiero","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382741","url":null,"abstract":"Three-phase fractional-slot PM machines are more and more used in many applications. In spite of the several advantages, these machines exhibit high contents of space harmonics in the air-gap MMF distribution, whose amplitude depends on the particular combination of number of slots and poles of the machine. The main cause of such harmonic contents is the induced losses in the rotor. The aim of this paper is to link the rotor losses to the combination of slots and poles of the PM machine. The effort is to determine a general rule to single out easily if a machine topology is suitable or not, as far as the rotor losses are concerned.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121138745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382725
E. Afjei, O. Hashemipour, H. Toliyat
The switched reluctance motor is a simple and robust machine, which has found application over a wide power and speed ranges in different shapes and geometries. This paper introduces a new configuration for a switched reluctance motor with field assisted generator. The proposed novel motor/generator consists of two magnetically independent stator and rotor sets (layers), where each stator set includes twelve salient poles with windings wrapped around them, while the rotor comprises of eight salient poles. There are different ways of connecting the motor phase windings in order to run the unit in the motor mode. The first scheme is to connect the two sets independently in series or in parallel. In this method the poles in each layer can have both north and south poles configurations. The second method is to connect the windings in each layer such that all the poles in that set have either north or south pole configuration or the poles in the other set (layer) have the opposite configuration. In this format, the magnetic field passes through a guide to the rotor then the stator and finally completes its path via the motor/ generator housing. This type of connection is also utilized in the generator mode. To evaluate the motor performance, two types of analysis, namely, the numerical technique and the experimental study have been utilized. In the numerical analysis, the finite element analysis is employed, where as in the experimental study, a proto-type motor has been built and tested. The calculated results compare favorably with the experimental test results.
{"title":"A New Hybrid reluctance Motor/Field-Assisted Generator","authors":"E. Afjei, O. Hashemipour, H. Toliyat","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382725","url":null,"abstract":"The switched reluctance motor is a simple and robust machine, which has found application over a wide power and speed ranges in different shapes and geometries. This paper introduces a new configuration for a switched reluctance motor with field assisted generator. The proposed novel motor/generator consists of two magnetically independent stator and rotor sets (layers), where each stator set includes twelve salient poles with windings wrapped around them, while the rotor comprises of eight salient poles. There are different ways of connecting the motor phase windings in order to run the unit in the motor mode. The first scheme is to connect the two sets independently in series or in parallel. In this method the poles in each layer can have both north and south poles configurations. The second method is to connect the windings in each layer such that all the poles in that set have either north or south pole configuration or the poles in the other set (layer) have the opposite configuration. In this format, the magnetic field passes through a guide to the rotor then the stator and finally completes its path via the motor/ generator housing. This type of connection is also utilized in the generator mode. To evaluate the motor performance, two types of analysis, namely, the numerical technique and the experimental study have been utilized. In the numerical analysis, the finite element analysis is employed, where as in the experimental study, a proto-type motor has been built and tested. The calculated results compare favorably with the experimental test results.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121457158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382684
M. E. Haque, M.F. Rahman
This paper presents an analysis of control trajectories for indirect and direct control of interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor drives. Since the inputs to the inner torque control loop of direct torque control (DTC) are the references for the torque and the amplitude of the stator flux linkage (lambdas), rather than id-iq plane in the indirect control, are transformed into the T-lambdas, plane. The experimental results show the excellent performance of the indirect and direct torque controller, incorporating control trajectories.
{"title":"Control Trajectories for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives","authors":"M. E. Haque, M.F. Rahman","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382684","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analysis of control trajectories for indirect and direct control of interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor drives. Since the inputs to the inner torque control loop of direct torque control (DTC) are the references for the torque and the amplitude of the stator flux linkage (lambdas), rather than id-iq plane in the indirect control, are transformed into the T-lambdas, plane. The experimental results show the excellent performance of the indirect and direct torque controller, incorporating control trajectories.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121132144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382731
H. A. Al-Tuaimi, A. von Jouanne
With the advent of current signature analysis algorithms, many industries will be driven toward on-line, noninvasive diagnostic solutions. This paper proposes a method that can provide the information to diagnose rotor problems accurately and quantitatively using motor dynamic eccentricity sidebands as a universal rotor fault detection and classification index. Moreover, related research into the effects of rotor fault isolation from load torque will enable a determination of the relative severity of a broken rotor bar or any type of air-gap asymmetry. The objective of this paper is to also implement a proof-of-concept laboratory test of the suggested method. Three induction machines were tested on a dynamometer at twenty-eight loading points and different source and load conditions, verifying detection accuracy of the implemented technique.
{"title":"Universal Detection and Classification Index of Incipient Rotor Bars Fault in Squirrel-Cage Motors","authors":"H. A. Al-Tuaimi, A. von Jouanne","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382731","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of current signature analysis algorithms, many industries will be driven toward on-line, noninvasive diagnostic solutions. This paper proposes a method that can provide the information to diagnose rotor problems accurately and quantitatively using motor dynamic eccentricity sidebands as a universal rotor fault detection and classification index. Moreover, related research into the effects of rotor fault isolation from load torque will enable a determination of the relative severity of a broken rotor bar or any type of air-gap asymmetry. The objective of this paper is to also implement a proof-of-concept laboratory test of the suggested method. Three induction machines were tested on a dynamometer at twenty-eight loading points and different source and load conditions, verifying detection accuracy of the implemented technique.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115124683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383687
R. Bellanova, A. Bellini, E. Lorenzani, G. Franceschini, C. Tassoni, A. Toscani
Textile applications require peculiar specifications in terms of accuracy and speed from drives. In this paper a high dynamic control for a linear drive was realized. A vector control for a magnetic disc stepper motor was realized that allows huge linear acceleration and accurate speed control.
{"title":"High dynamic control of a stepper motor for textile applications","authors":"R. Bellanova, A. Bellini, E. Lorenzani, G. Franceschini, C. Tassoni, A. Toscani","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383687","url":null,"abstract":"Textile applications require peculiar specifications in terms of accuracy and speed from drives. In this paper a high dynamic control for a linear drive was realized. A vector control for a magnetic disc stepper motor was realized that allows huge linear acceleration and accurate speed control.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114695257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382752
J. Rens, K. Atallah, S. Calverley, D. Howe
Magnetic gears offer several advantages compared to mechanical gears, in terms of reduced maintenance, improved reliability and inherent overload protection, whilst having a high efficiency. The paper describes the principle of operation of a novel form of magnetic gear, which is particularly suited to applications for which a high gear ratio is required. The performance capability of such a magnetic gear is investigated, and it is shown that it transmits a ripple-free torque, and that a torque density of up to 110 kNm/m can be achieved when high- energy permanent magnets are employed.
{"title":"A novel magnetic harmonic gear","authors":"J. Rens, K. Atallah, S. Calverley, D. Howe","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.382752","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic gears offer several advantages compared to mechanical gears, in terms of reduced maintenance, improved reliability and inherent overload protection, whilst having a high efficiency. The paper describes the principle of operation of a novel form of magnetic gear, which is particularly suited to applications for which a high gear ratio is required. The performance capability of such a magnetic gear is investigated, and it is shown that it transmits a ripple-free torque, and that a torque density of up to 110 kNm/m can be achieved when high- energy permanent magnets are employed.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123912044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-03DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383668
V. Debusschere, H. Ben Ahmed, B. Multon
This paper presents the first results of the eco-design problematic in case of one of the simplest electromagnetic energy converter: the single-phase electric transformer connected to a constant frequency and voltage power supply. The optimization of its sizes is led with the following objectives: the active mass and the global life cycle energy cost. We first compare optimization's results to those with "classic" mass versus power losses (copper and iron losses) optimization for several times of use ratio. This leads to recognition of the significant impact of the life cycle energy on the arrangement of the optimal Pareto fronts, explained by conflicting energy contribution in the life cycle global energy cost objective. Then we logically observe that the life cycle assessment impact is more significant when the real use duration is smaller than the lifetime. After that, the sensitivity of the optimization's results to the elementary raw materials energy costs is considered with the same times of use ratio. At last, some optimizations are run with a different raw material: aluminium instead of copper for the windings.
{"title":"Eco-design of Electromagnetic Energy Converters: The case of the electrical transformer","authors":"V. Debusschere, H. Ben Ahmed, B. Multon","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2007.383668","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the first results of the eco-design problematic in case of one of the simplest electromagnetic energy converter: the single-phase electric transformer connected to a constant frequency and voltage power supply. The optimization of its sizes is led with the following objectives: the active mass and the global life cycle energy cost. We first compare optimization's results to those with \"classic\" mass versus power losses (copper and iron losses) optimization for several times of use ratio. This leads to recognition of the significant impact of the life cycle energy on the arrangement of the optimal Pareto fronts, explained by conflicting energy contribution in the life cycle global energy cost objective. Then we logically observe that the life cycle assessment impact is more significant when the real use duration is smaller than the lifetime. After that, the sensitivity of the optimization's results to the elementary raw materials energy costs is considered with the same times of use ratio. At last, some optimizations are run with a different raw material: aluminium instead of copper for the windings.","PeriodicalId":446844,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121120984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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