Pub Date : 2021-12-25DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2021.2013184
A. Rodrigues, Ignacio García-Pereda
This article examines how the 1940s Lisbon Flower Exhibitions and their impact on the press served the propaganda of the Portuguese dictatorship as they fostered and disseminated a positive image of the government’s policies and competencies. The propaganda used the garden culture to fabricate an idea of national identity, bestowing Portugal as a modern and culturally elevated regime. Based on archive files and press clippings, this research demonstrates that constructing the concept of ‘national flowers’ was used to fuel the pride of nationalistic feelings according to the regime’s policy. However, the investigation also revealed an inconsistency between narrative and practice in designing and applying this concept, as exotic or ‘foreign’ plants continued to appear side by side with the native ones.
{"title":"Flower Exhibitions for a Nationalistic Regime","authors":"A. Rodrigues, Ignacio García-Pereda","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2021.2013184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2021.2013184","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines how the 1940s Lisbon Flower Exhibitions and their impact on the press served the propaganda of the Portuguese dictatorship as they fostered and disseminated a positive image of the government’s policies and competencies. The propaganda used the garden culture to fabricate an idea of national identity, bestowing Portugal as a modern and culturally elevated regime. Based on archive files and press clippings, this research demonstrates that constructing the concept of ‘national flowers’ was used to fuel the pride of nationalistic feelings according to the regime’s policy. However, the investigation also revealed an inconsistency between narrative and practice in designing and applying this concept, as exotic or ‘foreign’ plants continued to appear side by side with the native ones.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41906869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-19DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2021.2013182
H. Hakkarainen
In early nineteenth-century German-speaking Europe, the press was a key cultural forum, in which emotions were discussed in public through newly emerging journalistic practices and discourses. The era of educational reforms created debates about the right kinds of means of cultivating the human. One of the key concepts of these debates was the concept of ‘education of the heart’ (Bildung des Herzens). The searchable collections of German-language newspapers and periodicals, such as the ANNO and digiPress repositories provided by the Austrian National Library and Bavarian State Library, open up new vistas of exploring the material across regional borders and established categories and genres, which provides new insight into the ways in which the press shaped ideas of and discourses surrounding the education of emotions in German-speaking Europe.
在19世纪初讲德语的欧洲，新闻界是一个关键的文化论坛，在这里，人们通过新出现的新闻实践和话语公开讨论情感。教育改革的时代引发了关于培养人的正确方式的争论。这些争论的关键概念之一是“心灵教育”的概念（Bildung des Herzens）。可搜索的德语报刊收藏，如奥地利国家图书馆和巴伐利亚州立图书馆提供的ANNO和digiPress资料库，开辟了跨越地区边界和既定类别和流派探索材料的新前景，这为新闻界塑造德语欧洲情感教育思想和话语的方式提供了新的见解。
{"title":"The Cultivation of Emotions in the Press","authors":"H. Hakkarainen","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2021.2013182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2021.2013182","url":null,"abstract":"In early nineteenth-century German-speaking Europe, the press was a key cultural forum, in which emotions were discussed in public through newly emerging journalistic practices and discourses. The era of educational reforms created debates about the right kinds of means of cultivating the human. One of the key concepts of these debates was the concept of ‘education of the heart’ (Bildung des Herzens). The searchable collections of German-language newspapers and periodicals, such as the ANNO and digiPress repositories provided by the Austrian National Library and Bavarian State Library, open up new vistas of exploring the material across regional borders and established categories and genres, which provides new insight into the ways in which the press shaped ideas of and discourses surrounding the education of emotions in German-speaking Europe.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46355318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2021.2013180
Sebastian Thalheim
This article will argue that the popularization of the amateur genre ‘family film’ in guides, manuals and a leisure film festival became a paternalistic strategy to regulate individual moviemakers in state socialism. It reveals the benefits of historical research on guiding literature and guidelines at an amateur festival in East Germany. Analyzing promoted norms diachronically points to a changing understanding of leisure in socialism. Additionally, it reveals a complex media history that is not reduced to top-down orders. On the contrary, guides display constant negotiations between state regulation and individualism. Thus, this paper questions a perspective on private media production in the GDR that is often politicized by categories such as propaganda or subversion.
{"title":"Regulating Leisure in State Socialism","authors":"Sebastian Thalheim","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2021.2013180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2021.2013180","url":null,"abstract":"This article will argue that the popularization of the amateur genre ‘family film’ in guides, manuals and a leisure film festival became a paternalistic strategy to regulate individual moviemakers in state socialism. It reveals the benefits of historical research on guiding literature and guidelines at an amateur festival in East Germany. Analyzing promoted norms diachronically points to a changing understanding of leisure in socialism. Additionally, it reveals a complex media history that is not reduced to top-down orders. On the contrary, guides display constant negotiations between state regulation and individualism. Thus, this paper questions a perspective on private media production in the GDR that is often politicized by categories such as propaganda or subversion.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43943737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2021.2010526
Betto van Waarden, M. Kohlrausch
It is no exaggeration to state that interactions between politics and media turned more complex in recent years. Unidirectional assumptions about the relationship of democracy and mediatization have been challenged. The modes of mediated politics established throughout the twentieth century are obviously under pressure. The nowadays ubiquitous but equally vague term ‘populism’ captures some of the underlying dynamics. At the core of the term’s genealogy is a bewilderment with the rise of a type of political strongman, who belongs to an older age of authoritarian politics yet simultaneously thrives in the modern world of social media and media-generated ‘realities’. The dynamics fuelling the careers of politicians such as Jair Bolsonaro, Victor Orbán and Donald Trump, specific as they are, constitute a new mode of personalized politics and may be seen as extreme— but in this sense telling—examples of broader changes in how politics is mediated. A striking feature of these personalized politics are leaders’ attempts to connect directly with their publics through media, like the yearly call-in show (‘direct line’) bringing Russian citizens in a more-or-less staged dialogue with Vladimir Putin. More recently, Donald Trump’s Twitter-based presidency evoked discussion and disbelief: not since the Italian fascist Benito Mussolini mounted his Roman balcony had a national leader merged so completely with a communication platform, Nicholas Carr judged. In particular, the Trump presidency triggered new interest in personalized politics and the fusion of entertainment and politics—the overarching theme of this special issue. A less evident explanation of Trumpism has discussed the American president as a product of the wrestling universe: What appears chaotic, improvised and grossly amateuristic actually follows simple but suggestive narratives—you have to stick to your role— and thus displays a certain professionalism. The link between Trump and wrestling works on two levels. First, the direct links, i.e. the connections of Trump to the wrestling world, a scene of white men among whom Trump figures himself—starring in the Hall of Fame or sharing a video of him ‘beating up’ a CNN journalist. More relevant to the questions we focus on in this issue is a second layer, the structural intermingling of reality and fiction, with wrestling catering to an audience that believes in something it recognizes as show (both the fights and bizarre stories
{"title":"The Mediatization of Political Personae, 1880s–1930s","authors":"Betto van Waarden, M. Kohlrausch","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2021.2010526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2021.2010526","url":null,"abstract":"It is no exaggeration to state that interactions between politics and media turned more complex in recent years. Unidirectional assumptions about the relationship of democracy and mediatization have been challenged. The modes of mediated politics established throughout the twentieth century are obviously under pressure. The nowadays ubiquitous but equally vague term ‘populism’ captures some of the underlying dynamics. At the core of the term’s genealogy is a bewilderment with the rise of a type of political strongman, who belongs to an older age of authoritarian politics yet simultaneously thrives in the modern world of social media and media-generated ‘realities’. The dynamics fuelling the careers of politicians such as Jair Bolsonaro, Victor Orbán and Donald Trump, specific as they are, constitute a new mode of personalized politics and may be seen as extreme— but in this sense telling—examples of broader changes in how politics is mediated. A striking feature of these personalized politics are leaders’ attempts to connect directly with their publics through media, like the yearly call-in show (‘direct line’) bringing Russian citizens in a more-or-less staged dialogue with Vladimir Putin. More recently, Donald Trump’s Twitter-based presidency evoked discussion and disbelief: not since the Italian fascist Benito Mussolini mounted his Roman balcony had a national leader merged so completely with a communication platform, Nicholas Carr judged. In particular, the Trump presidency triggered new interest in personalized politics and the fusion of entertainment and politics—the overarching theme of this special issue. A less evident explanation of Trumpism has discussed the American president as a product of the wrestling universe: What appears chaotic, improvised and grossly amateuristic actually follows simple but suggestive narratives—you have to stick to your role— and thus displays a certain professionalism. The link between Trump and wrestling works on two levels. First, the direct links, i.e. the connections of Trump to the wrestling world, a scene of white men among whom Trump figures himself—starring in the Hall of Fame or sharing a video of him ‘beating up’ a CNN journalist. More relevant to the questions we focus on in this issue is a second layer, the structural intermingling of reality and fiction, with wrestling catering to an audience that believes in something it recognizes as show (both the fights and bizarre stories","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42111936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2021.2010524
Betto van Waarden
This article argues that the increasing use of press images around 1900 contributed to the construction of the political persona of the British Statesman Joseph Chamberlain. These images fused scenes from his public and private life and, paradoxically, the new focus on his private characteristics reinforced his public role. His private life did not replace his public side, nor was the private unrelated to politics as celebrity scholarship suggests, but these projected private characteristics widened the scope of what it meant to be a politician in a mass mediated environment. This argument is made through an analysis of the media context in which Chamberlain matured as a politician and the press images of his public and private life. Particularly the many (re)published images of Chamberlain during the ‘media event’ of his death in 1914 are used methodologically to trace the evolution of the visual depiction of politics through time.
{"title":"‘His Political Life Story Told in Pictures’: The Visual Construction of the Political Persona of Joseph Chamberlain","authors":"Betto van Waarden","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2021.2010524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2021.2010524","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that the increasing use of press images around 1900 contributed to the construction of the political persona of the British Statesman Joseph Chamberlain. These images fused scenes from his public and private life and, paradoxically, the new focus on his private characteristics reinforced his public role. His private life did not replace his public side, nor was the private unrelated to politics as celebrity scholarship suggests, but these projected private characteristics widened the scope of what it meant to be a politician in a mass mediated environment. This argument is made through an analysis of the media context in which Chamberlain matured as a politician and the press images of his public and private life. Particularly the many (re)published images of Chamberlain during the ‘media event’ of his death in 1914 are used methodologically to trace the evolution of the visual depiction of politics through time.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47014091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-21DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2021.2003126
S. Zieger
{"title":"The Digitally Disposed: Racial Capitalism and the Informatics of Value","authors":"S. Zieger","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2021.2003126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2021.2003126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49203324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-06DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2021.1961575
H. Kokko
The phenomenon of letters to newspapers developed into a nationwide and pervasive culture of local letters in the mid-1800s Finnish-language press. A characteristic feature of this culture was that the readers’ letters published in the press were written in the names of local communities. Thus, the writer of the letter claimed to represent the entire local community. This interaction between different locations via the press transformed local into societal and societal into local. The culture of local letters had decisive influence on the development of Finnish society, nationalism and civic society in the nineteenth century.
{"title":"From Local to Translocal Experience","authors":"H. Kokko","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2021.1961575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2021.1961575","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of letters to newspapers developed into a nationwide and pervasive culture of local letters in the mid-1800s Finnish-language press. A characteristic feature of this culture was that the readers’ letters published in the press were written in the names of local communities. Thus, the writer of the letter claimed to represent the entire local community. This interaction between different locations via the press transformed local into societal and societal into local. The culture of local letters had decisive influence on the development of Finnish society, nationalism and civic society in the nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13688804.2021.1961575","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47611575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2021.1958672
Clelia Clini, J. Hornabrook, Emily Keightley
2017 marked the 70th anniversary of the end of colonial rule in British India and of the division of the country into the two independent states of India and Pakistan. To commemorate the event, in August 2017, the BBC broadcast a series of programmes focused specifically on Partition. Focusing on My Family, Partition and Me: India 1947, this article analyses the programme’s structure and rhetorical strategies, with particular reference to its representation of the empire and of contemporary postcolonial Britain. We argue that the show, by merging personal and national histories, successfully promotes an inclusive perspective on Britishness, in line with the BBC’s inclusivity remit, which also emphasises the multicultural character of Britain as a result of its colonial history. The emphasis on individualised account of suffering and resilience, however, leaves Partition circumscribed within the ‘temporary madness’ narrative, thus limiting the show’s engagement with the politics of colonialism and decolonisation.
{"title":"Televising the Partition of British India","authors":"Clelia Clini, J. Hornabrook, Emily Keightley","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2021.1958672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2021.1958672","url":null,"abstract":"2017 marked the 70th anniversary of the end of colonial rule in British India and of the division of the country into the two independent states of India and Pakistan. To commemorate the event, in August 2017, the BBC broadcast a series of programmes focused specifically on Partition. Focusing on My Family, Partition and Me: India 1947, this article analyses the programme’s structure and rhetorical strategies, with particular reference to its representation of the empire and of contemporary postcolonial Britain. We argue that the show, by merging personal and national histories, successfully promotes an inclusive perspective on Britishness, in line with the BBC’s inclusivity remit, which also emphasises the multicultural character of Britain as a result of its colonial history. The emphasis on individualised account of suffering and resilience, however, leaves Partition circumscribed within the ‘temporary madness’ narrative, thus limiting the show’s engagement with the politics of colonialism and decolonisation.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44652400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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