M. Orzechowski, S. Smólczyński, B. Kalisz, P. Sowiński
{"title":"Origin, properties and agricultural value of alluvial soils in the Vistula and Pasłęka deltas, north Poland","authors":"M. Orzechowski, S. Smólczyński, B. Kalisz, P. Sowiński","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/157350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/157350","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88659151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study site La Chorquina ravine is located in the northern part of the Colombian in the western Andes region, where three alluvial fans with different altitudinal levels have been identi fi ed, being one of them the object of this study. These sedimentary deposits have been associated with the “El Guásimo” landslide, a downstream deposit that was considered responsible for the damming of the Cauca River. Paleoenvironmental reconstructions carried out during the last years question the existence of paleolakes, and support the hypothesis of a typical alluvial plain dynamic in fl u-enced by the Cauca River tributaries. In this research, two pro fi les were subjected to a complete pedostratigraphic fi eld characterization (structure, horizons differentiation, colour, porosity, and stoniness); Selected soil samples were submitted to physicochemical and mineralogical analyses, of which 11 micromorphological analysis were performed, and carbonates, gypsum, iron and manganese oxides, cutans, nodules, concretions and other pedological features were identi fi ed. The research proved the predominance of alluvial soils under an alluvial sedimentary environment with a predominance of features associated to the dynamic alluvial system characterized by little mineral alteration and similar mineralogical composition. The presence of carbonates and gypsum evidences seasonality changes in the climatic conditions. By means of the study of alluvial soils it is possible to identify paleoclimatic seasonality through edaphological records, which makes these soils a powerful tool for the study of Quaternary processes and paleoclimatic seasonality in tropical fl uvial environments.
{"title":"Alluvial soils as paleoenvironmental indicator in fluvial environments: a case study from Colombia","authors":"J. Loaiza-Úsuga, Maria Toro-Quijano, Marion Weber","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/157400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/157400","url":null,"abstract":"The study site La Chorquina ravine is located in the northern part of the Colombian in the western Andes region, where three alluvial fans with different altitudinal levels have been identi fi ed, being one of them the object of this study. These sedimentary deposits have been associated with the “El Guásimo” landslide, a downstream deposit that was considered responsible for the damming of the Cauca River. Paleoenvironmental reconstructions carried out during the last years question the existence of paleolakes, and support the hypothesis of a typical alluvial plain dynamic in fl u-enced by the Cauca River tributaries. In this research, two pro fi les were subjected to a complete pedostratigraphic fi eld characterization (structure, horizons differentiation, colour, porosity, and stoniness); Selected soil samples were submitted to physicochemical and mineralogical analyses, of which 11 micromorphological analysis were performed, and carbonates, gypsum, iron and manganese oxides, cutans, nodules, concretions and other pedological features were identi fi ed. The research proved the predominance of alluvial soils under an alluvial sedimentary environment with a predominance of features associated to the dynamic alluvial system characterized by little mineral alteration and similar mineralogical composition. The presence of carbonates and gypsum evidences seasonality changes in the climatic conditions. By means of the study of alluvial soils it is possible to identify paleoclimatic seasonality through edaphological records, which makes these soils a powerful tool for the study of Quaternary processes and paleoclimatic seasonality in tropical fl uvial environments.","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86392476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Buthelezi‐Dube, P. Muchaonyerwa, J. Hughes, A. Modi, K. Caister
Ethnopedological studies focus on agricultural soils resulting in undervaluation of non-agricultural soil materials during land classi fi cation. In this study, ethnographic and ethnopedologic methods were used to obtain local knowledge and gain in-depth understanding of non-agricultural soils, their mineralogical and elemental composition relating to application in geophagy, healing and cosmetic purposes in two villages in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In each village a questionnaire was administered to fi fty randomly selected individuals from which ten knowledgeable volunteers (in-cluding eight geophagists from two villages) provided details on the selection criteria, the desired properties and why the soils performed the claimed role. Users based their selection on macromor-phological features (e.g. colour, texture and location within the soil) and indigenous knowledge. Geophagic materials were mainly sourced from C horizons. They were mostly fi ne-grained with mica, kaolinite and quartz, and elements such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co) and lead (Pb). Natural pigments, such as iron oxides in highly weathered soils, were recognised as sunscreen materials. Although the mechanisms were not understood by users, laboratory analyses showed that the mineralogical and chemical properties of the soil materials played a crucial role. The sunscreen and healing capabilities of these soils were related to high contents of titanium (TiO 2 ) and iron (Fe 2 O 3 ) and the presence of kaolinite. Further appraisal of these soil materials is necessary for their conservation and inclusion in land classi fi cation.
{"title":"Properties and indigenous knowledge of soil materials used for consumption, healing and cosmetics in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"N. Buthelezi‐Dube, P. Muchaonyerwa, J. Hughes, A. Modi, K. Caister","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/157408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/157408","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnopedological studies focus on agricultural soils resulting in undervaluation of non-agricultural soil materials during land classi fi cation. In this study, ethnographic and ethnopedologic methods were used to obtain local knowledge and gain in-depth understanding of non-agricultural soils, their mineralogical and elemental composition relating to application in geophagy, healing and cosmetic purposes in two villages in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In each village a questionnaire was administered to fi fty randomly selected individuals from which ten knowledgeable volunteers (in-cluding eight geophagists from two villages) provided details on the selection criteria, the desired properties and why the soils performed the claimed role. Users based their selection on macromor-phological features (e.g. colour, texture and location within the soil) and indigenous knowledge. Geophagic materials were mainly sourced from C horizons. They were mostly fi ne-grained with mica, kaolinite and quartz, and elements such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co) and lead (Pb). Natural pigments, such as iron oxides in highly weathered soils, were recognised as sunscreen materials. Although the mechanisms were not understood by users, laboratory analyses showed that the mineralogical and chemical properties of the soil materials played a crucial role. The sunscreen and healing capabilities of these soils were related to high contents of titanium (TiO 2 ) and iron (Fe 2 O 3 ) and the presence of kaolinite. Further appraisal of these soil materials is necessary for their conservation and inclusion in land classi fi cation.","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82895517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global climate change that causes drought requires integrated and sustainable crop management through management of soil water content in tea plantations. In dry season in tropical and sub-tropical climate conditions, there is a decrease in soil water content between 11–28%. To minimize the decline in production, it can be anticipated by knowing the changes in water content in the soil. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of slope and year pruning tea plant (YP) on soil water content and shoot production in tea plantations. The research was conducted in November 2020 – April 2021, at Research Institute for Tea and Chincona, West Java, Indonesia. The research design used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors, factor 1 (year of pruning) and factor 2 (slope). The parameters observed were soil water content and shoot production. The results showed that the factor of slope and year of pruning did not show any signi fi cant interactions and differences in soil water content a soil water content found at YP-3 at 40.48% and the highest shoot production at YP-2 of 20.06 kg/plot. The effect year of pruning (YP) is highly correlated and has a strong relationship to soil water content. The results of this study can be used to predict the actual situation the tea leaf growing period, which can improve the management of tea production plantations and also provide a scienti fi c basis for accurate timing of effective fertilization of tea planting, as well as providing technical support for the future of farming technology.
{"title":"Effect of slope and year of pruning of tea plants on soil water content in Indonesian tea plantations","authors":"R. Wulansari, F. Athallah, Aloysius Pramudita","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/157103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/157103","url":null,"abstract":"Global climate change that causes drought requires integrated and sustainable crop management through management of soil water content in tea plantations. In dry season in tropical and sub-tropical climate conditions, there is a decrease in soil water content between 11–28%. To minimize the decline in production, it can be anticipated by knowing the changes in water content in the soil. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of slope and year pruning tea plant (YP) on soil water content and shoot production in tea plantations. The research was conducted in November 2020 – April 2021, at Research Institute for Tea and Chincona, West Java, Indonesia. The research design used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors, factor 1 (year of pruning) and factor 2 (slope). The parameters observed were soil water content and shoot production. The results showed that the factor of slope and year of pruning did not show any signi fi cant interactions and differences in soil water content a soil water content found at YP-3 at 40.48% and the highest shoot production at YP-2 of 20.06 kg/plot. The effect year of pruning (YP) is highly correlated and has a strong relationship to soil water content. The results of this study can be used to predict the actual situation the tea leaf growing period, which can improve the management of tea production plantations and also provide a scienti fi c basis for accurate timing of effective fertilization of tea planting, as well as providing technical support for the future of farming technology.","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76519569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Fekete, Á. Béni, B. Biró, Várbíró Gábor, J. Katalin, Makádi Marianna, Kotroczo Zsolt
{"title":"Variability in litter inputs affecting soil fungi and bacteria through moisture and carbon content in forest soil","authors":"I. Fekete, Á. Béni, B. Biró, Várbíró Gábor, J. Katalin, Makádi Marianna, Kotroczo Zsolt","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/157106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/157106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86472780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alluvial soils constitute a group of soils that is very diverse in terms of their genesis and what is the effect of it – most of properties, e.g. organic carbon content, features connected with ground or stag-nating water, development of B horizons or texture. It is also re fl ected in their systematic position. Currently, the Polish Soil Classi fi cation (PSC, 2019) distinguishes as many as 3 types of soils developed from fl uvic materials: ordinary, chernozemic and brown alluvial soils. Some of soils with allu-vial sediments strongly in fl uenced by water but without diagnostic horizons can be also classi fi ed as gleysols or stagnosols. The aim of the article was to check the criteria and to verify completeness of units in the rank of types and subtypes for distinguishing alluvial soils in latest version of Polish Soil Classi fi cation (PSC, 2019). The study was carried out in area covered by Vistulian glaciation in Northern Poland. 87 pro fi les to the maximum depth of 210 cm were studied. 18 pedons belong to cher-nozemic alluvial soils, the most common type (48) was classi fi ed as brown alluvial soils, ordinary alluvial soils occurred 11 times. Moreover, 7 pedons with fl uvic material were classi fi ed as gleysols. Other 3 soils represented organic and colluvial soils. Based on the conducted research some changes in Polish Soil Classi fi cation have been proposed. They are regarding the minimum thickness of fl u-vic materials for classifying alluvial soils, the revision of the humus subtype, the introduction of the type of gleyzemic alluvial soils in gleyzemic order or subtype of alluvial soils in type of gleysols and subtype of waterlogged soils in chernozemic alluvial soil type. The article also addresses important issues of the origin and classi fi cation of B horizons in the studied soils, and con fi rmed signi fi cant usefulness of soil-agricultural maps in determining the places of occurrence of alluvial soils.
{"title":"Classification of alluvial soils - problematic issues on the examples from South Baltic Lakelands, north Poland","authors":"M. Świtoniak, Adam Michalski, M. Markiewicz","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/157099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/157099","url":null,"abstract":"Alluvial soils constitute a group of soils that is very diverse in terms of their genesis and what is the effect of it – most of properties, e.g. organic carbon content, features connected with ground or stag-nating water, development of B horizons or texture. It is also re fl ected in their systematic position. Currently, the Polish Soil Classi fi cation (PSC, 2019) distinguishes as many as 3 types of soils developed from fl uvic materials: ordinary, chernozemic and brown alluvial soils. Some of soils with allu-vial sediments strongly in fl uenced by water but without diagnostic horizons can be also classi fi ed as gleysols or stagnosols. The aim of the article was to check the criteria and to verify completeness of units in the rank of types and subtypes for distinguishing alluvial soils in latest version of Polish Soil Classi fi cation (PSC, 2019). The study was carried out in area covered by Vistulian glaciation in Northern Poland. 87 pro fi les to the maximum depth of 210 cm were studied. 18 pedons belong to cher-nozemic alluvial soils, the most common type (48) was classi fi ed as brown alluvial soils, ordinary alluvial soils occurred 11 times. Moreover, 7 pedons with fl uvic material were classi fi ed as gleysols. Other 3 soils represented organic and colluvial soils. Based on the conducted research some changes in Polish Soil Classi fi cation have been proposed. They are regarding the minimum thickness of fl u-vic materials for classifying alluvial soils, the revision of the humus subtype, the introduction of the type of gleyzemic alluvial soils in gleyzemic order or subtype of alluvial soils in type of gleysols and subtype of waterlogged soils in chernozemic alluvial soil type. The article also addresses important issues of the origin and classi fi cation of B horizons in the studied soils, and con fi rmed signi fi cant usefulness of soil-agricultural maps in determining the places of occurrence of alluvial soils.","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81659704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syahrur Ramadhan, H. Hermansah, B. Rusman, Syafimen Yasin
Several countries have experienced widespread forest conversion, including Indonesia where Jambi Province is the most affected region. The majority of forests in the province have been converted to oil palm plantations. Between 1995–2018, 7,846 hectares of secondary forest in the Kaos sub-watershed were converted to oil palm plantations. Land conversion causes soil degradation that, in turn, impacts soil quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the potential change in soil quality (and the main factors that affect soil quality) as land undergoes conversion from secondary forest to oil palm plantations. Soil samples were taken from six locations in a secondary forest, a cleared forest area, and oil palm plantations of four different age classes, and a soil quality index (SQI) was calculated for each land use. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the soil data. SQI values in the Kaos sub-watershed ranged from 0.45–0.53, which indicates that the soils are of medium quality. The greatest SQI value (0.53) was associated with the secondary forest site, while the lowest SQI value (0.45) was found on oil palm plantation #1 (age class: 0–5 years). Furthermore, the factors that affected SQI in our study were found to be base saturation, organic carbon content, and bulk density. In conclusion, the conversion of secondary forest to oil palm plantations in the Kaos sub-watershed causes a decrease in the SQI values.
{"title":"The effects of forest conversion to oil palm plantation on soil quality in the Kaos sub-watershed, Indonesia","authors":"Syahrur Ramadhan, H. Hermansah, B. Rusman, Syafimen Yasin","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/156574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/156574","url":null,"abstract":"Several countries have experienced widespread forest conversion, including Indonesia where Jambi Province is the most affected region. The majority of forests in the province have been converted to oil palm plantations. Between 1995–2018, 7,846 hectares of secondary forest in the Kaos sub-watershed were converted to oil palm plantations. Land conversion causes soil degradation that, in turn, impacts soil quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the potential change in soil quality (and the main factors that affect soil quality) as land undergoes conversion from secondary forest to oil palm plantations. Soil samples were taken from six locations in a secondary forest, a cleared forest area, and oil palm plantations of four different age classes, and a soil quality index (SQI) was calculated for each land use. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the soil data. SQI values in the Kaos sub-watershed ranged from 0.45–0.53, which indicates that the soils are of medium quality. The greatest SQI value (0.53) was associated with the secondary forest site, while the lowest SQI value (0.45) was found on oil palm plantation #1 (age class: 0–5 years). Furthermore, the factors that affected SQI in our study were found to be base saturation, organic carbon content, and bulk density. In conclusion, the conversion of secondary forest to oil palm plantations in the Kaos sub-watershed causes a decrease in the SQI values.","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"1047 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77234222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of short-term crop rotation with different proportions of sunflower on cellulolytic activity of the soil","authors":"Z. Dehtiarova","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/156097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/156097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"272 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77826763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Humic acids in permanent grasslands of the Czersk Meadows Complex, north Poland","authors":"M. Banach-Szott, A. Dziamski","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/156099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/156099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"1 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85585715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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