Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research最新文献

Background: While aging is associated with health decline leading to disability, gratitude is vital for it has positive impacts on health, both mentally and physically. Being grateful reduces stress, lowers blood pressure, and improves sleep patterns. The study aimed to identify variables associated with gratitude in elderly with disability.

Materials and methods: This research was a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study. Respondents were people aged 60 years and over with disability. They were recruited using purposive sampling. Data on demography, living arrangements, self-reported diseases, age at disability onset, disability (assessed using Washington Group Short of Questions on Functioning), independence in daily activities [assessed using Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaires], and gratitude (measured with a questionnaire) were collected from the respondents. Multivariate linear regression analysis with a stepwise method was used to identify variables significantly correlated with gratitude.

Results: Fifty-five older people aged 60-90 years participated in the study. The respondents had mobility, speech, hearing, or speech impairment. The stepwise linear regression showed that IADL and living arrangement explained 40% variance in the gratitude with F = 17.99, p < .001 (R²=0.40). Independence in instrumental daily activities and living with family were positively associated with gratitude in elderly with disability.

Conclusions: Independence in daily activities and living arrangement are significant factors associated with gratitude in elderly with disability. The findings suggest priority be given to those living alone and needing help for daily activities. Exercise to increase gratitude can be incorporated into holistic care of elderly.

Background: Hospitals are experiencing a surge in social admissions, saturating beds required for more severe pathologies. Nurses, midwives, and other health care workers can explore this issue by using self-reflective practice to research this phenomenon in depth. This study presents primary qualitative research methods in nursing and midwifery to explore novel hospital presentations.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted from February 2023 to January 2024. We describe the theoretical and practical applications of qualitative inquiry, including Kolb's self-reflective practice, storytelling, autoethnography, and critical incident analysis, to improve research practice in nursing and generate practice-based evidence and strategies for policy.

Results: We crafted and analyzed four prototypical vignettes of people who typically present with social illnesses, epitomized by borderline personality disorder and its impact. By merging patient stories with nurses' autoethnographies, we can expand insider views and research tools in qualitative research.

Conclusions: Qualitative exploratory analysis provided robust and convincing accounts of how nurses and midwives can face and relate to problematic situations in health care. Nurses can use both patients' narratives and their own to extract salient points and guidance for understanding, theorizing, changing, and policymaking.

Background: Service design method is a user-centric approach to improve the service through the patient point of view. The general purpose of the study was to improve satisfaction and increase service delivery in the occupational health clinic.

Materials and methods: This is descriptive, qualitative study that utilized a service design approach and was conducted at an Occupational Health Clinic in Kazakhstan from March to September 2022. Data collection methods included observation and semi-structured interviews. The study involved the participation of 15 patients and 5 nurses.

Results: The collaborative efforts of the multiprofessional team resulted in significant enhancements to patient satisfaction and service delivery at the occupational health clinic. Initiatives such as addressing wait times for medical documentation led to notable improvements, as reflected in positive feedback from 15 patients. The overall quality of medical service received earned an impressive average rating of 5 out of 5, signaling the successful achievement of the research aim.

Conclusions: The implementation of targeted initiatives, guided by a service design approach, has unequivocally elevated patient satisfaction and streamlined service delivery within the occupational health clinic. The collaborative efforts of the multiprofessional team, exemplified by initiative measures and innovative solutions, have addressed key areas such as waiting time, appointment organization, and recreational offerings. These outcomes not only validate the efficacy of the undertaken changes but also underscore the clinic's commitment to continuous improvement in fostering a patient-centric and efficient healthcare environment.

Background: This study compared the Quality of Life (QoL) between new and recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients, a crucial indicator for those undergoing treatment.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at eight community health centres in Garut, West Java, Indonesia. Convenience sampling was used to recruit patients aged >15 years with new or recurrent pulmonary TB. QoL was assessed using the WHOQOL tool. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test.

Results: 54 new and 60 recurrent pulmonary TB patients participated. Recurrent TB patients Mean(SD) scored significantly higher in the psychological domain 58.30 (10.63) compared to new TB patients 53.70 (10.31) (p < 0.05, t-test: -2.34).

Conclusions: New pulmonary TB patients experience greater psychological burden, highlighting the need for targeted psychological support to improve their overall QoL.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that often leads to diabetic ulcers and persistent hyperglycemia. This condition can cause vascular and metabolic abnormalities, affecting bone marrow performance and altering the hematological profile of patients. This study investigates the correlation between blood glucose levels and hematological profiles in DM patients with diabetic ulcers.

Materials and methods: A quantitative, experimental laboratory study was conducted with 30 blood samples from DM patients at Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin, Indonesia, in February 2023, using purposive sampling. Hematological profiles were analyzed with an automatic hematology analyzer, while blood glucose levels were measured using Point-of-Care Testing (POCT). The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) was assessed by the Westergren method. Pearson and Spearman coefficients were used to compare ESR results at different intervals, and a regression equation was derived to predict conventional ESR values from micro ESR results. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple correlation regression.

Results: The correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between blood glucose and hematological parameters: hemoglobin (p = 0.013), hematocrit (p = 0.011), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) (p = 0.044), and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) (p = 0.152). No significant correlation was found between blood glucose and the number of erythrocytes (p = 0.997), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) (p = 0.152), total leukocytes (p = 0.082), or platelet count (p = 0.484).

Conclusions: A moderate correlation (r = 0.422) was observed between blood glucose levels and the hematological profile in DM patients with diabetic ulcers.

Background: Mandala coloring is a distraction strategy to reduce the anxiety in children. However, it has received little attention for the management of anxiety in hospitalized children. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of mandala coloring on preoperative anxiety in children.

Materials and methods: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted using a pre-test-post-test design in two intervention and control groups. The 64 school-age children, who were admitted to the pediatric surgery ward in Mofid Hospital in Tehran, were allocated to the test and control groups, using a single-blind block randomized design. Children in the control group underwent routine preoperative visits. Meanwhile, the children in the intervention group, mandala coloring intervention was done at least one hour before entering the operating room for 15-20 minutes. The level of anxiety was measured through the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, before and after the intervention of both groups. Results were analyzed using t-test and Pearson correlation.

Results: In the intervention group, there was a statistically significant in post-intervention than the pre-intervention and the children reported a lower level of anxiety (t = 4.51, df = 31, P = 0.01). But, after the intervention, there was not a statistically significant between the intervention and control groups in terms of average trait (t = 1.31, df = 61.86, P = 0.194) and state anxiety levels (t = -0.152, df = 58.94, P = 0.879).

Conclusions: The results indicated that likely, mandala coloring intervention was not effective in reducing preoperative anxiety in children. Further studies are needed to more assess the effects of mandala coloring on anxiety of children undergoing surgery.

Background: The number of suicide attempts has increasingly grown over the last few years. Describing and stating the experiences suicide attempters have undergone and the consequences of such actions is of significant importance. Hence, this study was performed to uncover and communicate the experiences of young suicide attempters and their parents through a qualitative method and with a phenomenological approach.

Materials and methods: This study was conducted based on the descriptive phenomenological method. The data collection method was an in-depth, semi-structured interview, and 8 adolescents and 8 parents were interviewed. The collected data were then analyzed using Colaizzi's method.

Results: As a result of scrutinizing the data through Colaizzi's analysis, 14 subthemes and 4 main themes (helplessness and feeling unsupported, poor self-esteem, generation gaps, and negative emotions and inappropriate emotional reactions) were derived. The lived experiences of adolescent suicide attempters and their parents indicate that suicide is a complex, painful, and bitter ordeal, and comprehending all of its aspects is not feasible and is hardly achievable.

Conclusions: The findings show that the adolescents were suffering from undesirable and irritating emotional experiences and agitation arising from different factors such as problematic and unsupportive emotional relationships inside and outside the family, generation gap, and losing control of negative emotions.

Background: Nurses are exposed to various occupational stressors that can negatively impact their psychological health and well-being. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify individual and occupational risk factors associated with psychological health and workload among Iranian clinical nurses.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 131 nurses at a teaching and training hospital in Semnan, Iran, from April to October 2020. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires assessing psychological health, mental health exhaustion, workload levels, and demographic information. Descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation were used to analyze the data.

Results: Approximately half of the participants reported moderate symptoms of psychological health problems. Higher rates of psychological health issues were observed in emergency, gynecology, and internal medicine units. Younger nurses and those with less experience were more likely to report negative feelings toward their job. Extended working hours (12 hours) were associated with increased workload. Significant positive correlations were found between sub-dimensions of psychological health and workload.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that work environment stressors, such as extended working hours and heavy workloads, are associated with job dissatisfaction and exhaustion among clinical nurses. To improve the psychological health and job satisfaction of nurses, it is essential to implement organizational strategies such as reducing overtime work and providing flexible work schedules, particularly for experienced nurses.

Background: Infertility stigma is one of the well-known psychosocial problems and can disrupt the mental health of infertile women and their family relationships. This study evaluated the relation between infertility stigma and domestic violence in infertile women.

Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 300 women who referred to the Fertility and Infertility Center of Isfahan, IRAN (2022-2023) using a convenient sampling method. Data gathering tools were WHO Standard Domestic Violence questionnaire and Female Infertility Stigma Instrument (ISI-F). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 (Pearson correlation, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and multivariate linear regression analysis). This article has been edited based on the STROBE checklist.

Results: The mean (SD) score of infertility stigma was 64.79 (14.70) (out of 100). The mean (SD) score of domestic violence was 10.94 (16.61) (out of 100). There was a significant positive relation between the score of infertility stigma and the total score of domestic violence, physical violence, mental violence, and sexual violence p<0.001. The highest correlation was found between mental violence and infertility stigma (r = 0.359). Economic status (p = 0.001), infertility factor (p = 0.007), and infertility stigma p<0.001 were predictors of domestic violence.

Conclusions: Infertility stigma was related with all the aspects of domestic violence. Infertility stigma was a predictor of domestic violence. It is necessary to plan interventions to deal with infertility stigma and domestic violence in infertile women. Psychological counseling should be considered along with infertility treatment.

Background: Family caregivers are crucial for the post-discharge recovery of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery. They encounter caregiving burdens in various aspects, affecting their well-being and quality of life. This study explored the contributing and alleviating factors of care burden in family caregivers of patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery through qualitative content analysis.

Materials and methods: In this qualitative study, sixteen family caregivers of patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery, were included by purposeful sampling from February to September 2023. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interviews were recorded and then transcribed. Conventional content analysis was used for data analysis.

Results: To explain the factors leading to caregiver burden, the three main categories of onslaught of physical and psychological tension, confrontation with multiple roles and tasks, and lack of resources were identified. Furthermore, the two categories of support systems and adaptive coping emerged as factors that alleviate the care burden. Also, 13 subcategories were extracted from the results.

Conclusions: Family caregivers of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery face numerous caregiving challenges in different physical, psychological, social, and financial aspects. In addition to strengthening and applying adaptive coping strategies, it is necessary to plan for the educational and psychological needs and financial support of caregivers.