Purpose: The purpose of the study is to clarify the prevalence of calcifications within thyroid tumors on ultrasonography as well as the relationship between the calcification and histopathological types.
Materials and methods: Calcifications were classified into 6 (or 8) types according to their shape, size, and region. The prevalence of calcifications and types were investigated in new outpatients and patients who underwent thyroid surgery.
Results: Among 2,902 nodules in 2,678 new outpatients, 747 nodules (26%) had calcifications. The types showed a wide distribution. Among 941 patients with papillary carcinoma (PC), 725 patients (77%) had calcifications, and the types showed a wide distribution. 18 patients with the diffuse sclerosing variant of PC only showed punctate microcalcifications in the parenchyma (100%), 32 patients with the cyst-forming type of PC mostly fragmentary and massive types (100%), and 161 metastatic lymph nodes from PC mostly punctate microcalcifications and fragmentary types (48%). Among 337 patients with follicular carcinoma, 79 patients (23%) had calcifications, and the types were mostly fragmentary, massive, and egg-shell types. Among 41 patients with undifferentiated carcinoma, 33 patients (80%) presented with calcifications, which were mostly the massive and egg-shell types. Among 137 patients with medullary carcinoma, 99 patients (72%) had calcification, and the types showed a wide distribution. None of 173 patients with primary thyroid lymphoma had calcifications (0%).
Conclusion: Calcifications on ultrasonography can be one of the characteristic findings and a full understanding of the prevalence of calcifications and types will markedly contribute to the ultrasonic diagnosis of thyroid tumors.
{"title":"Calcifications in Thyroid Tumors on Ultrasonography: Calcification Types and Relationship with Histopathological Type.","authors":"Kaoru Kobayashi, Tomoko Fujimoto, Hisashi Ota, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Tomonori Yabuta, Hiroo Masuoka, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Takuya Higashiyama, Minoru Kihara, Yasuhiro Ito, Akihiro Miya, Akira Miyauchi","doi":"10.1055/a-0591-6070","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-0591-6070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study is to clarify the prevalence of calcifications within thyroid tumors on ultrasonography as well as the relationship between the calcification and histopathological types.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Calcifications were classified into 6 (or 8) types according to their shape, size, and region. The prevalence of calcifications and types were investigated in new outpatients and patients who underwent thyroid surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2,902 nodules in 2,678 new outpatients, 747 nodules (26%) had calcifications. The types showed a wide distribution. Among 941 patients with papillary carcinoma (PC), 725 patients (77%) had calcifications, and the types showed a wide distribution. 18 patients with the diffuse sclerosing variant of PC only showed punctate microcalcifications in the parenchyma (100%), 32 patients with the cyst-forming type of PC mostly fragmentary and massive types (100%), and 161 metastatic lymph nodes from PC mostly punctate microcalcifications and fragmentary types (48%). Among 337 patients with follicular carcinoma, 79 patients (23%) had calcifications, and the types were mostly fragmentary, massive, and egg-shell types. Among 41 patients with undifferentiated carcinoma, 33 patients (80%) presented with calcifications, which were mostly the massive and egg-shell types. Among 137 patients with medullary carcinoma, 99 patients (72%) had calcification, and the types showed a wide distribution. None of 173 patients with primary thyroid lymphoma had calcifications (0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Calcifications on ultrasonography can be one of the characteristic findings and a full understanding of the prevalence of calcifications and types will markedly contribute to the ultrasonic diagnosis of thyroid tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 2","pages":"E45-E51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/bf/10-1055-a-0591-6070.PMC6148317.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36522239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01Epub Date: 2018-07-11DOI: 10.1055/a-0612-7852
Ruediger Mueller, Mathias Grunke, Jörg Wendler, Florian Schuch, Karina Hofmann-Preiss, Ina Boettger, Rüdiger Jakobs, Hendrik Schulze-Koops, Johannes von Kempis
Background: The detection of joint swelling caused by synovitis is important for the diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis. Ultrasound (US) and MRI have proven to be more sensitive and reliable than physical examination, but they are time-consuming and expensive. The automated breast volume scanner was developed to acquire serial B-mode pictures of the female breast and these can be analyzed in all three dimensions.
Objectives: To analyze the value of automated B-mode ultrasound employing the ABVS system in detecting synovitis of the finger joints compared to manual ultrasound (mUS) and physical examination, using MRI as the gold standard.
Methods: 19 consecutive patients suffering from active rheumatoid (n=15) or psoriatic (n=4) arthritis were included. Automated and mUS were conducted with a linear array (ACUSON S2000™, 11 MHz). Multiplanar reconstruction enabled examination of the images for the presence of synovitis.
Results: 90% of the hand joints were assessable by automated ultrasound. Automated US detected 12.0, mUS 14.2, MRI 13.4, and clinical examination 4.1 positive joints - i. e. joints with synovitis - on average per patient. The inter-observer reliability of both assessors for automated and mUS, MRI, and physical examination, was 66.9%, 72.7%, 95.1%, and 88.9%, respectively. 84.3% of the joints classified as positive on MRI were confirmed by automated ultrasound, 85.5% on mUS, and 36.0 on physical examination. This translated into a sensitivity of 83.5%, 85.5%, and 36.0% for the three methods, respectively. Conclusion: Automated ultrasound is a promising ultrasound method for assessing small joints in patients with inflammatory arthritis.
{"title":"The Value of an Automated Ultrasound System in the Detection of Synovitis.","authors":"Ruediger Mueller, Mathias Grunke, Jörg Wendler, Florian Schuch, Karina Hofmann-Preiss, Ina Boettger, Rüdiger Jakobs, Hendrik Schulze-Koops, Johannes von Kempis","doi":"10.1055/a-0612-7852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0612-7852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The detection of joint swelling caused by synovitis is important for the diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis. Ultrasound (US) and MRI have proven to be more sensitive and reliable than physical examination, but they are time-consuming and expensive. The automated breast volume scanner was developed to acquire serial B-mode pictures of the female breast and these can be analyzed in all three dimensions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the value of automated B-mode ultrasound employing the ABVS system in detecting synovitis of the finger joints compared to manual ultrasound (mUS) and physical examination, using MRI as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>19 consecutive patients suffering from active rheumatoid (n=15) or psoriatic (n=4) arthritis were included. Automated and mUS were conducted with a linear array (ACUSON S2000™, 11 MHz). Multiplanar reconstruction enabled examination of the images for the presence of synovitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>90% of the hand joints were assessable by automated ultrasound. Automated US detected 12.0, mUS 14.2, MRI 13.4, and clinical examination 4.1 positive joints - i. e. joints with synovitis - on average per patient. The inter-observer reliability of both assessors for automated and mUS, MRI, and physical examination, was 66.9%, 72.7%, 95.1%, and 88.9%, respectively. 84.3% of the joints classified as positive on MRI were confirmed by automated ultrasound, 85.5% on mUS, and 36.0 on physical examination. This translated into a sensitivity of 83.5%, 85.5%, and 36.0% for the three methods, respectively. Conclusion: Automated ultrasound is a promising ultrasound method for assessing small joints in patients with inflammatory arthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 2","pages":"E61-E68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/a-0612-7852","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36463186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Papillary thyroid carcinoma with desmoid-type fibromatosis (PTC-DTF) is extremely rare. So far, only 4 cases describing the ultrasound findings of this variant have been reported. Here, we describe the ultrasound findings of 13 cases of PTC-DTF, focusing especially on the DTF area.
Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical reports, ultrasound reports, and ultrasound photographs obtained from medical records at Kuma Hospital.
Results: The patients included 8 women and 5 men with a mean age of 47.9 years. The widest dimension of the nodules ranged from 16 to 79 mm (mean: 37.5 mm). The original ultrasound reports classified the nodules as either intermediate suspicion or high suspicion. A diagnosis of PTC was suspected in 12 nodules, and anaplastic carcinoma was suspected in 1 nodule. PTC-DTF presented with an irregularly shaped nodule (100%), taller-than-wide sign (84.6%), heterogeneous echogenicity (100%), no microcalcification (76.9%), and no or mild flow signal on Doppler (75.0%). The DTF area was identified in the ultrasound photographs of 8 nodules. DTF areas were generally heterogeneous (62.5%) and more hypoechoic (71.4%) than PTC areas. Microcalcification was not observed in the DTF areas. All of the DTF areas revealed no or mild flow signal. On ultrasound elastography, the DTF areas were not stiff, and they were more elastic than the PTC areas.
Conclusion: It is difficult to predict PTC-DTF using ultrasound alone, and B-mode ultrasonography is more reliable than ultrasound elastography in the ultrasound diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules.
{"title":"Can Ultrasound Alone Predict Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis? A Retrospective Analysis of 13 Cases, Focusing on the Stromal Area.","authors":"Kumiko Tajiri, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Ayana Suzuki, Nami Takada, Hisashi Ota, Maki Oshita, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Kaoru Kobayashi, Akira Miyauchi","doi":"10.1055/a-0591-6163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0591-6163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Papillary thyroid carcinoma with desmoid-type fibromatosis (PTC-DTF) is extremely rare. So far, only 4 cases describing the ultrasound findings of this variant have been reported. Here, we describe the ultrasound findings of 13 cases of PTC-DTF, focusing especially on the DTF area.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical reports, ultrasound reports, and ultrasound photographs obtained from medical records at Kuma Hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients included 8 women and 5 men with a mean age of 47.9 years. The widest dimension of the nodules ranged from 16 to 79 mm (mean: 37.5 mm). The original ultrasound reports classified the nodules as either intermediate suspicion or high suspicion. A diagnosis of PTC was suspected in 12 nodules, and anaplastic carcinoma was suspected in 1 nodule. PTC-DTF presented with an irregularly shaped nodule (100%), taller-than-wide sign (84.6%), heterogeneous echogenicity (100%), no microcalcification (76.9%), and no or mild flow signal on Doppler (75.0%). The DTF area was identified in the ultrasound photographs of 8 nodules. DTF areas were generally heterogeneous (62.5%) and more hypoechoic (71.4%) than PTC areas. Microcalcification was not observed in the DTF areas. All of the DTF areas revealed no or mild flow signal. On ultrasound elastography, the DTF areas were not stiff, and they were more elastic than the PTC areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is difficult to predict PTC-DTF using ultrasound alone, and B-mode ultrasonography is more reliable than ultrasound elastography in the ultrasound diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules.</p>","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 2","pages":"E39-E44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/a-0591-6163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36522238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01Epub Date: 2018-07-05DOI: 10.1055/a-0591-5981
Reinhard Altmann, Iris Scharnreitner, Claudia Springer, Franziska Pschebezin, Wolfgang Arzt
When a cytomegalovirus infection occurs within the first 16 weeks of pregnancy, leading to intrauterine transmission, it has severe implications for the fetus. The risk of a transplacental infection in the first trimester is 40 %, and 10–15 % of these infected children show symptoms after birth. 80 % of infected children suffer from severe impairment. We present a rare case of the infection of one fetus in a diamniotic-dichorionic twin pregnancy.
{"title":"Cytomegalovirus Infection in One Fetus with Hypoplasia of the Pons in a Diamniotic-Dichorionic Twin Pregnancy.","authors":"Reinhard Altmann, Iris Scharnreitner, Claudia Springer, Franziska Pschebezin, Wolfgang Arzt","doi":"10.1055/a-0591-5981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0591-5981","url":null,"abstract":"When a cytomegalovirus infection occurs within the first 16 weeks of pregnancy, leading to intrauterine transmission, it has severe implications for the fetus. The risk of a transplacental infection in the first trimester is 40 %, and 10–15 % of these infected children show symptoms after birth. 80 % of infected children suffer from severe impairment. We present a rare case of the infection of one fetus in a diamniotic-dichorionic twin pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 2","pages":"E52-E53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/a-0591-5981","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36291923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01Epub Date: 2018-07-05DOI: 10.1055/a-0598-4115
Dear colleagues Welcome to the June 2018 issue of Ultrasound International Open. This issue works perfectly with the idea of the interdisciplinarity of Ultrasound. There are two papers dealing with the thyroid gland. The article from Kobayashi analyzes the prevalence of calcifications in thyroid tumors in US and also the relationship of these calcifications to the histopathology of the tumor. The article describes thyroid calcifications as one of the characteristic findings in defined thyroid tumors. The article from Tajiri from the same working group retrospectively analyzes the question whether Ultrasound alone can predict a special type of thyroid carcinoma. Their conclusion was that the detection of these rare carcinomas using Ultrasound alone can be difficult. Classical B-mode ultrasound seems to be the best, while elastography is less reliable. ■■■. Ultrasound Int Open 2018; 00: 00–00
{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-0598-4115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0598-4115","url":null,"abstract":"Dear colleagues Welcome to the June 2018 issue of Ultrasound International Open. This issue works perfectly with the idea of the interdisciplinarity of Ultrasound. There are two papers dealing with the thyroid gland. The article from Kobayashi analyzes the prevalence of calcifications in thyroid tumors in US and also the relationship of these calcifications to the histopathology of the tumor. The article describes thyroid calcifications as one of the characteristic findings in defined thyroid tumors. The article from Tajiri from the same working group retrospectively analyzes the question whether Ultrasound alone can predict a special type of thyroid carcinoma. Their conclusion was that the detection of these rare carcinomas using Ultrasound alone can be difficult. Classical B-mode ultrasound seems to be the best, while elastography is less reliable. ■■■. Ultrasound Int Open 2018; 00: 00–00","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 2","pages":"E38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/a-0598-4115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36522236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01Epub Date: 2018-07-05DOI: 10.1055/a-0619-6058
Marga B Rominger, Pascal Kälin, Monika Mastalerz, Katharina Martini, Volker Klingmüller, Sergio Sanabria, Thomas Frauenfelder
Objective: To evaluate measurement confounders on 2D shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) elastography of muscle.
Materials and methods: Ex vivo , porcine muscle was examined with a GE LOGIQ E9 ultrasound machine with a 9 L linear (9 MHz) and C1-6 convex probe (operating at 2.5 or 6 MHz). The influence of different confounders on mean shear wave velocity (SWVmean) was analyzed: probes, pressure applied by probe, muscle orientation, together with the impact of different machine settings such as frequency, placement depth and size of region of interest (ROI). The mean of twelve repeated SWVmean measurements (m/s) and coefficient of variation (CV; standard deviation/mean in %) were assessed for each test configuration.
Results: Reproducibility (CV) and maximum possible tissue depth of the linear probe were inferior to the convex probe. With the linear probe, there was a linear decrease of SWVmean with placement depth from 4.56 m/s to 1.81 m/s. A significant increase of SWVmean (p<0.001) was observed for larger ROI widths (range 3.96 m/s to 6.8 m/s). A change in the machine operation mode ('penetration' instead of 'general') led to a significant increase of SWVmean (p=0.04). SWVmean in the longitudinal direction of muscle was significantly higher than in cross section (p<0.001) (e. g. 4.56 m/s versus 3.42 m/s). An increase of linear probe pressure significantly increased muscle SWVmean from 5.29 m/s to 7.21 m/s (p<0.001).
Conclusions: 2D-SWE of muscle is influenced by a wealth of parameters. Therefore, standardization of measurement is advisable before application in clinical research studies and routine patient assessment.
目的:评估肌肉二维剪切波弹性成像(2D-SWE)的测量混杂因素:评估肌肉二维剪切波弹性成像(2D-SWE)的测量混杂因素:使用带有 9 L 线性(9 MHz)和 C1-6 凸探头(工作频率为 2.5 或 6 MHz)的 GE LOGIQ E9 超声波机对猪肌肉进行体外检查。分析了不同混杂因素对平均剪切波速度(SWVmean)的影响:探头、探头施加的压力、肌肉方向,以及不同机器设置(如频率、放置深度和感兴趣区(ROI)大小)的影响。对每种测试配置的 12 次重复 SWVmean 测量的平均值(米/秒)和变异系数(CV;标准偏差/平均值,单位 %)进行了评估:结果:线性探针的再现性(CV)和可能的最大组织深度均不如凸面探针。使用线性探针时,SWVmean 随放置深度从 4.56 m/s 线性下降到 1.81 m/s。SWVmean明显增加(p结论:肌肉的 2D-SWE 受大量参数的影响。因此,在应用于临床研究和常规患者评估之前,最好对测量进行标准化。
{"title":"Influencing Factors of 2D Shear Wave Elastography of the Muscle - An Ex Vivo Animal Study.","authors":"Marga B Rominger, Pascal Kälin, Monika Mastalerz, Katharina Martini, Volker Klingmüller, Sergio Sanabria, Thomas Frauenfelder","doi":"10.1055/a-0619-6058","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-0619-6058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate measurement confounders on 2D shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) elastography of muscle.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong><i>Ex vivo</i> , porcine muscle was examined with a GE LOGIQ E9 ultrasound machine with a 9 L linear (9 MHz) and C1-6 convex probe (operating at 2.5 or 6 MHz). The influence of different confounders on mean shear wave velocity (SWVmean) was analyzed: probes, pressure applied by probe, muscle orientation, together with the impact of different machine settings such as frequency, placement depth and size of region of interest (ROI). The mean of twelve repeated SWVmean measurements (m/s) and coefficient of variation (CV; standard deviation/mean in %) were assessed for each test configuration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reproducibility (CV) and maximum possible tissue depth of the linear probe were inferior to the convex probe. With the linear probe, there was a linear decrease of SWVmean with placement depth from 4.56 m/s to 1.81 m/s. A significant increase of SWVmean (p<0.001) was observed for larger ROI widths (range 3.96 m/s to 6.8 m/s). A change in the machine operation mode ('penetration' instead of 'general') led to a significant increase of SWVmean (p=0.04). SWVmean in the longitudinal direction of muscle was significantly higher than in cross section (p<0.001) (e. g. 4.56 m/s versus 3.42 m/s). An increase of linear probe pressure significantly increased muscle SWVmean from 5.29 m/s to 7.21 m/s (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>2D-SWE of muscle is influenced by a wealth of parameters. Therefore, standardization of measurement is advisable before application in clinical research studies and routine patient assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 2","pages":"E54-E60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4f/6a/10-1055-a-0619-6058.PMC6148312.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36522240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01Epub Date: 2018-04-04DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-102013
Caroline Ewertsen, Jonathan Carlsen, Mohammed Aftab Perveez, Henrik Schytz
Purpose: to establish reference values for ultrasound shear-wave elastography for pericranial muscles in healthy individuals (m. trapezius, m. splenius capitis, m. semispinalis capitis, m. sternocleidomastoideus and m. masseter). Also to evaluate day-to-day variations in the shear-wave speeds and evaluate the effect of the pennation of the muscle fibers, ie scanning parallel or perpendicularly to the fibers.
Materials and methods: 10 healthy individuals (5 males and 5 females) had their pericranial muscles examined with shear-wave elastography in two orthogonal planes on two different days for their dominant and non-dominant side. Mean shear wave speeds from 5 ROI's in each muscle, for each scan plane for the dominant and non-dominant side for the two days were calculated. The effect of the different parameters - muscle pennation, gender, dominant vs non-dominant side and day was evaluated.
Results: The effect of scan plane in relation to muscle pennation was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The mean shear-wave speed when scanning parallel to the muscle fibers was significantly higher than the mean shear-wave speed when scanning perpendicularly to the fibers. The day-to-day variation was statistically significant (p=0.0258), but not clinically relevant. Shear-wave speeds differed significantly between muscles. Mean shear wave speeds (m/s) for the muscles in the parallel plane were: for masseter 2.45 (SD:+/-0.25), semispinal 3.36 (SD:+/-0.75), splenius 3.04 (SD:+/-0.65), sternocleidomastoid 2.75 (SD:+/-0.23), trapezius 3.20 (SD:+/-0.27) and trapezius lateral 3.87 (SD:+/-3.87).
Conclusion: The shear wave speed variation depended on the direction of scanning. Shear wave elastography may be a method to evaluate muscle stiffness in patients suffering from chronic neck pain.
{"title":"Reference Values for Shear Wave Elastography of Neck and Shoulder Muscles in Healthy Individuals.","authors":"Caroline Ewertsen, Jonathan Carlsen, Mohammed Aftab Perveez, Henrik Schytz","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-102013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-102013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>to establish reference values for ultrasound shear-wave elastography for pericranial muscles in healthy individuals (m. trapezius, m. splenius capitis, m. semispinalis capitis, m. sternocleidomastoideus and m. masseter). Also to evaluate day-to-day variations in the shear-wave speeds and evaluate the effect of the pennation of the muscle fibers, ie scanning parallel or perpendicularly to the fibers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>10 healthy individuals (5 males and 5 females) had their pericranial muscles examined with shear-wave elastography in two orthogonal planes on two different days for their dominant and non-dominant side. Mean shear wave speeds from 5 ROI's in each muscle, for each scan plane for the dominant and non-dominant side for the two days were calculated. The effect of the different parameters - muscle pennation, gender, dominant vs non-dominant side and day was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effect of scan plane in relation to muscle pennation was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The mean shear-wave speed when scanning parallel to the muscle fibers was significantly higher than the mean shear-wave speed when scanning perpendicularly to the fibers. The day-to-day variation was statistically significant (p=0.0258), but not clinically relevant. Shear-wave speeds differed significantly between muscles. Mean shear wave speeds (m/s) for the muscles in the parallel plane were: for masseter 2.45 (SD:+/-0.25), semispinal 3.36 (SD:+/-0.75), splenius 3.04 (SD:+/-0.65), sternocleidomastoid 2.75 (SD:+/-0.23), trapezius 3.20 (SD:+/-0.27) and trapezius lateral 3.87 (SD:+/-3.87).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The shear wave speed variation depended on the direction of scanning. Shear wave elastography may be a method to evaluate muscle stiffness in patients suffering from chronic neck pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 1","pages":"E23-E29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0044-102013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35987556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01Epub Date: 2018-04-18DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-102005
Helene Caroline Arneberg, Thea Anette Andersen, Liv Lorås, Hans Torp, Thomas Manfred Scholbach, Torbjørn Moe Eggebø
Introduction: The aim was to investigate correlations between fetal weight gain/day and birthweight with blood flow estimates in the uterine arteries calculated with the PixelFlux technique and with measurements from TAmax. We also aimed to examine the agreement between estimates using the two methods.
Material and methods: We conducted a prospective observational pilot study in pregnancy week 24-25 in women with risk pregnancies referred to the fetal medical centre at St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway from March 2016 to June 2016. Blood flow in the uterine arteries was calculated using time-averaged peak velocity (TAmax) and the PixelFlux technique. PixelFlux is a method based on pixelwise calculation of spatially angle-corrected velocities and areas of all pixels inside a vessel during a heart cycle.
Results: The mean flow calculated from PixelFlux and TAmax was 811 ml/minute and 787 ml/minute, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.83 (95% CI 0.72-0.90) and limits of agreement were -441 ml/minute (95% CI -558 to -324 ml/minute) to 489 ml/minute (95% CI 372 to 606 ml/minute). We observed a significant correlation between mean flow calculated from PixelFlux and birthweight (r=0.41; p<0.01) and between flow calculated from PixelFlux and weight gain/day (r=0.33; p=0.02). Calculation based on TAmax was significant correlated to birthweight (r=0.34; p=0.02), but not to weight-gain/day. Pulsatile index was not correlated to flow, birthweight or fetal weight-gain/day.
Conclusions: We found significant correlations between estimated blood flow in the uterine arteries using the PixelFlux technique with fetal weight-gain/day and with birthweight. Estimates from two methods showed good agreement.
{"title":"Correlation Between Fetal Weight Gain and Birth Weight with Blood Flow in the Uterine Arteries Calculated with the PixelFlux Technique.","authors":"Helene Caroline Arneberg, Thea Anette Andersen, Liv Lorås, Hans Torp, Thomas Manfred Scholbach, Torbjørn Moe Eggebø","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-102005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-102005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim was to investigate correlations between fetal weight gain/day and birthweight with blood flow estimates in the uterine arteries calculated with the PixelFlux technique and with measurements from TAmax. We also aimed to examine the agreement between estimates using the two methods.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective observational pilot study in pregnancy week 24-25 in women with risk pregnancies referred to the fetal medical centre at St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway from March 2016 to June 2016. Blood flow in the uterine arteries was calculated using time-averaged peak velocity (TAmax) and the PixelFlux technique. PixelFlux is a method based on pixelwise calculation of spatially angle-corrected velocities and areas of all pixels inside a vessel during a heart cycle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean flow calculated from PixelFlux and TAmax was 811 ml/minute and 787 ml/minute, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.83 (95% CI 0.72-0.90) and limits of agreement were -441 ml/minute (95% CI -558 to -324 ml/minute) to 489 ml/minute (95% CI 372 to 606 ml/minute). We observed a significant correlation between mean flow calculated from PixelFlux and birthweight (r=0.41; p<0.01) and between flow calculated from PixelFlux and weight gain/day (r=0.33; p=0.02). Calculation based on TAmax was significant correlated to birthweight (r=0.34; p=0.02), but not to weight-gain/day. Pulsatile index was not correlated to flow, birthweight or fetal weight-gain/day.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found significant correlations between estimated blood flow in the uterine arteries using the PixelFlux technique with fetal weight-gain/day and with birthweight. Estimates from two methods showed good agreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 1","pages":"E16-E22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0044-102005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36034788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01Epub Date: 2018-04-12DOI: 10.1055/a-0597-3578
Vita Cantisani
Dear Colleagues, it is a pleasure to introduce the present issue of Ultrasound International Open 2018.
各位同事,很高兴向大家介绍2018年超声国际公开赛。
{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Vita Cantisani","doi":"10.1055/a-0597-3578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0597-3578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dear Colleagues, it is a pleasure to introduce the present issue of Ultrasound International Open 2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":44852,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound International Open","volume":"4 1","pages":"E1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/a-0597-3578","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36024888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}