Pub Date : 2021-12-23DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211048648
Robin Wagner-Pacifici
This paper responds to Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama’s article, “Existence theory: Outline for a theory of social behaviour,” by drawing out and examining the paper’s identification of the importance of existential milestones and the dangers of their elusiveness for some leading to a sense of incomplete lives. Alternative perspectives on frustrated existential milestones are proposed via a focus on the relationship between existence and events.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-23DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211049126
D. Inglis
This paper responds to the ‘existence theory’ proposed by Baert, Morgan and Ushiyama. It considers their proposals in light of two main thematics: the general account of human existence, and the more empirical sociology of existential milestones. Both elements are appraised in light of existentialist philosophy and earlier attempts at ‘existentialist sociology’. It is suggested that the authors engage with generational theory, and also give an account of the commodification of significant life-stages by the milestones culture industry.
{"title":"Existentialising existence theory and expanding the sociology of existential milestones","authors":"D. Inglis","doi":"10.1177/1468795X211049126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X211049126","url":null,"abstract":"This paper responds to the ‘existence theory’ proposed by Baert, Morgan and Ushiyama. It considers their proposals in light of two main thematics: the general account of human existence, and the more empirical sociology of existential milestones. Both elements are appraised in light of existentialist philosophy and earlier attempts at ‘existentialist sociology’. It is suggested that the authors engage with generational theory, and also give an account of the commodification of significant life-stages by the milestones culture industry.","PeriodicalId":44864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Classical Sociology","volume":"22 1","pages":"30 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44151093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-23DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211056079
P. Baert, Marcus Morgan, Rin Ushiyama
After exploring the main tenets of existence theory and the affinities between this theory and other philosophical traditions, this introduction lists the central points of each contribution to this special issue. In what follows, we provide a brief synopsis of the critical commentaries by David Inglis, Simon Susen, Robin Wagner-Pacifici, Bryan S. Turner, William Outhwaite, and Thomas Kemple.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-23DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211051514
S. Susen
The main purpose of this paper is to examine the ‘existence theory’ proposed by Patrick Baert, Marcus Morgan, and Rin Ushiyama. To this end, it focuses on some key issues that could, and arguably should, be explored in more detail, especially if the authors decide to develop their project further, permitting them to establish a new interdisciplinary branch of inquiry. The comments and suggestions made in this paper are meant to be constructive, supporting the idea that Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama’s outline could, and should, be turned into a bold, systematic, and long-term research programme. More specifically, the in-depth analysis of Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama’s theoretical framework demonstrates that their undertaking, which draws on central insights from both existentialism and phenomenology, contributes to bridging the disciplinary gap between philosophy and sociology. The paper concludes by asserting that Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama’s model provides a solid foundation for an ambitious, but viable, project that may result in the creation of a new current of research, capable of generating valuable insights into the tension-laden confluence of existential milestones, existential ladders, and existential urgencies in the theatre of human life.
{"title":"Critical remarks on existence theory: Between existentialism and phenomenology","authors":"S. Susen","doi":"10.1177/1468795X211051514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X211051514","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this paper is to examine the ‘existence theory’ proposed by Patrick Baert, Marcus Morgan, and Rin Ushiyama. To this end, it focuses on some key issues that could, and arguably should, be explored in more detail, especially if the authors decide to develop their project further, permitting them to establish a new interdisciplinary branch of inquiry. The comments and suggestions made in this paper are meant to be constructive, supporting the idea that Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama’s outline could, and should, be turned into a bold, systematic, and long-term research programme. More specifically, the in-depth analysis of Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama’s theoretical framework demonstrates that their undertaking, which draws on central insights from both existentialism and phenomenology, contributes to bridging the disciplinary gap between philosophy and sociology. The paper concludes by asserting that Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama’s model provides a solid foundation for an ambitious, but viable, project that may result in the creation of a new current of research, capable of generating valuable insights into the tension-laden confluence of existential milestones, existential ladders, and existential urgencies in the theatre of human life.","PeriodicalId":44864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Classical Sociology","volume":"22 1","pages":"49 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48938488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-27DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211059877
B. Turner
books that would not have been published under the old regime. Adam Yamey, a retired dentist and son of an LSE Professor, has published, through Lulu, a self-publishing company discussed in the book, several books about London, the history of places in Britain, the social movements of the Indian diaspora, travel in the Balkans, his great-grandfather, who was a Jewish South African politician, and other historical topics with a strong “social” content. His blog and webpage (https://adam-yamey-writes.com) are nicely professional and indistinguishable from the pages digitally competent academics produce. With books and pages like this the gap between the products of academic publishing and self-publishing narrows to almost nothing, especially as traditional publishers seek “content” to market to libraries as parts of subscription digital services and off-load more of the work of promotion and production to authors, and intermediate forms, such as “presses” run by academic libraries with instant free downloading, emerge. Given the turmoil over the costs of open access and the expense of academic publishing, one wonders whether the gap will simply vanish. Some academics have taken the leap already, such as the late Hans Zetterberg, who used Amazon’s CreateSpace. Perhaps this is the technological foundation for the democratization of intellectual life, and the decentering of universities and celebrity intellectuals.
{"title":"Book Review: Ali Shariati: Expanding the Sociological Canon","authors":"B. Turner","doi":"10.1177/1468795X211059877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X211059877","url":null,"abstract":"books that would not have been published under the old regime. Adam Yamey, a retired dentist and son of an LSE Professor, has published, through Lulu, a self-publishing company discussed in the book, several books about London, the history of places in Britain, the social movements of the Indian diaspora, travel in the Balkans, his great-grandfather, who was a Jewish South African politician, and other historical topics with a strong “social” content. His blog and webpage (https://adam-yamey-writes.com) are nicely professional and indistinguishable from the pages digitally competent academics produce. With books and pages like this the gap between the products of academic publishing and self-publishing narrows to almost nothing, especially as traditional publishers seek “content” to market to libraries as parts of subscription digital services and off-load more of the work of promotion and production to authors, and intermediate forms, such as “presses” run by academic libraries with instant free downloading, emerge. Given the turmoil over the costs of open access and the expense of academic publishing, one wonders whether the gap will simply vanish. Some academics have taken the leap already, such as the late Hans Zetterberg, who used Amazon’s CreateSpace. Perhaps this is the technological foundation for the democratization of intellectual life, and the decentering of universities and celebrity intellectuals.","PeriodicalId":44864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Classical Sociology","volume":"22 1","pages":"249 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42576894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211055659
S. Lukes
Derrida J (2005) Structure, Sign, and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences. In Writing and Difference. Translated by A Bass. London and New York: Routledge, pp.351–370. Lukes S (2007) Searle versus Durkheim. In: Tsohatzidis S (ed.) Intentional Acts and Institutional Facts: Essays on John Searle’s Social Ontology. Dordrecht: Springer, pp.191–202. Sawyer RK (2002) Durkheim’s dilemma: Toward a sociology of emergence. Sociological Theory 20(2): 227–247. Schmaus W (1994) Durkheim’s Philosophy of Science and the Sociology of Knowledge: Creating an Intellectual Niche. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Searle JR (2006) Searle versus Durkheim and the waves of thought. Anthropological Theory 6(1): 57–69. Tilly C (ed.) (1981) Useless Durkheim. In: As Sociology Meets History. New York, NY: Academic Press, pp.95–108.
{"title":"Bringing power back in","authors":"S. Lukes","doi":"10.1177/1468795X211055659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X211055659","url":null,"abstract":"Derrida J (2005) Structure, Sign, and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences. In Writing and Difference. Translated by A Bass. London and New York: Routledge, pp.351–370. Lukes S (2007) Searle versus Durkheim. In: Tsohatzidis S (ed.) Intentional Acts and Institutional Facts: Essays on John Searle’s Social Ontology. Dordrecht: Springer, pp.191–202. Sawyer RK (2002) Durkheim’s dilemma: Toward a sociology of emergence. Sociological Theory 20(2): 227–247. Schmaus W (1994) Durkheim’s Philosophy of Science and the Sociology of Knowledge: Creating an Intellectual Niche. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Searle JR (2006) Searle versus Durkheim and the waves of thought. Anthropological Theory 6(1): 57–69. Tilly C (ed.) (1981) Useless Durkheim. In: As Sociology Meets History. New York, NY: Academic Press, pp.95–108.","PeriodicalId":44864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Classical Sociology","volume":"22 1","pages":"130 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43088745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211032418
Bridget Fowler
This article aims to contribute to a sociology of knowledge via an autoanalysis of a marginalised member of the British upper-middle class, who moved first from the South to the North of England and then from England to Scottish society as an immigrant: a ‘stranger who stayed’. Written in the first person, Bridget Fowler’s reflections move between different religious and political worlds, focusing especially on her reception of conflicting sociological theories and her own development through these. Influenced by five exceptionally learned and lucid sociologists – John Rex, Herminio Martins, Raymond Williams, Pierre Bourdieu and Terry Lovell – she has spent her sociological career contributing to the demystification of power in various forms. In particular she has focused on the significance of secular culture – notably literature – in creating hegemonic domination. She has also analysed the role of symbolic revolutions in social transformation, avoiding in this respect falling either into idealism or simplistic class reductionism. Arguing that sociological theory still needs to teach Marx, Weber and Durkheim, these founding figures should not be seen as creating – in social scientific terms – a unified architectural construction, but should be read with and against one another; further, they need also to be combined with other, more contemporary, influences. Finally whilst noting the existential salience of movements around identity – nation, gender, sexuality and disability – she argues that the discipline must continue to reach out ‘beyond the fragments’, to address social totalities more broadly, including wider issues of social space and structures of power.
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Pub Date : 2021-10-29DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211053993
S. Moebius
Georg Simmel’s political position has rarely been discussed explicitly – perhaps because many scholars have assumed that Simmel was ‘apolitical’ before 1914. The present article shows that even before 1914 Simmel held a distinct political position, to wit a peculiar kind of liberal-Nietzschean aristocratic individualism. This individualism is the result of a passage through ‘the hard school’ of egalitarian socialism in order to reach true individuality. It is closely related to Simmel’s central theorem of the so-called ‘individual law’. After a socio-historical contextualisation of Simmel’s political thought, the article follows this motif in detail through his diagnosis of the times, his theory of socio-cultural development, his engagement in cultural politics, his ideal of personality formation and his engagement in the bourgeois women’s movement. Simmel’s thought culminates in a conception of ‘dialectic aristocratism’. In this respect, the normative core of Simmel’s political standpoint is very close to Max Weber’s position. The last section argues that Simmel’s war writings do not mark a break in his political thinking, but rather apply the same theorem of the ‘individual law’ to the German state. Through its various stages, the article shows that Simmel’s political orientation, linked to key theoretical concepts, is deeply rooted in the educated bourgeoisie’s worldview and habitus.
{"title":"Georg Simmel’s political thought: Socialism and Nietzschean aristocratism","authors":"S. Moebius","doi":"10.1177/1468795X211053993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X211053993","url":null,"abstract":"Georg Simmel’s political position has rarely been discussed explicitly – perhaps because many scholars have assumed that Simmel was ‘apolitical’ before 1914. The present article shows that even before 1914 Simmel held a distinct political position, to wit a peculiar kind of liberal-Nietzschean aristocratic individualism. This individualism is the result of a passage through ‘the hard school’ of egalitarian socialism in order to reach true individuality. It is closely related to Simmel’s central theorem of the so-called ‘individual law’. After a socio-historical contextualisation of Simmel’s political thought, the article follows this motif in detail through his diagnosis of the times, his theory of socio-cultural development, his engagement in cultural politics, his ideal of personality formation and his engagement in the bourgeois women’s movement. Simmel’s thought culminates in a conception of ‘dialectic aristocratism’. In this respect, the normative core of Simmel’s political standpoint is very close to Max Weber’s position. The last section argues that Simmel’s war writings do not mark a break in his political thinking, but rather apply the same theorem of the ‘individual law’ to the German state. Through its various stages, the article shows that Simmel’s political orientation, linked to key theoretical concepts, is deeply rooted in the educated bourgeoisie’s worldview and habitus.","PeriodicalId":44864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Classical Sociology","volume":"23 1","pages":"20 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47253331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211048299
F. Lechner
Using illustrative passages and comparisons with previous partial translations, this paper reports some problems of accuracy and tone in the complete English translation of Georg Simmel’s sociological magnum opus, Sociology: Inquiries into the Construction of Social Forms. Placing these problems in the context of broader discussions of translation projects, it urges caution on the part of anglophone readers and suggests that some older translations remain valuable.
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Pub Date : 2021-10-05DOI: 10.1177/1468795X211049626
Dominik Želinský
This paper explores the contribution of early social phenomenologists working in the 1920s and 1930s in Germany to charisma theory. Specifically, I focus on the works of Gerda Walther, Herman Schmalenbach and Aron Gurwitsch, whose work is now being re-appreciated in the field of social philosophy. Living in the interbellum German-speaking space, these authors were keenly interested in the issue of charismatic authority and leadership introduced into the social sciences by Max Weber, with whom they engaged in an indirect intellectual dialogue. I argue that their phenomenological background equipped them well to understand the intricacies of the experiential and emotional dimension of charisma, and that their insights remain valid even a century after they have been first published.
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