This study aimed to examine the opinions of the instructors who work at GUHEM (Gökmen Space and Aviation Training Center) on the exhibition's content, how the exhibition spaces contribute to science education, especially astronomy and aviation, and the types of visitors who frequently visit the center. Nine instructors from GUHEM's science centers participated in the study. Data were gathered using the "Instructor Opinion Form," with nine open-ended questions. The data elicited from these questions were subjected to content analysis. The findings showed that children aged 6 to 11 made up the majority of visitors; the fascinating exhibition areas focused on the Solar System and planets and interactive workshops with space and aviation themes, like those involving paper airplane construction and rocket competition, were very popular. In terms of the contribution of this center to science education, it was found that the GUHEM exhibitions played an active role in teaching the solar system, planets, and pressure. Although astronomy is the discipline with which the exhibition areas are most closely associated, it can also be linked to other disciplines like astrobiology, mathematics, and aviation. Instructors shared their worries that they won't be able to meet visitors' expectations and occasionally struggle to understand the subject during activities held at GUHEM. These findings led to the opinion that GUHEM and other science centers will function more effectively if schools and science centers collaborate more, the curriculum and exhibition content are improved, and the instructors receive professional assistance from academicians who are subject-matter experts. Keywords: astronomy and aviation, instructor, needs, opinion, science center
本研究旨在考察在古赫姆（Gökmen Space and Aviation Training Center）工作的教员对展览内容的看法，展览空间如何为科学教育，特别是天文学和航空学做出贡献，以及经常参观该中心的访客类型。来自GUHEM科学中心的九名教员参与了这项研究。使用“讲师意见表”收集数据，共有9个开放式问题。从这些问题中得出的数据进行了内容分析。调查结果显示，6至11岁的儿童占游客的大多数；以太阳系和行星为主题的引人入胜的展区，以及以太空和航空为主题的互动研讨会，如纸飞机建造和火箭竞赛，都非常受欢迎。就该中心对科学教育的贡献而言，发现古赫姆展览在教授太阳系、行星和压力方面发挥了积极作用。尽管天文学是展区联系最紧密的学科，但它也可以与天体生物学、数学和航空等其他学科联系在一起。导师们也担心他们无法满足游客的期望，在GUHEM举办的活动中偶尔会很难理解这个主题。这些发现使人们认为，如果学校和科学中心更多地合作，课程和展览内容得到改进，导师得到学科专家院士的专业帮助，古河姆和其他科学中心将更有效地发挥作用。关键词：天文航空、教员、需求、观点、科学中心
{"title":"THE OPINIONS AND NEEDS OF SCIENCE CENTER INSTRUCTORS: THE CASE OF GOKMEN SPACE AND AVIATION TRAINING CENTER (GUHEM)","authors":"A. Aslan","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.792","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the opinions of the instructors who work at GUHEM (Gökmen Space and Aviation Training Center) on the exhibition's content, how the exhibition spaces contribute to science education, especially astronomy and aviation, and the types of visitors who frequently visit the center. Nine instructors from GUHEM's science centers participated in the study. Data were gathered using the \"Instructor Opinion Form,\" with nine open-ended questions. The data elicited from these questions were subjected to content analysis. The findings showed that children aged 6 to 11 made up the majority of visitors; the fascinating exhibition areas focused on the Solar System and planets and interactive workshops with space and aviation themes, like those involving paper airplane construction and rocket competition, were very popular. In terms of the contribution of this center to science education, it was found that the GUHEM exhibitions played an active role in teaching the solar system, planets, and pressure. Although astronomy is the discipline with which the exhibition areas are most closely associated, it can also be linked to other disciplines like astrobiology, mathematics, and aviation. Instructors shared their worries that they won't be able to meet visitors' expectations and occasionally struggle to understand the subject during activities held at GUHEM. These findings led to the opinion that GUHEM and other science centers will function more effectively if schools and science centers collaborate more, the curriculum and exhibition content are improved, and the instructors receive professional assistance from academicians who are subject-matter experts.\u0000Keywords: astronomy and aviation, instructor, needs, opinion, science center","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46168661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of toxicity on satisfaction with life at school affects many variables. As parts of school culture, satisfaction and toxicity are related concepts. This study aims to determine the predictive effect of toxicity on satisfaction with life at school. In Turkey, no study has been found to be conducted about the relationship between organizational toxicity and satisfaction with life. Method of the research: This was a descriptive study based on the correlational survey model. In this study, it was supposed to determine the effects of teachers’ demographic characteristics (gender, alma mater, professional seniority, and number of teachers in the school) and toxicity perceptions on satisfaction with life. The study group consisted of 1600 teachers working at 54 secondary schools in Sivas city center. Based on the calculation made, a sample of 223 teachers representing the population was created. The dependent variable of the study was teachers' satisfaction with life. Stepwise regression was used as a multiple regression analysis technique. In this regression analysis, a linear structure of the relationship between one dependent and more than one independent variable was tested. The results showed that the toxicity avoidance behaviors of teachers positively affected their perceptions of satisfaction with life. It was teachers' displaying conflict behaviors (β= -,226) regarding toxicity. There was a decrease in the satisfaction with life of teachers who ventured conflict. Likewise, there was a negative effect (β= -184) between the level of narcissistic behavior in the organizational environment and the level of satisfaction with life. The satisfaction with life levels of teachers who thought that narcissistic behaviors were exhibited in the organizational environment decreased. A positive relationship was found between the fourth ranked variable resistance (β= ,149) and satisfaction with life. Teachers' resistance to painful toxic situations increased their level of satisfaction with life. Keywords: school teachers, organizational toxicity, toxic organization, satisfaction with life
{"title":"THE PREDICTIVE EFFECT OF TOXICITY ON SATISFACTION WITH LIFE AT SCHOOL","authors":"İzzet Kaplan, C. T. Uğurlu","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.823","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of toxicity on satisfaction with life at school affects many variables. As parts of school culture, satisfaction and toxicity are related concepts. This study aims to determine the predictive effect of toxicity on satisfaction with life at school. In Turkey, no study has been found to be conducted about the relationship between organizational toxicity and satisfaction with life. Method of the research: This was a descriptive study based on the correlational survey model. In this study, it was supposed to determine the effects of teachers’ demographic characteristics (gender, alma mater, professional seniority, and number of teachers in the school) and toxicity perceptions on satisfaction with life. The study group consisted of 1600 teachers working at 54 secondary schools in Sivas city center. Based on the calculation made, a sample of 223 teachers representing the population was created. The dependent variable of the study was teachers' satisfaction with life. Stepwise regression was used as a multiple regression analysis technique. In this regression analysis, a linear structure of the relationship between one dependent and more than one independent variable was tested. The results showed that the toxicity avoidance behaviors of teachers positively affected their perceptions of satisfaction with life. It was teachers' displaying conflict behaviors (β= -,226) regarding toxicity. There was a decrease in the satisfaction with life of teachers who ventured conflict. Likewise, there was a negative effect (β= -184) between the level of narcissistic behavior in the organizational environment and the level of satisfaction with life. The satisfaction with life levels of teachers who thought that narcissistic behaviors were exhibited in the organizational environment decreased. A positive relationship was found between the fourth ranked variable resistance (β= ,149) and satisfaction with life. Teachers' resistance to painful toxic situations increased their level of satisfaction with life.\u0000Keywords: school teachers, organizational toxicity, toxic organization, satisfaction with life","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42565817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Learning environments and teaching methods have been constantly changing over the past decades. As the shift in the learning environment is primarily toward a physical to an online learning environment, this study examines how to enable younger students to select appropriate content for learning in digital learning environments that they can then successfully read and evaluate using appropriate strategies. The study is based on 54 in-depth case studies. Using the Internet reciprocal teaching method (IRT), 54 implementers trained 54 primary school students from first to fifth grade in basic computer skills, Internet information searching, and website navigation, as well as analysing data obtained using the TICA Phase 1, 2, and 3 Checklists, the implementers' report, and the children notes in a text editor. Triangulation of the data in combination with selected statistical methods shows that there are differences in the use of the method between students according to age. While the latter can use an unadopted form of the method, younger students need some adjustments, which are suggested in the light of previous research. Keywords: digital literacy, e-reading, primary school, internet reciprocal teaching, online learning
{"title":"ONLINE READING IN DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS","authors":"Maja Kerneža, Metka Kordigel Aberšek","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.836","url":null,"abstract":"Learning environments and teaching methods have been constantly changing over the past decades. As the shift in the learning environment is primarily toward a physical to an online learning environment, this study examines how to enable younger students to select appropriate content for learning in digital learning environments that they can then successfully read and evaluate using appropriate strategies. The study is based on 54 in-depth case studies. Using the Internet reciprocal teaching method (IRT), 54 implementers trained 54 primary school students from first to fifth grade in basic computer skills, Internet information searching, and website navigation, as well as analysing data obtained using the TICA Phase 1, 2, and 3 Checklists, the implementers' report, and the children notes in a text editor. Triangulation of the data in combination with selected statistical methods shows that there are differences in the use of the method between students according to age. While the latter can use an unadopted form of the method, younger students need some adjustments, which are suggested in the light of previous research. \u0000Keywords: digital literacy, e-reading, primary school, internet reciprocal teaching, online learning","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43475935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computational thinking is recognized as a vital skill related to problem-solving in technological and non-technological fields. The existence of different sub-domains related to this skill has been pointed out. Therefore, there is a need for tools that measure these different sub-domains. Because of its structure that includes different skills, computational thinking has a structure different from that of the tools used to measure academic skills. Moreover, no special programming knowledge is required for tools that measure this ability. In order to measure this skill in younger age groups, it is possible to apply the measurement tool without adult support. At this point, it is aimed to reveal the computational thinking skills of Turkish children by adapting a test developed for the 7-9 age groups into Turkish. For this purpose, an adaptation research study was performed for TechCheck-2 developed by Relkin et al. (2020). In the study, a total of 372 primary school students studying in Ankara were contacted. Item and test analyses were performed on the data obtained as a result of the application of the test. The distinctiveness and difficulty values of the items making up the test and Kuder Richardson-20 scores were calculated. At the end of the analyses, it was seen that the test could be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool for Turkish children. Keywords: computational thinking, item analysis, test adaptation, primary school student
{"title":"ADAPTATION INTO TURKISH OF THE COMPUTATIONAL THINKING TEST FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS","authors":"Menşure Alkış Küçükaydın, Çiğdem Akkanat","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.765","url":null,"abstract":"Computational thinking is recognized as a vital skill related to problem-solving in technological and non-technological fields. The existence of different sub-domains related to this skill has been pointed out. Therefore, there is a need for tools that measure these different sub-domains. Because of its structure that includes different skills, computational thinking has a structure different from that of the tools used to measure academic skills. Moreover, no special programming knowledge is required for tools that measure this ability. In order to measure this skill in younger age groups, it is possible to apply the measurement tool without adult support. At this point, it is aimed to reveal the computational thinking skills of Turkish children by adapting a test developed for the 7-9 age groups into Turkish. For this purpose, an adaptation research study was performed for TechCheck-2 developed by Relkin et al. (2020). In the study, a total of 372 primary school students studying in Ankara were contacted. Item and test analyses were performed on the data obtained as a result of the application of the test. The distinctiveness and difficulty values of the items making up the test and Kuder Richardson-20 scores were calculated. At the end of the analyses, it was seen that the test could be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool for Turkish children.\u0000Keywords: computational thinking, item analysis, test adaptation, primary school student","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48209676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study seeks to explore primary school teachers’ implementations of the concept of digital citizenship. The study adopted a questionnaire as the quantitative method and distributed it to the participants online. 943 participants were both (female, male) of Hail city in Saudi Araba. The results show that the primary teachers have positive implementations about the concept of digital citizenship and its dimensions. It also found that tender had no effect on digital citizenship dimensions. However, primary teachers with more than 10 years of technological experience high higha level of knowledge of concept of digital citizenship, especially in digital communication and digital etiquette. Based on the findings, the study recommended focusing on developing the capabilities of educational cadres in general and teachers in particular, as well as preparing and training them in the areas of digital citizenship, allowing them to teach it effectively and to effectively employ digital technologies in the educational process. More research is needed in the future to identify the requirements for citizenship in education from the set of cultural, social, health, legal, and security determinants related to digital technology that enable the educational system in general, and teachers in particular, to contribute to the preparation of a modern citizen capable of using and employing digital technology in a safe and sound manner. Keywords: descriptive research, digital citizenship (dc), education system, primary school teachers
{"title":"THE IMPLEMENTATIONS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS ABOUT THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP","authors":"H. R. Alqirnas","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.777","url":null,"abstract":"The current study seeks to explore primary school teachers’ implementations of the concept of digital citizenship. The study adopted a questionnaire as the quantitative method and distributed it to the participants online. 943 participants were both (female, male) of Hail city in Saudi Araba. The results show that the primary teachers have positive implementations about the concept of digital citizenship and its dimensions. It also found that tender had no effect on digital citizenship dimensions. However, primary teachers with more than 10 years of technological experience high higha level of knowledge of concept of digital citizenship, especially in digital communication and digital etiquette.\u0000Based on the findings, the study recommended focusing on developing the capabilities of educational cadres in general and teachers in particular, as well as preparing and training them in the areas of digital citizenship, allowing them to teach it effectively and to effectively employ digital technologies in the educational process. More research is needed in the future to identify the requirements for citizenship in education from the set of cultural, social, health, legal, and security determinants related to digital technology that enable the educational system in general, and teachers in particular, to contribute to the preparation of a modern citizen capable of using and employing digital technology in a safe and sound manner.\u0000Keywords: descriptive research, digital citizenship (dc), education system, primary school teachers","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45993066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to find out the factors, which significantly affected satisfaction with distance education among university students (undergraduate students). Complete data were obtained from 1283 respondents from different faculties in Czech Republic during the second term in academic year 2021/2022. The items in research tool were Likert type and also semantic differential was used. The descriptive, inferential and multidimensional statistic were used for data evaluation. Independent variables like: Evaluation factor for full-time form; Activity factor for full-time form; Difficulty factor for combined form; Evaluation factor for combined form; Activity factor for combined form; Perception of distance learning through negatives and Perception of distance learning through positives were as significant, which influenced satisfaction with distance education. Implications for pedagogical practice are presented in the conclusion part. Keywords: multiple regression model, quantitative approach, satisfaction of distance education, university students
{"title":"POSSIBLE FACTORS DETERMINING SATISFACTION OF DISTANCE EDUCATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS","authors":"V. Chytrý, Milan Kubiatko, Libor Pacovský","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.811","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to find out the factors, which significantly affected satisfaction with distance education among university students (undergraduate students). Complete data were obtained from 1283 respondents from different faculties in Czech Republic during the second term in academic year 2021/2022. The items in research tool were Likert type and also semantic differential was used. The descriptive, inferential and multidimensional statistic were used for data evaluation. Independent variables like: Evaluation factor for full-time form; Activity factor for full-time form; Difficulty factor for combined form; Evaluation factor for combined form; Activity factor for combined form; Perception of distance learning through negatives and Perception of distance learning through positives were as significant, which influenced satisfaction with distance education. Implications for pedagogical practice are presented in the conclusion part.\u0000Keywords: multiple regression model, quantitative approach, satisfaction of distance education, university students","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42319496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Systemology of education is the field of general systemology. On the other hand, systemology of education can reasonably be considered a structural part of contemporary education. There are many different arguments to substantiate such a position. For example, during the last two decades, educational (pedagogical) terminology has changed extremely rapidly. Education science has become more diverse than ever. Such branches as cooperation pedagogy, nonviolence pedagogy, pedagogy of the oppressed, peace pedagogy, success pedagogy, career pedagogy, theatre pedagogy and many others have appeared in educational scientific literature, not to mention the level of education. On the one hand, we do not deny the existence of these branches, on the other hand, the question arises about the scientific system in education in general (Lamanauskas, 2012). It is obvious that the development of education is characterised by two opposite trends – differentiation and integration. In such an abundance of currents, branches, directions, etc., it is not only easy to get lost, but it is even easier to lose the ability to identify mutual relations and define the place of each of them in the common stem of education science.
{"title":"SYSTEMOLOGY OF EDUCATION: SOME THOUGHTS ON THE CONCEPT AND DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Vincentas Lamanauskas","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.744","url":null,"abstract":"Systemology of education is the field of general systemology. On the other hand, systemology of education can reasonably be considered a structural part of contemporary education. There are many different arguments to substantiate such a position. For example, during the last two decades, educational (pedagogical) terminology has changed extremely rapidly. Education science has become more diverse than ever. Such branches as cooperation pedagogy, nonviolence pedagogy, pedagogy of the oppressed, peace pedagogy, success pedagogy, career pedagogy, theatre pedagogy and many others have appeared in educational scientific literature, not to mention the level of education. On the one hand, we do not deny the existence of these branches, on the other hand, the question arises about the scientific system in education in general (Lamanauskas, 2012). It is obvious that the development of education is characterised by two opposite trends – differentiation and integration. In such an abundance of currents, branches, directions, etc., it is not only easy to get lost, but it is even easier to lose the ability to identify mutual relations and define the place of each of them in the common stem of education science.","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43559472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An integer-based mathematical game was the main subject of the study. The aim of this study was to analyse the mathematical content of the game which was developed by a fourth-grade student called Esin, and to examine the intuitive learning that develops through this game. The game was based on the addition of the positive or negative numbers won in each round. The integer is regarded as an abstract topic and is taught in secondary school. It is also regarded as a topic that students have difficulty in learning. However, in the case examined by this research, a fourth grader created an integer addition game using her own intuitive understandings and played it with three of her friends. This research was a case study focusing on the analysis of the game. The study group of the research was Esin and her three friends who played the game. Data was gathered in two stages. In the first stage Esin played the game with researchers and in the second stage Esin and her friends played the game together. All the games were recorded, and the observation form was used to record data. Descriptive analysis, which consists of two codes (cardinal or ordinal meaning), was carried out in data analysis. As a result of the study, it was seen that, Esin had defined negative and positive numbers over the idea of win / lose. Students were able to use both the cardinal and ordinal meanings of the number while playing the game. Cardinal meaning was usually established through the neutralization relation. Ordinal meaning was mostly used over positioning the number relative to zero. This research contributes to the literature on students' learning of integers at an early age. Keywords: cardinal meaning, educational games, intuitive learning, negative numbers, ordinal meaning, primary school students
{"title":"EXAMINING INTEGERS-BASED MATH GAME CREATED BY A FOURTH GRADE STUDENT","authors":"Ebru Aylar Çankaya, Esengül Yıldız, Cemre Cengiz","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.750","url":null,"abstract":"An integer-based mathematical game was the main subject of the study. The aim of this study was to analyse the mathematical content of the game which was developed by a fourth-grade student called Esin, and to examine the intuitive learning that develops through this game. The game was based on the addition of the positive or negative numbers won in each round. The integer is regarded as an abstract topic and is taught in secondary school. It is also regarded as a topic that students have difficulty in learning. However, in the case examined by this research, a fourth grader created an integer addition game using her own intuitive understandings and played it with three of her friends. This research was a case study focusing on the analysis of the game. The study group of the research was Esin and her three friends who played the game. Data was gathered in two stages. In the first stage Esin played the game with researchers and in the second stage Esin and her friends played the game together. All the games were recorded, and the observation form was used to record data. Descriptive analysis, which consists of two codes (cardinal or ordinal meaning), was carried out in data analysis. As a result of the study, it was seen that, Esin had defined negative and positive numbers over the idea of win / lose. Students were able to use both the cardinal and ordinal meanings of the number while playing the game. Cardinal meaning was usually established through the neutralization relation. Ordinal meaning was mostly used over positioning the number relative to zero. This research contributes to the literature on students' learning of integers at an early age.\u0000Keywords: cardinal meaning, educational games, intuitive learning, negative numbers, ordinal meaning, primary school students","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43288900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It remains unknown to what extent mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are stigmatized. Children with ASD require special care to increase their attention and master the necessary motor and behavioural skills. In most society, particularly Middle East and Africa, mothers are largely the care providers for children while their partners concentrate on financial provision. Therefore, mothers experience a lot of challenges and stigma from some partners, family members, and the society. This qualitative phenomenological research examined the experiences of 15 mothers regarding the stigma associated with their children autism in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The research examined mothers' beliefs about the positive and negative roles that culture, education, and health institutions play in this regard. Five broad themes emerged from the analysis: mothers' concerns; reactions to the child's diagnosis; difficulties obtaining an ASD diagnosis; difficulty accessing resources; and cultural stigma (people's reactions). The researcher explored the themes and challenges of ASD through literature review and field Research (interviews). Findings showed the need to change structural and societal approaches toward ASD to share the burden among all stakeholders alleviating pressure on mothers. Keywords: children with ASD, cultural stigma, mothers’ stigmatization, mothers experience, society positive roles, society negative roles
{"title":"EXPERIENCES OF MOTHERS IN DEALING WITH STIGMA RELATED TO THEIR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN THE SAUDI CONTEXT","authors":"M. F. Sulaimani, Najwa Bakr Mursi","doi":"10.33225/pec/22.80.851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.851","url":null,"abstract":"It remains unknown to what extent mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are stigmatized. Children with ASD require special care to increase their attention and master the necessary motor and behavioural skills. In most society, particularly Middle East and Africa, mothers are largely the care providers for children while their partners concentrate on financial provision. Therefore, mothers experience a lot of challenges and stigma from some partners, family members, and the society. This qualitative phenomenological research examined the experiences of 15 mothers regarding the stigma associated with their children autism in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The research examined mothers' beliefs about the positive and negative roles that culture, education, and health institutions play in this regard. Five broad themes emerged from the analysis: mothers' concerns; reactions to the child's diagnosis; difficulties obtaining an ASD diagnosis; difficulty accessing resources; and cultural stigma (people's reactions). The researcher explored the themes and challenges of ASD through literature review and field Research (interviews). Findings showed the need to change structural and societal approaches toward ASD to share the burden among all stakeholders alleviating pressure on mothers.\u0000Keywords: children with ASD, cultural stigma, mothers’ stigmatization, mothers experience, society positive roles, society negative roles","PeriodicalId":44900,"journal":{"name":"Problems of Education in the 21st Century","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48908262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.52256/2710-3986.2-97.2022.04
Yurii Zavalevskyi, S. Gorbenko, O. Lozova
The article presents the relevance of the study and organization of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of STEM education. The authors assume that the study of this problem will contribute to the improvement of the effectiveness of educational and educational tasks of educational institutions. The authors stated that the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of STEM education in educational institutions are the purposeful organization of the educational STEM environment in the educational institution; educational and methodical support of educational institutions; improving the professional skills of scientific and pedagogical workers; psychological readiness of teachers for innovative activities; motivation of students for research, design, invention activities etc. STEM education is a tool for implementing the key provisions of the Concept of the New Ukrainian School regarding the renewal of didactic methods, means, forms and principles of education. Strengthening the role of STEM education will increase the motivation of students to study natural and mathematical subjects, as well as engineering, technology, and informatics. STEM education unites the efforts of the participants of the educational process in the formation of the competencies of the students, which will give the opportunity to propose innovative solutions for the economic development of the state and other spheres of society.
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