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Judges and Academics, and the Endless Road to Unattainable Perfection 法官和学者,以及通往无法达到的完美的无尽之路
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0021223721000315
Lord Burrows
This article is a lightly revised version of the Lionel Cohen Lecture 2021 given by the author in October 2021. It looks at the relationship between legal academics and judges. The title of the article derives from one of the judgments of the great Lord Goff. The article has three main parts. First, it explores the increased influence of legal academics on judges in England and Wales towards the end of the twentieth century. Secondly, it examines how academic work can assist judges and makes a plea for recognition of the importance of ‘practical legal scholarship’. Finally, drawing on the author's own recent experience, the article examines how being a judge of the United Kingdom Supreme Court differs from being an academic.
本文是作者于2021年10月发表的莱昂内尔·科恩2021年讲座的轻度修订版。它着眼于法律学者和法官之间的关系。这篇文章的标题来源于伟大的戈夫勋爵的一项判决。这篇文章有三个主要部分。首先,它探讨了20世纪末法律学者对英格兰和威尔士法官日益增长的影响。其次,它考察了学术工作如何帮助法官,并呼吁承认“实用法律学术”的重要性。最后,根据作者最近的经历,文章探讨了作为英国最高法院法官与作为学者的区别。
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引用次数: 3
Challenging UN Security Council- and International Criminal Court-Requested Asset Freezes in Domestic Courts: Views from the United Kingdom and Italy 质疑联合国安理会和国际刑事法院要求在国内法院冻结资产:英国和意大利的观点
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0021223721000224
Daley J. Birkett, D. Sejko
This article analyses attempts by the Libyan Investment Authority (LIA), the sovereign wealth fund of Libya, to challenge the domestic implementation of asset-freezing measures requested by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and the International Criminal Court (ICC) in the United Kingdom (UK) and Italy. The UNSC requested that states freeze LIA assets in early 2011 before partially easing the restrictions imposed in September of the same year, while the ICC requested the freezing of assets belonging to the then Libyan leader, Muammar Gaddafi, and two further accused persons shortly thereafter. The article scrutinises how these measures were incorporated into the legal orders of the UK and Italy before analysing how the LIA has challenged these actions in the Italian courts and those of England and Wales. In so doing, it aims to demonstrate that domestic courts offer additional fora in which individuals (and entities) might seek to enforce the legal protection to which they are entitled when faced with their assets having been frozen by states at the request of the UNSC and/or the ICC.
本文分析了利比亚主权财富基金利比亚投资局(LIA)试图挑战联合国安理会(UNSC)以及英国和意大利国际刑事法院(ICC)要求在国内实施的资产冻结措施。联合国安理会要求各国在2011年初冻结利比亚情报局的资产,然后部分放松同年9月实施的限制,而国际刑事法院则要求冻结当时的利比亚领导人穆阿迈尔·卡扎菲和随后不久的两名被告的资产。这篇文章仔细研究了这些措施是如何被纳入英国和意大利的法律秩序的,然后分析了LIA是如何在意大利法院以及英格兰和威尔士法院对这些行动提出质疑的。这样做的目的是表明,国内法院提供了额外的论坛,个人(和实体)在面临国家应联合国安理会和/或国际刑事法院的要求冻结其资产时,可以在其中寻求执行他们有权获得的法律保护。
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引用次数: 0
An Interdisciplinary Dialogue with the Business and Human Rights Literature 商业与人权文学的跨学科对话
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0021223721000273
Sufyan Droubi
The article draws on scholarships in the areas of international law, inequality and energy justice to engage in a dialogue with the business and human rights literature, from the perspective of the global south and Latin America, in particular. It engages with Gwynne Skinner's monograph about overcoming barriers to judicial remedy for corporate abuses of human rights. Skinner argues that if victims of these abuses cannot secure remedy in the countries in which the abuses occur – because of weak or corrupt institutions, among other factors – then the victims have a right to remedy in the home countries of the corporations and in countries in which they may conduct business – specifically, the United States, Canada and Europe. Skinner recommends that new legislation be introduced in these countries to ensure that their courts have jurisdiction to hear cases, under international human rights law, even when the cases have little or no links with the forum countries. I argue that a more robust international law and interdisciplinary approach shows that international human rights law alone provides a weak basis for the recommendations. I also reflect on part of the narrative that supports Skinner's argument, which builds a negative image of the courts in developing countries, to argue that this is unnecessary and that expansions of the bases of jurisdiction should be implemented on specific and stronger reasons.
文章利用国际法、不平等和能源正义领域的奖学金,特别是从全球南部和拉丁美洲的角度,与商业和人权文献进行对话。它与Gwynne Skinner关于克服公司侵犯人权司法补救障碍的专著相结合。斯金纳认为,如果这些侵权行为的受害者由于机构薄弱或腐败等因素而无法在侵权行为发生的国家获得补救,那么受害者有权在公司所在国和他们可能开展业务的国家——特别是美国、加拿大和欧洲——获得补救。斯金纳建议在这些国家引入新的立法,以确保其法院根据国际人权法有权审理案件,即使这些案件与论坛国家几乎没有联系。我认为,更强有力的国际法和跨学科方法表明,仅凭国际人权法就为这些建议提供了薄弱的基础。我还反思了支持斯金纳论点的部分叙述,该论点建立了发展中国家法院的负面形象,认为这是不必要的,扩大管辖权的基础应该基于具体而有力的理由。
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引用次数: 2
Introduction 介绍
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.1017/s0021223721000303
M. Shaw, Y. Shany, Y. Ronen
In line with the Israel Law Review's long tradition, and after a COVID-19-imposed hiatus, we are pleased to feature in this issue the 2021 Lionel Cohen lecture by Lord Andrew Burrows, Justice of the UK Supreme Court. Sufyan Droubi's review essay, ‘An Interdisciplinary Dialogue with the Business and Human Rights Literature’, draws on scholarship concerning international law, inequality and energy justice, in order to engage with Gwynne Skinner's Transnational Corporations and Human Rights: Overcoming Barriers to Judicial Remedy (Cambridge University Press 2020) and in order to examine the literature with regard to business and human rights, particularly from the perspective of the global south and Latin America. [...]it is our pleasure to conclude this introduction with the announcement that the 2020 Israel Law Review Prize has been awarded to Tomer Levinger for his article ‘Denying the Right of Return as a Crime Against Humanity’, published in issue 54(2).
根据《以色列法律评论》的悠久传统,在经历了新冠疫情造成的中断后,我们很高兴在本期中报道2021年英国最高法院大法官安德鲁·伯罗斯勋爵的莱昂内尔·科恩演讲。Sufyan Droubi的评论文章《与商业和人权文献的跨学科对话》借鉴了有关国际法、不平等和能源正义的学术成果,为了参与Gwynne Skinner的《跨国公司与人权:克服司法补救的障碍》(剑桥大学出版社,2020年),并审查有关商业和人权的文献,特别是从全球南部和拉丁美洲的角度。[…]我们很高兴在结束介绍时宣布,2020年以色列法律评论奖授予Tomer Levinger,表彰他发表在第54(2)期的文章《否认返回权是危害人类罪》。
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引用次数: 0
Israeli Pre-Transitional Justice and the Nakba Law – CORRIGENDUM 以色列过渡前司法与Nakba法——CORRIGENDUM
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-24 DOI: 10.1017/s0021223721000327
Yoav Kapshuk, Lisa Strömbom
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引用次数: 0
ISR volume 54 issue 3 Cover and Front matter ISR第54卷第3期封面和封面
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0021223721000236
Y. Shany, Y. Ronen
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引用次数: 0
ISR volume 54 issue 3 Cover and Back matter ISR第54卷第3期封面和封底
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0021223721000248
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引用次数: 0
R2P and Empire: On Dan Kovalik's No More War: How the West Violates International Law by Using ‘Humanitarian’ Intervention to Advance Economic and Strategic Interests, and How Principled Realism Will Reduce Domination Around the World R2P与帝国:论Dan Kovalik的《不再战争》:西方如何利用“人道主义”干预来促进经济和战略利益而违反国际法,以及原则现实主义将如何减少世界各地的主导地位
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0021223721000212
Boleslaw Z. Kabala, M. Hallgarth
In his impassioned No More War: How the West Violates International Law by Using ‘Humanitarian’ Intervention to Advance Economic and Strategic Interests, human rights lawyer Dan Kovalik makes the case that the recently considered responsibility to protect (R2P) doctrine, which allows for humanitarian intervention in narrowly defined circumstances, is legally and morally untenable. Humanitarian interventions of this kind, Kovalik argues, mask the true imperial interests of those who intervene and perpetuate a colonial legacy of northern domination of the global south. No More War bridges academic and popular discourse, making it an informative read for those involved in the theoretical and legal study of international relations and for policymakers in the field. Nevertheless, Kovalik's book would benefit from a sharper distinction between international norms and laws. Although the impact of the R2P documents on international law is debatable, there is little controversy that the norm surrounding humanitarian intervention has changed. Moreover, as we show, there are reasons to believe that the law has changed as well. Kovalik's book would also have benefited from omitting a number of polemical points, which may alienate readers who might otherwise agree with his core theses.
人权律师Dan Kovalik在其慷慨激昂的《不再战争:西方如何利用“人道主义”干预来促进经济和战略利益违反国际法》一书中指出,最近考虑的保护责任原则(R2P)在法律和道德上都是站不住脚的,该原则允许在狭义的情况下进行人道主义干预。科瓦利克认为,这种人道主义干预掩盖了那些进行干预的人的真正帝国利益,并延续了北方统治全球南方的殖民遗产。《不再有战争》是学术和大众话语的桥梁,使其成为参与国际关系理论和法律研究的人以及该领域决策者的一本信息丰富的读物。尽管如此,科瓦利克的书将受益于国际规范和法律之间更清晰的区别。尽管保护责任文件对国际法的影响是有争议的,但围绕人道主义干预的规范已经改变,这一点几乎没有争议。此外,正如我们所表明的,有理由相信法律也发生了变化。科瓦利克的书也会受益于省略了一些争论点,这可能会疏远那些可能同意他的核心论点的读者。
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引用次数: 0
The Rights of the Families of Missing Persons: Going Beyond International Humanitarian Law 失踪人员家属的权利:超越国际人道主义法
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1017/s0021223721000182
Grażyna Baranowska
The main aim of the article is to test how states implement international humanitarian law (IHL) with regard to the families of missing persons. The article shows relevant IHL shortcomings and compares them with rules applicable in cases of enforced disappearance. The national legislation collected in the section titled ‘The Missing and Their Families’ of the National Implementation Database of the International Committee of the Red Cross is then examined. The analysis addresses three core questions that are particularly relevant for families of missing persons: (1) Who is considered a missing person under each law? Approaching this question allows the testing of whether states follow the understanding of ‘missing persons’ under IHL treaty law. The second and third questions address two issues that are crucial for families of missing persons that are not addressed in IHL: (2) How is the legal status of the missing person regulated? (3) Are family members provided with measures of reparation and/or assistance? This approach reveals that states rarely apply the IHL understanding of ‘missing persons’ and predominantly exceed IHL by addressing some of the identified shortcomings. It further shows that states provide families of missing persons either with reparation measures – in cases of human rights violations – or, less often, with measures of assistance in post-conflict situations.
本文的主要目的是检验各国如何在失踪人员家属问题上实施国际人道法。本文展示了国际人道法的相关缺陷,并将其与适用于强迫失踪案件的规则进行了比较。然后审查红十字国际委员会国家执行数据库题为“失踪者及其家属”一节所收集的国家立法。该分析解决了与失踪人员家庭特别相关的三个核心问题:(1)根据每项法律,谁被视为失踪人员?解决这个问题可以检验各国是否遵循国际人道法条约法对“失踪人员”的理解。第二个和第三个问题涉及对失踪人员家庭至关重要的两个问题,而这两个问题在国际人道法中没有得到解决:(2)如何规范失踪人员的法律地位?(3)是否向家庭成员提供补偿和/或援助措施?这一方法表明,各国很少适用国际人道法对“失踪人员”的理解,而主要是通过解决一些已确定的缺陷来超越国际人道法。报告进一步表明,各国要么向失踪人员家属提供赔偿措施- -在人权受到侵犯的情况下- -或在较少情况下向冲突后局势提供援助措施。
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引用次数: 0
Boxing Pandora: Rethinking Borders, States, and Secession in a Democratic World Timothy William Waters Yale University Press, 2020, 320 pp, $38 hb, ISBN 9780300235890 拳击潘多拉:重新思考民主世界中的边界、国家和分裂蒂莫西·威廉·沃特斯耶鲁大学出版社,2020,320页,38 hb美元,ISBN 9780300235890
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-14 DOI: 10.1017/s0021223721000170
M. Sterio
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引用次数: 1
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ISRAEL LAW REVIEW
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