Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1348672
Jemaa BOJOD, Bilgehan ERKAL
Distributed energy resources (DERs) are a better choice to meet load demand close to load centers. Optimal DER placement and DER ratings lead to power loss reduction, voltage profile improvement, environmental friendliness, dependability, and postponement of system changes. This study uses artificial neural networks and the Chameleon Optimization Algorithm to analyze the best integration of renewable energy sources and electric vehicles in distribution feeders to reduce power loss, regulate voltage levels, and decrease the cost and emissions under unpredictable load demand. In this study, the generated output power of the models is compared to solar photovoltaic generation systems and wind turbine generation systems. As a result, a fitness function with several objectives has been developed to reduce total active power loss while also reducing total cost and emissions generation. The study took into account the influence of EV charging/discharging behavior on the distribution system. The 28-bus rural distribution network in feeders is used to test the suggested methodology. Final analysis of the numerical results showed that the Artificial Neural Network and Chameleon Optimization Algorithms outperformed in terms of power loss (440.94 kw) and average purchase of real power (2224 kw), but these parameters do not favor the other optimization algorithms. This showed that the proposed strategy is both viable and effective.
{"title":"YSA ve Bukalemun Optimizasyon Algoritmalarına Dayalı DER'lerde Tekno Ekonomik için Pratik Radyal Dağıtım Besleyicisi","authors":"Jemaa BOJOD, Bilgehan ERKAL","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1348672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1348672","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed energy resources (DERs) are a better choice to meet load demand close to load centers. Optimal DER placement and DER ratings lead to power loss reduction, voltage profile improvement, environmental friendliness, dependability, and postponement of system changes. This study uses artificial neural networks and the Chameleon Optimization Algorithm to analyze the best integration of renewable energy sources and electric vehicles in distribution feeders to reduce power loss, regulate voltage levels, and decrease the cost and emissions under unpredictable load demand. In this study, the generated output power of the models is compared to solar photovoltaic generation systems and wind turbine generation systems. As a result, a fitness function with several objectives has been developed to reduce total active power loss while also reducing total cost and emissions generation. The study took into account the influence of EV charging/discharging behavior on the distribution system. The 28-bus rural distribution network in feeders is used to test the suggested methodology. Final analysis of the numerical results showed that the Artificial Neural Network and Chameleon Optimization Algorithms outperformed in terms of power loss (440.94 kw) and average purchase of real power (2224 kw), but these parameters do not favor the other optimization algorithms. This showed that the proposed strategy is both viable and effective.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1348121
Ekin EKİNCİ, Zeynep GARİP, Kasım SERBEST
The categorization of hand gestures holds significant importance in controlling orthotic and prosthetic devices, enabling human-machine interaction, and facilitating telerehabilitation applications. For many years, methods of motion analysis based on image processing techniques have been employed to detect hand motions. However, recent research has focused on utilizing muscle contraction for detecting hand movements. Specifically, there has been an increase in studies that classify hand movements using surface electromyography (sEMG) data from the muscles of the hand and arm. In our study, we estimated the open (extension of the fingers) and closed (flexion of the fingers) positions of the hand by analyzing EMG data obtained from 4 volunteer participants' Extensor digitorum and Flexor carpi radialis muscles. In order to accurately discriminate EMG signals, various statistical measures such as variance, standard deviation, root mean square, average energy, minimum and maximum features were utilized. The dataset containing these additional features was then subjected to classification algorithms including Support Vector Machines (SVM), K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), and Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB) for the purpose of classifying hand positions into open or closed states. Among the tested algorithms, SVM achieved the highest success rate with a maximum accuracy of 73.1%, while KNN yielded the lowest success rate at a minimum accuracy of 55.9%. To further enhance prediction accuracy in future studies, it is suggested that data from a larger set of muscles be collected.
{"title":"Electromyography based hand movement classification and feature extraction using machine learning algorithms","authors":"Ekin EKİNCİ, Zeynep GARİP, Kasım SERBEST","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1348121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1348121","url":null,"abstract":"The categorization of hand gestures holds significant importance in controlling orthotic and prosthetic devices, enabling human-machine interaction, and facilitating telerehabilitation applications. For many years, methods of motion analysis based on image processing techniques have been employed to detect hand motions. However, recent research has focused on utilizing muscle contraction for detecting hand movements. Specifically, there has been an increase in studies that classify hand movements using surface electromyography (sEMG) data from the muscles of the hand and arm. In our study, we estimated the open (extension of the fingers) and closed (flexion of the fingers) positions of the hand by analyzing EMG data obtained from 4 volunteer participants' Extensor digitorum and Flexor carpi radialis muscles. In order to accurately discriminate EMG signals, various statistical measures such as variance, standard deviation, root mean square, average energy, minimum and maximum features were utilized. The dataset containing these additional features was then subjected to classification algorithms including Support Vector Machines (SVM), K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), and Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB) for the purpose of classifying hand positions into open or closed states. Among the tested algorithms, SVM achieved the highest success rate with a maximum accuracy of 73.1%, while KNN yielded the lowest success rate at a minimum accuracy of 55.9%. To further enhance prediction accuracy in future studies, it is suggested that data from a larger set of muscles be collected.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1307668
Paula MARASOVİĆ, Dragana KOPITAR, Ružica BRUNŠEK, Ivana SCHWARZ
The nonwoven mulches produced from regenerated viscose and PLA fibres as well as conventional agro foil were placed on the soil by randomly arranged blocks of four replication plots. After 50 days, the soil samples beneath each mulch and on the control field were collected, where the bacteria and fungi population as well as the physio-chemical properties of the soil were measured. The severe reduction in bacterial population in soil under the agro foil and mulches made of PLA fibres occurs due to the prevalence of high soil temperature. The bacterial population of soil beneath the mulches made of viscose fibre significantly increased due to favourable anaerobic conditions, respectively soil temperature and moisture. Under all mulches, compared to the control field, a higher fungal population was observed. The fungal population under the nonwoven mulch produced by viscose fibres was 161% higher in comparison to the control field. The available nutrient contents of soils under the nonwoven mulches were higher compared to the control field. The control field showed higher available nutrient contents of soil than the field covered by conventional agro foil.
The results of the study reveal that usage of nonwoven mulches made of viscose fibres is most appropriate for short-term mulching application since successfully increases microbial population and improves the physio-chemical properties of soil.
{"title":"Selüloz ve PLA Biyopolimer Nonwoven Malçların Toprak Sağlığına Etkisi","authors":"Paula MARASOVİĆ, Dragana KOPITAR, Ružica BRUNŠEK, Ivana SCHWARZ","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1307668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1307668","url":null,"abstract":"The nonwoven mulches produced from regenerated viscose and PLA fibres as well as conventional agro foil were placed on the soil by randomly arranged blocks of four replication plots. After 50 days, the soil samples beneath each mulch and on the control field were collected, where the bacteria and fungi population as well as the physio-chemical properties of the soil were measured. The severe reduction in bacterial population in soil under the agro foil and mulches made of PLA fibres occurs due to the prevalence of high soil temperature. The bacterial population of soil beneath the mulches made of viscose fibre significantly increased due to favourable anaerobic conditions, respectively soil temperature and moisture. Under all mulches, compared to the control field, a higher fungal population was observed. The fungal population under the nonwoven mulch produced by viscose fibres was 161% higher in comparison to the control field. The available nutrient contents of soils under the nonwoven mulches were higher compared to the control field. The control field showed higher available nutrient contents of soil than the field covered by conventional agro foil.
 The results of the study reveal that usage of nonwoven mulches made of viscose fibres is most appropriate for short-term mulching application since successfully increases microbial population and improves the physio-chemical properties of soil.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135257644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Core-sheath nanofibers are being developed with coaxial electrospinning for use in drug release studies. In this study, nanofiber structures were developed as hydrophobic PCL in the sheath and hydrophilic PVP in the core. The effect of polymer concentrations on fiber structure and water contact angle was observed by forming two different test groups. In the first group, fiber diameters were observed to decrease depending on viscosity as the polymer concentration decreased from 10% PCL / 10% PVP to 6% PCL / 6% PVP. It was also observed that the contact angle decreased from 104.3° to 57.61° as the concentration decreased. In the second group, the shell polymer ratio was kept constant as 10% wt PCL, while the core polymer ratio was decreased to 10 %, 8% and 6%. It was observed that the core polymer in the structure became hydrophilic as its viscosity decreased. Compared to the first group, the decrease in the contact angles of the surfaces was less since the shell polymer ratio was kept constant. Contact angles decreased from 104.3° to 96.29°.
{"title":"The Effect Of Polymer Concentration On Coaxial Electrospinning Of Pvp/Pcl Core-Sheath Nanofibers","authors":"Fatma Banu NERGİS, Nebahat ARAL YILMAZ, Nursema PALA AVCI","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1307935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1307935","url":null,"abstract":"Core-sheath nanofibers are being developed with coaxial electrospinning for use in drug release studies. In this study, nanofiber structures were developed as hydrophobic PCL in the sheath and hydrophilic PVP in the core. The effect of polymer concentrations on fiber structure and water contact angle was observed by forming two different test groups. In the first group, fiber diameters were observed to decrease depending on viscosity as the polymer concentration decreased from 10% PCL / 10% PVP to 6% PCL / 6% PVP. It was also observed that the contact angle decreased from 104.3° to 57.61° as the concentration decreased. In the second group, the shell polymer ratio was kept constant as 10% wt PCL, while the core polymer ratio was decreased to 10 %, 8% and 6%. It was observed that the core polymer in the structure became hydrophilic as its viscosity decreased. Compared to the first group, the decrease in the contact angles of the surfaces was less since the shell polymer ratio was kept constant. Contact angles decreased from 104.3° to 96.29°.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135786944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1199586
Adife Şeyda YARGIÇ, Bünyamin EREN, Nurgül ÖZBAY
In this work, two hot-forged cast materials that are often used in the automobile sector were employed to produce cast elements with enhanced corrosion performance at low microns by combining two forms of cost-effective coatings (zinc + cataphoresis). In the context of the investigation, firstly 5-8 µm or 12-15 µm zinc-coating in an alkaline (Zn, Zn-Fe, Zn-Ni) or an acidic (Zn, Zn-Ni) environment, followed by 20-25 µm cataphoresis-coating were performed on GGG40 cast-parts. Ink, hogabom, shock, pull-off adhesion, water resistance, salt spray, stone impact, cyclic-corrosion, and scab-corrosion performance tests were implemented for characterization. In addition, the zinc-coating thickness and the phosphate-crystal appearance were evaluated in the x-ray diffraction laminography instrument and the scanning electron microscope. The tensile strengths were determined by the pull-off adhesion test between 171 and 433 psi. The coating thicknesses of zinc-coated parts in alkaline and acidic environments were assigned in the range of 5.88-7.18 µm and 12.10-12.96 µm. Due to the characterization results; it was deduced that the cataphoresis-coating after all zinc-based-coatings under alkaline medium did not afford the required quality and corrosion protection, while cast parts coated under acidic medium before cataphoresis-coating gave appropriate corrosion performance, thus the low-cost coatings could be performed with the eligible properties.
{"title":"Çinko-Esaslı Kaplamanın Kataforez Prosesi ile Desteklenerek Kaplama Özelliklerinin Geliştirilmesi: Asitlik ve Kaplama Kalınlığının Kaplama Kalitesine Etkisi","authors":"Adife Şeyda YARGIÇ, Bünyamin EREN, Nurgül ÖZBAY","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1199586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1199586","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, two hot-forged cast materials that are often used in the automobile sector were employed to produce cast elements with enhanced corrosion performance at low microns by combining two forms of cost-effective coatings (zinc + cataphoresis). In the context of the investigation, firstly 5-8 µm or 12-15 µm zinc-coating in an alkaline (Zn, Zn-Fe, Zn-Ni) or an acidic (Zn, Zn-Ni) environment, followed by 20-25 µm cataphoresis-coating were performed on GGG40 cast-parts. Ink, hogabom, shock, pull-off adhesion, water resistance, salt spray, stone impact, cyclic-corrosion, and scab-corrosion performance tests were implemented for characterization. In addition, the zinc-coating thickness and the phosphate-crystal appearance were evaluated in the x-ray diffraction laminography instrument and the scanning electron microscope. The tensile strengths were determined by the pull-off adhesion test between 171 and 433 psi. The coating thicknesses of zinc-coated parts in alkaline and acidic environments were assigned in the range of 5.88-7.18 µm and 12.10-12.96 µm. Due to the characterization results; it was deduced that the cataphoresis-coating after all zinc-based-coatings under alkaline medium did not afford the required quality and corrosion protection, while cast parts coated under acidic medium before cataphoresis-coating gave appropriate corrosion performance, thus the low-cost coatings could be performed with the eligible properties.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135935942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1299063
Sevda KAZEMZADEHMARAND, Adnan SÖZEN
Solar trackers maximize solar radiation collection but are less commonly used due to their high cost, maintenance requirements, and the additional expenses associated with monthly angle adjustments. This paper proposes optimizing solar energy absorption by determining the optimal tilt for fixed-site solar panels in Turkey. It introduces an equation developed with artificial neural networks to forecast the ideal angle based on five location-specific features. Input variables, training procedures, and network design significantly impact the accuracy of Neural Network models' predictions. MATLAB software created three distinct ANN models for this investigation, each employing unique training setups and procedures. Matlab graphs guided the selection of algorithms and models based on minimizing MAE and RMSE while maximizing the linear correlation coefficient (R). The RMSE value obtained according to the calculations was 3.5881e^(-6), and the R value was 0.99998. The network's estimated data was compared to the training and testing cosθ data, yielding an RMSE error of 0.43% and an R2 value of 0.99978, indicating high accuracy. The average annual optimum inclination angles for the studied cities are as follows: Ankara (35.18°), Antalya (34.29°), Ağrı (34.91°), İstanbul (34.50°), Sivas (34.96°), İzmir (35.19°), Sinop (35.06°), and Gaziantep (34.97°).
{"title":"DETERMINING THE OPTIMUM PHOTOVOLTAIC INSTALLATION ANGLE FOR PROVINCES IN TURKEY","authors":"Sevda KAZEMZADEHMARAND, Adnan SÖZEN","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1299063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1299063","url":null,"abstract":"Solar trackers maximize solar radiation collection but are less commonly used due to their high cost, maintenance requirements, and the additional expenses associated with monthly angle adjustments. This paper proposes optimizing solar energy absorption by determining the optimal tilt for fixed-site solar panels in Turkey. It introduces an equation developed with artificial neural networks to forecast the ideal angle based on five location-specific features. Input variables, training procedures, and network design significantly impact the accuracy of Neural Network models' predictions. MATLAB software created three distinct ANN models for this investigation, each employing unique training setups and procedures. Matlab graphs guided the selection of algorithms and models based on minimizing MAE and RMSE while maximizing the linear correlation coefficient (R). The RMSE value obtained according to the calculations was 3.5881e^(-6), and the R value was 0.99998. The network's estimated data was compared to the training and testing cosθ data, yielding an RMSE error of 0.43% and an R2 value of 0.99978, indicating high accuracy. The average annual optimum inclination angles for the studied cities are as follows: Ankara (35.18°), Antalya (34.29°), Ağrı (34.91°), İstanbul (34.50°), Sivas (34.96°), İzmir (35.19°), Sinop (35.06°), and Gaziantep (34.97°).","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135935450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-09DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1326256
Güray SONUGÜR
Doğru Akım (DA) motor hız denetleyicilerinde bozucu etkilere karşı direnç gösterme ve her türlü dış etki karşısında referans noktasını en az hata ile takip etmek kritik öneme sahiptir. DA motorlarda en sık karşılaşılan bozucu etki ani yük değişimleridir. Bu nedenle denetleyicilerin ani yük değişimlerine karşı hızlı ve etkili bir yanıt oluşturulması ve referans değerden en az sapmayı gerçekleştirmesi gerekir. Bu çalışmada DA motorlarda meydana gelebilecek ani yük değişimlerine karşı model tabanlı ve veri güdümlü yöntemlerin yanıtları analiz edilmiştir. Veri güdümlü kontrol (VGK), denetleyiciyi tasarlamak ve optimize etmek için toplanan giriş-çıkış verilerini kullanan öğrenme tabanlı bir kontrol yöntemidir. Model tabanlı kontrol (MTK) yönteminde ise, kontrol edilecek sistemin matematiksel modeli hesaplanır. Çalışma kapsamında model tabanlı yöntem olarak Oransal-İntegral-Türev (PID), veri güdümlü yöntemler olarak yapay sinir ağları (YSA) ve kontrol süreçlerinde zaman serilerini de dikkate alan dışsal girdili otoregresif sinir ağları (NARX) denetleyiciler incelenmiştir. Böylece DA motor hız kontrolünde model tabanlı, veri güdümlü ve veri güdümlü + zaman serili olmak üzere üç farklı yaklaşımın performansları incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalarda simülasyon değil gerçek motorlar kullanılmış ve deneyler 100 rpm (DAM1) ve 300 rpm (DAM2) hızına sahip kalıcı mıknatıslı DA motorlar kullanılarak gerçek zamanlı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, toplam normalize hata, yükselme zamanı ve maksimum yüzde aşma performans ölçütleri kullanılarak sunulmuş ve yöntemlerin başarılı ve başarısız yönleri tartışılmıştır.
{"title":"Analysis of the Sudden Load Change Responses of the Data-Driven Control and Model-Based Control Methods for DC Motor Control","authors":"Güray SONUGÜR","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1326256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1326256","url":null,"abstract":"Doğru Akım (DA) motor hız denetleyicilerinde bozucu etkilere karşı direnç gösterme ve her türlü dış etki karşısında referans noktasını en az hata ile takip etmek kritik öneme sahiptir. DA motorlarda en sık karşılaşılan bozucu etki ani yük değişimleridir. Bu nedenle denetleyicilerin ani yük değişimlerine karşı hızlı ve etkili bir yanıt oluşturulması ve referans değerden en az sapmayı gerçekleştirmesi gerekir. Bu çalışmada DA motorlarda meydana gelebilecek ani yük değişimlerine karşı model tabanlı ve veri güdümlü yöntemlerin yanıtları analiz edilmiştir. Veri güdümlü kontrol (VGK), denetleyiciyi tasarlamak ve optimize etmek için toplanan giriş-çıkış verilerini kullanan öğrenme tabanlı bir kontrol yöntemidir. Model tabanlı kontrol (MTK) yönteminde ise, kontrol edilecek sistemin matematiksel modeli hesaplanır. Çalışma kapsamında model tabanlı yöntem olarak Oransal-İntegral-Türev (PID), veri güdümlü yöntemler olarak yapay sinir ağları (YSA) ve kontrol süreçlerinde zaman serilerini de dikkate alan dışsal girdili otoregresif sinir ağları (NARX) denetleyiciler incelenmiştir. Böylece DA motor hız kontrolünde model tabanlı, veri güdümlü ve veri güdümlü + zaman serili olmak üzere üç farklı yaklaşımın performansları incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalarda simülasyon değil gerçek motorlar kullanılmış ve deneyler 100 rpm (DAM1) ve 300 rpm (DAM2) hızına sahip kalıcı mıknatıslı DA motorlar kullanılarak gerçek zamanlı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, toplam normalize hata, yükselme zamanı ve maksimum yüzde aşma performans ölçütleri kullanılarak sunulmuş ve yöntemlerin başarılı ve başarısız yönleri tartışılmıştır.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136193509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1302976
Göknur KAYATAŞ ONGUN, Mustafa AKTAŞ, Bahadir ACAR, Prof. Dr. Mehmet ÖZKAYMAK
In this study done, by providing the hot air drying of Kanlıca mushroom collected from Karabuk city; prevention of aflatoxin occurrence, shelf life extension, taking precaution against early putrefaction and decomposition, protection of the beneficent aromas in its content have been ensured. As the dried product, Kanlıca mushroom, the most consumed endemic plant spicy in terms of the vitamin and the mineral that it contains among the mushroom groups, has been used. By means of hot air drying, drying has been done at five different (30oC, 40oC, 50oC, 60oC and 70oC) temperatures. The best result in terms of water activity, colour changes, energy consumption and drying duration has been obtained in the experiments at 50oC. The water activity values of products (fresh mushroom water activity: 0,983 aw) dried in hot air drying processes have been found in 0,429 and 0,173 interval (in literature lower than 0,6) and according to the colour analysis experiments result, L*, a*, b*, C*, Ho, ∆E, BI values of Kanlıca mushroom dried at different temperatures have been calculated. According to the result of the analyses, it has been detected that the preservation of mushrooms by freezing and hot air drying is appropriate.
{"title":"Drying Of Kanlıca Mushroom By The Hot Air Drying Method And The Investigations Of Its Effects On Its Quality","authors":"Göknur KAYATAŞ ONGUN, Mustafa AKTAŞ, Bahadir ACAR, Prof. Dr. Mehmet ÖZKAYMAK","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1302976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1302976","url":null,"abstract":"In this study done, by providing the hot air drying of Kanlıca mushroom collected from Karabuk city; prevention of aflatoxin occurrence, shelf life extension, taking precaution against early putrefaction and decomposition, protection of the beneficent aromas in its content have been ensured. As the dried product, Kanlıca mushroom, the most consumed endemic plant spicy in terms of the vitamin and the mineral that it contains among the mushroom groups, has been used. By means of hot air drying, drying has been done at five different (30oC, 40oC, 50oC, 60oC and 70oC) temperatures. The best result in terms of water activity, colour changes, energy consumption and drying duration has been obtained in the experiments at 50oC. The water activity values of products (fresh mushroom water activity: 0,983 aw) dried in hot air drying processes have been found in 0,429 and 0,173 interval (in literature lower than 0,6) and according to the colour analysis experiments result, L*, a*, b*, C*, Ho, ∆E, BI values of Kanlıca mushroom dried at different temperatures have been calculated. According to the result of the analyses, it has been detected that the preservation of mushrooms by freezing and hot air drying is appropriate.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1327964
Pedro Juan ROİG, Salvador ALCARAZ, Katja GILLY, Cristina BERNAD, Carlos JUİZ
IoT deployments are growing exponentially, leading to a huge increase in edge computing facilities. In order to cope with such a demand, data centers need to get customized for the specific requirements of edge computing, such as a small number of physical servers and the ability to scale and unscale according to the traffic flows running at a given time. In this context, artificial intelligence plays a key part as it may anticipate when traffic throughput will increase or otherwise by scrutinizing current traffic whilst considering other factors like historical data and network baselines. In this paper, a dynamic framework is outlined based on toroidal k-ary grids so as to organize and optimize small data centers, allowing them to increase or decrease according to the current and predicted capacity of IoT-generated traffic flows.
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Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.2339/politeknik.1243525
Sedanur BALTA, Hakan ÖZBAŞARAN
Bilgisayar ile otomatik tasarım bir tasarımın bilgisayar tarafından ve insan müdahalesi olmadan gerçekleştirilmesidir. Eşzamanlı boyut, şekil ve topoloji optimizasyonu konusunda yapılan çalışmalar, bilgisayar ile otomatik tasarımın, bilgisayar destekli tasarımın yerini almaya hazırlandığını göstermektedir. Eşzamanlı boyut, şekil ve topoloji optimizasyonu konusunda sunulan çoğu çalışma, önerdiği optimizasyon yönteminin (veya yöntem iyileştirmesinin) performansını popüler test problemleri ile ölçmektedir. Bu test problemleri, kabul edilebilir sürelerde çözülebilmelerini mümkün kılmak amacıyla bir takım basitleştirmeler kullanılarak tasarlanmışlardır; ve bu sebeple gerçek dünya problemlerini temsil edememektedirler. Dahası, söz edilen problemlerin çoğunda sadece yapısal kısıtlar göz önünde bulundurulur ve yapım kısıtları ihmal edilir. Yapısal kısıtlar kullanılan malzeme (gerilme, şekil değiştirme vb.) ve taşıyıcı sistem davranışı (düğüm yer değiştirmesi, global burkulma vb.) ile ilgilidir. Yapım kısıtları ise sistemde kesişen elemanların bulunmaması ve bir düğüme çok sayıda elemanın bağlanmaması gibi sistemin imal edilmesini mümkün kılan kısıtlardır. Bu çalışmada düzlem kafes sistemlerin bilgisayar ile otomatik tasarımının gerçek hesaplama yükü tartışılmıştır. Burada “gerçek hesaplama yükü” ifadesi ile anlatılmak istenen, gerçek dünya problemlerinde olmayan basitleştirici kısıtların bulunmadığı ve yapısal kısıtların yanında yapım kısıtlarının da hesaba katıldığı tasarım problemlerine yakın-optimal çözümler aramak için harcanan işlem gücüdür. Kafes sistemlerin optimizasyonu için uygun olduğu daha önce yapılan çalışmalarla gösterilmiş parametresiz bir metasezgisel algoritma kullanılarak sayısal deneyler yapılmış ve sonuçlar tartışılmıştır.
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