Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.1177/0169796X221098447
Iryna Bukrieieva, L. Afanasieva
This article is about the territorial identity of the inhabitants of Melitopol, Ukraine. It focuses on measuring markers of this identity: emotional attachment (proud of the city; love for the city); knowledge of its historical and cultural heritage; city patriotism and citizenship; the density of social communications; and social trust. It reports on results of a representative sociological study “The Markers of Self-Identification of Melitopol Residents,” which was aimed at identifying identities capable of forming a collective identity for this city. This study revealed that there are effective conditions in the city for the formation of a collective territorial identity, namely: There is affinity with its physical space; a significant portion of residents are interested in city issues, which is the basis for forming groups and associations based on common interests within the local community; and there are dense social communications in the media space of the city. On the other hand, the study also found that the city’s historical and cultural heritage are not effective factors of the city’s identity. The authors conclude the consolidation of the city’s identity needs to takes place around contemporary events and circumstances; hence, there is a need to make the city a more useful social space with infrastructure that meets the contemporary needs and interests of its residents. The study also reveals that in Melitopol, like the whole of Ukrainian society, there is a lack of social trust, largely due to the post Soviet Union distrust of political institutions both at the national and local levels. At the same time, there is considerable interest in the consolidation of various social groups and the formation of social trust.
{"title":"The Markers of Territorial Identity in Melitopol, Ukraine","authors":"Iryna Bukrieieva, L. Afanasieva","doi":"10.1177/0169796X221098447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X221098447","url":null,"abstract":"This article is about the territorial identity of the inhabitants of Melitopol, Ukraine. It focuses on measuring markers of this identity: emotional attachment (proud of the city; love for the city); knowledge of its historical and cultural heritage; city patriotism and citizenship; the density of social communications; and social trust. It reports on results of a representative sociological study “The Markers of Self-Identification of Melitopol Residents,” which was aimed at identifying identities capable of forming a collective identity for this city. This study revealed that there are effective conditions in the city for the formation of a collective territorial identity, namely: There is affinity with its physical space; a significant portion of residents are interested in city issues, which is the basis for forming groups and associations based on common interests within the local community; and there are dense social communications in the media space of the city. On the other hand, the study also found that the city’s historical and cultural heritage are not effective factors of the city’s identity. The authors conclude the consolidation of the city’s identity needs to takes place around contemporary events and circumstances; hence, there is a need to make the city a more useful social space with infrastructure that meets the contemporary needs and interests of its residents. The study also reveals that in Melitopol, like the whole of Ukrainian society, there is a lack of social trust, largely due to the post Soviet Union distrust of political institutions both at the national and local levels. At the same time, there is considerable interest in the consolidation of various social groups and the formation of social trust.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46850991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-17DOI: 10.1177/0169796X221085036
J. Castillo, A. Webb, Andrés Biehl
This article investigates vulnerabilities in transitions from secondary and tertiary education to work among the indigenous Mapuche youth in Chile. The study draws from a 2014 social survey and qualitative in-depth interviews of indigenous students in secondary and higher education focused on the magnitude of accumulative disadvantages and the decision processes involved in their choice of future life-paths. Despite socioeconomic convergence with the non-Mapuche population, the results reveal the importance of urban economic conditions and previous educational disadvantages in shaping the aspirations of Mapuche youth.
{"title":"Mapuche Transitions from Education to Work: Vulnerable Transitions and Unequal Outcomes","authors":"J. Castillo, A. Webb, Andrés Biehl","doi":"10.1177/0169796X221085036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X221085036","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates vulnerabilities in transitions from secondary and tertiary education to work among the indigenous Mapuche youth in Chile. The study draws from a 2014 social survey and qualitative in-depth interviews of indigenous students in secondary and higher education focused on the magnitude of accumulative disadvantages and the decision processes involved in their choice of future life-paths. Despite socioeconomic convergence with the non-Mapuche population, the results reveal the importance of urban economic conditions and previous educational disadvantages in shaping the aspirations of Mapuche youth.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41444567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-14DOI: 10.1177/0169796X221089463
Niek van de Pas, David de Kort, M. Koster, T. Meijl
In recent years, a growing number of scholars have highlighted the presence of urban informality in the Global North. Although we applaud this development, we deplore that this body of literature is characterized by analytical ambiguity and fragmented discussions. More specifically, the literature often reduces or repudiates the political potential of urban informality by (a) integrating it into the formal, (b) mobilizing it for policy purposes, and/or (c) designating it as a “policy problem.” In this article, we examine the existing literature and rethink the concept of urban informality by discussing it in relation to Jacques Rancière’s distinction between “police” and “politics.” This distinction enables us to highlight the political potential of urban informality in the Global North.
{"title":"The Political Potential of Urban Informality in the Global North: A Rancièrian Perspective","authors":"Niek van de Pas, David de Kort, M. Koster, T. Meijl","doi":"10.1177/0169796X221089463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X221089463","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, a growing number of scholars have highlighted the presence of urban informality in the Global North. Although we applaud this development, we deplore that this body of literature is characterized by analytical ambiguity and fragmented discussions. More specifically, the literature often reduces or repudiates the political potential of urban informality by (a) integrating it into the formal, (b) mobilizing it for policy purposes, and/or (c) designating it as a “policy problem.” In this article, we examine the existing literature and rethink the concept of urban informality by discussing it in relation to Jacques Rancière’s distinction between “police” and “politics.” This distinction enables us to highlight the political potential of urban informality in the Global North.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46289910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-06DOI: 10.1177/0169796x221088339
P. Kamruzzaman
A major international donor conference for sustained support for the Rohingya refugees was convened on October 22, 2021. It was a virtual conference organized and co-hosted by the Secretary of State of the United States of America, the High Representative of Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of the European Union and the Vice-President of the European Commission, the Minister of State for South Asia and the Commonwealth of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. This article critically evaluates this important event and explores the extent to which this international aid donor conference was consistent with the main principles of international aid effectiveness. It provides a critical analysis of a large-scale donor conference which reveals gaps in the theories, promises and practices of international aid. The focus is on the ownership of aid policies and who determines the aid agenda in this case of the large number of Rohingya refugees who have fled persecution in Myanmar and sought refuge in Bangladesh.
{"title":"A Critical Analysis of the Conference on Sustaining Support for the Rohingya Refugees","authors":"P. Kamruzzaman","doi":"10.1177/0169796x221088339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x221088339","url":null,"abstract":"A major international donor conference for sustained support for the Rohingya refugees was convened on October 22, 2021. It was a virtual conference organized and co-hosted by the Secretary of State of the United States of America, the High Representative of Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of the European Union and the Vice-President of the European Commission, the Minister of State for South Asia and the Commonwealth of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. This article critically evaluates this important event and explores the extent to which this international aid donor conference was consistent with the main principles of international aid effectiveness. It provides a critical analysis of a large-scale donor conference which reveals gaps in the theories, promises and practices of international aid. The focus is on the ownership of aid policies and who determines the aid agenda in this case of the large number of Rohingya refugees who have fled persecution in Myanmar and sought refuge in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41660586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.1177/0169796X221085751
Miral Mansour, Basil H. Aboul-Enein, Ghadir Helal Salsa, N. Benajiba
This report stresses the importance of promoting capacity building and training of nutritionists and dietitians as vital strategies in addressing nutrition-related health problems and improving health outcomes in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT). Higher education institutions play a vital role in this process. The report identifies degree-granting nutrition programs available in OPT in both Arabic and English by carrying out an electronic review of universities and college websites, department web links, and academic program home pages. Out of the 52 accredited institutions in the OPT, 10 offered nutrition degree programs of which four are located in the Gaza Strip and six in the West Bank. Nutrition-affiliated programs included bachelor’s degrees in nutrition sciences and public health, health nutrition, nutrition and food technology, nutrition and dietetics, therapeutic nutrition, and nutrition and food processing. Two universities offered a master’s degree in clinical nutrition in addition to a bachelor’s program. None of the selected educational institutions offered a doctoral degree program. The number of universities in OPT offering bachelor’s degree in nutrition affiliated programs is relatively high as compared to neighboring Arab countries. Additional development of graduate programs to strengthen the dietetics/nutrition profession in OPT is warranted.
{"title":"Nutrition Programs of Higher Education in the Occupied Palestinian Territories: A Descriptive Snapshot","authors":"Miral Mansour, Basil H. Aboul-Enein, Ghadir Helal Salsa, N. Benajiba","doi":"10.1177/0169796X221085751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X221085751","url":null,"abstract":"This report stresses the importance of promoting capacity building and training of nutritionists and dietitians as vital strategies in addressing nutrition-related health problems and improving health outcomes in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT). Higher education institutions play a vital role in this process. The report identifies degree-granting nutrition programs available in OPT in both Arabic and English by carrying out an electronic review of universities and college websites, department web links, and academic program home pages. Out of the 52 accredited institutions in the OPT, 10 offered nutrition degree programs of which four are located in the Gaza Strip and six in the West Bank. Nutrition-affiliated programs included bachelor’s degrees in nutrition sciences and public health, health nutrition, nutrition and food technology, nutrition and dietetics, therapeutic nutrition, and nutrition and food processing. Two universities offered a master’s degree in clinical nutrition in addition to a bachelor’s program. None of the selected educational institutions offered a doctoral degree program. The number of universities in OPT offering bachelor’s degree in nutrition affiliated programs is relatively high as compared to neighboring Arab countries. Additional development of graduate programs to strengthen the dietetics/nutrition profession in OPT is warranted.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41893283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.1177/0169796X221085748
J. Onokwai, S. Matthews
Country ownership ostensibly gives aid-recipient countries more control over donor-funded programs. However, there is much debate both over the utility of the concept and its implementation. This article examines the operation of the Ghanaian Country Coordinating Mechanism (CCM) to determine to what extent the CCM enables country ownership. The CCM is a governance instrument designed to promote country ownership in relation to donor aid from the Global Fund, a key donor to the Ghanaian health sector. This case study shows that the operation of the Ghanaian CCM is reflective of conditional ownership, which limits recipient countries’ exercise of control over donor-funded programs.
{"title":"A Case Study of Country Ownership Over Donor Aid: The Global Fund and the Ghanaian Country Coordinating Mechanism","authors":"J. Onokwai, S. Matthews","doi":"10.1177/0169796X221085748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X221085748","url":null,"abstract":"Country ownership ostensibly gives aid-recipient countries more control over donor-funded programs. However, there is much debate both over the utility of the concept and its implementation. This article examines the operation of the Ghanaian Country Coordinating Mechanism (CCM) to determine to what extent the CCM enables country ownership. The CCM is a governance instrument designed to promote country ownership in relation to donor aid from the Global Fund, a key donor to the Ghanaian health sector. This case study shows that the operation of the Ghanaian CCM is reflective of conditional ownership, which limits recipient countries’ exercise of control over donor-funded programs.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43054182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.1177/0169796X211068398
Yahya M. Bah, Myrtati Dyah Artaria, M. Suen
This article provides a case study of child sex tourism (CST) in Surabaya, Indonesia. CST cases are difficult to surface because the victims of CST are such vulnerable human beings. Victims of CST need a variety of forms of support for their recovery and reintegration. This article contends that social, economic, political, technological, and individual factors cause CST. It examines the negative impacts of CST, which are medical, social, psychological, and physical in nature. It also reveals that the techniques used for CST recruitment are fake promises, debt bondage, emotional abuse, counterfeit love, drug addiction, physical abuse, gifts and favors. The elimination of CST calls for ending certain depraved cultural practices and beliefs, rehabilitation and reintegration of the victims, proactive anti-CST government policies and programs, enactment and effective enforcement of tough laws prohibiting CST, prosecution of the offenders, raising public awareness about the ills of CST, providing education for all children, the provision of national identification documents to all children, and strict border controls to prevent the trafficking of children for sex tourism.
{"title":"Child Sex Tourism: A Case Study in Surabaya, Indonesia","authors":"Yahya M. Bah, Myrtati Dyah Artaria, M. Suen","doi":"10.1177/0169796X211068398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X211068398","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a case study of child sex tourism (CST) in Surabaya, Indonesia. CST cases are difficult to surface because the victims of CST are such vulnerable human beings. Victims of CST need a variety of forms of support for their recovery and reintegration. This article contends that social, economic, political, technological, and individual factors cause CST. It examines the negative impacts of CST, which are medical, social, psychological, and physical in nature. It also reveals that the techniques used for CST recruitment are fake promises, debt bondage, emotional abuse, counterfeit love, drug addiction, physical abuse, gifts and favors. The elimination of CST calls for ending certain depraved cultural practices and beliefs, rehabilitation and reintegration of the victims, proactive anti-CST government policies and programs, enactment and effective enforcement of tough laws prohibiting CST, prosecution of the offenders, raising public awareness about the ills of CST, providing education for all children, the provision of national identification documents to all children, and strict border controls to prevent the trafficking of children for sex tourism.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44146754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-09DOI: 10.1177/0169796X211068451
B. Ghosh
This article critically examines how human life today is faced with issues of dishonesty and deception. Using the concept of post-truth in analyzing and understanding the context of change in a global society under neo-liberalism, it focuses on the way powerful people, groups, political parties, and media now take recourse to strategies such as falsification, manipulation, or deception to influence and control the human mind. Those involved in doing this use nostalgic narratives, idealize a fictional past and generate conspiracy theories to create false consciousness and thereby colonize the life world. Such colonization not only promotes social pathologies but also limits the democratic, secular, and plural spirits of multicultural nations like India. The article ends by arguing that there are limits to such politics and the best alternative to the conundrum is the assertion of human subjectivity and agency, and alternative media can play a major role in this endeavor.
{"title":"Politics of Manufacturing Consent in a Post-Truth Society","authors":"B. Ghosh","doi":"10.1177/0169796X211068451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X211068451","url":null,"abstract":"This article critically examines how human life today is faced with issues of dishonesty and deception. Using the concept of post-truth in analyzing and understanding the context of change in a global society under neo-liberalism, it focuses on the way powerful people, groups, political parties, and media now take recourse to strategies such as falsification, manipulation, or deception to influence and control the human mind. Those involved in doing this use nostalgic narratives, idealize a fictional past and generate conspiracy theories to create false consciousness and thereby colonize the life world. Such colonization not only promotes social pathologies but also limits the democratic, secular, and plural spirits of multicultural nations like India. The article ends by arguing that there are limits to such politics and the best alternative to the conundrum is the assertion of human subjectivity and agency, and alternative media can play a major role in this endeavor.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48184581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-25DOI: 10.1177/0169796X211065345
Y. Nadarajah, G. Mejía, S. Pattanayak, Srinivas Gomango, D. Rao, Mayura Ashok
The relevance of development studies has come under intense scrutiny with increasing calls for development education to decolonize its materials, pedagogies, and discursive practices. This article draws on a short-term study tour to India, where co-building a mud house with a tribal community and local university became a creative, intercultural site, encouraging reflexivity and learning through embodied insights. Such learnings “from” and “with” knowledges negated by Western modernity involve in essence decolonial pedagogies, enabling students to critically examine their own preconceived ideas of development, while building skills to meaningfully navigate the contested contemporary field. Study tours, we argue, have immense potential toward decolonizing development education.
{"title":"Toward Decolonizing Development Education: Study Tours as Embodied, Reflexive, and Mud-up","authors":"Y. Nadarajah, G. Mejía, S. Pattanayak, Srinivas Gomango, D. Rao, Mayura Ashok","doi":"10.1177/0169796X211065345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X211065345","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of development studies has come under intense scrutiny with increasing calls for development education to decolonize its materials, pedagogies, and discursive practices. This article draws on a short-term study tour to India, where co-building a mud house with a tribal community and local university became a creative, intercultural site, encouraging reflexivity and learning through embodied insights. Such learnings “from” and “with” knowledges negated by Western modernity involve in essence decolonial pedagogies, enabling students to critically examine their own preconceived ideas of development, while building skills to meaningfully navigate the contested contemporary field. Study tours, we argue, have immense potential toward decolonizing development education.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42326427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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