Pub Date : 2024-05-19DOI: 10.1177/0169796x241254199
B. Omodan
Positioned at the intersection of reason and practical life, the study dissected the university system’s dual role in upholding and contesting the hegemonic narratives of modernity. Through a dialectical analysis, the paper argued how universities have unconsciously perpetuated modern Western concepts of progress and rationality, often overshadowing traditional and indigenous ways of understanding. The article highlighted the imperative for universities to undergo a decolonial transformation, integrating contemporary and traditional epistemologies in a dynamic synergy fostering a more encompassing and inclusive societal awareness. The article recommends that academic institutions actively integrate and value diverse epistemologies, challenging long-held Western-centric pedagogies for a more inclusive educational environment. Therefore, dissecting the nuanced interplay between modernity and tradition within universities, this argument contributes to a deeper understanding of decolonial processes in shaping more holistic and representative knowledge systems in academia.
{"title":"The Dialectics of Modernity and Tradition: A Decolonial Critique of University’s Role in Shaping Social Consciousness","authors":"B. Omodan","doi":"10.1177/0169796x241254199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x241254199","url":null,"abstract":"Positioned at the intersection of reason and practical life, the study dissected the university system’s dual role in upholding and contesting the hegemonic narratives of modernity. Through a dialectical analysis, the paper argued how universities have unconsciously perpetuated modern Western concepts of progress and rationality, often overshadowing traditional and indigenous ways of understanding. The article highlighted the imperative for universities to undergo a decolonial transformation, integrating contemporary and traditional epistemologies in a dynamic synergy fostering a more encompassing and inclusive societal awareness. The article recommends that academic institutions actively integrate and value diverse epistemologies, challenging long-held Western-centric pedagogies for a more inclusive educational environment. Therefore, dissecting the nuanced interplay between modernity and tradition within universities, this argument contributes to a deeper understanding of decolonial processes in shaping more holistic and representative knowledge systems in academia.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.1177/0169796x241237978
Rubén Berríos
The significance of cultural factors in economic development is analyzed. Culture here refers to values, behaviors, and beliefs. Culture alone cannot explain development, but there are some factors that help us understand why some countries develop faster than others. The study makes use of the World Values Survey as a road map for analysis using cross-cultural comparisons. The analysis focuses on two key core values: trust and achievement. This is applied to two regions: East Asia (Japan and Korea) and Latin America (Mexico and Peru). The aim is to examine how aspects of culture help accelerate or impede development.
{"title":"How Culture Impacts Economic Development: A Cross-country Comparison","authors":"Rubén Berríos","doi":"10.1177/0169796x241237978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x241237978","url":null,"abstract":"The significance of cultural factors in economic development is analyzed. Culture here refers to values, behaviors, and beliefs. Culture alone cannot explain development, but there are some factors that help us understand why some countries develop faster than others. The study makes use of the World Values Survey as a road map for analysis using cross-cultural comparisons. The analysis focuses on two key core values: trust and achievement. This is applied to two regions: East Asia (Japan and Korea) and Latin America (Mexico and Peru). The aim is to examine how aspects of culture help accelerate or impede development.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0169796x231222058
Pierre Yohanes Lubis, B. Shahri, Mariano Ramirez
This article presents a case study of the application of human-centered design (HCD) as a codesign approach to address complex problems in slum communities in Jakarta, Indonesia. Through a review of relevant literature, we examine how the HCD methodology embraces a participatory framework but retains a certain degree of control not found in pure participatory approaches. We explain why HCD was selected for this study and describe the methods used, including sort cards, solution cards, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and product usability interviews. These methods were employed to generate a solution that addressed the issue of sourcing clean water in Jakarta’s slums, which was then prototyped, tested, and implemented. The study contributes to the development of a cohesive and applicable methodology by integrating codesign and HCD in designing solutions for people at the Base of the Pyramid.
{"title":"Fostering Community Empowerment: A Human-Centered Approach to Designing Clean Water Solutions in a Jakarta Slum","authors":"Pierre Yohanes Lubis, B. Shahri, Mariano Ramirez","doi":"10.1177/0169796x231222058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x231222058","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a case study of the application of human-centered design (HCD) as a codesign approach to address complex problems in slum communities in Jakarta, Indonesia. Through a review of relevant literature, we examine how the HCD methodology embraces a participatory framework but retains a certain degree of control not found in pure participatory approaches. We explain why HCD was selected for this study and describe the methods used, including sort cards, solution cards, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and product usability interviews. These methods were employed to generate a solution that addressed the issue of sourcing clean water in Jakarta’s slums, which was then prototyped, tested, and implemented. The study contributes to the development of a cohesive and applicable methodology by integrating codesign and HCD in designing solutions for people at the Base of the Pyramid.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140401558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0169796x241226571
K. Alakwe
Extant literature indicates that the Niger Delta region has struggled with developmental issues for ages. Efforts by the government to tackle the perennial underdevelopment have met with failure, a situation that has necessitated the institution of diverse research to unearth the causal factors. Leveraging a combination of historical analysis and a survey involving 206 respondents, this study brings to the fore the principal drivers of poverty in the region, with mismanagement of funds and the apparent lack of citizen engagement emerging as the most significant predictors of poverty and underdevelopment. The study thus highlights the need for optimal management of financial resources and also emphasizes the centrality of citizen engagement and participatory communication in community development. The study argues that while funding is critical to development, no substantial development can occur without the active participation of the citizens, from the conceptualization to the execution of strategies and plans for development.
{"title":"The Paradox of the Niger Delta: Examining the Principal Determinants of Poverty and Underdevelopment","authors":"K. Alakwe","doi":"10.1177/0169796x241226571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x241226571","url":null,"abstract":"Extant literature indicates that the Niger Delta region has struggled with developmental issues for ages. Efforts by the government to tackle the perennial underdevelopment have met with failure, a situation that has necessitated the institution of diverse research to unearth the causal factors. Leveraging a combination of historical analysis and a survey involving 206 respondents, this study brings to the fore the principal drivers of poverty in the region, with mismanagement of funds and the apparent lack of citizen engagement emerging as the most significant predictors of poverty and underdevelopment. The study thus highlights the need for optimal management of financial resources and also emphasizes the centrality of citizen engagement and participatory communication in community development. The study argues that while funding is critical to development, no substantial development can occur without the active participation of the citizens, from the conceptualization to the execution of strategies and plans for development.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140407901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0169796x231223817
Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Building communities is one way to limit inequality in the global development process. In Indonesia, that principle can best be illustrated in the Hindu Balinese compound. But does discrimination against women, especially those of lower class and caste, fundamentally undermine the community? Feminists contend so, but what is the nature of the pressure on Balinese women? Why is this experienced? How could this discrimination be resolved? Drawing on a wider intersectional feminism, primary data from 72 people and thematic analysis, it seems both the reproductive and property rights of Balinese women are constrained. But ordinary Balinese women, activists, and intellectuals do not share the Western feminist case of dismantling communities for individual human rights. Instead, Balinese people largely advocate Hindu community alternatives, at the heart of which is strengthening the institution of ‘nyentana’. This alternative helps to decolonize “gender,” and reproductive justice, while putting the case for studying social economics a bit more in development studies.
{"title":"Reproductive Justice in the Hindu Balinese Compound: Community, Property and Development","authors":"Franklin Obeng-Odoom","doi":"10.1177/0169796x231223817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x231223817","url":null,"abstract":"Building communities is one way to limit inequality in the global development process. In Indonesia, that principle can best be illustrated in the Hindu Balinese compound. But does discrimination against women, especially those of lower class and caste, fundamentally undermine the community? Feminists contend so, but what is the nature of the pressure on Balinese women? Why is this experienced? How could this discrimination be resolved? Drawing on a wider intersectional feminism, primary data from 72 people and thematic analysis, it seems both the reproductive and property rights of Balinese women are constrained. But ordinary Balinese women, activists, and intellectuals do not share the Western feminist case of dismantling communities for individual human rights. Instead, Balinese people largely advocate Hindu community alternatives, at the heart of which is strengthening the institution of ‘nyentana’. This alternative helps to decolonize “gender,” and reproductive justice, while putting the case for studying social economics a bit more in development studies.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140407237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0169796x231223830
Marlie Holtzhausen
This article uses a relational approach to re-conceptualize development concepts, measures, and practices. It explores how participants in the development sector construct and make sense of their lived realities and how they perceive and act on development initiatives as part of a social process. This is a qualitative study that uses a case study of two organizations in the development sector of South Africa working with individuals and households in communities that are in precarious circumstances. The organizations are small but rich in understanding what it means to be present, to learn, to negotiate, to allow for choices, and to do so within a sustainable view of development relationships. The insights from these contexts and the ethos from which they derive provide us with an opportunity to rethink the ethos that guides the broader development discourse.
{"title":"Re-conceptualizing Development Terminology from a Relational Approach: Perspectives from Two Case Studies in South Africa","authors":"Marlie Holtzhausen","doi":"10.1177/0169796x231223830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x231223830","url":null,"abstract":"This article uses a relational approach to re-conceptualize development concepts, measures, and practices. It explores how participants in the development sector construct and make sense of their lived realities and how they perceive and act on development initiatives as part of a social process. This is a qualitative study that uses a case study of two organizations in the development sector of South Africa working with individuals and households in communities that are in precarious circumstances. The organizations are small but rich in understanding what it means to be present, to learn, to negotiate, to allow for choices, and to do so within a sustainable view of development relationships. The insights from these contexts and the ethos from which they derive provide us with an opportunity to rethink the ethos that guides the broader development discourse.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140404680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0169796x231225569
Pablo Garcés‐Velástegui
Colombia, like other countries in the region, is undergoing a moment of self-definition. At its heart lies the issue of development. The increasing plurality of competing development models and political economies, however, complicates the discursive landscape and defies conventional approaches. To make sense of this complexity, grid group cultural theory and its typology of four irreducible, mutually exclusive, and jointly exhaustive ideal-typical worldviews is proposed. Four distinct development models are identified in Colombia’s recent experience, illustrated by neoliberalism, developmentalism, post-development alternatives such as Buen Vivir and Vivir Sabroso, and a chimera.
{"title":"The Politics of Development in Colombia: Accounting for the Plurality of Development Models","authors":"Pablo Garcés‐Velástegui","doi":"10.1177/0169796x231225569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x231225569","url":null,"abstract":"Colombia, like other countries in the region, is undergoing a moment of self-definition. At its heart lies the issue of development. The increasing plurality of competing development models and political economies, however, complicates the discursive landscape and defies conventional approaches. To make sense of this complexity, grid group cultural theory and its typology of four irreducible, mutually exclusive, and jointly exhaustive ideal-typical worldviews is proposed. Four distinct development models are identified in Colombia’s recent experience, illustrated by neoliberalism, developmentalism, post-development alternatives such as Buen Vivir and Vivir Sabroso, and a chimera.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140406564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0169796X231209155
Tania Chambers
In the global judicial response to COVID-19 restrictions, virtual hearings were expanded beyond special accommodations for children and vulnerable witnesses to facilitate a range of court proceedings. Not much is known about the phenomenon in Caribbean contexts. As a result of this gap, the current study analyzes content from Practice Directions issued by Supreme Courts in Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Eastern Caribbean from 2020 to 2022. It identifies patterns in the rules surrounding virtual hearings and their relevance to the vision of a more therapeutic Caribbean court. Results indicate that in generalizing virtual hearings, witness needs are not adequately addressed.
{"title":"Pivoting in a Pandemic: Virtual Hearings, Vulnerable Witnesses and the Journey Toward a More Therapeutic Caribbean Court","authors":"Tania Chambers","doi":"10.1177/0169796X231209155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X231209155","url":null,"abstract":"In the global judicial response to COVID-19 restrictions, virtual hearings were expanded beyond special accommodations for children and vulnerable witnesses to facilitate a range of court proceedings. Not much is known about the phenomenon in Caribbean contexts. As a result of this gap, the current study analyzes content from Practice Directions issued by Supreme Courts in Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Eastern Caribbean from 2020 to 2022. It identifies patterns in the rules surrounding virtual hearings and their relevance to the vision of a more therapeutic Caribbean court. Results indicate that in generalizing virtual hearings, witness needs are not adequately addressed.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0169796X231196848
W. C. Wallace
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Caribbean","authors":"W. C. Wallace","doi":"10.1177/0169796X231196848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X231196848","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0169796x231209085
Michelle S. A. Nicholson, Michelle V. Eastman-Jarrott
In Trinidad and Tobago, military commanders were forced to deploy personnel on the frontlines alongside police officers during the COVID-19 pandemic in an attempt to contain the spread of the virus. The armed forces were used to provide drivers to transport returning residents to quarantine facilities and nurses and paramedics to assist with the critically ill at the field hospitals. The military was also utilized to enforce lockdown regulations. The use of the military in these ways exposed personnel to the added risk of contracting the virus, all the while increasing the burdens of their service demands. While there is available scholarship on this phenomenon in Western countries, there is a dearth of similar research in the Caribbean. In light of this gap, a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with key military personnel of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 virus on the operations of the organization. This essay provides first-hand accounts of the military of Trinidad and Tobago during the pandemic.
{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 on the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force: A Command Perspective","authors":"Michelle S. A. Nicholson, Michelle V. Eastman-Jarrott","doi":"10.1177/0169796x231209085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796x231209085","url":null,"abstract":"In Trinidad and Tobago, military commanders were forced to deploy personnel on the frontlines alongside police officers during the COVID-19 pandemic in an attempt to contain the spread of the virus. The armed forces were used to provide drivers to transport returning residents to quarantine facilities and nurses and paramedics to assist with the critically ill at the field hospitals. The military was also utilized to enforce lockdown regulations. The use of the military in these ways exposed personnel to the added risk of contracting the virus, all the while increasing the burdens of their service demands. While there is available scholarship on this phenomenon in Western countries, there is a dearth of similar research in the Caribbean. In light of this gap, a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with key military personnel of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 virus on the operations of the organization. This essay provides first-hand accounts of the military of Trinidad and Tobago during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":45003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Societies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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