Transnational Corporations Review最新文献

Recognizing the critical significance of environmental preservation, this paper investigates the intricate relationship between higher education and environmental pollution in MENA countries from 2000 to 2018. The analysis incorporates three control variables: the globalization index, population, and gross domestic product (GDP). Employing a comprehensive methodology that includes panel unit root tests, Kao cointegration test, fixed effect GLS, fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS). As main results, we first found using GLS that higher education, globalization, and GDP per capita positively impact CO₂ emissions in the MENA region. Subsequently, using FMOLS and DOLS, we found that except for GDP per capita, all other variables play a key role in mitigating CO₂ emissions in the long run, thus validating the KURZNETS curve hypothesis for education and challenging it for economic growth in the MENA countries. Given the existing results, this study provides significant recommendations for policymakers and governments to reduce CO₂ emissions.

Transnational Corporations Review (TNCR) is a prominent international journal that publishes quarterly research on emerging markets on various micro to macro-level issues, addressing economists, policymakers, and research experts. This study attempts to demonstrate a retrospective investigation of the TNCR's productivity and target results across 15 volumes published in 2009–2023. Using VOSviewer software, different methods and tools are used for bibliometric analysis on several factors, such as research topic coverage, publications and their impact, top cited authors, the number of citations and co-citations received, and the methodology used in all contributions to TNCR. In addition, R Studio was used to develop graphical visualization and analyze the Journal's thematic evolution. Across more than 14 years of life, TNCR contributed 503 research documents across multidisciplinary themes. Most themes covered that broadly define the TNCR over this time include globalization, internationalization of firms, global supply chains, and institutional innovations: survey, time series, and quantitative studies. The essential purpose of the published work is to examine existing theories related to international trade and transnational corporations. Co-authorship trends are changing from single-authorship to collaborative research. The study is a comprehensive retrospective evaluation of the TNCR. The review shall be helpful to potential contributors, editors, and other stakeholders of the Journal.

This paper investigates the determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows by classifying determinants into economic, social, and institutional categories, and examines its linkage between FDI in developed and developing economies at an aggregate level. Countries are distinguished in accordance with country income level, and each category is constructed as a composite index by utilizing the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. Using annual data from 1996 to 2019 and panel data approaches, the determinants of FDI are investigated for 178 countries. Main findings are, first, developing economies are largely dependent on economic indicators to attract FDI. Second, in the case of developed economies, the role of social indicators on FDI inflows is shown relatively more significant than economic indicators. Finally, the linkage between institutional indicators and FDI inflows is weak and statistically insignificant in both developed and developing economies.

This study aims to examine the construct validity and discriminant validity of a cyberbullying questionnaire, as well as explore the practical implications of the findings. The study utilizes exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the measurement model of the cyberbullying questionnaire. Data analysis is conducted using established statistical techniques. The results reveal the presence of six distinct dimensions of cyberbullying: Online Privacy Violation, Online Harassment and Discomfort, Online Exclusion and Privacy Violation, Disturbance and Intimidation, Identity Impersonation, and Spread of Secrets. The questionnaire demonstrates good construct validity and discriminant validity, providing a reliable tool to measure cyberbullying experiences. This study is limited to a specific population and cultural context. Further research is needed to validate the questionnaire in diverse populations and explore the relationship between cyberbullying dimensions and associated outcomes. This study contributes to the understanding of cyberbullying by providing a comprehensive framework and validated measurement tool.

This paper is aimed to empirically test for an open and small economy like Ireland the “granular hypothesis” (Gabaix, 2011), originally proved for the US, which posits that firm-level productivity shocks can explain a sizable portion of aggregate productivity fluctuations. Additionally, the author tries and tests a second hypotheses suggesting the, given the small size, less diversification of the Irish economy, compared to that of the US, the granular effect is likely to be stronger and more important. The Irish case is particularly relevant as Ireland has been experiencing increasing economic concentration in recent years, to the point that micro shocks to a few selected firms in 2015 led to significant level shifts in aggregate variables like GDP (+34 per cent) and, particularly, labour productivity (+23 per cent) and total factor productivity (−12 per cent). Making use of an original combination of macro data from the Ireland's Central Statistics Office (CSO) and the OECD with micro data from the Annual Business Survey of Economic Impact (ABSEI), both granular hypotheses are tested in Ireland for the period 2000–2016.

Research findings confirm that productivity shocks to the 5 largest firms (in terms of value added) in Ireland account for a large fraction (about one third) of aggregate productivity growth, which is much larger than that found of the US economy. These empirical results shed light on the origins of Irish productivity fluctuations, the consequences of economic concentration on resilience and the importance of diversification policies aimed at broadening Ireland's enterprise base of productive firms.

The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of international palm oil prices, prices of its substitute and complementary goods, and the exchange rate on the competitiveness of 30 palm oil exporting countries over the period from 2011 to 2019, using monthly data. The symmetric comparative advantage index was estimated, and a convergence effect was found, whereby emerging countries exhibited greater specialization than industrialized countries. Unit root and cointegration tests were applied, in addition to FMOLS and DOLS methods. The analysis revealed that decreases in palm and vegetable oil prices, coupled with an increase in the exchange rate and prices of soybeans and biodiesel, enhanced the competitiveness of palm oil exports.

The purpose of this study was to explore variables explaining consumers' intention toward the use of eco-friendly bags in retail stores in an emerging market economy, Thailand. The research was hinged on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The study adopted a survey research design where data was collected using a structured questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale, with the study sample selected by convenience and purposive sampling methods. The sample population consisted of 609 Thai consumers aged 18 years and above who have shopped in retail stores. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the data. The results revealed that environmental attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control had a positive effect on consumer intention towards the use of eco-friendly shopping bags in retail stores. Whereas subjective norms had the highest effect on consumer intention towards the use of the eco-friendly bag in retail stores. The findings of this study are expected to help the government and private sector to create an appropriate marketing tactics such as using influencers to increase consumer intention towards the use of an eco-friendly bag.

Trade openness is viewed as a way for Asian countries to progress economically and socially. Therefore, determining how trade affects economic growth is crucial for society, particularly for emerging economies. This paper provides empirical evidence on the issue of how openness to trade affects economic growth. A sample of 22 selected Asian countries has been taken as a balanced panel. To carry out the analysis, Auto Regressive Distributive Lag Model (ARDL) on annual data from 1990 to 2020 is used. To select between Pooled Mean Group (PMG) Mean Group (MG) and Dynamic Fixed Effect (DFE) estimators of ARDL, the Hausman test is used. PMG turns out as a better estimator. PMG estimation confirms that trade openness and economic growth exhibit a positive and statistically significant relation in the long run, however, short-run results lack significance. The study concluded with the recommendation that policymakers should adopt and implement an optimal trade policy. The optimal trade policy suggests the sample countries be more open to trade because it may result in higher long-run economic growth.

The effectiveness of monetary policy in Ghana has been questionable with the advent of mobile money activities, which are gradually replacing some of the roles of commercial banks. This study investigates the effects of mobile money transactions on Ghanaian commercial banks' credit-to-deposit ratio and the effectiveness of the monetary policy rate in the era of mobile money services using ARDL techniques, Granger causality and impulse response functions.

The study reveals that Ghanaian commercial banks' credit-to-deposit ratio decreases with increased mobile money transactions, indicating a substitutability relationship. Banks' credit-to-deposit ratio is impacted by non-performing loans and asset returns, while the monetary policy rate has an insignificant impact. The results from the IRFs also showed that a positive shock to monetary policy reduces banks' credit-to-deposit ratio but increases mobile money transactions and non-performing loans. For policy implications, collaboration between commercial banks and mobile money service providers can be enhanced through interoperability services.