Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/ame.2019.126373
Andrzej Ryniewicz, Wojciech Ryniewicz, Stanisław Wyrąbek, Łukasz Bojko
At the current stage of diagnostics and therapy, it is necessary to perform a geometric evaluation of facial skull bone structures basing upon virtually reconstructed objects or replicated objects with reverse engineering. The objective hereof is an analysis of imaging precision for cranial bone structures basing upon spiral tomography and in relation to the reference model with the use of laser scanning. Evaluated was the precision of skull reconstruction in 3D printing, and it was compared with the real object, topography model and reference model. The performed investigations allowed identifying the CT imaging accuracy for cranial bone structures the development of and 3D models as well as replicating its shape in printed models. The execution of the project permits one to determine the uncertainty of components in the following procedures: CT imaging, development of numerical models and 3D printing of objects, which allows one to determine the complex uncertainty in medical applications.
{"title":"Evaluation of skull bone structures in CT imaging","authors":"Andrzej Ryniewicz, Wojciech Ryniewicz, Stanisław Wyrąbek, Łukasz Bojko","doi":"10.24425/ame.2019.126373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ame.2019.126373","url":null,"abstract":"At the current stage of diagnostics and therapy, it is necessary to perform a geometric evaluation of facial skull bone structures basing upon virtually reconstructed objects or replicated objects with reverse engineering. The objective hereof is an analysis of imaging precision for cranial bone structures basing upon spiral tomography and in relation to the reference model with the use of laser scanning. Evaluated was the precision of skull reconstruction in 3D printing, and it was compared with the real object, topography model and reference model. The performed investigations allowed identifying the CT imaging accuracy for cranial bone structures the development of and 3D models as well as replicating its shape in printed models. The execution of the project permits one to determine the uncertainty of components in the following procedures: CT imaging, development of numerical models and 3D printing of objects, which allows one to determine the complex uncertainty in medical applications.","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"1 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/ame.2021.138394
Alejandro C. Ramirez-Reivich, Ma. Pilar Corona-Lira, Diego A. Zamora-Garcia, Anahí Velazquez-Silva, Vicente Borja
for The preservation of historical documents is a task that requires a multidisciplinary team. Mechanical engineering can make valuable contributions. Historical documents made of paper have unique characteristics that must be considered for their preservation and exhibition. Specially designed encasements have emerged as a solution to meet these requirements. In the present research, a comparative design study was carried out. The study comprises identifying the main functions of the encasements. Subsequently, it is analyzed how the capsules that appear in the literature have solved these functions. With the information obtained, three new encasements were designed for historical documents in Mexico. From the results and design experiences, some insights and design principles were obtained; these can be universally applied.
{"title":"Application of comparative design study in the development of preservation encasements for historical documents","authors":"Alejandro C. Ramirez-Reivich, Ma. Pilar Corona-Lira, Diego A. Zamora-Garcia, Anahí Velazquez-Silva, Vicente Borja","doi":"10.24425/ame.2021.138394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ame.2021.138394","url":null,"abstract":"for The preservation of historical documents is a task that requires a multidisciplinary team. Mechanical engineering can make valuable contributions. Historical documents made of paper have unique characteristics that must be considered for their preservation and exhibition. Specially designed encasements have emerged as a solution to meet these requirements. In the present research, a comparative design study was carried out. The study comprises identifying the main functions of the encasements. Subsequently, it is analyzed how the capsules that appear in the literature have solved these functions. With the information obtained, three new encasements were designed for historical documents in Mexico. From the results and design experiences, some insights and design principles were obtained; these can be universally applied.","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/ame.2021.139647
The Inconel 718 alloys, which are primarily temperature resistant, are widely used in aviation, aerospace and nuclear industries. The study on dry cutting processes for this alloy becomes difficult due to its high hardness and low thermal conductivity, wherein,mostoftheheattransfersduetofrictionareaccumulatedoverthetoolsurface. Further,severalchallengeslikeincreasedcuttingforce,developinghightemperature andrapidtoolwearareobservedduringitsmachiningprocess.Toovercomethese, thecoatedtoolinsertsareusedformachiningthesuperalloys.Inthepresentwork, thecementedcarbidetooliscoatedwithchemicalvapordepositionmulti-layering Al 2 O 3 /TiCN under the dry cutting environment. The machining processes are carried out with varying cutting speeds: 65, 81, 95
{"title":"Wear and surface characteristics on tool performance with CVD coating of Al2O3/TiCN inserts during machining of Inconel 718 alloys","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ame.2021.139647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ame.2021.139647","url":null,"abstract":"The Inconel 718 alloys, which are primarily temperature resistant, are widely used in aviation, aerospace and nuclear industries. The study on dry cutting processes for this alloy becomes difficult due to its high hardness and low thermal conductivity, wherein,mostoftheheattransfersduetofrictionareaccumulatedoverthetoolsurface. Further,severalchallengeslikeincreasedcuttingforce,developinghightemperature andrapidtoolwearareobservedduringitsmachiningprocess.Toovercomethese, thecoatedtoolinsertsareusedformachiningthesuperalloys.Inthepresentwork, thecementedcarbidetooliscoatedwithchemicalvapordepositionmulti-layering Al 2 O 3 /TiCN under the dry cutting environment. The machining processes are carried out with varying cutting speeds: 65, 81, 95","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"38 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/ame.2022.140410
The phase change materials (PCM) are widely used in several applications, especially in the latent heat thermal energy storage system (LHTESS). Due to the very low thermal conductivity of PCMs. A small mass fraction of hybrid nanoparticles TiO 2 –CuO (50%–50%) is dispersed in PCM with five mass concentrations of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1 mass % to improve its thermal conductivity. This article is focused on thermal performance of the hybrid nano-PCM (HNPCM) used for the LHTESS. A numerical model based on the enthalpy-porosity technique is developed to solve the Navier-Stocks and energy equations. The computations were conducted for the melting and solidification processes of the HNPCM in a shell and tube latent heat storage (LHS). The developed numerical model was validated successfully with experimental data from the literature. The results showed that the dispersed hybrid nanoparticles improved the effective thermal conductivity and density of the HNPCM. Accordingly, when the mass fraction of a HNPCM increases by 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1 mass %, the average charging time improves by 12.04 %, 19.9 %, 23.55%, and 27.33 %, respectively. Besides, the stored energy is reduced by 0.83%, 1.67%, 2.83% and 3.88%, respectively
{"title":"Hybrid nano improved phase change material for latent thermal energy storage system: Numerical study","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ame.2022.140410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ame.2022.140410","url":null,"abstract":"The phase change materials (PCM) are widely used in several applications, especially in the latent heat thermal energy storage system (LHTESS). Due to the very low thermal conductivity of PCMs. A small mass fraction of hybrid nanoparticles TiO 2 –CuO (50%–50%) is dispersed in PCM with five mass concentrations of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1 mass % to improve its thermal conductivity. This article is focused on thermal performance of the hybrid nano-PCM (HNPCM) used for the LHTESS. A numerical model based on the enthalpy-porosity technique is developed to solve the Navier-Stocks and energy equations. The computations were conducted for the melting and solidification processes of the HNPCM in a shell and tube latent heat storage (LHS). The developed numerical model was validated successfully with experimental data from the literature. The results showed that the dispersed hybrid nanoparticles improved the effective thermal conductivity and density of the HNPCM. Accordingly, when the mass fraction of a HNPCM increases by 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1 mass %, the average charging time improves by 12.04 %, 19.9 %, 23.55%, and 27.33 %, respectively. Besides, the stored energy is reduced by 0.83%, 1.67%, 2.83% and 3.88%, respectively","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"1990 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135636096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/ame.2021.139648
Biogas is a gaseous biofuel predominantly composed of methane and carbon-dioxide. Stability of biogas flames strongly depend upon the amount of carbon-dioxide present in biogas, which varies with the source of biomass and reactor. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the stability and flame characteristics of coflow biogas diffusion flames is reported. Numerical simulations are carried out using reactive flow module in OpenFOAM, incorporated with variable thermophysical properties, Fick’s and Soret diffusion, and short chemical kinetics mechanism. Effects of carbon-dioxide content in the biogas, temperatures of the fuel or coflowing air streams (preheated reactant) and hydrogen addition to fuel or air streams are analyzed. Entropy generation in these flames is also predicted. Results show that the flame temperature increases with the degree of preheat of reactants and the flames show better stability with the preheated air stream. Preheating the air contributes to increased flame stability and also to a significant decrease in entropy generation. Hydrogen addition, contributing to the same power rating, is seen to be relatively more effective in increasing the flame stability when added to the fuel stream. Results in terms of flow, temperature, species and entropy fields, are used to describe the stability and flame characteristics.
{"title":"Numerical analysis of structure, stability and entropy generation in biogas coflow diffusion flames","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ame.2021.139648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ame.2021.139648","url":null,"abstract":"Biogas is a gaseous biofuel predominantly composed of methane and carbon-dioxide. Stability of biogas flames strongly depend upon the amount of carbon-dioxide present in biogas, which varies with the source of biomass and reactor. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the stability and flame characteristics of coflow biogas diffusion flames is reported. Numerical simulations are carried out using reactive flow module in OpenFOAM, incorporated with variable thermophysical properties, Fick’s and Soret diffusion, and short chemical kinetics mechanism. Effects of carbon-dioxide content in the biogas, temperatures of the fuel or coflowing air streams (preheated reactant) and hydrogen addition to fuel or air streams are analyzed. Entropy generation in these flames is also predicted. Results show that the flame temperature increases with the degree of preheat of reactants and the flames show better stability with the preheated air stream. Preheating the air contributes to increased flame stability and also to a significant decrease in entropy generation. Hydrogen addition, contributing to the same power rating, is seen to be relatively more effective in increasing the flame stability when added to the fuel stream. Results in terms of flow, temperature, species and entropy fields, are used to describe the stability and flame characteristics.","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"396 2‐3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135636328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/ame.2021.137048
Heat transfer augmentation has become the utmost industrial desire. Turbulence promoters seems to be a better option for better heat transfer but at the expense of enormous pressure drop. In the current study, experimental optimization of heat transfer and pressure drop in various configurations of ribbed and corrugated surfaces on the bottom wall of the Solar Air Heater channel, having aspect ratio of 26:5 was performed. The results were evaluated in terms of enhancement in heat transfer (Nu/Nu s ) , friction factor ratio ( f / f s ) and thermal performance factor ( η ) . Three different cases and nine configurations with a pitch to rib/corrugation height ratio of 4.0 were studied. Case A consists of a smooth, continuous square rib, inline and staggered broken ribs. Case B comprises 30 ◦ , 45 ◦ , 60 ◦ and 90 ◦ trapezoidal corrugated geometries while case C is the comparison of smooth, wavy corrugated and the best configurations of cases A and B. The results show that rectangular duct with staggered broken ribs and trapezoidal corrugation at 45 ◦ are the best configurations for case A and B, respectively. The 45 ◦ corrugated configuration is the best one amongst all, with values of 1.53, 1.5 and 1.33% for Nu/Nu s , f / f s and η respectively.
{"title":"Evaluation of thermal performance factor for solar air heaters with artificially roughened channels","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ame.2021.137048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ame.2021.137048","url":null,"abstract":"Heat transfer augmentation has become the utmost industrial desire. Turbulence promoters seems to be a better option for better heat transfer but at the expense of enormous pressure drop. In the current study, experimental optimization of heat transfer and pressure drop in various configurations of ribbed and corrugated surfaces on the bottom wall of the Solar Air Heater channel, having aspect ratio of 26:5 was performed. The results were evaluated in terms of enhancement in heat transfer (Nu/Nu s ) , friction factor ratio ( f / f s ) and thermal performance factor ( η ) . Three different cases and nine configurations with a pitch to rib/corrugation height ratio of 4.0 were studied. Case A consists of a smooth, continuous square rib, inline and staggered broken ribs. Case B comprises 30 ◦ , 45 ◦ , 60 ◦ and 90 ◦ trapezoidal corrugated geometries while case C is the comparison of smooth, wavy corrugated and the best configurations of cases A and B. The results show that rectangular duct with staggered broken ribs and trapezoidal corrugation at 45 ◦ are the best configurations for case A and B, respectively. The 45 ◦ corrugated configuration is the best one amongst all, with values of 1.53, 1.5 and 1.33% for Nu/Nu s , f / f s and η respectively.","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"1974 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135637097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/ame.2007.131562
J. Bednarczyk
The article presents results of tests performed at the AGH-University of Science and Technology in Cracow on strength of single-coil inductors used as tools in electrodynamic machining of pipes. The character of volumetric Lorentz forces acting on coils of compressing and expanding inductors was discussed, and numerically determined distributions of stresses and displacements created in coils under the impact of these forces were presented. The problems presented are relevant when designing durable inductors intended for industrial applications.
{"title":"Stress and deformation states in single-coil inductors used for pipe calibration by means of electrodynamic method","authors":"J. Bednarczyk","doi":"10.24425/ame.2007.131562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ame.2007.131562","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents results of tests performed at the AGH-University of Science and Technology in Cracow on strength of single-coil inductors used as tools in electrodynamic machining of pipes. The character of volumetric Lorentz forces acting on coils of compressing and expanding inductors was discussed, and numerically determined distributions of stresses and displacements created in coils under the impact of these forces were presented. The problems presented are relevant when designing durable inductors intended for industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"39 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135724056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/ame.2009.132100
J. Bałchanowski, J. Szrek, S. Wudarczyk
Moving with the wheelchair can be a serious problem, especially when the obstacle occurs on its way. An alternative solution would be to equip the wheelchair with appropriate mechanical device, thanks to that it becomes possible to overcome barriers such as kerbs or doorsteps. In this paper, the authors present an idea of mechanism overcoming barriers by the wheelchair. Type and geometrical synthesis have been presented. The mechanism is modelled in a multibody computer analysis system and sample simulation research results are reported.
{"title":"Wheelchair mechanism for negotiating obstacles","authors":"J. Bałchanowski, J. Szrek, S. Wudarczyk","doi":"10.24425/ame.2009.132100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ame.2009.132100","url":null,"abstract":"Moving with the wheelchair can be a serious problem, especially when the obstacle occurs on its way. An alternative solution would be to equip the wheelchair with appropriate mechanical device, thanks to that it becomes possible to overcome barriers such as kerbs or doorsteps. In this paper, the authors present an idea of mechanism overcoming barriers by the wheelchair. Type and geometrical synthesis have been presented. The mechanism is modelled in a multibody computer analysis system and sample simulation research results are reported.","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"39 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135724058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/AME.2019.131419
V. Nguyen, Kiem Anh Nguyen, V.-L. Nguyen
Nowadays, self-climbing formworks are commonly used in the construction of concrete buildings with a great height, such as high-rise buildings, silos, and bridge piers. A regular formwork can be improved to have more functions, e.g., the formwork itself can climb to the desired construction site. Climbing characteristics of the formwork as well as opening and closing characteristics of the formwork shell are essential criteria for evaluating the performance of a self-climbing formwork. The effective ones were mentioned in different studies, where most of them were published in patents of countries, e.g., the United States and China. Dissimilar from these studies, this paper presents several improvements for some certain groups to enhance the features of a hydraulic self-climbing formwork. Based on the analysis of the composition and the working principle of the actual climbing formwork types, a new opening and closing method of the formwork shells and a new rail clamping device are suggested. They are applied to design a self-climbing formwork with the shell’s working size of 4 m × 3 m. Their load capacity, as well as the flatness of the concrete surface after casting, are assessed. The proposed solutions can result in various advantages, e.g., the shorter initial alignment time, the increase of the quality concrete surface, and the maximal automation for construction operations.
如今，自爬模板普遍用于高层建筑、筒仓、桥梁桥墩等高度较大的混凝土建筑物的施工。普通模板可以改进，使其具有更多的功能，例如，模板本身可以爬到所需的施工地点。模板的爬升特性和模板壳的启闭特性是评价自爬升模板性能的重要标准。在不同的研究中提到了有效的药物，其中大多数是在美国和中国等国家的专利中发表的。与这些研究不同的是，本文提出了对某些特定组的改进，以提高液压自爬模板的性能。在分析实际爬型模板的组成和工作原理的基础上，提出了一种新的模壳启闭方法和一种新的钢轨夹紧装置。应用它们设计了一个壳体工作尺寸为4 m × 3 m的自爬升模板。评估了它们的承载能力以及浇筑后混凝土表面的平整度。提出的解决方案可以带来各种优势，例如，缩短初始对齐时间，提高混凝土表面质量，并最大限度地实现施工操作的自动化。
{"title":"An improvement of a hydraulic self-climbing formwork","authors":"V. Nguyen, Kiem Anh Nguyen, V.-L. Nguyen","doi":"10.24425/AME.2019.131419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/AME.2019.131419","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, self-climbing formworks are commonly used in the construction of concrete buildings with a great height, such as high-rise buildings, silos, and bridge piers. A regular formwork can be improved to have more functions, e.g., the formwork itself can climb to the desired construction site. Climbing characteristics of the formwork as well as opening and closing characteristics of the formwork shell are essential criteria for evaluating the performance of a self-climbing formwork. The effective ones were mentioned in different studies, where most of them were published in patents of countries, e.g., the United States and China. Dissimilar from these studies, this paper presents several improvements for some certain groups to enhance the features of a hydraulic self-climbing formwork. Based on the analysis of the composition and the working principle of the actual climbing formwork types, a new opening and closing method of the formwork shells and a new rail clamping device are suggested. They are applied to design a self-climbing formwork with the shell’s working size of 4 m × 3 m. Their load capacity, as well as the flatness of the concrete surface after casting, are assessed. The proposed solutions can result in various advantages, e.g., the shorter initial alignment time, the increase of the quality concrete surface, and the maximal automation for construction operations.","PeriodicalId":45083,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68944898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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