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User adoption and value of e-government services (Citizen-centric empirical study from Hungary) 电子政务服务的用户采用率和价值(匈牙利以公民为中心的实证研究)
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00032
Márta Aranyossy
This paper looks at the adoption of e-government technologies from a citizen-centric, value-based point-of-view. We analyse e-government technology adoption and value creation on a large, representative Hungarian sample, using the data of the Good State Public Administration Opinion Survey. The paper examines the near total spectrum of the Hungarian government-to-citizen administration service areas: 11 e-government services, with a special focus on personal income tax administration and the use of government issued documents. The technology acceptance model and an e-government-specific adaptation of the DeLone – McLean information system (IS) success model are used as the theoretic base. Factor analysis, traditional association metrics and statistical tests are used for the analysis. Results confirm the relevance of the technology adoption factors suggested by the mainstream IS literature, while citizen-level value creation – in the form of cost or time saved, satisfaction level raised – was less demonstrable. Increasing citizens' internet trust or improving facilitating infrastructural conditions, as well as a significant value proposition in terms of time savings and ease of use would help increasing e-government service adoption levels and value creation potential.
本文从以公民为中心、以价值为基础的角度探讨电子政务技术的采用。我们分析电子政务技术的采用和价值创造在一个大的,有代表性的匈牙利样本,使用的数据好国家公共管理民意调查。本文考察了匈牙利政府对公民行政服务领域的几乎全部范围:11项电子政务服务,特别关注个人所得税管理和政府签发文件的使用。以技术接受模型和DeLone - McLean信息系统(IS)成功模型为理论基础。因子分析、传统的关联度量和统计检验被用于分析。结果证实了主流信息系统文献提出的技术采用因素的相关性,而公民层面的价值创造-以节省成本或时间的形式,满意度的提高-则不太明显。提高市民对互联网的信任或改善便利的基础设施条件,以及在节省时间和易于使用方面提出重要的价值主张,将有助于提高电子政府服务的采用水平和创造价值的潜力。
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引用次数: 2
Can Central and Eastern European countries lead on digitalization? Using Digi-Index to analyse technological progress and potential 中东欧国家能否在数字化方面领先?利用数码索引分析科技的进步和潜力
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00030
Andreea-Diana Vodă, G. Brătucu, Andra Ioana Maria Tudor, Rareș Brătucu, I. Chițu, L. Dovleac, A. Tecău, Adrian Trifan
The degree of digitalization and potential of growth in this sector are the new criteria that split the countries into various groups. The aim of this research is to find an easier and faster method of assessing the level of digitalization for countries, over different periods, having a sample 10 countries from Central and Eastern Europe. The research compares and groups these countries, determining the impact of four additional variables on their digitalization level. There were combined multiple analyses including comparative, cluster and panel analysis. As a result, we defined a new standardized indicator, named Digi-Index, which can be adapted for various time ranges, countries or study groups. Academic researchers or business practitioners can use the Digi-Index, the clusters and their characteristics to build development plans for the digital sector, based on each country's conditions, potential and influence factors.
该部门的数字化程度和增长潜力是将各国划分为不同群体的新标准。这项研究的目的是找到一种更简单、更快的方法来评估不同时期各国的数字化水平,样本来自中欧和东欧的10个国家。该研究对这些国家进行了比较和分组,确定了四个额外变量对其数字化水平的影响。进行了多项综合分析,包括比较分析、聚类分析和小组分析。因此,我们定义了一个新的标准化指标,名为Digi指数,它可以适用于不同的时间范围、国家或研究小组。学术研究人员或商业从业者可以根据每个国家的条件、潜力和影响因素,使用数字指数、集群及其特征来制定数字行业的发展计划。
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引用次数: 0
Co-movement between the convergence of economic and health status in Central and Eastern Europe 中欧和东欧经济和健康状况趋同之间的协同作用
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00026
Andor Máté, Sarolta Somosi, Beáta Farkas
The Central and Eastern European countries have made considerable economic progress since the capitalist transformation. This paper investigates whether there is a co-movement between two factors of well-being, improvement of economic and health status between 1995 and 2018 compared to the six founding European Union (EU) member states. Applying the Pedroni- and Fisher-type cointegration test and a panel vector error correction model, our estimations suggest that there is a mutual causal relationship between economic convergence measured in GDP per capita and health status convergence measured by life expectancy. The long-term bi-directional effects are also proved by impulse response functions. Using the same econometric methods, the examination of the relationship between government health expenditure and life expectancy indicates that governmental health expenditure promotes the health status convergence. This study concludes that the FDI-based, low-wage growth model of the Central and Eastern European countries has not impeded the convergence in both factors of well-being to the founding EU member states. The results demonstrate that the improvement of the healthcare system may be a channel for the acceleration of convergence.
自资本主义转型以来,中欧和东欧国家在经济上取得了长足的进步。本文调查了1995年至2018年间,与六个创始欧盟成员国相比,幸福感、经济和健康状况的改善这两个因素之间是否存在协同作用。应用Pedroni和Fisher型协整检验和面板向量误差校正模型,我们的估计表明,以人均GDP衡量的经济收敛与以预期寿命衡量的健康状况收敛之间存在因果关系。脉冲响应函数也证明了长期双向效应。采用同样的计量经济学方法,对政府卫生支出与预期寿命之间的关系进行检验,结果表明政府卫生支出促进了健康状况的趋同。这项研究得出的结论是,中欧和东欧国家基于外国直接投资的低工资增长模式并没有阻碍这两个幸福因素对欧盟创始成员国的趋同。结果表明,医疗体系的改善可能是加速融合的一个渠道。
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引用次数: 0
Intended benefits and challenges of cooperation between FinTechs and commercial banks 金融科技与商业银行合作的预期收益与挑战
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00023
D. Horváth, Á. Kerényi, R. Z. Szabó
The financial industry has undergone several changes in recent years. One of these changes is the emergence of financial technology (FinTech) companies that are radically transforming the industry, posing a significant challenge to traditional commercial banks. In this study, we examined the responses of the Hungarian banks to the emergence of innovative FinTech startups and explored the benefits and barriers of the FinTech accelerator programs launched by banks. We conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with top executives of banks, FinTech startups and scaleups, investors and regulators to identify the potential benefits and barriers during the cooperation between banks and FinTechs. The most important results of our research show that during the partnership, several advantages can be gained by both parties. Still, the realization of these benefits is significantly hindered by the excessive exploitation focus of banks. Ambidextrous internal champions or suppliers of the banks are needed for successful cooperation between FinTechs and banks.
近年来,金融业经历了几次变化。其中一个变化是金融科技(FinTech)公司的出现,这些公司正在彻底改变整个行业,对传统商业银行构成重大挑战。在本研究中,我们考察了匈牙利银行对创新型金融科技初创企业的反应,并探讨了银行推出的金融科技加速器计划的好处和障碍。我们对银行高管、金融科技初创企业和规模企业、投资者和监管机构进行了27次半结构化访谈,以确定银行与金融科技合作期间的潜在利益和障碍。我们的研究最重要的结果是,在合作过程中,双方都可以获得一些优势。然而,银行过度的开发重点严重阻碍了这些利益的实现。金融科技与银行之间的成功合作需要银行内部的双刃拥护者或供应商。
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引用次数: 3
Conceptual framework of the crowdfunding success factors – Review of the academic literature 众筹成功因素的概念框架——学术文献综述
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00028
Erika Jáki, Gábor Csepy, Nikolett Kovács
The authors’ aim is to create a conceptual framework from the academic literature dealing with the success factors of crowdfunding campaigns. The authors reviewed high-quality empirical articles written in English between 2013 and 2018, gathered from five relevant databases and Q1–Q4 journals. The results and conclusions sections of the selected articles were coded and analyzed using the rules of the qualitative content analysis methodology. The authors found success factors analyzed by top researchers and grouped them into categories and themes. This paper provides a typology of the factors contributing to the success of crowdfunding campaigns which can be used as a framework for further research. The conclusions can help project initiators in the planning and execution phases of crowdfunding campaigns while creating a new perspective about crowdfunding campaign success forecasting.
作者的目的是从学术文献中创建一个关于众筹活动成功因素的概念框架。作者回顾了2013年至2018年间用英语撰写的高质量实证文章,这些文章来自五个相关数据库和第一季度至第四季度的期刊。所选文章的结果和结论部分使用定性内容分析方法的规则进行编码和分析。作者发现了顶尖研究人员分析的成功因素,并将其分为类别和主题。本文提供了众筹活动成功的因素类型,可作为进一步研究的框架。这些结论可以帮助项目发起人在众筹活动的规划和执行阶段,同时为众筹活动成功预测创造一个新的视角。
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引用次数: 1
On the bright side of the middle income trap. The Polish case 中等收入陷阱好的一面是。波兰的案例
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00025
Bartosz Michalski
The paper relates to the paradigm of the middle income trap (MIT) and covers mid-run challenges to the Polish economic development. Our theoretical background is based on the concepts of comparative advantage and intra-industry trade, while the empirical analysis concentrates on a sample of 14 product clusters. Obtained results reveal the competitive position of the Polish goods leading in the global mid- and high-tech exports. These findings may serve for the evidence-based smart industry and trade policy-making in Poland, as well as of other emerging economies. The fundamental question is which industries could serve as the engines of international expansion and become likely winners.
本文涉及中等收入陷阱(MIT)的范式,并涵盖了波兰经济发展面临的中期挑战。我们的理论背景是基于比较优势和产业内贸易的概念,而实证分析集中在14个产品集群的样本上。研究结果表明,波兰商品在全球中高技术出口中处于领先地位。这些发现可能有助于波兰以及其他新兴经济体基于证据的智能产业和贸易政策制定。根本问题是,哪些行业可以成为国际扩张的引擎,并可能成为赢家。
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引用次数: 1
Dynamic analysis of macroeconomic performance of the Balkan countries 巴尔干国家宏观经济绩效动态分析
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00027
A. Krstić, M. Jakšić, Predrag Mimović, D. Tadić
The paper presents the application of a non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique for measuring the macroeconomic performance of the Balkan countries. In this context, for the period of 2006–2018, a dynamic DEA Window model was applied based on selected macroeconomic indicators as input and output variables. For a more comprehensive and objective analysis, the DEA Window analysis is complemented by a Malmquist productivity index that provides a more complete picture of the observed entities' performance and shows a trend of change from period to period. The results showed that in the observed period, Albania and to a large extent Montenegro, especially after the end of the global financial crisis, had the highest average efficiency, that is, they used the available resources effectively to increase the GDP growth rates. The EU Member States, Greece and Croatia, in particular, achieved the highest growth in overall productivity over the observed period, and this growth was largely due to a change in technical efficiency.
本文介绍了应用非参数数据包络分析(DEA)技术来衡量巴尔干国家的宏观经济表现。在此背景下,2006-2018年期间,基于选定的宏观经济指标作为输入和输出变量,应用动态DEA窗口模型。为了进行更全面和客观的分析,DEA窗口分析与Malmquist生产率指数相补充,该指数提供了更完整的观察实体绩效图景,并显示了不同时期的变化趋势。结果表明,在观察期内,特别是在全球金融危机结束后,阿尔巴尼亚和黑山在很大程度上具有最高的平均效率,即有效利用现有资源来提高国内生产总值增长率。在观察到的期间内,欧盟成员国,特别是希腊和克罗地亚在总生产力方面取得了最高的增长,这种增长主要是由于技术效率的变化。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of oil price shocks on inflation: Do asymmetries matter? 油价冲击对通货膨胀的影响:不对称重要吗?
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00022
Taner Turan, Hüseyin Alperen Özer
Using cointegration approach and Augmented Phillips Curve framework, this study examines the effects of changes in the global oil prices on the inflation rate for five CEE countries between 1994 and 2018. Our research indicates the existence of cointegration for Czechia, Poland and Slovakia. We find a positive relationship between changes of oil prices and the inflation rate in Poland in the long run. Additionally, it seems that the changes in oil prices impact the inflation rate in the long run for Czechia, Hungary and Poland. In a non-linear model framework cointegration is found in Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia. Our findings suggest that changes in oil prices significantly affect the inflation rate in Czechia, Hungary and Poland in the long-run and in all countries in the short-run. More importantly, we demonstrate that the short- and long-run asymmetries play a significant role in explaining the dynamics of the inflation rate.
本研究采用协整方法和增广菲利普斯曲线框架,考察了1994年至2018年间全球油价变化对中东欧五国通货膨胀率的影响。我们的研究表明捷克、波兰和斯洛伐克存在协整。我们发现,从长期来看,波兰的油价变化与通货膨胀率之间存在正相关关系。此外,从长远来看,油价的变化似乎会影响捷克、匈牙利和波兰的通胀率。在非线性模型框架中,在捷克、匈牙利、波兰和斯洛文尼亚发现了协整。我们的研究结果表明,石油价格的变化对捷克、匈牙利和波兰的长期通货膨胀率和所有国家的短期通货膨胀率都有显著影响。更重要的是,我们证明了短期和长期不对称在解释通货膨胀率的动态方面发挥了重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
The institutional determinants of outward foreign direct investment 对外直接投资的制度决定因素
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00024
I. Drapkin, S. Lukyanov, Vadim Shelkovnikov
This study focuses on the influence of institution quality on foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows. For empirical estimation, we use a dataset covering 102 home and 67 host countries from 2001 to 2016. We use the gravity approach and apply the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood method to derive unbiased estimates. A set of institutional variables in a country is integrated into a single institutional index using principal component analysis. Our main findings are the following. First, we only identify a positive influence of the level of institutional development on FDI outflows for the institutionally developed countries. Second, we have not found evidence for crowding out national investment in the countries with weak institutions. Third, increases in the level of institutions stimulate horizontal rather than vertical outward FDI in an economy. Finally, institutional distance negatively affects the level of outward FDI only when the institutional distance between the two countries is large. The policy implications of this research are strongly in favour of further developing institutions.
本文主要研究制度质量对外国直接投资(FDI)流出的影响。为了进行实证估计,我们使用了涵盖2001年至2016年102个主场和67个东道国的数据集。我们使用重力方法并应用泊松伪极大似然方法来得到无偏估计。利用主成分分析法,将一个国家的一系列制度变量整合成一个单一的制度指数。我们的主要发现如下。首先,我们只确定制度发达国家的制度发展水平对外国直接投资流出的积极影响。其次,我们没有发现在制度薄弱的国家挤出国家投资的证据。第三,制度水平的提高会刺激经济体的横向(而非纵向)对外直接投资。最后,只有当两国之间的制度距离较大时,制度距离才会对对外直接投资水平产生负向影响。这项研究的政策含义强烈支持进一步发展制度。
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引用次数: 1
Cooperation and market socialism: Kant versus Nash 合作与市场社会主义:康德与纳什
IF 0.8 4区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00016
J. Roemer
The idea that socialism depends upon cooperation, as capitalism depends on competition, has always been inherent in the conception of socialism. Yet precise models of market socialism – ones, that is, that are sufficiently articulated so as to be able to discuss and compute an equilibrium in the economy – do not model cooperation in production, or more generally, in economic behavior. We introduce a Kantian optimization protocol, which, in contrast to Nash optimization, models how individuals can cooperate in labor and/or investment decisions. We prove that the ‘cooperative equilibrium’, thus modeled, is Pareto efficient whenever, in addition to receiving wages and rents, profits are distributed not to shareholders, but to workers and investors in proportion to their contributions to the firm. Pareto efficiency is achieved when the firms entire output is distributed to factor owners and shareholders do not exist.
社会主义依赖于合作,就像资本主义依赖于竞争一样,这种观点一直是社会主义概念中固有的。然而,市场社会主义的精确模型——也就是说,那些被充分阐述以便能够讨论和计算经济平衡的模型——并没有模拟生产中的合作,或者更普遍地说,没有模拟经济行为中的合作。我们引入了一个康德优化协议,与纳什优化相比,它模拟了个体如何在劳动和/或投资决策中进行合作。我们证明,这样建立的“合作均衡”是帕累托有效的,只要除了工资和租金之外,利润不是分配给股东,而是按工人和投资者对公司的贡献的比例分配给他们。当企业的全部产出分配给要素所有者而股东不存在时,就实现了帕累托效率。
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引用次数: 0
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Acta Oeconomica
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