Journal of Urban Management最新文献_第10页

Analyzing determinants of traffic violations in a multi-cultural setting: Case of Abu Dhabi 多元文化背景下交通违规的决定因素分析：以阿布扎比为例

IF 5 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.006

Praveen Maghelal , Zhizhao Li , Ahmed Alfarra , Pengyu Zhu

Abu Dhabi, the largest emirate in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has a diverse population of 2.908 million, with 81% being non-Emiratis from various global regions. This diversity in demographics introduces a complex driving environment with varying skills and experiences, particularly as the majority rely on private vehicles. Road accidents are a leading cause of death globally, with the eastern Mediterranean region, including the UAE, reporting high fatality rates. In Abu Dhabi, the unique licensing policy allows residents from certain countries to obtain a UAE license without testing, potentially contributing to traffic violations and accidents. This study examines the relationship between the UAE's licensing policies and traffic violations in Abu Dhabi using responses from 354 participants surveyed across five vehicle inspections centers, providing insights for policy improvements. We find that: 1) switching of license reports better driving behavior and fewer traffic violations in comparison to those testing for their UAE license; 2) foreign drivers from the Eastern have a lower frequency of traffic violations, which may be related to cultural differences; 3) household size, income, and education correlate with traffic violations; and 4) irritable drivers have a significantly higher frequency of violations. Our findings challenge assumptions about the risks associated with license conversion and highlight the complex interplay of sociodemographic factors, driving behaviors, and local driving knowledge in shaping traffic violation patterns.

阿布扎比是阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）最大的酋长国，拥有290.8万人口，其中81%是来自全球各地的非阿联酋人。人口统计数据的多样性带来了复杂的驾驶环境，需要不同的技能和经验，尤其是在大多数人依赖私家车的情况下。道路交通事故是全球死亡的主要原因，包括阿联酋在内的东地中海区域报告的死亡率很高。在阿布扎比，独特的许可证政策允许来自某些国家的居民无需考试即可获得阿联酋驾照，这可能会导致交通违规和事故。本研究利用来自五个车辆检查中心的354名参与者的反馈，研究了阿联酋许可政策与阿布扎比交通违规行为之间的关系，为政策改进提供了见解。我们发现：1)与那些测试阿联酋驾照的人相比，更换驾照的人报告了更好的驾驶行为和更少的交通违规行为；2)来自东方的外籍司机交通违规频率较低，这可能与文化差异有关；3)家庭规模、收入和受教育程度与交通违法行为相关；4)易怒司机的违规频率明显更高。我们的研究结果挑战了有关驾照转换风险的假设，并强调了社会人口因素、驾驶行为和当地驾驶知识在形成交通违规模式方面的复杂相互作用。

{"title":"Analyzing determinants of traffic violations in a multi-cultural setting: Case of Abu Dhabi","authors":"Praveen Maghelal , Zhizhao Li , Ahmed Alfarra , Pengyu Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abu Dhabi, the largest emirate in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has a diverse population of 2.908 million, with 81% being non-Emiratis from various global regions. This diversity in demographics introduces a complex driving environment with varying skills and experiences, particularly as the majority rely on private vehicles. Road accidents are a leading cause of death globally, with the eastern Mediterranean region, including the UAE, reporting high fatality rates. In Abu Dhabi, the unique licensing policy allows residents from certain countries to obtain a UAE license without testing, potentially contributing to traffic violations and accidents. This study examines the relationship between the UAE's licensing policies and traffic violations in Abu Dhabi using responses from 354 participants surveyed across five vehicle inspections centers, providing insights for policy improvements. We find that: 1) switching of license reports better driving behavior and fewer traffic violations in comparison to those testing for their UAE license; 2) foreign drivers from the Eastern have a lower frequency of traffic violations, which may be related to cultural differences; 3) household size, income, and education correlate with traffic violations; and 4) irritable drivers have a significantly higher frequency of violations. Our findings challenge assumptions about the risks associated with license conversion and highlight the complex interplay of sociodemographic factors, driving behaviors, and local driving knowledge in shaping traffic violation patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 675-689"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The factors in assessing “good houses” are multidimensional 评估“好房子”的因素是多方面的

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.02.003

Chen Hua

This paper examines the key factors in evaluating a "good house." When designing and constructing a house, safety must be a priority throughout the entire process. Based on the characteristics of the intended user group, potential health and hygiene risks should be minimized, and the spatial configuration of living facilities should be thoughtfully planned. From a long-term perspective, the house should accommodate various user behaviors while balancing cost-effectiveness and visual appeal. Additionally, a well-equipped community with strong interpersonal relationships and a prime location contributes significantly to the overall convenience of a “good house.” Beyond its function as real estate, a house also holds cultural and financial value, both of which influence its evaluation. As societal needs evolve, factors such as energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, personalized design, and the ability to support multiple concurrent activities will increasingly shape the standards for evaluating a “good house.”

本文考察了评估“好房子”的关键因素。在设计和建造房屋的整个过程中，安全必须是优先考虑的。根据预期用户群体的特点，尽量减少潜在的健康和卫生风险，并精心规划生活设施的空间配置。从长远的角度来看，房子应该适应各种用户行为，同时平衡成本效益和视觉吸引力。此外，一个设备完善的社区，拥有良好的人际关系和优越的地理位置，对“好房子”的整体便利性有很大的贡献。除了作为房地产的功能外，房屋还具有文化和金融价值，这两者都会影响其评估。随着社会需求的发展，诸如能源效率、环境可持续性、个性化设计以及支持多个并发活动的能力等因素将越来越多地塑造评估“好房子”的标准。

引用次数: 0

Urban tech ecosystems: A framework for assessing the impact of development policies on startup clusters 城市科技生态系统：评估发展政策对创业集群影响的框架

IF 5 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.009

Emílio Bertholdo, Karin Regina de Castro Marins

Startup clusters exert a significant influence on territorial dynamics and local urban development by attracting job opportunities, talent, and shaping market interest, supported by effective land use policies. This study examines the impact of Urban Development Policies (UDP) on technology startup clusters' sustainability, focused on the city of São Paulo, in Brazil. It recognizes a gap in understanding UDP's influence on cluster growth, which motivates the research. The study employs a four-phase method: technology mapping, territorial differentiation, metric configuration, and decentralized district aggregation, utilizing QGIS and Python. The results reveal a trend of cluster formation in UDP areas due to infrastructure, academic proximity, and commercial growth, highlighting the interplay between urban policies, infrastructure development, and economic opportunities. The findings provide insights to strategic urban development policies, emphasizing holistic strategies for employment enhancement, sustainable urban evolution, and effective talent and real estate management. These implications advance knowledge in urban issues, policy implementation, urban design, and urban services provision, pertinent to the global development context. Results show actionable solutions to address urban challenges, build innovative urban solutions and support local sustainable development with technology startup clusters.

在有效的土地利用政策的支持下，创业集群通过吸引就业机会、人才和塑造市场利益，对领土动态和当地城市发展产生重大影响。本研究考察了城市发展政策（UDP）对技术创业集群可持续性的影响，重点研究了巴西圣保罗市。它认识到在理解UDP对集群增长的影响方面存在差距，这激发了研究的动机。本研究采用QGIS和Python技术，采用技术制图、地域划分、度量配置和分散区域聚集四阶段方法。研究结果显示，由于基础设施、学术邻近和商业增长，UDP地区有集群形成的趋势，突出了城市政策、基础设施发展和经济机会之间的相互作用。研究结果为战略性城市发展政策提供了见解，强调了促进就业、可持续城市发展以及有效的人才和房地产管理的整体战略。这些影响促进了与全球发展背景相关的城市问题、政策实施、城市设计和城市服务提供方面的知识。结果显示了应对城市挑战的可行解决方案，构建创新的城市解决方案，并通过技术创业集群支持当地的可持续发展。

{"title":"Urban tech ecosystems: A framework for assessing the impact of development policies on startup clusters","authors":"Emílio Bertholdo, Karin Regina de Castro Marins","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Startup clusters exert a significant influence on territorial dynamics and local urban development by attracting job opportunities, talent, and shaping market interest, supported by effective land use policies. This study examines the impact of Urban Development Policies (UDP) on technology startup clusters' sustainability, focused on the city of São Paulo, in Brazil. It recognizes a gap in understanding UDP's influence on cluster growth, which motivates the research. The study employs a four-phase method: technology mapping, territorial differentiation, metric configuration, and decentralized district aggregation, utilizing QGIS and Python. The results reveal a trend of cluster formation in UDP areas due to infrastructure, academic proximity, and commercial growth, highlighting the interplay between urban policies, infrastructure development, and economic opportunities. The findings provide insights to strategic urban development policies, emphasizing holistic strategies for employment enhancement, sustainable urban evolution, and effective talent and real estate management. These implications advance knowledge in urban issues, policy implementation, urban design, and urban services provision, pertinent to the global development context. Results show actionable solutions to address urban challenges, build innovative urban solutions and support local sustainable development with technology startup clusters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 940-952"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding urban sprawl in Baqubah, Iraq: A study of influential factors 了解伊拉克巴古拜的城市扩张：影响因素研究

IF 5 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.013

Kimia Ghasemi , Abdullah Mohammed Jarallah Al-Zubaidi , Mohamad Molaei Qelichi , Kasra Dolatkhahi

Urban sprawl poses significant challenges to urban sustainability, spatial efficiency, and social equity, particularly in mid-sized cities within resource-constrained settings. This study addresses critical gaps in understanding the interplay between urban sprawl and densification processes in Baqubah, Iraq, a city experiencing rapid population growth within fixed spatial boundaries. Employing an integrated methodological framework, this research utilized satellite imagery from Landsat 7, 8, and 9 datasets, preprocessed with radiometric corrections using ENVI, GIS, and Google Earth software. Land cover data were classified through the maximum likelihood classification method to reveal spatial transformations over three decades (1992, 2007, and 2022). To analyze urban growth dynamics, the Holdren Index quantified the contributions of population growth and per capita land use changes. Spatial autocorrelation methods, including Moran's Index, High/Low Clustering, and Hot Spot Analysis, were applied to detect clustering patterns and significant spatial hotspots. Additionally, the MICMAC structural analysis method identified interdependencies among key drivers of urban sprawl. The findings indicate that urban growth in Baqubah from 1992 to 2022 has predominantly manifested as densification, with built-up areas increasing from 33.29% to 46.55%. Factors such as housing investment, shape index, economic growth, and planning policies emerged as critical drivers shaping these patterns. The research emphasizes sustainable strategies, including vertical expansion, green infrastructure preservation, participatory governance, and advanced spatial monitoring, to mitigate the adverse effects of sprawl while promoting sustainable urban development. These insights offer a replicable framework for addressing urbanization challenges in comparable mid-sized cities.

城市扩张对城市可持续性、空间效率和社会公平构成了重大挑战，尤其是在资源受限的中型城市。本研究解决了理解伊拉克巴古拜城市扩张和密度化过程之间相互作用的关键空白。巴古拜是一个在固定空间边界内经历人口快速增长的城市。本研究采用综合方法框架，利用来自Landsat 7、8和9数据集的卫星图像，使用ENVI、GIS和谷歌Earth软件进行辐射校正预处理。通过最大似然分类方法对土地覆盖数据进行分类，揭示了三十年（1992年、2007年和2022年）的空间变化。为了分析城市增长动态，霍尔德伦指数量化了人口增长和人均土地利用变化的贡献。采用Moran指数、高低聚类和热点分析等空间自相关方法检测聚类模式和显著空间热点。此外，MICMAC结构分析方法确定了城市扩张关键驱动因素之间的相互依赖性。研究结果表明：1992 - 2022年，巴古拜的城市增长主要表现为密度化，建成区面积从33.29%增加到46.55%；住房投资、形状指数、经济增长和规划政策等因素成为形成这些模式的关键驱动因素。研究强调了可持续发展战略，包括垂直扩张、绿色基础设施保护、参与式治理和先进的空间监测，以减轻城市扩张的不利影响，同时促进城市可持续发展。这些见解为解决类似中等城市的城市化挑战提供了一个可复制的框架。

{"title":"Understanding urban sprawl in Baqubah, Iraq: A study of influential factors","authors":"Kimia Ghasemi , Abdullah Mohammed Jarallah Al-Zubaidi , Mohamad Molaei Qelichi , Kasra Dolatkhahi","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban sprawl poses significant challenges to urban sustainability, spatial efficiency, and social equity, particularly in mid-sized cities within resource-constrained settings. This study addresses critical gaps in understanding the interplay between urban sprawl and densification processes in Baqubah, Iraq, a city experiencing rapid population growth within fixed spatial boundaries. Employing an integrated methodological framework, this research utilized satellite imagery from Landsat 7, 8, and 9 datasets, preprocessed with radiometric corrections using ENVI, GIS, and Google Earth software. Land cover data were classified through the maximum likelihood classification method to reveal spatial transformations over three decades (1992, 2007, and 2022). To analyze urban growth dynamics, the Holdren Index quantified the contributions of population growth and per capita land use changes. Spatial autocorrelation methods, including Moran's Index, High/Low Clustering, and Hot Spot Analysis, were applied to detect clustering patterns and significant spatial hotspots. Additionally, the MICMAC structural analysis method identified interdependencies among key drivers of urban sprawl. The findings indicate that urban growth in Baqubah from 1992 to 2022 has predominantly manifested as densification, with built-up areas increasing from 33.29% to 46.55%. Factors such as housing investment, shape index, economic growth, and planning policies emerged as critical drivers shaping these patterns. The research emphasizes sustainable strategies, including vertical expansion, green infrastructure preservation, participatory governance, and advanced spatial monitoring, to mitigate the adverse effects of sprawl while promoting sustainable urban development. These insights offer a replicable framework for addressing urbanization challenges in comparable mid-sized cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 787-812"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From a visual standpoint: Exploring the influence of the built environment, especially road ratio, on mental wellbeing before and after the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong 从视觉角度：探讨香港新冠疫情爆发前后，建筑环境，特别是道路比例对心理健康的影响

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.004

Ning Chen , Xiaodong Chen , Pengyu Zhu

Road ratio, representing the proportion of roads in the street view, exerts varying degrees of visual influence on the mental well-being of residents. In our study, we surveyed the psychological conditions of 2,636 Hong Kong residents across four periods: before, during, and after the pandemic. Utilizing machine learning algorithms, we analyzed street view images within a 100-m radius of the residents' locations to determine the proportion of roads within the street views. This served as a representation of the visual impact of roads on residents. Subsequently, we employed Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) models and Multinomial Logit (MNL) models to investigate the relationship between the proportion of road presence in street views and the frequency of various forms of stress among residents across the four identified periods. Our findings indicate that an increase in road ratio correlates with a higher incidence of diverse stress forms. This effect was particularly pronounced during the pandemic, where the influence of road ratio on the frequency of depressive episodes intensified and persisted even after the pandemic had ended. The significance of our research lies in its implications for future urban planning, specifically in how road ratio near residential areas can be reduced and offset with more natural elements to mitigate the adverse effects of road ratio on residents' mental health.

道路比率，代表道路在街景中的比例，对居民的心理健康产生不同程度的视觉影响。在我们的研究中，我们调查了2636名香港居民的心理状况，分为四个时期：大流行之前、期间和之后。利用机器学习算法，我们分析了居民位置100米半径范围内的街景图像，以确定街景中道路的比例。这代表了道路对居民的视觉影响。随后，我们采用普通最小二乘（OLS）模型和多项Logit （MNL）模型来研究街道景观中道路存在的比例与四个确定时期居民中各种形式压力的频率之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明，道路比率的增加与各种压力形式的高发生率相关。这种影响在大流行期间尤为明显，即使在大流行结束后，道路比率对抑郁症发作频率的影响仍在加剧和持续。本研究的意义在于其对未来城市规划的启示，特别是如何降低居住区附近的道路比率，并以更多的自然元素抵消道路比率，以减轻道路比率对居民心理健康的不利影响。

{"title":"From a visual standpoint: Exploring the influence of the built environment, especially road ratio, on mental wellbeing before and after the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong","authors":"Ning Chen , Xiaodong Chen , Pengyu Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Road ratio, representing the proportion of roads in the street view, exerts varying degrees of visual influence on the mental well-being of residents. In our study, we surveyed the psychological conditions of 2,636 Hong Kong residents across four periods: before, during, and after the pandemic. Utilizing machine learning algorithms, we analyzed street view images within a 100-m radius of the residents' locations to determine the proportion of roads within the street views. This served as a representation of the visual impact of roads on residents. Subsequently, we employed Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) models and Multinomial Logit (MNL) models to investigate the relationship between the proportion of road presence in street views and the frequency of various forms of stress among residents across the four identified periods. Our findings indicate that an increase in road ratio correlates with a higher incidence of diverse stress forms. This effect was particularly pronounced during the pandemic, where the influence of road ratio on the frequency of depressive episodes intensified and persisted even after the pandemic had ended. The significance of our research lies in its implications for future urban planning, specifically in how road ratio near residential areas can be reduced and offset with more natural elements to mitigate the adverse effects of road ratio on residents' mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 325-341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation-based evaluation of the impact of civic literacy on participatory urban planning: A study of introducing Shared Autonomous Vehicles 公民素养对参与式城市规划影响的模拟评估：引入共享自动驾驶汽车的研究

IF 5 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.02.001

Shiyuan Wang, Kazuo Hiekata, Takuya Nakashima

As participatory urban planning has gained traction recently, the consensus-building process among citizens has become crucial to its success. In particular, the level of understanding among citizens regarding new technologies or systems in the city, referred to as civic literacy in this study, can significantly impact the quality and speed of consensus building. While frameworks exist to replicate this consensus-building process, no research has considered differences in civic literacy or applied them to participatory urban planning issues. This study proposes a simulation-based method to quantitatively evaluate how civic literacy influences the consensus-building process for new policies. Consensus building process of the introduction of Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAVs) was examined as a case study. The python-based multi-agent simulator was built based on the group decision making framework combining with the level of understanding among citizen stakeholders which is represented by two factors: utility bias from true values and their variance (degree of uncertainty) regarding the benefits of SAVs. Through Monte Carlo simulations with several conditions, we observed significant variations in the patterns of change in both the speed and quality of the consensus-building process due to differences in initial values. For instance, changing the information level can, in some cases, more than double the time required for consensus. This effect varies greatly depending on the rigor of the consensus and the strength of the bias.

由于参与式城市规划最近获得了牵引力，在公民之间建立共识的过程已成为其成功的关键。特别是，市民对城市新技术或新系统的理解水平，在本研究中被称为公民素养，可以显著影响共识建立的质量和速度。虽然存在复制这一建立共识过程的框架，但没有研究考虑到公民素养的差异或将其应用于参与性城市规划问题。本研究提出了一种基于模拟的方法来定量评估公民素养如何影响新政策的共识建立过程。以共享自动驾驶汽车（sav）引入的共识构建过程为例进行了研究。基于python的多智能体模拟器基于群体决策框架，结合公民利益相关者之间的理解水平，由两个因素表示：真实值的效用偏差和他们对SAVs收益的方差（不确定性程度）。通过蒙特卡罗模拟几种条件，我们观察到由于初始值的差异，共识建立过程的速度和质量的变化模式存在显著差异。例如，在某些情况下，改变信息级别可能会使达成共识所需的时间增加一倍以上。这种影响因共识的严谨性和偏见的强度而有很大差异。

{"title":"Simulation-based evaluation of the impact of civic literacy on participatory urban planning: A study of introducing Shared Autonomous Vehicles","authors":"Shiyuan Wang, Kazuo Hiekata, Takuya Nakashima","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As participatory urban planning has gained traction recently, the consensus-building process among citizens has become crucial to its success. In particular, the level of understanding among citizens regarding new technologies or systems in the city, referred to as civic literacy in this study, can significantly impact the quality and speed of consensus building. While frameworks exist to replicate this consensus-building process, no research has considered differences in civic literacy or applied them to participatory urban planning issues. This study proposes a simulation-based method to quantitatively evaluate how civic literacy influences the consensus-building process for new policies. Consensus building process of the introduction of Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAVs) was examined as a case study. The python-based multi-agent simulator was built based on the group decision making framework combining with the level of understanding among citizen stakeholders which is represented by two factors: utility bias from true values and their variance (degree of uncertainty) regarding the benefits of SAVs. Through Monte Carlo simulations with several conditions, we observed significant variations in the patterns of change in both the speed and quality of the consensus-building process due to differences in initial values. For instance, changing the information level can, in some cases, more than double the time required for consensus. This effect varies greatly depending on the rigor of the consensus and the strength of the bias.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 769-786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using system dynamics to inform scenario planning: Application to the Souss-Massa basin, Morocco 利用系统动力学为情景规划提供信息：在摩洛哥Souss-Massa盆地的应用

IF 5 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.012

Ayoub Guemouria , Abdelghani Chehbouni , Salwa Belaqziz , Driss Dhiba , Lhoussaine Bouchaou

The watershed represents a holistic system whose poor understanding of its multiple subsystems can lead to a pronounced water scarcity. This study aims to develop an innovative technique for managing water resources within the Souss-Massa watershed. It uses the System Dynamics (SD) methodology to analyze the interplay among the factors involved in water supply and demand. The results show that under the Business As Usual (BAU) scenario, water sustainability in this watershed is not assured. Groundwater drawdown (GWD) will increase significantly, with an estimated average decrease of −337 Mm³ for the period 2022 to 2050. To remedy this critical situation, several simulations were developed, each representing a distinct scenario. Scenario 1 improves irrigation efficiency by 10%, while scenario 2 achieves a 20% improvement. Scenario 3 builds on scenario 2 by doubling the volume of reused water. Scenario 4 extends scenario 3 by also doubling the volume of desalinated water. Scenario 5 combines the 10% improvement in irrigation efficiency from scenario 1 with a doubling of both reused and desalinated water volumes, along with a stabilization of irrigated areas. Scenario 6 adds a 7% increase in water supply to the measures in scenario 5. Finally, scenario 7 combines the 10% irrigation efficiency improvement from scenario 1 with a doubling of reused and desalinated water volumes, but reduces the irrigated area by 15%. This study is of crucial importance to decision-makers, as it provides them with strategies for promoting water-saving practices and, consequently, advancing the sustainable development agenda.

流域代表了一个整体系统，对其多个子系统的理解不足可能导致明显的水资源短缺。本研究旨在开发一种管理苏萨-马萨流域水资源的创新技术。它使用系统动力学（SD）方法来分析涉及供水和需求的因素之间的相互作用。结果表明，在“一切照旧”情景下，该流域的水资源可持续性得不到保证。地下水降水（GWD）将显著增加，预计2022年至2050年期间平均减少- 337 Mm3。为了纠正这种危急情况，开发了几个模拟，每个模拟代表一个不同的场景。情景1将灌溉效率提高10%，而情景2将提高20%。方案3建立在方案2的基础上，将回用水量增加一倍。方案4扩展方案3，也将淡化水的体积增加一倍。方案5与方案1相比，灌溉效率提高了10%，重复用水和脱盐水量增加了一倍，灌溉面积也稳定了下来。在方案5的措施基础上，方案6增加了7%的供水。最后，方案7结合了方案1中10%的灌溉效率提高，再利用和脱盐水量增加了一倍，但灌溉面积减少了15%。这项研究对决策者至关重要，因为它为他们提供了促进节水做法，从而推进可持续发展议程的战略。

{"title":"Using system dynamics to inform scenario planning: Application to the Souss-Massa basin, Morocco","authors":"Ayoub Guemouria , Abdelghani Chehbouni , Salwa Belaqziz , Driss Dhiba , Lhoussaine Bouchaou","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The watershed represents a holistic system whose poor understanding of its multiple subsystems can lead to a pronounced water scarcity. This study aims to develop an innovative technique for managing water resources within the Souss-Massa watershed. It uses the System Dynamics (SD) methodology to analyze the interplay among the factors involved in water supply and demand. The results show that under the Business As Usual (BAU) scenario, water sustainability in this watershed is not assured. Groundwater drawdown (GWD) will increase significantly, with an estimated average decrease of −337 Mm<sup>3</sup> for the period 2022 to 2050. To remedy this critical situation, several simulations were developed, each representing a distinct scenario. Scenario 1 improves irrigation efficiency by 10%, while scenario 2 achieves a 20% improvement. Scenario 3 builds on scenario 2 by doubling the volume of reused water. Scenario 4 extends scenario 3 by also doubling the volume of desalinated water. Scenario 5 combines the 10% improvement in irrigation efficiency from scenario 1 with a doubling of both reused and desalinated water volumes, along with a stabilization of irrigated areas. Scenario 6 adds a 7% increase in water supply to the measures in scenario 5. Finally, scenario 7 combines the 10% irrigation efficiency improvement from scenario 1 with a doubling of reused and desalinated water volumes, but reduces the irrigated area by 15%. This study is of crucial importance to decision-makers, as it provides them with strategies for promoting water-saving practices and, consequently, advancing the sustainable development agenda.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 753-768"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associating COVID-19 prevalence and built environment design: An explainable machine learning approach 关联COVID-19患病率和建筑环境设计：一种可解释的机器学习方法

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.009

Qingyao Qiao , Chongyang Ren , Shuning Chen , Reka Tundokova , Ka Yan Lai , Chinmoy Sarkar , Yulun Zhou , Chris Webster , Eric Schuldenfrei

Stay-at-home orders were globally adopted as one of the most important nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the recent global pandemic. In a high-rise high-density context of Hong Kong, inter-building airborne transmissions were reported, especially in public housing. The role of residential building design in infection dynamics is under-studied. To unravel how architectural and urban design was linked to airborne virus transmission during the pandemic, we fitted explainable machine learning (EML) models associating COVID-19 prevalence with architectural design controlling for other built environment (BE) factors including socio-demographics, road information, land use, and points of interest (POIs). 284 public housing that underwent restriction-testing declaration (RTD) during the peak period of the pandemic's fifth wave were our sample. An additional 35 RTD-issued private housing blocks were used for an initial comparison of infection prevalence across public and private housing. Our findings show a significant differential in prevalence over different design forms, with "8-" and "L-" shaped buildings appearing to be more susceptible, with a significantly greater percentage of infections than "X-" and "Y-" shaped structures. The percentage of vacant land, public residential within a 500-m buffer, and the proportion of children ages under 14 at small tertiary planning unit level (STPU) were the three most influential co-variates in our model. Among specific architectural design features, the number of floors, radial layouts, and building corners were the most significantly associated with COVID-19 prevalence, followed by building average flat (apartment) size and shape factor. The study indicates that public housing residents were more at risk during this wave of the pandemic, which needs further investigation. Using machine learning, we provide insights into how to manage the design of high density neighbourhoods for resilience against airborne disease vectors.

在最近的全球大流行期间，居家令被全球采纳为最重要的非药物干预措施之一。在香港的高层高密度环境中，有报告称建筑物间的空气传播，特别是在公共房屋中。住宅建筑设计在感染动力学中的作用尚未得到充分研究。为了揭示大流行期间建筑和城市设计如何与空气传播病毒联系起来，我们拟合了可解释的机器学习（EML）模型，将COVID-19的流行与建筑设计联系起来，控制其他建筑环境（BE）因素，包括社会人口统计学、道路信息、土地使用和兴趣点（poi）。以第五波疫情高峰期实施限制检测申报（RTD）的284套公共住房为样本。另外35个rtd发放的私人住房被用于初步比较公共和私人住房的感染流行情况。我们的研究结果显示，不同的设计形式在流行程度上存在显著差异，“8”形和“L”形的建筑似乎更容易受到感染，感染的比例明显高于“X”形和“Y”形的建筑。在我们的模型中，三个最具影响力的协变量是空地百分比、500米缓冲区内的公共住宅和小三级规划单位（STPU） 14岁以下儿童的比例。在具体的建筑设计特征中，楼层数量、径向布局和建筑角落与COVID-19患病率的关系最为显著，其次是建筑平均公寓（公寓）大小和形状因子。该研究表明，在这波大流行期间，公共住房居民面临的风险更大，这需要进一步调查。利用机器学习，我们提供了如何管理高密度社区设计以抵御空气传播疾病媒介的见解。

{"title":"Associating COVID-19 prevalence and built environment design: An explainable machine learning approach","authors":"Qingyao Qiao , Chongyang Ren , Shuning Chen , Reka Tundokova , Ka Yan Lai , Chinmoy Sarkar , Yulun Zhou , Chris Webster , Eric Schuldenfrei","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stay-at-home orders were globally adopted as one of the most important nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the recent global pandemic. In a high-rise high-density context of Hong Kong, inter-building airborne transmissions were reported, especially in public housing. The role of residential building design in infection dynamics is under-studied. To unravel how architectural and urban design was linked to airborne virus transmission during the pandemic, we fitted explainable machine learning (EML) models associating COVID-19 prevalence with architectural design controlling for other built environment (BE) factors including socio-demographics, road information, land use, and points of interest (POIs). 284 public housing that underwent restriction-testing declaration (RTD) during the peak period of the pandemic's fifth wave were our sample. An additional 35 RTD-issued private housing blocks were used for an initial comparison of infection prevalence across public and private housing. Our findings show a significant differential in prevalence over different design forms, with \"8-\" and \"L-\" shaped buildings appearing to be more susceptible, with a significantly greater percentage of infections than \"X-\" and \"Y-\" shaped structures. The percentage of vacant land, public residential within a 500-m buffer, and the proportion of children ages under 14 at small tertiary planning unit level (STPU) were the three most influential co-variates in our model. Among specific architectural design features, the number of floors, radial layouts, and building corners were the most significantly associated with COVID-19 prevalence, followed by building average flat (apartment) size and shape factor. The study indicates that public housing residents were more at risk during this wave of the pandemic, which needs further investigation. Using machine learning, we provide insights into how to manage the design of high density neighbourhoods for resilience against airborne disease vectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 342-361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How does urban spatial structure affect sustainable development Goal 11.7? An empirical study of 265 cities in China 城市空间结构如何影响可持续发展目标11.7？中国265个城市的实证研究

IF 5 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.008

Kan Wang, Xing Dang, Jianjun Bai

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 11.7 (SDG 11.7) is primarily used to assess the sustainability of urban public spaces. Urban spatial structure (USS) can profoundly influence the level of SDG 11.7. Existing research has typically focused on the impact of single-dimensional USS indicators on SDG 11.7, often failing to incorporate multiple dimensions into a comprehensive evaluation system. Based on an assessment of SDG 11.7 in 265 Chinese cities, this study selected six-dimensional USS indicators that comprehensively reflect various aspects of USS, namely, urban size, urban sprawl, urban accessibility, urban expansion, urban compactness, and urban shape. It then systematically analyzed the impact of these indicators on SDG 11.7 using panel regression, geographically and temporally weighted regression, quantile regression, and the spatial Durbin model. Furthermore, this study explored the spatial heterogeneity, nonlinear characteristics, and spatial effects present in the influence of USS on SDG 11.7. The findings indicated the following: (1) urban size, accessibility, and compactness significantly impacted SDG 11.7, with urban size and accessibility having positive effects; (2) the impact of USS on SDG 11.7 varied across different spatial locations, and these spatial disparities evolved over time; (3) the impact of USS on SDG 11.7 exhibited nonlinear characteristics. In cities with higher SDG 11.7 levels, the positive effects of urban accessibility and shape became more pronounced; (4) USS affected not only local SDG 11.7 but also that of neighboring cities through spatial effects. These findings elucidate how USS affects SDG 11.7, thereby providing decision support for sustainable urban development.

联合国可持续发展目标11.7 （SDG 11.7）主要用于评估城市公共空间的可持续性。城市空间结构（USS）可以深刻影响可持续发展目标11.7的水平。现有研究通常侧重于单一维度的USS指标对可持续发展目标11.7的影响，往往未能将多个维度纳入综合评估体系。基于对中国265个城市的SDG 11.7的评估，本研究选择了综合反映城市规模、城市蔓延、城市可达性、城市扩张、城市紧凑性和城市形态等城市可持续发展各个方面的六维可持续发展指标。然后，利用面板回归、地理和时间加权回归、分位数回归和空间Durbin模型系统地分析了这些指标对可持续发展目标11.7的影响。此外，本研究还探讨了USS对SDG 11.7影响的空间异质性、非线性特征和空间效应。结果表明：(1)城市规模、可达性和紧凑性显著影响可持续发展目标11.7，城市规模和可达性具有正向影响；(2)可持续发展战略对可持续发展目标11.7的影响在不同的空间位置上存在差异，且这些空间差异随着时间的推移而演变；(3) USS对SDG 11.7的影响呈现非线性特征。在可持续发展目标11.7水平较高的城市，城市可达性和形状的积极影响更为明显；(4) USS不仅影响本地SDG 11.7，还通过空间效应影响周边城市的SDG 11.7。这些发现阐明了城市可持续发展是如何影响可持续发展目标11.7的，从而为可持续城市发展提供决策支持。

{"title":"How does urban spatial structure affect sustainable development Goal 11.7? An empirical study of 265 cities in China","authors":"Kan Wang, Xing Dang, Jianjun Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 11.7 (SDG 11.7) is primarily used to assess the sustainability of urban public spaces. Urban spatial structure (USS) can profoundly influence the level of SDG 11.7. Existing research has typically focused on the impact of single-dimensional USS indicators on SDG 11.7, often failing to incorporate multiple dimensions into a comprehensive evaluation system. Based on an assessment of SDG 11.7 in 265 Chinese cities, this study selected six-dimensional USS indicators that comprehensively reflect various aspects of USS, namely, urban size, urban sprawl, urban accessibility, urban expansion, urban compactness, and urban shape. It then systematically analyzed the impact of these indicators on SDG 11.7 using panel regression, geographically and temporally weighted regression, quantile regression, and the spatial Durbin model. Furthermore, this study explored the spatial heterogeneity, nonlinear characteristics, and spatial effects present in the influence of USS on SDG 11.7. The findings indicated the following: (1) urban size, accessibility, and compactness significantly impacted SDG 11.7, with urban size and accessibility having positive effects; (2) the impact of USS on SDG 11.7 varied across different spatial locations, and these spatial disparities evolved over time; (3) the impact of USS on SDG 11.7 exhibited nonlinear characteristics. In cities with higher SDG 11.7 levels, the positive effects of urban accessibility and shape became more pronounced; (4) USS affected not only local SDG 11.7 but also that of neighboring cities through spatial effects. These findings elucidate how USS affects SDG 11.7, thereby providing decision support for sustainable urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 700-716"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How far and discernible are public toilets? A city-scale study using spatial analytics and deep learning in Nanjing, China 公共厕所有多远，有多容易辨认？基于空间分析和深度学习的南京城市尺度研究

IF 5 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.011

Yue Dai, Lifei Wang, Zhen Xu, Mingyu Li

Everyone needs access to public toilets, yet despite their importance in ensuring timely use, the shortage and limited availability of public toilets remain a global challenge. Conventional assessments of public toilet services often overlook actual usage patterns and focus solely on physical distance, neglecting wayfinding convenience in shaping user experience. This study addresses these gaps by conducting a city-wide analysis of public toilet service efficiency in Nanjing, China, emphasizing both accessibility and wayfinding. An online route planning algorithm was employed to generate a 5-, 10-, and 15-min catchment area map, quantifying the spatial coverage of public toilets. Additionally, deep learning techniques were utilized to detect public toilet signage in Nanjing's old urban area street views to assess wayfinding convenience. The results indicate an average toilet density of 0.91 units per km², with 10-min catchment areas covering 27.47% of the city space, 71.36% of the population, and 82.00% of public service points of interest in Nanjing. However, signage is present at only 38.32% of public toilets within the old urban area, revealing disparities in distribution, coverage gaps, and inadequate signage in certain areas. To address these gaps, Nanjing could expand public toilet facilities to enlarge the 10-min catchment areas and encourage more businesses to open their toilets to the public. Additionally, increasing signage, including for social public toilets, could improve wayfinding and thus enhance the service efficiency of public toilets across the city. This study offers actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers to improve public toilet infrastructure. Moreover, the methodology provides a scalable framework for evaluating urban infrastructure in cities worldwide.

每个人都需要使用公厕，然而，尽管公厕在确保及时使用方面很重要，但公厕短缺和可用性有限仍然是一个全球性挑战。对公共厕所服务的传统评估往往忽视了实际的使用模式，只关注物理距离，忽视了在塑造用户体验方面的寻路便利性。本研究通过对中国南京全市公共厕所服务效率进行分析，强调可达性和寻路性，解决了这些差距。采用在线路线规划算法生成5分钟、10分钟和15分钟集水区地图，量化公厕的空间覆盖范围。此外，深度学习技术被用于检测南京老城区街景中的公共厕所标志，以评估寻路便利性。结果表明，南京平均厕所密度为0.91个/ km2, 10分钟集水区面积占城市空间的27.47%，人口的71.36%，公共服务兴趣点的82.00%。然而，在旧城区，只有38.32%的公厕安装了标识，这表明在分布上存在差异，覆盖范围存在差距，某些地区标识不足。为了解决这些问题，南京可以扩大公共厕所设施，扩大10分钟的集水区，并鼓励更多企业向公众开放厕所。此外，增加标识，包括社会公厕的标识，可以改善寻路，从而提高整个城市公厕的服务效率。本研究为城市规划者和政策制定者改善公共厕所基础设施提供了可操作的见解。此外，该方法为评估全球城市的城市基础设施提供了一个可扩展的框架。

{"title":"How far and discernible are public toilets? A city-scale study using spatial analytics and deep learning in Nanjing, China","authors":"Yue Dai, Lifei Wang, Zhen Xu, Mingyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Everyone needs access to public toilets, yet despite their importance in ensuring timely use, the shortage and limited availability of public toilets remain a global challenge. Conventional assessments of public toilet services often overlook actual usage patterns and focus solely on physical distance, neglecting wayfinding convenience in shaping user experience. This study addresses these gaps by conducting a city-wide analysis of public toilet service efficiency in Nanjing, China, emphasizing both accessibility and wayfinding. An online route planning algorithm was employed to generate a 5-, 10-, and 15-min catchment area map, quantifying the spatial coverage of public toilets. Additionally, deep learning techniques were utilized to detect public toilet signage in Nanjing's old urban area street views to assess wayfinding convenience. The results indicate an average toilet density of 0.91 units per km<sup>2</sup>, with 10-min catchment areas covering 27.47% of the city space, 71.36% of the population, and 82.00% of public service points of interest in Nanjing. However, signage is present at only 38.32% of public toilets within the old urban area, revealing disparities in distribution, coverage gaps, and inadequate signage in certain areas. To address these gaps, Nanjing could expand public toilet facilities to enlarge the 10-min catchment areas and encourage more businesses to open their toilets to the public. Additionally, increasing signage, including for social public toilets, could improve wayfinding and thus enhance the service efficiency of public toilets across the city. This study offers actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers to improve public toilet infrastructure. Moreover, the methodology provides a scalable framework for evaluating urban infrastructure in cities worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 735-752"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0