Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-08-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.07.010
Zihan Wang, Yanguang Chen, Muchen Zheng
Fire stations are critical urban public infrastructures, and their spatial distribution should align with the spatial patterns of urban buildings to ensure efficient service delivery. Evaluating the rationality of fire station distributions requires appropriate methods, yet conventional spatial analysis approaches rely on characteristic scales that fail to capture the scale-free nature of urban forms. This study employs fractal geometry to analyze the spatial distribution of urban fire stations in 15 Chinese cities, using point-of-interest (POI) data from Gaode Map and building footprint data from OpenStreetMap (OSM). The results demonstrate that both urban fire station networks and building footprints exhibit fractal properties. However, the fractal dimension of fire stations is consistently smaller than that of building footprints, indicating insufficient spatial coverage. Furthermore, the fractal dimension of large fire stations is generally lower than that of small fire stations, suggesting an imbalance in the hierarchical structure of fire station networks. Fractal geometry provides a novel and effective framework for comparing the spatial isomorphism between fire station networks and urban forms. But the fractal structure of fire stations in Chinese cities does not adequately match the fractal structure of buildings, with an insufficient number of small fire stations preventing the formation of robust fractal hierarchies. This study contributes to the development of fractal-based approaches to urban planning, providing new methods for optimizing fire station layouts in complex urban systems.
{"title":"Fractal dimension analysis of spatial distribution rationality of urban fire stations","authors":"Zihan Wang, Yanguang Chen, Muchen Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fire stations are critical urban public infrastructures, and their spatial distribution should align with the spatial patterns of urban buildings to ensure efficient service delivery. Evaluating the rationality of fire station distributions requires appropriate methods, yet conventional spatial analysis approaches rely on characteristic scales that fail to capture the scale-free nature of urban forms. This study employs fractal geometry to analyze the spatial distribution of urban fire stations in 15 Chinese cities, using point-of-interest (POI) data from Gaode Map and building footprint data from OpenStreetMap (OSM). The results demonstrate that both urban fire station networks and building footprints exhibit fractal properties. However, the fractal dimension of fire stations is consistently smaller than that of building footprints, indicating insufficient spatial coverage. Furthermore, the fractal dimension of large fire stations is generally lower than that of small fire stations, suggesting an imbalance in the hierarchical structure of fire station networks. Fractal geometry provides a novel and effective framework for comparing the spatial isomorphism between fire station networks and urban forms. But the fractal structure of fire stations in Chinese cities does not adequately match the fractal structure of buildings, with an insufficient number of small fire stations preventing the formation of robust fractal hierarchies. This study contributes to the development of fractal-based approaches to urban planning, providing new methods for optimizing fire station layouts in complex urban systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 405-420"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147415207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste management is a significantly challenging task in all countries, with the increasing amount of waste being produced by the proliferating population. Conventionally, the inefficient system is followed with irregular schedules, non-optimized routing, and failed prediction of waste generation which might increase the operational costs, inefficient resource utilization, and degradation of the environments. Manually managing waste takes enormous time hence internet of things-based smart management has been implemented in many smart cities. Meanwhile, it became a hot topic and probed the explicit link between the population and waste. The smart management of waste is predominant for disposal in big cities. Concerning these issues, this work proposes an innovative technique for smart bin monitoring and solid waste management. It is also associated with the machine learning approach for the status predictions of bins incorporated with waste forecasting prediction for the future. These are achieved with IoT-based devices. The IoT-based sensors are used to collect the information from the smart bins and forward to the storage module for further processing. The installation of bins in the required area is achieved with the statistical bin distribution approach followed by the Dynamic Bald Eagle search optimization algorithm (DBESO) based Kernel Soft Extreme Learning Machine (KSELM) technique is proposed for the status prediction of bins and future waste generation forecasting prediction. For effective disposal of waste, the levels of the bins are classified as Null, Partial, and Loaded levels and thus alert the users and avert the overflow of the waste. The information is passed to the successor stage through the wireless connection and saves the environment from the pollution. The integrated version of the proposed work provides better solutions for the theoretical advancements incorporated with real-time waste management solutions in smart cities. Based on the iteration of 20th to 100th our proposed system reached the proposed precision levels of 94.9 %, 95.4 %, 95.2 %, 96.1 % and 96.3 % that are better than the other approaches. The accuracy of predicting the waste attains 96.42 % which is higher than the existing works.
{"title":"Optimizing waste management in smart cities: An IoT-Based approach using dynamic bald eagle search optimization algorithm (DBESO) and machine learning","authors":"Houssem Jerbi , V.G. Anisha Gnana Vincy , Sondess Ben Aoun , Rabeh Abbassi , Mourad Kchaou","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.05.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waste management is a significantly challenging task in all countries, with the increasing amount of waste being produced by the proliferating population. Conventionally, the inefficient system is followed with irregular schedules, non-optimized routing, and failed prediction of waste generation which might increase the operational costs, inefficient resource utilization, and degradation of the environments. Manually managing waste takes enormous time hence internet of things-based smart management has been implemented in many smart cities. Meanwhile, it became a hot topic and probed the explicit link between the population and waste. The smart management of waste is predominant for disposal in big cities. Concerning these issues, this work proposes an innovative technique for smart bin monitoring and solid waste management. It is also associated with the machine learning approach for the status predictions of bins incorporated with waste forecasting prediction for the future. These are achieved with IoT-based devices. The IoT-based sensors are used to collect the information from the smart bins and forward to the storage module for further processing. The installation of bins in the required area is achieved with the statistical bin distribution approach followed by the Dynamic Bald Eagle search optimization algorithm (DBESO) based Kernel Soft Extreme Learning Machine (KSELM) technique is proposed for the status prediction of bins and future waste generation forecasting prediction. For effective disposal of waste, the levels of the bins are classified as Null, Partial, and Loaded levels and thus alert the users and avert the overflow of the waste. The information is passed to the successor stage through the wireless connection and saves the environment from the pollution. The integrated version of the proposed work provides better solutions for the theoretical advancements incorporated with real-time waste management solutions in smart cities. Based on the iteration of 20th to 100th our proposed system reached the proposed precision levels of 94.9 %, 95.4 %, 95.2 %, 96.1 % and 96.3 % that are better than the other approaches. The accuracy of predicting the waste attains 96.42 % which is higher than the existing works.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 114-130"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147414891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.05.002
Farzana Faiza Farha , Mohammad Ashraf Ali , Fyrooz Anika Khan , Ishrat Islam, Paromita Shome
COVID-19 brought unprecedented challenges in the lives of people all over the world. Governments all across the globe acted actively to overcome the challenges and curb the disastrous effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The challenges were manifold in densely populated urban areas. Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is one of the most densely populated cities of the world. Local government institutions of Dhaka faced severe challenges to address COVID-related health and socio-economic issues. However, unlike the developed nations, which are quite resourceful, the local government institutions (LGIs) of the developing countries had limited resources during the pandemic. This study aimed to comprehend the level of services of the LGIs worldwide in tackling the pandemic and the differences in their activities. Extensive literature reviews were conducted for a comparative analysis of the LGIs’ initiatives in 30 developed and developing countries. Furthermore, Ward 28 of Dhaka South City Corporation was studied as a case study to assess the activities of local government institutions in Dhaka in light of the roles played by global LGIs. This ward was purposefully chosen for its unique features, such as: being one of the world’s most densely populated neighbourhoods, having a diverse employment nature and multiple local organisations that had actively worked with the LGIs, and having a high vulnerability to COVID-19 spreading. The response actions of LGIs in this ward were investigated through several key informant interviews and focus group discussions. This study reveals that both developed and developing countries’ LGIs made effective provisions for food, finance and medical aid, enforced restrictions, disseminated up-to-date information, increased awareness, and managed infectious wastes carefully to contain the virus. However, developing countries had drawbacks in direct service provisions, such as monetary assistance, home delivery of food and medicine, and community helpline service. Some commendable measures of Ward 28 of DSCC include controlling vaccination rumours and discreetly aiding respectable families. Moreover, the active participation of Community-Based Organisations is quite laudable. Strong interrelationships among stakeholders, building financial, technical and institutional capabilities, technological advancement, education, training and awareness programs are identified as some of the prerequisites for efficient pandemic management. This study’s insights can be instrumental in addressing similar crises, particularly in Asia’s developing countries.
{"title":"Combating COVID-19 Pandemic: Role of local government institutions of developed and developing countries and assessing the activities of Ward 28 of Dhaka from this perspective","authors":"Farzana Faiza Farha , Mohammad Ashraf Ali , Fyrooz Anika Khan , Ishrat Islam, Paromita Shome","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>COVID-19 brought unprecedented challenges in the lives of people all over the world. Governments all across the globe acted actively to overcome the challenges and curb the disastrous effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The challenges were manifold in densely populated urban areas. Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is one of the most densely populated cities of the world. Local government institutions of Dhaka faced severe challenges to address COVID-related health and socio-economic issues. However, unlike the developed nations, which are quite resourceful, the local government institutions (LGIs) of the developing countries had limited resources during the pandemic. This study aimed to comprehend the level of services of the LGIs worldwide in tackling the pandemic and the differences in their activities. Extensive literature reviews were conducted for a comparative analysis of the LGIs’ initiatives in 30 developed and developing countries. Furthermore, Ward 28 of Dhaka South City Corporation was studied as a case study to assess the activities of local government institutions in Dhaka in light of the roles played by global LGIs. This ward was purposefully chosen for its unique features, such as: being one of the world’s most densely populated neighbourhoods, having a diverse employment nature and multiple local organisations that had actively worked with the LGIs, and having a high vulnerability to COVID-19 spreading. The response actions of LGIs in this ward were investigated through several key informant interviews and focus group discussions. This study reveals that both developed and developing countries’ LGIs made effective provisions for food, finance and medical aid, enforced restrictions, disseminated up-to-date information, increased awareness, and managed infectious wastes carefully to contain the virus. However, developing countries had drawbacks in direct service provisions, such as monetary assistance, home delivery of food and medicine, and community helpline service. Some commendable measures of Ward 28 of DSCC include controlling vaccination rumours and discreetly aiding respectable families. Moreover, the active participation of Community-Based Organisations is quite laudable. Strong interrelationships among stakeholders, building financial, technical and institutional capabilities, technological advancement, education, training and awareness programs are identified as some of the prerequisites for efficient pandemic management. This study’s insights can be instrumental in addressing similar crises, particularly in Asia’s developing countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 1356-1374"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-05-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.04.012
Abdulaziz I. Almulhim , Md Arif Hasan , Yusuf A. Aina , Ayyoob Sharifi , Fatema Hossain
The transportation sector is a key contributor to global GHG emissions. Policymakers in Saudi Arabia have realized the necessity to prioritize climate action across different sectors, including transportation. However, there is a limited understanding of specific mitigation measures that need to be prioritized. In this study, we adopted a multi-criteria analysis approach that relies on expert opinions to address this gap. Results show that, among different types of measures, experts prioritize the following in descending order of preference: promoting active and public transportation, switching to EV, travel demand management, improving efficiency, and carbon pricing. Each of these measures can provide mitigation opportunities. However, their implementation could be challenging and may result in trade-offs, particularly regarding economic costs and justice. We discuss that the successful implementation of these measures requires integrated policy making across different sectors, including land use planning, finance, and technology. We discuss the necessity of land use planning approaches based on accessibility, proximity, and compactness measures (e.g., following the 15-min city principles) to incrementally make the urban form compatible with active and public transportation necessities. Promoting behavioral changes is another important measure that needs attention. All these measures should be implemented carefully to avoid disproportionate impacts on certain societal groups such as low-income people. We conclude the study by providing policy recommendations and suggestions for future research.
{"title":"Priority measures for mitigating transport-related carbon emissions in Saudi Arabia: A multi-criteria analysis","authors":"Abdulaziz I. Almulhim , Md Arif Hasan , Yusuf A. Aina , Ayyoob Sharifi , Fatema Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transportation sector is a key contributor to global GHG emissions. Policymakers in Saudi Arabia have realized the necessity to prioritize climate action across different sectors, including transportation. However, there is a limited understanding of specific mitigation measures that need to be prioritized. In this study, we adopted a multi-criteria analysis approach that relies on expert opinions to address this gap. Results show that, among different types of measures, experts prioritize the following in descending order of preference: promoting active and public transportation, switching to EV, travel demand management, improving efficiency, and carbon pricing. Each of these measures can provide mitigation opportunities. However, their implementation could be challenging and may result in trade-offs, particularly regarding economic costs and justice. We discuss that the successful implementation of these measures requires integrated policy making across different sectors, including land use planning, finance, and technology. We discuss the necessity of land use planning approaches based on accessibility, proximity, and compactness measures (e.g., following the 15-min city principles) to incrementally make the urban form compatible with active and public transportation necessities. Promoting behavioral changes is another important measure that needs attention. All these measures should be implemented carefully to avoid disproportionate impacts on certain societal groups such as low-income people. We conclude the study by providing policy recommendations and suggestions for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 1202-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-04-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.03.005
Hui Zhao , Zhong Wang , Jiaming Luo , Fangru Hu
Bike-sharing is regarded as a green and economical public transport mode. However, how to scientifically predict its carbon emission reduction effect is still on the way. This article builds an assessment model for emission reduction of bike-sharing. The modeling is based on the rational person hypothesis that consumers take transportation consumption expenditure as a budget constraint, and get the optimal number of trips of shared bikes for utility maximization. Then, we take Beijing as an example to carry out empirical research, whereby data on key influencing factors were collected through questionnaires and situational analysis. Finally, it is predicted that the carbon emission reduction contributed by bike-sharing in Beijing will be approximately 522,540.32–1,135,957.21 tons in 2025–2030. This study can provide a benchmark theoretical model for urban emission reduction, as well as a reference for public transport policy and environmental policy formulation.
{"title":"Prediction of the effect of bike-sharing on urban carbon emission reduction: Evidence from Beijing","authors":"Hui Zhao , Zhong Wang , Jiaming Luo , Fangru Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bike-sharing is regarded as a green and economical public transport mode. However, how to scientifically predict its carbon emission reduction effect is still on the way. This article builds an assessment model for emission reduction of bike-sharing. The modeling is based on the rational person hypothesis that consumers take transportation consumption expenditure as a budget constraint, and get the optimal number of trips of shared bikes for utility maximization. Then, we take Beijing as an example to carry out empirical research, whereby data on key influencing factors were collected through questionnaires and situational analysis. Finally, it is predicted that the carbon emission reduction contributed by bike-sharing in Beijing will be approximately 522,540.32–1,135,957.21 tons in 2025–2030. This study can provide a benchmark theoretical model for urban emission reduction, as well as a reference for public transport policy and environmental policy formulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 990-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145580430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.04.008
Sapta Suhardono , Laili Fitria , Wisnu Prayogo , Chun-Hung Lee , I Wayan Koko Suryawan
This research investigates the adoption of digital twin technology for marine debris management in Bali, focusing on the regions of Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, and Tabanan. Digital twin technology involves creating virtual models that replicate physical environments and processes, enabling real-time monitoring and simulation. This capability is particularly crucial in Bali, where marine debris presents significant ecological and economic challenges. Digital twin technology offers a strategic advantage by allowing detailed scenario analysis and optimization of management strategies. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study evaluates the influence of four key factors within a community resilience framework on the willingness to adopt digital twins: risk perception, planning capability, coping ability, and interest level. The findings suggest that heightened awareness through targeted workshops and campaigns significantly boosts the community's willingness to engage with digital twin technology, highlighting the impact of risk perception. In terms of planning capability, strong processes such as the creation of action plans and task forces are crucial for integrating digital twins into marine debris management strategies. Additionally, robust coping mechanisms, which benefit from access to advanced technologies for real-time response, correlate with a greater readiness to adopt digital twins. Lastly, active community involvement in environmental initiatives indicates a higher propensity to support innovative technological solutions, underscoring the importance of interest level. The study emphasizes the critical role of these factors in creating an environment conducive to the adoption of digital twin technology in Bali. By enhancing these aspects of the community resilience framework, the region can more effectively leverage digital twins to address its marine debris problem. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers dedicated to enhancing sustainability and resilience through advanced technological interventions.
{"title":"Enhancing community engagement with digital twins: Technological adoption in marine debris management","authors":"Sapta Suhardono , Laili Fitria , Wisnu Prayogo , Chun-Hung Lee , I Wayan Koko Suryawan","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the adoption of digital twin technology for marine debris management in Bali, focusing on the regions of Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, and Tabanan. Digital twin technology involves creating virtual models that replicate physical environments and processes, enabling real-time monitoring and simulation. This capability is particularly crucial in Bali, where marine debris presents significant ecological and economic challenges. Digital twin technology offers a strategic advantage by allowing detailed scenario analysis and optimization of management strategies. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study evaluates the influence of four key factors within a community resilience framework on the willingness to adopt digital twins: risk perception, planning capability, coping ability, and interest level. The findings suggest that heightened awareness through targeted workshops and campaigns significantly boosts the community's willingness to engage with digital twin technology, highlighting the impact of risk perception. In terms of planning capability, strong processes such as the creation of action plans and task forces are crucial for integrating digital twins into marine debris management strategies. Additionally, robust coping mechanisms, which benefit from access to advanced technologies for real-time response, correlate with a greater readiness to adopt digital twins. Lastly, active community involvement in environmental initiatives indicates a higher propensity to support innovative technological solutions, underscoring the importance of interest level. The study emphasizes the critical role of these factors in creating an environment conducive to the adoption of digital twin technology in Bali. By enhancing these aspects of the community resilience framework, the region can more effectively leverage digital twins to address its marine debris problem. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers dedicated to enhancing sustainability and resilience through advanced technological interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 1141-1158"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145580451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.03.006
Ali Soltani , Parviz Azizi , Aliasghar Rahimioun , Mohammad Sedaghatfard
The escalating complexities of rapid urbanization necessitate a paradigm shift in urban form evaluation, moving beyond traditional horizontal analyses to incorporate the crucial dimension of vertical growth. This study pioneers a volumetric approach, integrating 3D and 2D spatial analyses, to dissect compactness, sprawl, and their underlying drivers across two contrasting metropolitan regions: the Tehran Metropolitan Region (TMR) and the Greater Sydney Region (GSR) over a 40-year period (1980s–2020s). Our findings reveal a striking dichotomy: TMR exhibits pronounced ‘vertical sprawl,’ characterized by the haphazard proliferation of high-rises in peripheral areas like Karaj, coupled with a dramatic 43 % decline in volumetric efficiency and a tripling of built-up area, signifying uncoordinated expansion. Conversely, GSR demonstrates ‘strategic polycentric verticality,’ effectively balancing a 40 % horizontal growth with the development of clustered, high-density hubs, such as Parramatta, resulting in stable volumetric density. Employing the Weighted Urban Proliferation (WUP) metric and the Inverse S-Curve Model, we quantify the profound impact of policy frameworks: TMR's regulatory voids fuel inefficient 3D sprawl, evidenced by a 203 % increase in WUP vertical sprawl, while GSR's integrated planning fosters resource-efficient growth. This research underscores the indispensable role of multidimensional urban form assessments in guiding sustainable urban development. By bridging the contextual gap between developing and developed cities, this study delivers a universally applicable framework for policymakers to harmonize vertical densification with infrastructure, equity, and environmental sustainability, crucial in an era of intensifying vertical urban expansion.
{"title":"Volumetric urban sprawl: Horizontal and vertical growth in two metropolitans","authors":"Ali Soltani , Parviz Azizi , Aliasghar Rahimioun , Mohammad Sedaghatfard","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating complexities of rapid urbanization necessitate a paradigm shift in urban form evaluation, moving beyond traditional horizontal analyses to incorporate the crucial dimension of vertical growth. This study pioneers a volumetric approach, integrating 3D and 2D spatial analyses, to dissect compactness, sprawl, and their underlying drivers across two contrasting metropolitan regions: the Tehran Metropolitan Region (TMR) and the Greater Sydney Region (GSR) over a 40-year period (1980s–2020s). Our findings reveal a striking dichotomy: TMR exhibits pronounced ‘vertical sprawl,’ characterized by the haphazard proliferation of high-rises in peripheral areas like Karaj, coupled with a dramatic 43 % decline in volumetric efficiency and a tripling of built-up area, signifying uncoordinated expansion. Conversely, GSR demonstrates ‘strategic polycentric verticality,’ effectively balancing a 40 % horizontal growth with the development of clustered, high-density hubs, such as Parramatta, resulting in stable volumetric density. Employing the Weighted Urban Proliferation (WUP) metric and the Inverse S-Curve Model, we quantify the profound impact of policy frameworks: TMR's regulatory voids fuel inefficient 3D sprawl, evidenced by a 203 % increase in WUP vertical sprawl, while GSR's integrated planning fosters resource-efficient growth. This research underscores the indispensable role of multidimensional urban form assessments in guiding sustainable urban development. By bridging the contextual gap between developing and developed cities, this study delivers a universally applicable framework for policymakers to harmonize vertical densification with infrastructure, equity, and environmental sustainability, crucial in an era of intensifying vertical urban expansion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 1004-1021"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145580444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frequent extreme weather events such as floods result in unprecedented casualties along with economic losses in cities. A thorough understanding of the vulnerability and potential risks influences the nature of preparation needed to make the cities resilient which enhances their ability to withstand any future flood events. Assessing flood vulnerability, therefore, is critical for any city authority to choose the right actions on adaptation and mitigation fronts in order to enhance its resilience. This stems from the need to create a localized flood vulnerability index (LOFVI) specific to cities. In this paper, we attempted to create a LOFVI accounting twenty-four physical, social, economic, and environmental vulnerability indicators (VIs) in the City of Kelowna (COK). COK experienced a number of major floods in the recent past while it is at risk of facing future similar and extreme events. LOFVI was designed at COK's neighborhood scale. The result suggests that it scores 44 %, which is understood to be a moderate vulnerability. Specifically, it scores “low” in social and environment vulnerability criteria, indexing 21 % and 39 % respectively. While physical, and economic dimensions score “moderate” with 56 %, and 50 % vulnerability indices respectively. The individual scores suggest the city needs to improve specific to the areas (VIs) notably, floodplains map, waterfront community, urban forest coverage area and flood insurance within the physical and economic dimensions. The proposed methodology is adaptive and capable of capturing the trajectory of vulnerability dynamics in any cities where flood is a recurrent threat. The vulnerability scores are going to potentially provide consolidated directives on how to keep the communities resilient against natural hazards. The proposed approach is equally adaptable for the assessment of flood vulnerability across other cities across Canada.
{"title":"Building a flood vulnerability index for urban resilience: Insights from Kelowna, British Columbia","authors":"Manjot Kaur , Sheikh Sultana , Sadia Ishaq , Sana Saleem , Kh Md Nahiduzzaman , Kasun Hewage , Rehan Sadiq","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequent extreme weather events such as floods result in unprecedented casualties along with economic losses in cities. A thorough understanding of the vulnerability and potential risks influences the nature of preparation needed to make the cities resilient which enhances their ability to withstand any future flood events. Assessing flood vulnerability, therefore, is critical for any city authority to choose the right actions on adaptation and mitigation fronts in order to enhance its resilience. This stems from the need to create a localized flood vulnerability index (LOFVI) specific to cities. In this paper, we attempted to create a LOFVI accounting twenty-four physical, social, economic, and environmental vulnerability indicators (VIs) in the City of Kelowna (COK). COK experienced a number of major floods in the recent past while it is at risk of facing future similar and extreme events. LOFVI was designed at COK's neighborhood scale. The result suggests that it scores 44 %, which is understood to be a moderate vulnerability. Specifically, it scores “low” in social and environment vulnerability criteria, indexing 21 % and 39 % respectively. While physical, and economic dimensions score “moderate” with 56 %, and 50 % vulnerability indices respectively. The individual scores suggest the city needs to improve specific to the areas (VIs) notably, floodplains map, waterfront community, urban forest coverage area and flood insurance within the physical and economic dimensions. The proposed methodology is adaptive and capable of capturing the trajectory of vulnerability dynamics in any cities where flood is a recurrent threat. The vulnerability scores are going to potentially provide consolidated directives on how to keep the communities resilient against natural hazards. The proposed approach is equally adaptable for the assessment of flood vulnerability across other cities across Canada.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 1034-1052"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145580442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.10.007
Yuzhe Wu
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