Journal of Urban Management最新文献

The 21st century presents significant challenges to humanity, encompassing rapid urbanization, population expansion, as well as socio-economic, physical, and environmental stressors. In order to establish an ideal equilibrium between economic advancement and environmental preservation within contemporary and prospective urban areas, the Smart Sustainable City (SCC) approach becomes imperative. In this paper, our objective is to introduce the concept of the SCC and to examine potential scenarios that facilitate the realization of such an approach. Tehran, the capital of Iran, has encountered numerous challenges akin to those mentioned over the past fifty years, rendering it a pertinent case study for our investigative pursuits. Structural analysis tool (MICMAC) in this research as a method for futures studies used to exposes how a variable is influenced by and reliant on other variables by analyzing all the interactions within the city system. This paper suggests novel approach to MICMAC which promotes driving forces to scenarios. This helps in particular with SSC implementation and shows the consequences of not developing driving forces for the system by scenarios. Hence, the suggested approach might also be regarded as a novel addition to the field of futures studies. For this purpose, we evaluated the various factors that were most important for environmental sustainability and SSC implementation in Tehran. The results of this study indicate that Network-Based Services Providers, Application of Smart Social Services, Employing Smart Managers and Electronic backup management system by ICT Tools are driving forces which indicates the crucial influence of them in the implementation of SSC in Tehran. These driving forces were subsequently incorporated in three scenarios for 2030 being Smart Sustainable Tehran, Unregulated Tehran and Analog and Depleting Tehran.

Among the essential factors for improving the quality of life are many things, of which the category of energy and its distribution is one. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between human mobility and energy consumption at the Iranian provincial level. By determining this relationship, we can determine the importance of the energy distribution pattern and human mobility, and based on this, formulate urban planning strategies and conduct urban management. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of energy consumption and distribution in Iran based on human mobility and evaluate its impact on the neighboring and national regions of Iran. The period of this study is based on the 15-year data of the country collected in 2021. The research method of factor analysis is linear regression calculation and spatial regression calculation that leads to the desired analysis map. Then, the analysis of the centrality of human mobility and the radius of human mobility is presented. For this purpose, the relationship between human mobility and energy consumption in electricity, oil and gas was studied, analyzing Iran with 31 provinces. It was found that the provinces of Iran are divided into different categories in terms of the relationship between human mobility and the movement of people with energy consumption. In these categories, Tehran, as the capital of Iran, was at the highest level, provinces with significant national industries were second, and provinces with a lot of tourism were third. Finally, it was found that most of the energy consumption was spent on people's mobility in the central and northwestern parts of Iran. This indicates the lack of development in the east of Iran.

In depopulating cities, vacant houses and lots are common throughout the urban area, creating low-density urban areas that can lead to inefficiencies in public services and financial deterioration for municipalities. However, despite some studies demonstrating the relationship between population density and public expenditure, no generalized conclusion regarding the essential effect of reducing public expenditure has been reached. Consequently, no method for rationally setting a population density as a performance target for municipalities when developing compact city planning has been established. Thus, this study used the cross-sectional data from Japanese municipalities and the exponentiation regression equation, to determine the strong relationship between population density and per-person public expenditure (PPPE). The findings are particularly noteworthy for municipalities that grew under a nationwide uniform city planning and accounting system, as they provide valuable insights into the generalization of the public expenditure reduction effect. Furthermore, this study developed a method using the exponentiation regression equation, which demonstrated an L-shaped trajectory indicating that PPPE increases at an accelerating rate when population density falls below a certain threshold. Municipalities can evaluate the efficiency of public expenditure simply by applying their population density to the regression equation. They can also verify population density as a performance target. Furthermore, this study revealed the turning point of population density at which the acceleration in the increase in PPPE begins, implying that municipalities can expect a grace period until the turning point.

Urban voids and leftover spaces challenge the urban development of cities and result in land vacancy and other spatial planning issues. Such spaces have great potential for innovative intervention through piece-by-piece sustainable urban design and small-scale actions to foster livability and sustainability. This paper analyzes urban voids in the Al-Najada zone in Doha, Qatar. The zone has a valuable cultural and historical background. The paper uses the case study method to analyze the urban voids and develop re-planning scenarios through visual schematic design and photomontage. The paper demonstrates the application of sustainable and social principles to rejuvenate old areas by creating functions for urban voids.

The number of people residing in private rentals, particularly in megacities, has been steadily increasing worldwide. However, a number of studies have revealed that a significant proportion of tenants endure unsatisfactory housing experiences attributed to their landlords. Drawing upon the concept of housing class and Harvey's (1979) theory of class-monopoly rent and class power, this study investigates how landlords in various sub-sectors employ their class power to realize class-monopoly rent and the subsequent impact on tenants' housing experiences. Through in-depth interviews conducted with 30 landlords and tenants representing different sub-sectors in Shenzhen, we have identified that the strategies employed by landlords are contingent upon the power differentials between them and their tenants. The wider the power gap, the greater the range of strategies landlords can utilize, leading to diminished housing experiences for tenants. Additionally, we have developed a housing class scheme in urban China, offering valuable insights into asset inequality and social stratification. By adopting a Marxist perspective, this paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on power dynamics between landlords and tenants. Furthermore, several policy recommendations are provided across different sub-sectors to rebalance the power relationship between landlords and tenants and enhance tenants' housing experiences.

The equitable allocation of public service facilities is directly related to the healthy development and socially just functioning of cities. Traditional location-allocation models mostly take travel distance and facility construction cost as the decision-making objectives, with relatively single optimization objectives, and are not sufficiently adaptable to reality. The introduction of the accessibility analysis and the concept of equalization of public services diversify the objectives of urban public service facility optimization decisions. The construction of the circle of life is based on residents' behavior and helps to improve its adaptability in the configuration of public services. This study evaluates the accessibility of eight types of public service facilities in Xiangyang High-tech Zone, China, from a Living Circle perspective, based on the Gaussian Two-step Floating Catchment Area (G2SFCA) method. We integrate the advantages of the Minimum Facility Point (MFP) model, Maximum Covering Location Problem (MCLP) model, and P-Median model to address the equity and efficiency issues in facility configuration, and seek the optimal layout scheme under the fairness objective. Results showed that after using the improved location-allocation models, the maximum travel time for residents was reduced from 76 ​min to 13 ​min, and the average travel time was reduced from 19 ​min to 8 ​min. Additionally, the coverage rate of the facilities increased from an average of 57% to 97%, and the spatial layout of facilities was more rational. The research results contributed to the study of spatial problems and spatial equity in facility allocation.

In the context of changing global trends and growing uncertainties, creating and evaluating alternative future scenarios is crucial for urban and regional planning. Computational and collaborative approaches are two contemporary options for scenario planning. They have distinct roles and are often applied independently. This study investigates the integration of these two approaches, addressing a knowledge gap by explicitly integrating a Cellular Automata-based model within the collaborative geodesign framework. It assesses the integration process and scenario planning outcomes through a resilience planning case study. The key finding from this experiment is that integrating the information generated by a computational approach with the transparency and reliability inherent in a collaborative approach can enhance the end-user's scenario planning experience. The integration is also perceived to have positive effects on scenario outcomes, which is particularly relevant for joint evidence-based and collaborative resilience planning in cities and regions. However, the study also highlights the need for further investigation into the options for integrating computational methods into collaborative approaches and into the utility of integration in real-world planning with practitioners and the community.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected various aspects of people's lives, including housing. Research has argued that the economic impact of the pandemic includes stagnancy in the real estate markets. Similarly, Indonesian real-estate market players have reported declining demand for high-rise and dense multi-unit residential buildings in favor of landed houses during the pandemic. However, it has not yet included customers' perspective analysis, which raises a question of whether there has been a change in preferences for the types of housing caused by the pandemic. This paper aims to provide a scientific discourse on the topic using the explanatory quantitative method. The research sampled over 380 respondents from real-estate customers in 2020. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression calculations. The result suggests increases in the need to control living space affect respondents' housing preferences. Factors that affect this phenomenon include the fear of meeting people and the fear of recessions; which are the direct impacts of the pandemic.

In the last decades the global tourist industry has been transformed by rapid growth, resulting in many destinations reaching a state of touristification. This phenomenon is a socioeconomic and spatial transformation process that can contribute to the creation of a tourism monoculture.

This study aims to measure the level of touristification found in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (MAB), focussing on social, spatial and environmental aspects. The study's originality lies at the territorial level of research. The primary intended outcome of the research is to provide an analytic methodology to support informed decision-making for sustainable urban tourism policies at the metropolitan level.

In the MAB a polycentric pattern of touristification can be observed in an area that is currently undergoing two processes: the increase of tourism supplies in the first ring of MAB municipalities and the distribution of tourism fluxes on the coastal destinations. Furthermore, four typologies of municipalities have been established based on their level of touristification growth. Finally, this study demonstrates the importance of discussing these processes at the metropolitan level and providing a methodology relevant to other metropolises worldwide.