Journal of Urban Management最新文献_第5页

How does the spatial accessibility of medical resources change during a public health crisis? A perspective based on residents' healthcare preferences 在公共卫生危机中，医疗资源的空间可达性如何变化？基于居民医疗保健偏好的视角

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.007

Han Wang , Qing Kang , Sihao Mou , Xin Nie , Zhoupeng Chen , Tianci Wu

The spatial accessibility of medical resources as a foundation for urban responses to public health crises, directly affects public health and social equity, and has become a key consideration in the post-pandemic era. Previous research has focused more on the spatial attributes of medical resources, neglecting residents' medical preferences, while residents' choices directly affect the allocation of medical resources. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the spatial accessibility of medical resources based on residents' preferences during public health crises. This manuscript uses discrete choice experiment (DCE) to determine the changes in medical preferences of residents in Wuhan, China during the pandemic. On this basis, an improved two-step floating catchment area method (2SFCA) is employed for assessing the spatial accessibility of medical resources. The results show that: (1) Changes in residents' medical preferences guide the spatial allocation of urban medical resources. (2) After the outbreak of a public health crisis, the importance of hospital level, travel time, and medical expenses for residents decreased, while the importance of queuing time increased. (3) The observed change of residents' preference for medical treatment activated idle medical resources and improved their spatial accessibility overall. However, differences in the initial endowment of medical resources resulted in larger regional differences in spatial accessibility and intensified the inequality of medical services. This manuscript argues that considering residents' preferences can provide a more accurate understanding of changes in the spatial accessibility of medical resources, offering important insights for optimizing resource allocation and effectively responding to future unexpected crises.

医疗资源的空间可达性是城市应对公共卫生危机的基础，直接影响公共卫生和社会公平，已成为大流行后时代的关键考虑因素。以往的研究更多地关注医疗资源的空间属性，忽略了居民的医疗偏好，而居民的选择直接影响医疗资源的配置。因此，有必要探讨公共卫生危机下基于居民偏好的医疗资源空间可达性。本文采用离散选择实验（DCE）来确定大流行期间中国武汉居民医疗偏好的变化。在此基础上，采用改进的两步浮动集水区法（2SFCA）对医疗资源的空间可达性进行评价。结果表明：(1)居民医疗偏好的变化对城市医疗资源的空间配置具有引导作用。(2)公共卫生危机爆发后，居民对医院级别、出行时间和医疗费用的重要性下降，而排队时间的重要性上升。(3)居民医疗偏好的变化激活了闲置的医疗资源，整体上提高了医疗资源的空间可达性。但由于医疗资源初始禀赋的差异，导致空间可达性的区域差异较大，加剧了医疗服务的不平等。本文认为，考虑居民偏好可以更准确地了解医疗资源的空间可达性变化，为优化资源配置和有效应对未来突发危机提供重要见解。

{"title":"How does the spatial accessibility of medical resources change during a public health crisis? A perspective based on residents' healthcare preferences","authors":"Han Wang , Qing Kang , Sihao Mou , Xin Nie , Zhoupeng Chen , Tianci Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spatial accessibility of medical resources as a foundation for urban responses to public health crises, directly affects public health and social equity, and has become a key consideration in the post-pandemic era. Previous research has focused more on the spatial attributes of medical resources, neglecting residents' medical preferences, while residents' choices directly affect the allocation of medical resources. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the spatial accessibility of medical resources based on residents' preferences during public health crises. This manuscript uses discrete choice experiment (DCE) to determine the changes in medical preferences of residents in Wuhan, China during the pandemic. On this basis, an improved two-step floating catchment area method (2SFCA) is employed for assessing the spatial accessibility of medical resources. The results show that: (1) Changes in residents' medical preferences guide the spatial allocation of urban medical resources. (2) After the outbreak of a public health crisis, the importance of hospital level, travel time, and medical expenses for residents decreased, while the importance of queuing time increased. (3) The observed change of residents' preference for medical treatment activated idle medical resources and improved their spatial accessibility overall. However, differences in the initial endowment of medical resources resulted in larger regional differences in spatial accessibility and intensified the inequality of medical services. This manuscript argues that considering residents' preferences can provide a more accurate understanding of changes in the spatial accessibility of medical resources, offering important insights for optimizing resource allocation and effectively responding to future unexpected crises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 232-246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating spatial coupling between employment, population density, and metro stations in Shenzhen: A network accessibility perspective 深圳就业、人口密度与地铁车站的空间耦合：网络可达性视角

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.004

Yani Lai , Chunmei Chen , Xiaoxiao Xu

Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is increasingly recognized as an effective urban planning strategy, aiming for the harmonious development of urban spatial structures and rail transit systems, thus fostering sustainability. This study addresses the limitations of existing research in quantifying the relationship between rail transit and the spatial distribution of residential and employment populations. To bridge these gaps, this study develops an Accessibility of Metro Stations (AMS) index to examine how metro accessibility influences employment and population densities, offering recommendations for optimizing TOD strategies. Methodologically, the study employs social network analysis to develop the AMS index, measuring the connectivity of metro stations to surrounding areas. Cellular signaling data from Shenzhen provides spatial accuracy, supporting a spatial autocorrelation analysis of the coupling between AMS and both employment and population densities. Findings reveal a moderate correlation and a significant positive spatial correlation between AMS and these densities, with a more robust association observed in the resident population. Intriguingly, only 41% of metro stations exhibit a coupling relationship with the resident population, and 33% with the employed population. Based on these insights, a typology of coupling relationships is proposed, linking metro station accessibility to population and employment densities. This typology is instrumental in informing targeted urban management policies and guiding practical TOD implementations, fostering sustainable urban development and promoting long-term environmental, economic, and social resilience.

公交导向发展（TOD）是一种有效的城市规划策略，旨在促进城市空间结构和轨道交通系统的协调发展，从而促进可持续发展。本研究解决了现有研究在量化轨道交通与居住和就业人口空间分布之间关系方面的局限性。为了弥补这些差距，本研究开发了地铁站可达性指数（AMS），以考察地铁可达性对就业和人口密度的影响，并为优化TOD策略提供建议。在方法上，该研究采用社会网络分析来开发AMS指数，衡量地铁站与周边地区的连通性。来自深圳的蜂窝信号数据提供了空间精度，支持AMS与就业和人口密度之间耦合的空间自相关分析。研究结果显示，AMS与这些密度之间存在中度相关性和显著的正空间相关性，在常住人口中观察到更强的相关性。有趣的是，只有41%的地铁站与常住人口存在耦合关系，33%的地铁站与就业人口存在耦合关系。基于这些见解，我们提出了一种耦合关系的类型，将地铁站的可达性与人口和就业密度联系起来。这种类型有助于为有针对性的城市管理政策提供信息，指导TOD的实际实施，促进可持续城市发展，促进长期的环境、经济和社会韧性。

{"title":"Evaluating spatial coupling between employment, population density, and metro stations in Shenzhen: A network accessibility perspective","authors":"Yani Lai , Chunmei Chen , Xiaoxiao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is increasingly recognized as an effective urban planning strategy, aiming for the harmonious development of urban spatial structures and rail transit systems, thus fostering sustainability. This study addresses the limitations of existing research in quantifying the relationship between rail transit and the spatial distribution of residential and employment populations. To bridge these gaps, this study develops an Accessibility of Metro Stations (AMS) index to examine how metro accessibility influences employment and population densities, offering recommendations for optimizing TOD strategies. Methodologically, the study employs social network analysis to develop the AMS index, measuring the connectivity of metro stations to surrounding areas. Cellular signaling data from Shenzhen provides spatial accuracy, supporting a spatial autocorrelation analysis of the coupling between AMS and both employment and population densities. Findings reveal a moderate correlation and a significant positive spatial correlation between AMS and these densities, with a more robust association observed in the resident population. Intriguingly, only 41% of metro stations exhibit a coupling relationship with the resident population, and 33% with the employed population. Based on these insights, a typology of coupling relationships is proposed, linking metro station accessibility to population and employment densities. This typology is instrumental in informing targeted urban management policies and guiding practical TOD implementations, fostering sustainable urban development and promoting long-term environmental, economic, and social resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 293-308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating resilience and vulnerability components in assessing urbanization impacts on farming household livelihood strategies: Insights from Ethiopia 在评估城市化对农户生计战略的影响时整合复原力和脆弱性要素：来自埃塞俄比亚的见解

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.005

Bahiru Haile Aboye

Integrating resilience and vulnerability components is critical in understanding urbanization impacts on farming household livelihood strategies. This study aims to combine methods and concepts of resilience and vulnerability, that are independently analyzed by previous research to grasp urbanization impacts on farming households. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a randomly recruited 300 farming households from 4 kebeles to obtain quantitative data. Qualitative data were collected from 30 key informants and 4 group discussions to complement quantitative data. Principal component analysis was employed to identify unrelated factors. Tobit models were applied to estimate strategy-related income that determines household strategy choices. Additionally, linear regression models were utilized to determine factors affecting household resilience and vulnerability index. Results show that farming was the main livelihood strategy in peri-urban despite low earnings. The off-farm strategy was the highest in household income contribution although participants were low. On-farm and off-farm strategies have a greater resilience-vulnerability index to urbanization when compared to farm and non-farm strategies. Urbanization has heterogeneous effects on peri-urban household livelihood strategies due to variations in capital assets, self-organization, learning ability, sensitivity, exposure, and adaptability. Based on these findings, policies should highlight the heterogeneous effects of urbanization and be tailored to the specific needs of different clusters to enhance their resilience and reduce vulnerability to farmland loss. Implementing these measures will aid governments in improving livelihood strategies in peri-urban areas, alleviating poverty, and mitigating food insecurity. Ultimately, such actions will contribute to inclusive and sustainable urban growth amidst rapid urbanization.

整合复原力和脆弱性要素对于理解城市化对农户生计战略的影响至关重要。本研究旨在结合以往研究中独立分析的复原力和脆弱性的方法和概念，把握城市化对农户的影响。本研究采用横断面调查方法，随机抽取4个省300户农户进行调查，获得定量数据。定性数据收集自30名关键举报人和4次小组讨论，以补充定量数据。采用主成分分析确定不相关因素。Tobit模型被用来估计决定家庭战略选择的与战略相关的收入。此外，利用线性回归模型确定家庭恢复力和脆弱性指数的影响因素。结果表明，尽管农业收入较低，但农业是城郊地区的主要生计策略。非农战略在家庭收入贡献中是最高的，尽管参与者的比例很低。与农业和非农业战略相比，农业和非农战略对城市化具有更高的恢复脆弱性指数。由于资本资产、自组织、学习能力、敏感性、暴露度和适应性的差异，城市化对城市周边家庭生计策略具有异质性影响。基于这些发现，政策应突出城市化的异质性效应，并根据不同集群的具体需求进行调整，以增强其抵御能力，减少对耕地流失的脆弱性。实施这些措施将有助于各国政府改善城郊地区的生计战略，减轻贫困和粮食不安全。最终，这些行动将有助于在快速城市化中实现包容性和可持续的城市增长。

{"title":"Integrating resilience and vulnerability components in assessing urbanization impacts on farming household livelihood strategies: Insights from Ethiopia","authors":"Bahiru Haile Aboye","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating resilience and vulnerability components is critical in understanding urbanization impacts on farming household livelihood strategies. This study aims to combine methods and concepts of resilience and vulnerability, that are independently analyzed by previous research to grasp urbanization impacts on farming households. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a randomly recruited 300 farming households from 4 kebeles to obtain quantitative data. Qualitative data were collected from 30 key informants and 4 group discussions to complement quantitative data. Principal component analysis was employed to identify unrelated factors. Tobit models were applied to estimate strategy-related income that determines household strategy choices. Additionally, linear regression models were utilized to determine factors affecting household resilience and vulnerability index. Results show that farming was the main livelihood strategy in peri-urban despite low earnings. The off-farm strategy was the highest in household income contribution although participants were low. On-farm and off-farm strategies have a greater resilience-vulnerability index to urbanization when compared to farm and non-farm strategies. Urbanization has heterogeneous effects on peri-urban household livelihood strategies due to variations in capital assets, self-organization, learning ability, sensitivity, exposure, and adaptability. Based on these findings, policies should highlight the heterogeneous effects of urbanization and be tailored to the specific needs of different clusters to enhance their resilience and reduce vulnerability to farmland loss. Implementing these measures will aid governments in improving livelihood strategies in peri-urban areas, alleviating poverty, and mitigating food insecurity. Ultimately, such actions will contribute to inclusive and sustainable urban growth amidst rapid urbanization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 65-80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Financing urban land development in underdeveloped small cities in western China: The role of earmarked funds 西部欠发达小城市城市土地开发融资：专项资金的作用

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.001

Xiaoqiang Shen , Guodong Huang , Xiaobin Zhang

Previous studies suggest that market forces and the strategic behavior of local governments regarding land development jointly contribute to rapid urban expansion in China. In underdeveloped small cities in Western China, the market is weak, and local governments lack the conditions required to promote land-centered urbanization. Surprisingly, these cities have experienced an expansion of urban space faster than the national average. This study presents a significant funding model of urban land development within the framework of the project system. Within this model, central and provincial governments are key providers of land development funds. Local governments design, apply for, package, and implement land development projects. Private developers cooperate with local governments rather than functioning as real initiators of and investors in land development projects. The findings provide new and supplementary evidence about how rapid urban expansion occurs in China, particularly in underdeveloped areas.

以往的研究表明，市场力量和地方政府在土地开发方面的战略行为共同促成了中国城市的快速扩张。在中国西部欠发达的小城市，市场薄弱，地方政府缺乏推动以土地为中心的城市化所需的条件。令人惊讶的是，这些城市的城市空间扩张速度超过了全国平均水平。本研究提出了项目制度框架下城市土地开发的重要融资模式。在这种模式下，中央和省级政府是土地开发资金的主要提供者。地方政府设计、申请、打包和实施土地开发项目。私人开发商与地方政府合作，而不是作为土地开发项目的真正发起者和投资者。这些发现为中国城市的快速扩张提供了新的补充证据，尤其是在欠发达地区。

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the building embodied carbon dynamics in Yangtze River Delta: Spatial and life cycle perspectives 揭示长三角建筑碳动态：空间与生命周期视角

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.004

Hanwei Liang , Baizhe Zhang , Xin Bian , Jieling Shen , Yuxuan Wang , Liang Dong

Understanding and reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from building sector is significant to realize the net zero society. This research presents a bottom-up approach leveraging nighttime light (NTL) data to quantitatively assess and spatially represent urban building Material Stock (MS) and Embodied Carbon Emissions (ECE) throughout the “cradle-to-gate” lifecycle, at the micro-unit level, within the rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. Our primary focus is on investigating the dynamics and evaluating the impacts of building material stocks and the associated embodied carbon under urban expansion. Key findings include: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the YRD experienced a significant increase in building MS, with development expanding more rapidly along the southeast-northwest axis than the southwest-northeast axis. (2) Building ECE grew markedly in the YRD, especially in coastal areas, shifting from a concentrated single-center pattern to a multi-center one. The growth trends of building ECE among these cities varied widely, ranging from 0.64 to 85.71 Tg per year (Tg/a). (3) Construction materials such as sand, gravel, cement, and brick dominated the MS in both residential and non-residential buildings. Cement, steel, brick, and aluminum were the main contributors to building ECE. Notably, despite their lower volumes, copper and aluminum had substantial environmental impacts due to their high ECE contributions. (4) By categorizing cities into four types based on ECE per capita and growth trends, we identified varied urban development and environmental impacts across the YRD.

了解和减少建筑行业的温室气体排放对实现净零社会具有重要意义。本研究提出了一种自下而上的方法，利用夜间照明（NTL）数据，在快速城市化的长江三角洲（YRD）地区的微单元层面上，定量评估城市建筑材料库存（MS）和隐含碳排放（ECE）在“摇篮到门”整个生命周期中的空间分布。我们的主要重点是调查动态和评估建筑材料库存和相关隐含碳在城市扩张下的影响。结果表明：(1)2000 - 2020年，长三角地区建筑MS显著增加，且沿东南-西北轴的发展速度大于西南-东北轴的发展速度。(2)长三角地区，特别是沿海地区，欧洲经济共同体建设显著增长，由集中的单中心模式向多中心模式转变。这些城市建设ECE的增长趋势差异很大，从每年0.64 - 85.71 Tg （Tg/a）不等。(3)住宅和非住宅建筑的MS均以砂、砾石、水泥、砖等建筑材料为主。水泥、钢铁、砖和铝是建造欧洲经委会的主要贡献者。值得注意的是，尽管铜和铝的产量较低，但由于它们对欧洲经委会的贡献很大，对环境产生了重大影响。(4)根据欧洲经济委员会的人均水平和增长趋势，我们将城市分为四类，确定了长三角地区不同的城市发展和环境影响。

{"title":"Unveiling the building embodied carbon dynamics in Yangtze River Delta: Spatial and life cycle perspectives","authors":"Hanwei Liang , Baizhe Zhang , Xin Bian , Jieling Shen , Yuxuan Wang , Liang Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from building sector is significant to realize the net zero society. This research presents a bottom-up approach leveraging nighttime light (NTL) data to quantitatively assess and spatially represent urban building Material Stock (MS) and Embodied Carbon Emissions (ECE) throughout the “cradle-to-gate” lifecycle, at the micro-unit level, within the rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. Our primary focus is on investigating the dynamics and evaluating the impacts of building material stocks and the associated embodied carbon under urban expansion. Key findings include: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the YRD experienced a significant increase in building MS, with development expanding more rapidly along the southeast-northwest axis than the southwest-northeast axis. (2) Building ECE grew markedly in the YRD, especially in coastal areas, shifting from a concentrated single-center pattern to a multi-center one. The growth trends of building ECE among these cities varied widely, ranging from 0.64 to 85.71 Tg per year (Tg/a). (3) Construction materials such as sand, gravel, cement, and brick dominated the MS in both residential and non-residential buildings. Cement, steel, brick, and aluminum were the main contributors to building ECE. Notably, despite their lower volumes, copper and aluminum had substantial environmental impacts due to their high ECE contributions. (4) By categorizing cities into four types based on ECE per capita and growth trends, we identified varied urban development and environmental impacts across the YRD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 160-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization at microscale level of climate-informed decision-making processes regarding human thermal comfort 在微观尺度上对人类热舒适的气候决策过程进行优化

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.010

Adrián Glodeanu , Igone García Pérez , Nieves Peña Cerezo

As urban overheating increases, adaptation strategies that enhance more comfortable urban spaces are needed. This study presents improvements in the methodological approach of outdoor thermal comfort studies and designs that will help stakeholders address such impacts. It advances in selecting the day type, creates novel surface indexes that consider climate change scenarios, and helps make climate-informed decisions. The first step concerns the characterization of the study area, including meteorological analysis. In the second stage, the research suggests multiple scenario simulations based on past and future typical heat days to examine the performance of trees, vegetation, materials, and buildings. The thermal comfort assessment relied on Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) and a novel intervention effectiveness index. In contrast, microclimatic simulations were conducted with CFD calculations (ENVI-met v.5.6.1). The results can be used to compare different design scenarios that rely on nature-based solutions and to optimize climate adaptation interventions during the urban design process.

随着城市过热的加剧，需要采取适应策略，提高城市空间的舒适度。本研究提出了室外热舒适研究和设计的方法方法的改进，这将有助于利益相关者解决这些影响。它在选择日类型方面取得了进步，创建了考虑气候变化情景的新型地表指数，并有助于做出气候知情的决策。第一步涉及研究区域的特征，包括气象分析。在第二阶段，研究建议基于过去和未来典型高温天的多种情景模拟，以检查树木、植被、材料和建筑物的性能。热舒适评估依赖于生理等效温度（PET）和一种新的干预效果指标。小气候模拟采用CFD计算（ENVI-met v.5.6.1）。研究结果可用于比较基于自然的解决方案的不同设计方案，并在城市设计过程中优化气候适应干预措施。

{"title":"Optimization at microscale level of climate-informed decision-making processes regarding human thermal comfort","authors":"Adrián Glodeanu , Igone García Pérez , Nieves Peña Cerezo","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As urban overheating increases, adaptation strategies that enhance more comfortable urban spaces are needed. This study presents improvements in the methodological approach of outdoor thermal comfort studies and designs that will help stakeholders address such impacts. It advances in selecting the day type, creates novel surface indexes that consider climate change scenarios, and helps make climate-informed decisions. The first step concerns the characterization of the study area, including meteorological analysis. In the second stage, the research suggests multiple scenario simulations based on past and future typical heat days to examine the performance of trees, vegetation, materials, and buildings. The thermal comfort assessment relied on Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) and a novel intervention effectiveness index. In contrast, microclimatic simulations were conducted with CFD calculations (ENVI-met v.5.6.1). The results can be used to compare different design scenarios that rely on nature-based solutions and to optimize climate adaptation interventions during the urban design process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 3-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological dynamics, landscape fragmentation and climate change vulnerability of actual and predicted urban areas of Lebanon: Application of Multilayer-Perceptron Markov-Chain model 黎巴嫩实际和预测城市地区的形态动态、景观破碎化和气候变化脆弱性：多层感知器马尔可夫链模型的应用

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.005

Walid Al-Shaar , Olivier Bonin , Tatiana Seregina , Ghaleb Faour

Rapid urbanization in Lebanon poses problems of adaptation to climate change. This article aims to forecast and characterize urban growth, and to cross-analyze urban growth with anticipated temperature and precipitation information. It uses a combination of land use and land cover forecasts with the help of remote sensing and spatial analysis data to provide a comprehensive description of urban growth in Lebanon. The findings reveal that urban growth is mainly driven by road infrastructure and proximity to the coastline, rather than population growth. However, recent changes in agricultural practices are also behind urban and land cover significant evolutions. Urban patterns retain a complex shape over time, with an estimated fractal dimension of 1.7 by the year 2136. The combination of shape, aggregation and connectivity indicators for urban areas reveals a trend towards more compact and dense agglomerations, with the emergence of new centers and sub-centers. Cluster and spot analyses distinguish between clustered urban agglomerations and hotspots in inland areas, and cold spots and separated centers along the coast. Urban vulnerability to climate change is then assessed by cross-referencing information on urban morphology with expected changes in temperature and precipitation. All these elements underline the importance of taking theoretical and natural urban dynamics into account when assessing the impact of urban growth on the environment and society.

黎巴嫩的快速城市化带来了适应气候变化的问题。本文旨在预测和表征城市增长，并将城市增长与预期温度和降水信息进行交叉分析。它在遥感和空间分析数据的帮助下结合使用土地利用和土地覆盖预测，全面描述黎巴嫩的城市增长情况。研究结果显示，城市增长主要是由道路基础设施和靠近海岸线推动的，而不是人口增长。然而，最近农业实践的变化也导致了城市和土地覆盖的重大演变。随着时间的推移，城市格局保持着复杂的形状，到2136年，其分形维数估计为1.7。城市区域形状、聚集性和连通性指标的组合表明，随着新的中心和副中心的出现，城市区域呈现出更加紧凑和密集的聚集趋势。聚类和点分析区分了内陆地区的聚集性城市群和热点地区，沿海地区的冷点和分离中心。然后通过交叉参考城市形态与预期温度和降水变化的信息来评估城市对气候变化的脆弱性。所有这些因素都强调了在评估城市增长对环境和社会的影响时考虑理论和自然城市动态的重要性。

{"title":"Morphological dynamics, landscape fragmentation and climate change vulnerability of actual and predicted urban areas of Lebanon: Application of Multilayer-Perceptron Markov-Chain model","authors":"Walid Al-Shaar , Olivier Bonin , Tatiana Seregina , Ghaleb Faour","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid urbanization in Lebanon poses problems of adaptation to climate change. This article aims to forecast and characterize urban growth, and to cross-analyze urban growth with anticipated temperature and precipitation information. It uses a combination of land use and land cover forecasts with the help of remote sensing and spatial analysis data to provide a comprehensive description of urban growth in Lebanon. The findings reveal that urban growth is mainly driven by road infrastructure and proximity to the coastline, rather than population growth. However, recent changes in agricultural practices are also behind urban and land cover significant evolutions. Urban patterns retain a complex shape over time, with an estimated fractal dimension of 1.7 by the year 2136. The combination of shape, aggregation and connectivity indicators for urban areas reveals a trend towards more compact and dense agglomerations, with the emergence of new centers and sub-centers. Cluster and spot analyses distinguish between clustered urban agglomerations and hotspots in inland areas, and cold spots and separated centers along the coast. Urban vulnerability to climate change is then assessed by cross-referencing information on urban morphology with expected changes in temperature and precipitation. All these elements underline the importance of taking theoretical and natural urban dynamics into account when assessing the impact of urban growth on the environment and society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 181-215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital technologies in urban regeneration: A systematic review of literature 城市更新中的数字技术：文献综述

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.002

Oumayma Moufid , Sarbeswar Praharaj , Hassane Jarar Oulidi

Urban regeneration is a challenging intervention, considering the multidimensional issues involved and the complexities of stakeholder collaborations. While prior research indicates the potential of digital technology in addressing these challenges and introducing novel approaches to urban regeneration, the full scope of applying emerging digital concepts, including but not limited to geographic information systems, digital twins, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality to enhance urban regeneration still needs to be explored. We conducted a systematic literature review to address this gap, employing meta-analysis and bibliometric analysis. Six key aspects of urban regeneration were identified, including decision-making support, prioritization of areas of concern, stakeholder participation, regeneration scenario identification, design and implementation of regeneration actions, and post-regeneration analysis. We evaluated the impact of digital technologies across these dimensions, examining their interaction with critical urban regeneration domains through spatiotemporal analyses of published literature. Our findings delineate novel applications and benefits of emerging digital technologies throughout various stages of urban regeneration, from site selection to project evaluation. This study comprehensively appraises how urban regeneration processes can be enriched by leveraging innovative technological applications while also suggesting avenues for future digitally sustainable integrated approaches to urban regeneration.

考虑到所涉及的多维问题和利益相关者合作的复杂性，城市更新是一项具有挑战性的干预措施。虽然先前的研究表明数字技术在解决这些挑战和引入城市更新新方法方面的潜力，但应用新兴数字概念的全部范围，包括但不限于地理信息系统、数字孪生、人工智能和虚拟现实，以增强城市更新，仍然需要探索。我们进行了一项系统的文献综述，采用meta分析和文献计量分析来解决这一差距。本文确定了城市再生的六个关键方面，包括决策支持、关注领域的优先顺序、利益相关者的参与、再生方案识别、再生行动的设计和实施以及再生后分析。我们评估了数字技术在这些维度上的影响，通过对已发表文献的时空分析，研究了它们与关键城市再生领域的相互作用。我们的研究结果描述了新兴数字技术在城市更新的各个阶段的新应用和好处，从选址到项目评估。本研究全面评估了如何利用创新技术应用丰富城市更新过程，同时也为未来城市更新的数字可持续综合方法提出了途径。

{"title":"Digital technologies in urban regeneration: A systematic review of literature","authors":"Oumayma Moufid , Sarbeswar Praharaj , Hassane Jarar Oulidi","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban regeneration is a challenging intervention, considering the multidimensional issues involved and the complexities of stakeholder collaborations. While prior research indicates the potential of digital technology in addressing these challenges and introducing novel approaches to urban regeneration, the full scope of applying emerging digital concepts, including but not limited to geographic information systems, digital twins, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality to enhance urban regeneration still needs to be explored. We conducted a systematic literature review to address this gap, employing meta-analysis and bibliometric analysis. Six key aspects of urban regeneration were identified, including decision-making support, prioritization of areas of concern, stakeholder participation, regeneration scenario identification, design and implementation of regeneration actions, and post-regeneration analysis. We evaluated the impact of digital technologies across these dimensions, examining their interaction with critical urban regeneration domains through spatiotemporal analyses of published literature. Our findings delineate novel applications and benefits of emerging digital technologies throughout various stages of urban regeneration, from site selection to project evaluation. This study comprehensively appraises how urban regeneration processes can be enriched by leveraging innovative technological applications while also suggesting avenues for future digitally sustainable integrated approaches to urban regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 264-278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urban climate simulation model to support climate-sensitive planning decision making at local scale 支持地方尺度气候敏感规划决策的城市气候模拟模型

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.003

Pamela Smith , Estela Blanco , Pablo Sarricolea , Orlando Peralta , Felipe Thomas

Urban planning, through design and land use allocation, affects urban climate dynamics and patterns at different atmospheric layers and spatial scales. Climate sensitive planning and design draws attention to the consideration of climate parameters for decision making. Seeking to contribute to the above, this research set out to identify the effect of urban design features (e.g., vegetation cover and construction density) on air temperature behavior. We conducted a case study, selected the Renca municipality located north-west Santiago, Chile, which represents a Mediterranean urban area affected by an intense daytime and nighttime urban heat island (UHI). We developed simple linear regression models to estimate air temperature per block in four different present and future scenarios: summer and winter and for day (16:00) and night (23:00). The urban-environmental variables were evaluated with the air temperature data series, measured in 21 points in the commune which were representative of urban and natural local climatic zones (LCZ). The results were evaluated and validated. We observed that variables such as vegetation, surface temperature or relative humidity are important explanatory factors for air temperature at the block scale in Renca across all four models. Models represent a tool that allows the evaluation of different design and urban planning alternatives at the scale of a city block, providing useful information for climate-sensitive decision-making.

城市规划通过设计和土地利用分配，在不同的大气层和空间尺度上影响城市气候动态和格局。气候敏感规划和设计引起了对气候参数决策的关注。为了对上述问题有所贡献，本研究着手确定城市设计特征（如植被覆盖和建筑密度）对气温行为的影响。我们进行了一个案例研究，选择了位于智利圣地亚哥西北部的Renca市，它代表了一个受强烈的白天和夜间城市热岛（UHI）影响的地中海城市地区。我们开发了简单的线性回归模型来估计四种不同的现在和未来情景下每个街区的气温：夏季和冬季，白天（16:00）和晚上（23:00）。利用具有城市气候带和自然局地气候带代表性的21个点的气温数据序列对城市环境变量进行了评价。对结果进行了评价和验证。我们发现植被、地表温度或相对湿度等变量都是伦卡地区块尺度气温的重要解释因子。模型是一种工具，可以在城市街区的尺度上评估不同的设计和城市规划备选方案，为气候敏感型决策提供有用的信息。

{"title":"Urban climate simulation model to support climate-sensitive planning decision making at local scale","authors":"Pamela Smith , Estela Blanco , Pablo Sarricolea , Orlando Peralta , Felipe Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban planning, through design and land use allocation, affects urban climate dynamics and patterns at different atmospheric layers and spatial scales. Climate sensitive planning and design draws attention to the consideration of climate parameters for decision making. Seeking to contribute to the above, this research set out to identify the effect of urban design features (e.g., vegetation cover and construction density) on air temperature behavior. We conducted a case study, selected the Renca municipality located north-west Santiago, Chile, which represents a Mediterranean urban area affected by an intense daytime and nighttime urban heat island (UHI). We developed simple linear regression models to estimate air temperature per block in four different present and future scenarios: summer and winter and for day (16:00) and night (23:00). The urban-environmental variables were evaluated with the air temperature data series, measured in 21 points in the commune which were representative of urban and natural local climatic zones (LCZ). The results were evaluated and validated. We observed that variables such as vegetation, surface temperature or relative humidity are important explanatory factors for air temperature at the block scale in Renca across all four models. Models represent a tool that allows the evaluation of different design and urban planning alternatives at the scale of a city block, providing useful information for climate-sensitive decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 279-292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Housing infrastructure and women in care: COVID-19 experiences from urban informal settlements of Khulna, Bangladesh 住房基础设施和护理中的妇女：孟加拉国库尔纳城市非正式住区的COVID-19经验

IF 3.9 2区社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Journal of Urban Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.006

Sheikh Serajul Hakim , Salma Akter , Md Azharul Islam , Md Saydur Rahman

Urban informal settlements in the Global South, home to over a billion people, face significant challenges due to limited space and inadequate Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) and Solid Waste Management (SWM) infrastructure. These deficiencies significantly impact women's ‘triple care role’—reproductive, productive, and community caregiving responsibilities—within their families, society, and the economy, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore how inadequate infrastructure in three informal settlements in Khulna, Bangladesh, influenced women's caregiving roles during the pandemic and their responses. Through semi-structured interviews with 24 women community leaders, who served as front-line workers during COVID-19, and supporting fieldwork, we discovered that women adapted by modifying their habits and the spatial layouts of their homes for isolation. Although some improvements were noted in WASH and SWM conditions, significant challenges remained, particularly in temporary housing, household adaptability, and reproductive responsibilities Despite facing informal employment, financial constraints, and food insecurity, women showed resilience through leadership, socio-political networking, and community initiatives. This study underscores the urgent need for adaptive infrastructure planning to improve living conditions in informal settlements, with a focus on proactive management of both spatial and non-spatial resources to enhance adaptation in resource-scarce contexts.

拥有超过10亿人口的南方国家的城市非正式住区由于空间有限以及水、环境卫生和个人卫生（WASH）和固体废物管理（SWM）基础设施不足而面临重大挑战。这些缺陷严重影响了妇女在家庭、社会和经济中的“三重照顾角色”——生殖、生产和社区照顾责任，COVID-19大流行加剧了这种情况。本研究旨在探讨孟加拉国库尔纳三个非正式住区基础设施不足如何影响妇女在大流行期间的护理作用及其应对措施。通过对24名在COVID-19期间担任一线工作人员的女性社区领袖进行半结构化访谈，并支持实地调查，我们发现，女性通过改变自己的习惯和家中的空间布局来适应隔离。尽管在WASH和SWM条件方面取得了一些改善，但仍存在重大挑战，特别是在临时住房、家庭适应性和生育责任方面。尽管面临非正规就业、财政限制和粮食不安全，但妇女通过领导、社会政治网络和社区倡议表现出了复原力。本研究强调迫切需要适应性基础设施规划，以改善非正式住区的生活条件，重点是空间和非空间资源的主动管理，以增强资源稀缺环境下的适应能力。

{"title":"Housing infrastructure and women in care: COVID-19 experiences from urban informal settlements of Khulna, Bangladesh","authors":"Sheikh Serajul Hakim , Salma Akter , Md Azharul Islam , Md Saydur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban informal settlements in the Global South, home to over a billion people, face significant challenges due to limited space and inadequate Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) and Solid Waste Management (SWM) infrastructure. These deficiencies significantly impact women's ‘triple care role’—reproductive, productive, and community caregiving responsibilities—within their families, society, and the economy, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore how inadequate infrastructure in three informal settlements in Khulna, Bangladesh, influenced women's caregiving roles during the pandemic and their responses. Through semi-structured interviews with 24 women community leaders, who served as front-line workers during COVID-19, and supporting fieldwork, we discovered that women adapted by modifying their habits and the spatial layouts of their homes for isolation. Although some improvements were noted in WASH and SWM conditions, significant challenges remained, particularly in temporary housing, household adaptability, and reproductive responsibilities Despite facing informal employment, financial constraints, and food insecurity, women showed resilience through leadership, socio-political networking, and community initiatives. This study underscores the urgent need for adaptive infrastructure planning to improve living conditions in informal settlements, with a focus on proactive management of both spatial and non-spatial resources to enhance adaptation in resource-scarce contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 81-104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0