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Citizenship, religion, gender and the politics of belonging: a case study of white, middle-class christian men in the East Midlands, United Kingdom 公民身份、宗教、性别和归属政治:英国东米德兰兹地区白人中产阶级基督徒男性的个案研究
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-04-27 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1466821
Line Nyhagen
Abstract Religion, and in particular Christianity, is losing ground in the UK as fewer people identify as Christian and more people report having no religion. Although religion remains influential in politics, education and welfare, the role and legitimacy of religion in the public sphere is highly contested. This context of religious and cultural change provides the background for a case study of white, middle class, Christian men in the East Midlands and how they understand and experience citizenship in everyday life. The article examines how religious faith and citizenship are linked, and whether religion provides resources or barriers to citizenship. The article argues that the interviewed men draw on both status and practice based understandings of citizenship, and on both instrumental and expressive forms of masculinity, depending on context. Notably, some of the men invoke a defensive discourse in reference to alleged threats posed to Christianity by secular forces and by Islam. The findings have larger implications for the politics of belonging in the UK and Western Europe.
随着越来越少的人认为自己是基督徒,越来越多的人认为自己没有宗教信仰,宗教,尤其是基督教,在英国正在失去地位。虽然宗教在政治、教育和福利方面仍然具有影响力,但宗教在公共领域的作用和合法性却备受争议。这种宗教和文化变化的背景为东米德兰的白人中产阶级基督徒男性的案例研究提供了背景,以及他们在日常生活中如何理解和体验公民身份。本文探讨了宗教信仰与公民身份之间的联系,以及宗教是否为公民身份提供了资源或障碍。这篇文章认为,受访的男性根据对公民身份的地位和实践的理解,以及男性气概的工具性和表现性形式,根据具体情况而定。值得注意的是,其中一些人援引了一种防御性的话语,指的是世俗势力和伊斯兰教对基督教构成的威胁。这些发现对英国和西欧的归属感政治有着更大的影响。
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引用次数: 4
Holy piracy: Kopimism, the sacralisation of information, and the legitimating power of religion 盗版:科普主义、信息神圣化和宗教合法化
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-04-27 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1466819
Seth M. Walker
Abstract Kopimism is a new religious movement predicated on, and revolving around, the assertion and belief that information is inherently sacred and needs to be copied and shared. Adherents to this Swedish-born religious movement have persisted in small pockets of devout communities around the world for almost a decade. This paper outlines a rudimentary and general sketch of the Kopimist worldview, its basic aims and its place within the contemporary religious landscape. In the latter part of this analysis, particular attention is given to the movement’s claim that it is not simply a sacralisation of political ideals – pirate politics, in particular – but that it maintains a distinct worldview and ethical system based on the notion that information – the foundation of everything – is itself divine. ‘Religion’ as a legitimating categorical force and the sociocultural conditions that engender new religious movements are also considered alongside the movement’s history and development.
科普主义是一种新的宗教运动,其基础和围绕的主张和信念是,信息本质上是神圣的,需要复制和共享。这个瑞典出生的宗教运动的信徒在世界各地的虔诚社区中坚持了近十年。本文概述了科普主义世界观的基本概况,其基本目标及其在当代宗教景观中的地位。在这篇分析的后半部分,我们特别关注了该运动的主张,即它不仅仅是一种政治理想的神圣化——尤其是海盗政治——而是它维持着一种独特的世界观和道德体系,这种世界观和道德体系基于信息这一概念——一切事物的基础——本身就是神圣的。“宗教”作为一种合法的绝对力量和产生新宗教运动的社会文化条件也与运动的历史和发展一起被考虑。
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引用次数: 1
A Greimas rectangle for a new New Atheism 新无神论的Greimas矩形
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-04-27 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1466818
Eric Chalfant
Abstract This paper deploys a diagrammatic tool pioneered by structuralist AJ Greimas and developed by Frederic Jameson to explicate the atheism of Slavoj Žižek. Reading the Greimas rectangle as capable of creating dynamic concepts (rather than simply mapping static structures of meaning), I show Žižek’s atheism to be an intellectual inversion of Blaise Pascal’s famous Wager. In light of contemporary criticisms of New Atheist thinkers for adopting a kind of secular fundamentalism, I argue that the Greimas rectangle can point towards novel forms of atheism that maintain open or incomplete ontologies less prone to supporting fundamentalist ideologies.
摘要本文采用结构主义者AJ Greimas首创、弗雷德里克·詹姆森开发的图解工具来解释斯拉沃吉泽克的无神论。将Greimas矩形解读为能够创造动态概念(而不是简单地映射意义的静态结构),我认为日耶克的无神论是布莱斯·帕斯卡著名的Wager的智力倒置。鉴于当代对新无神论思想家采用一种世俗原教旨主义的批评,我认为格雷玛斯矩形可以指向新形式的无神论,这些无神论保持开放或不完整的本体论,不太倾向于支持原教旨主义意识形态。
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引用次数: 0
Blurring boundaries and advancing interreligious understanding by engaging textual ‘others’ in a women’s interfaith book group 在一个女性跨信仰书籍小组中,通过文本“他人”的参与,模糊了界限,促进了宗教间的理解
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-04-24 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1466820
Louise K. Gramstrup
Abstract This article casts analytical light on how Jewish, Christian and Muslim women develop understanding of religious identities by engaging with multidimensional textual ‘others’ in the Daughters of Abraham interfaith book groups. It focuses on a group discussion of a rabbi’s memoir about her religious journey. Drawing on ethnographic material and Talal Asad’s analysis of the relationship between text and reader, I examine how narratives outside primary religious texts influence ideas about Jewish, Christian and Muslim identities. I argue that the Daughters members’ appropriation of literary voices advances their engagement with religious diversity by developing understanding of religious self and others. Moreover, members’ navigation of inter- and intra-religious relations during discussions of texts blur boundaries for inclusion into this interfaith encounter. This examination raises questions about issues of identity, power dynamics and interfaith relations. Importantly, it provides novel insight into the understudied areas of women’s interreligious encounter and shared reading practices.
摘要本文分析了犹太、基督教和穆斯林女性如何通过参与亚伯拉罕女儿不同信仰书籍群体中的多维文本“他人”来发展对宗教身份的理解。它聚焦于一位拉比关于她的宗教之旅的回忆录的小组讨论。根据人种学材料和塔拉尔·阿萨德对文本和读者之间关系的分析,我研究了主要宗教文本之外的叙事如何影响关于犹太人、基督徒和穆斯林身份的思想。我认为,女儿会成员对文学声音的挪用,通过发展对宗教自我和他人的理解,促进了他们对宗教多样性的参与。此外,成员们在讨论文本时对宗教间和宗教内关系的导航模糊了纳入这种宗教间交流的界限。这次考试提出了关于身份、权力动态和宗教间关系的问题。重要的是,它对妇女宗教间接触和共同阅读实践中研究不足的领域提供了新颖的见解。
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引用次数: 2
Belonging without commitment: the Christocentric view and the traditionist perspective on modern religion 没有承诺的归属:基督中心论与传统主义的现代宗教观
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1444657
Nissim Leon, Hizky Shoham
Abstract This essentially theoretical article suggests a novel way to conceptualise the middle spaces of people whose link to religion is perceived as partial and fragmentary – the vast majority of the population in the world of the twenty-first century, who belong to a religious tradition but are quite selective in their observances. We first argue that current conceptualisation of the middle spaces suffers from a predisposition we view as ‘Christocentric’. As the key to an alternative and non-Christocentric approach, we suggest the concept of ‘traditionism’, which permits a new theoretical discussion of the meanings of religion for contemporary individuals who belong to a religious tradition but are not fully committed to its current authorities or affiliated with recognised denominations. As a case study to clarify the new, non-Christocentric conceptualisation, we suggest the religious identity of contemporary ‘Arab Jews’ – Jews whose families originated in the Muslim Middle East – to highlight the potential contribution of a certain Jewish perspective to an understanding of modern religion as tradition and of modern practitioners of religion who belong to no denomination as ‘traditionists’.
摘要这篇本质上是理论性的文章提出了一种新颖的方式来概念化那些与宗教的联系被视为部分和零碎的人的中间空间——21世纪世界上的绝大多数人口,他们属于宗教传统,但在仪式上很有选择性。我们首先认为,当前对中间空间的概念化受到我们认为的“以基督为中心”的倾向的影响。作为替代和非基督中心主义方法的关键,我们提出了“传统主义”的概念,这允许对属于宗教传统但未完全致力于其当前权威或隶属于公认教派的当代个人的宗教含义进行新的理论讨论。作为澄清新的、非基督中心概念化的案例研究,我们提出了当代“阿拉伯犹太人”(其家庭起源于穆斯林中东的犹太人)的宗教身份,以强调某种犹太视角对理解现代宗教作为传统以及不属于任何教派的现代宗教从业者作为“传统主义者”的潜在贡献。
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引用次数: 5
Prophetic performatives: the New Age’s pending efficacy through self-prophecy 预言的表现:新时代通过自我预言的即将到来的功效
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-03-07 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1444652
S. Hashimoto
Abstract This paper broadens the limited area of scholarship on New Age spiritualism by providing and explanation for the suasive force of one of its main themes, the ‘Law of Attraction’. Rhonda Byrne’s The Secret, is utilised as emblematic of the doctrine, where the individual is seen to engage in a dynamic similar to that of classical predictive prophecy, with the role of prophet being internalised. Three elements discussed are the positioning of the prophet, prophecy’s temporal ambiguity, and its linguistic tense. This paper suggests that the Law of Attraction re-imagines and employs the predictive prophetic structure and suggests that such a belief can act as a fetish.
本文通过提供和解释其主题之一“吸引力法则”的说服力,拓宽了新时代唯心论学术研究的有限领域。朗达·伯恩的《秘密》被用作教义的象征,在那里,个人被视为参与了一种类似于经典预言的动态,先知的角色被内化了。本文讨论了先知的定位、预言的时间模糊性和它的语言时态三个要素。本文认为,吸引力法则重新想象并采用了预测性的预言结构,并认为这种信念可以作为一种恋物癖。
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引用次数: 1
The im-materiality of urban religion: towards an ethnography of urban religious aspirations 城市宗教的非物质性:走向城市宗教愿望的民族志
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-03-06 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1444656
M. Burchardt, M. Westendorp
Abstract In recent years, scholars from a wide variety of disciplines have engaged in the study of urban religion. Taken together, these studies form a paradigm that intertwines (1) the politics of belonging, (2) regimes of space and territoriality, (3) materiality and sensorial power and (4) visibility. We argue that while scholars have conceptualised these aspects in very nuanced ways, there is a need to address in a more rigorous way immaterial dimensions of urban religion. We encapsulate these immaterial dimensions in the notion of ‘urban religious aspirations’, meaning the multiple ideational sources that underpin people’s religious investments in urban life. We illustrate the relevance of studying aspirations with an ethnographic example of two Hong Kong Christian women and their involvement in the Umbrella Movement. Exploring their narratives demonstrates the need to take immaterial aspects of religious life into account when researching urban religion, especially in contexts where the distinction between the religious and the secular is less clearly defined.
摘要近年来,来自不同学科的学者参与了城市宗教的研究。总之,这些研究形成了一个范式,将(1)归属政治,(2)空间和领土制度,(3)物质性和感官力量,以及(4)可见性交织在一起。我们认为,虽然学者们以非常微妙的方式对这些方面进行了概念化,但有必要以更严格的方式解决城市宗教的非物质层面。我们将这些非物质维度封装在“城市宗教愿望”的概念中,这意味着支撑人们在城市生活中宗教投资的多重概念来源。我们以两名香港基督教妇女及其参与雨伞运动的民族志为例,说明研究抱负的相关性。探索他们的叙述表明,在研究城市宗教时,需要考虑宗教生活的非物质方面,尤其是在宗教和世俗之间的区别不太明确的情况下。
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引用次数: 20
The social life of the Samson Saga in Israeli religious Zionist rabbinic discourse 以色列犹太复国主义拉比话语中萨姆森传奇的社会生活
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1444653
Nehemia Stern
Abstract This article will explore how different contemporary groups of Israeli religious Zionists read and relate to the Biblical tales of Samson. Using current religious Zionist discourse (Bible lessons, newspaper articles and written opinion pieces) authored or delivered by leading rabbinic figures, this article will demonstrate how contemporary interpretations of the ‘Samson Saga’ (Judges 13–16) are used as a medium through which contemporary religious Zionists in Israel and the West Bank contest the meanings of political sovereignty, violence and personal ethics. More broadly, this article will argue that a focus on how sacred texts are interpreted, debated and contested in social contexts (or the ‘social life’ of a text) can offer scholars a thicker and more nuanced window into the varied ways in which religious nationalists grapple with competing political visions and desires.
摘要本文将探讨当代不同的以色列宗教犹太复国主义者群体如何阅读和理解《圣经》中的萨姆森故事。利用拉比领袖撰写或发表的当前宗教犹太复国主义话语(圣经课程、报纸文章和书面意见文章),本文将展示对《萨姆森传奇》(法官13-16)的当代解读是如何被用作以色列和约旦河西岸当代宗教犹太复国主义者对政治主权、暴力和个人道德含义进行质疑的媒介。更广泛地说,这篇文章将认为,关注神圣文本在社会背景下(或文本的“社会生活”)是如何被解读、辩论和争论的,可以为学者们提供一个更厚、更细致的窗口,让他们了解宗教民族主义者如何应对相互竞争的政治愿景和欲望。
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引用次数: 4
Religious/secular discourses and practices of good sex 良好性行为的宗教/世俗话语和实践
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1444655
L. Schrijvers, J. Wiering
Abstract This article focuses on the triangulation of sexuality, religion and secularity in Dutch society by analysing two contemporary case studies. We focus on sexual experiences and practices rather than sexual identities to further understand the constructions of what constitutes ‘good’ sex. The empirical research is situated in the Netherlands, where the binary of religion and sexual regulation versus secularity and sexual freedom has been dominant in both public and political discourse for a long time. Exploring sexual practices and narratives as central to the constitution of both religious and secular selves, we noted these to be fluctuating, inconsistent and subject to discourses. Our first case study discusses sexual experiences of non-heterosexual Protestant women, whereas the second explores the frequently considered ‘neutral’ notions of secularity in sexual education. Applying insights from both religious studies and queer studies, we bring the empirical study of sexuality together with the theoretical debates about the conceptualisation of the secular and the religious in contemporary Western Europe. This comparative approach to sexuality not only undermines the culturally presumed exclusive opposition of the secular and the religious but it also provides new empirical contributions for understanding the interactions between sexual practices and sexual discourses.
摘要本文通过分析两个当代案例,重点探讨荷兰社会中性、宗教和世俗的三角关系。我们关注性体验和性行为,而不是性身份,以进一步理解什么是“好”性的构成。这项实证研究位于荷兰,长期以来,宗教和性规范与世俗和性自由的二元对立一直在公共和政治话语中占据主导地位。在探索性行为和叙事作为宗教和世俗自我构成的核心时,我们注意到这些行为和叙事是波动的、不一致的,并且受制于话语。我们的第一个案例研究讨论了非异性恋新教女性的性经历,而第二个案例研究探讨了性教育中经常被认为是“中立”的世俗观念。运用宗教研究和酷儿研究的见解,我们将性的实证研究与当代西欧世俗和宗教概念化的理论辩论结合起来。这种对性的比较方法不仅破坏了世俗和宗教在文化上的排他性对立,而且为理解性行为和性话语之间的互动提供了新的经验贡献。
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引用次数: 15
Misusing church brands: problems with the ownership and management of denominational brand imagery in the United Methodist Church 滥用教会品牌:联合卫理公会教派品牌形象的所有权和管理问题
0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2018-02-28 DOI: 10.1080/14755610.2018.1444654
Adam Trey Shirley
Abstract Trademarked images frequently play an important role in helping contemporary religious institutions establish and maintain a visual identity for their brands. But, these images and the subsequent decision to protect them legally also signify a clash of opinions on authority, theology and rights of ownership. Thus, disputes about trademarked images within religious communities are more than mere negotiations over who can and cannot use a particular symbol, but are ultimately conflicts that end up demarcating the boundaries of institutional membership and revealing a religious body’s (often unquestioned) allegiance to market-based principles. This article explores a case study regarding the United Methodist Church’s ‘Cross and Flame’ insigne, and investigates how tensions over the logo’s proper use uncover implicit statements about the denomination’s position on free market competition in a religious marketplace.
摘要商标图像经常在帮助当代宗教机构建立和维护其品牌的视觉标识方面发挥重要作用。但是,这些图像以及随后依法保护它们的决定也意味着在权威、神学和所有权方面的意见冲突。因此,宗教团体内部关于商标图像的争议不仅仅是关于谁可以和不能使用特定符号的谈判,而是最终划定机构成员界限并揭示宗教团体(通常是毫无疑问的)对市场原则的忠诚的冲突。本文探讨了一个关于联合卫理公会“十字架与火焰”标志的案例研究,并调查了该标志正确使用的紧张关系如何揭示了该教派在宗教市场自由市场竞争中的立场。
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引用次数: 0
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Culture and Religion
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