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Discourses of colorblind racism on an internet forum 网络论坛上的色盲种族主义话语
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2021.1896529
Christian Stokke
ABSTRACT This paper analyzes discourses of everyday racism and colorblind racism on an internet forum. While skin color is invisible online, identities as black, white and shades in between show through participants’ perspectives and communicative behavior in discussions about racism. Critical race theory and whiteness studies argue that there is a perception gap between black and white perspectives on racism, linked to positionality in social structures, which influences experiences and shapes perceptions of the world. This paper shows how black participants in online discussions tend to be more conscious of racial issues and skilled at recognizing racism, while whites often reflect a colorblind discourse that denies structural racism and reproduces everyday racism. Starting with critical perspectives of conscious blacks on the forum and drawing on Cultural Discourse Studies and critical race theory, this paper examines power relations and cultural perspectives underlying white participants’ claims, perspectives and speech acts.
摘要本文分析了网络论坛上关于日常种族主义和色盲种族主义的论述。虽然肤色在网上是看不见的,但在关于种族主义的讨论中,黑人、白人和介于两者之间的阴影的身份通过参与者的视角和交流行为来显示。批判性种族理论和白人研究认为,黑人和白人对种族主义的看法之间存在着认知差距,这与社会结构中的地位有关,而社会结构会影响经验并塑造对世界的看法。这篇论文展示了在线讨论中的黑人参与者往往更清楚种族问题,并善于识别种族主义,而白人往往反映出一种否认结构性种族主义并再现日常种族主义的色盲话语。本文从论坛上有意识的黑人的批判性视角出发,借鉴文化话语研究和批判性种族理论,考察了白人参与者的主张、观点和言论行为背后的权力关系和文化视角。
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引用次数: 6
The role of strategic communication to respond effectively to pandemics 战略沟通在有效应对流行病方面的作用
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2021.1885417
Gary L. Kreps
ABSTRACT Health communication is a crucial social process for responding to devastating pandemics, which demand timely, accurate, and culturally sensitive communication that meaningfully informs coordinated and effective responses. The current coronavirus pandemic has not been responded to well in many parts of the world due, in large part, to ineffective communication, resulting in high rates of infection, death, and suffering. This article examines the communication demands of responding to pandemics and expands upon Mowlana’s point that pandemics demand novel responsive programs and policies to adapt to serious challenges. The article applies Mowlana’s examination of power issues that emerge during pandemics by focusing on the power of health and risk communication, sharing relevant health information, promoting sensemaking, and encouraging coordination in response to pandemics. Relevant health information can empower effective responses to pandemics by enhancing understanding about health threats, enabling development of evidence-based strategies for responding to threats, and providing guidance for averting and addressing future pandemics. This article is grounded in the systems principle of requisite variety and community-based sense-making tenets of Weick’s model of organizing. The development of strategic communication responses to pandemics is shown to provide important opportunities to promote international health diplomacy through the use of soft power.
摘要健康沟通是应对毁灭性流行病的关键社会过程,需要及时、准确和文化敏感的沟通,为协调有效的应对措施提供有意义的信息。当前的冠状病毒大流行在世界许多地方没有得到很好的应对,这在很大程度上是由于沟通无效,导致感染率、死亡率和痛苦率很高。本文探讨了应对流行病的沟通需求,并扩展了Mowlana的观点,即流行病需要新的应对计划和政策来适应严峻的挑战。这篇文章应用了莫拉纳对流行病期间出现的权力问题的研究,重点关注健康和风险沟通的权力,分享相关健康信息,促进感知,并鼓励协调应对流行病。相关的健康信息可以通过增强对健康威胁的了解,制定基于证据的应对威胁战略,并为避免和应对未来的流行病提供指导,从而增强对流行病的有效应对能力。本文立足于威克组织模式的必要多样性的系统原理和基于社区的意义建构原则。针对流行病的战略沟通对策的发展为利用软实力促进国际卫生外交提供了重要机会。
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引用次数: 8
The cultural dimensions of the coronavirus crisis: soft power revisited 新冠病毒危机的文化层面:重新审视软实力
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2020.1863415
H. Mowlana
ABSTRACT For many people around the world, the scale of the coronavirus crisis called to patterns of escalating cultural problems and polarization we have faced. This article looks at the cultural and power dimensions of this crisis in the context of soft power theory and makes a number of conceptual suggestions for future research.
摘要对世界各地的许多人来说,冠状病毒危机的规模反映了我们所面临的文化问题和两极分化的升级模式。本文在软实力理论的背景下审视了这场危机的文化和权力维度,并为未来的研究提出了一些概念性建议。
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引用次数: 1
Speculations on the political agency of public MatterBio 关于公众MatterBio政治代理的思考
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2020.1857766
Tom Bowers
Beatrice Dube’s article directs those engaged in the study of discourse to an important line of inquiry: while states and governments may evolve political policies may not, and the persistence of these policies, including those that continue practices of inequality, may be rooted in the continuation of certain practices of discourse. In her analysis of the inability of water allocation reform in South Africa to ‘promote equitable access of water for all,’ Dube moves the discussion away from associating the policy’s failure with structural constraints, leading us instead to the persistence of a discourse that promotes what she characterizes as ‘deficit thinking.’ This discourse, espoused through various strata of South African society, defines black individuals as incapable of being ‘active and productive water users as well as competent government officials.’ Dube’s research offers a clear example of the influence of discourse in shaping bodies, beliefs, and practices, but it also leaves us to consider the availability of alternatives and challenges to the prevailing ideology and discourse. In this brief commentary, I want to promote discussion of the possibilities afforded by the recent turn to the material as a means to identify the emergence of public agency and alternative discourses and the potential for such material-discursive becoming to advance social change. With the increasing contemporary presence of a wide range of material objects central to human existence, numerous intellectuals during the past decade have positioned matter as an active force that constitutes not just the material world but also the social world (Latour 2005; Bennett 2010; Barad 2007: Braidotti 2013). Granting matter agency is driven not just by the ubiquity of materiality but also by the suggested limits of the linguistic and representational construction of reality. More than just a product of the symbolic, reality is also constituted through the relations among objects, with the becoming of the world a product of other-than-human actions. The intellectual movement, which for the sake of conciseness I will refer to as new materialism, is not without detractors, with some questioning the merits of the approach based on definitions of agency, a neglect of power, a reliance on metaphysical attunement, and an overly optimistic promise of a more ethical and just world (Malm 2018; Lettow 2017; Rekret 2016; Washick et al. 2015). As with all knowledge work, the challenges to new materialism should not be cause to negate the approach but should rather serve as prompts by which to reconsider and refine the relation between matter and discourse. Dube’s example of water allocation reform in South Africa offers an excellent opportunity to further explore the relation,
Beatrice Dube的文章将那些从事话语研究的人引向了一条重要的探究路线:虽然国家和政府可能会发展政治政策,但也可能不会,这些政策的持续存在,包括那些继续实行不平等的政策,可能植根于某些话语实践的延续。杜布在分析南非水资源分配改革在“促进人人平等用水”方面的无能时,将讨论从将政策失败与结构性约束联系起来,转向了一种持续存在的话语,这种话语促进了她所描述的“赤字思维”。这种话语得到了南非社会各阶层的支持,它将黑人定义为“既不能成为积极、高效的用水者,也不能成为称职的政府官员”。杜布的研究为话语在塑造身体、信仰和实践方面的影响提供了一个清晰的例子,但它也让我们考虑到主流意识形态和话语的替代方案和挑战的可用性。在这篇简短的评论中,我想促进对最近转向材料作为一种手段所提供的可能性的讨论,以确定公共机构和替代话语的出现,以及这种物质话语成为推动社会变革的潜力。随着对人类生存至关重要的各种各样的物质对象在当代的出现,在过去的十年中,许多知识分子将物质定位为一种积极的力量,它不仅构成了物质世界,而且构成了社会世界(Latour 2005;班尼特2010;Barad 2007; Braidotti 2013)。授予物质代理不仅受到无处不在的物质性的驱动,还受到现实的语言和表征结构的建议限制。现实不仅仅是象征的产物,它也是通过对象之间的关系构成的,世界成为非人类行为的产物。为了简洁起见,我将其称为新唯物主义的知识分子运动并非没有批评者,一些人质疑基于代理定义的方法的优点,忽视权力,依赖形而上学的调和,以及对更道德和更公正的世界的过于乐观的承诺(Malm 2018;Lettow 2017;Rekret 2016;Washick et al. 2015)。与所有的知识工作一样,对新唯物主义的挑战不应该是否定这种方法的原因,而应该是作为重新考虑和完善物质与话语之间关系的提示。杜布的南非水资源分配改革的例子为进一步探索这种关系提供了一个极好的机会,
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引用次数: 0
When digitization is not enough. A perspective from the museum field in the digital age 当数字化还不够时。数字时代博物馆领域的视角
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2020.1859518
Héctor Valverde Martínez

ABSTRACT

The inclusion-exclusion of visitors in museum spaces since the introduction of digital devices has its correlation with the narratives that give origin to the Mexican museums, which are institutions with roots so deep that perceive the changes as a prosthetic element that is added to the already proven formula of making and understanding the (traditional) museum. In that sense, this text seeks to identify the narratives and the political, social, economic and communicative implications that the introduction of digital devices as interpretative tools in museum spaces has. The results obtained from a job carried out at the International Baroque Museum in the summer of 2019, in which a series of interviews were applied to the visitors and museum staff, as well as participating in observation exercises which will serve as a reference to illustrate the statement that museums are institutions that try to maintain the traditional relationship between visitors and museums despite the introduction of digital devices, reinforcing the exclusion by maintaining the forms of expression inherited by the colonial past of the museum.

摘要自从引入数字设备以来,博物馆空间对游客的包容与排斥与赋予墨西哥博物馆起源的叙事有关,这些博物馆是根深蒂固的机构,将变化视为添加到已经被证明的制作和理解(传统)博物馆的公式中的假体元素。从这个意义上说,本文试图确定在博物馆空间中引入数字设备作为解释工具所带来的叙事和政治、社会、经济和交流影响。2019年夏天在国际巴洛克博物馆进行的一项工作获得的结果,其中对游客和博物馆工作人员进行了一系列访谈,并参与了观察练习,这些练习将作为参考,说明博物馆是一个机构,尽管引入了数字设备,但仍试图保持游客和博物馆之间的传统关系。通过保持博物馆的殖民历史所继承的表达形式来加强排他性。
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引用次数: 1
Deficit thinking in South Africa's water allocation reform discourses: a cultural discourse perspective 南非水资源分配改革话语中的缺陷思维:文化话语视角
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-10-27 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2020.1835926
B. Dube
ABSTRACT The article focuses on how deficit thinking emerges from the statements made by some of the participants of a study on water allocation reform in South Africa. It draws from interviews and focus group discussions from a select few participants of the qualitative study. The application of the deconstructive strategy to analyse data revealed perceptions of deficiencies in the capacities of Black people in agriculture as well as in government offices. The study found that expressions of concern regarding threats on the environment when and if water is allocated to Black communities were based on assumptions of inherent deficiencies within the Black communities. This article characterises this perception as ‘deficit thinking’. The article provides the basis for such characterisation by explaining the origins and meaning of the concept of deficit thinking. It argues for the need to consider the impact of social forces such as apartheid discriminatory practices on the socio-economic constitution of the Black person. The article concludes that deficit thinking needs to be considered and confronted as a challenge trumping water reform. It warns of the implicitness and covertness of deficit thinking and recommends that discourses reflect the realities of post-1994 South Africa which emerged from colonial and apartheid rule.
摘要本文着重探讨赤字思维是如何从南非水资源分配改革研究的一些参与者的发言中产生的。它借鉴了定性研究中少数参与者的访谈和焦点小组讨论。应用解构策略分析数据揭示了人们对黑人在农业和政府部门能力不足的看法。研究发现,当水分配给黑人社区时,对环境威胁的担忧是基于对黑人社区内部固有缺陷的假设。这篇文章将这种看法描述为“赤字思维”。本文通过解释赤字思维概念的起源和意义,为这种定性提供了依据。它认为有必要考虑种族隔离歧视做法等社会力量对黑人社会经济构成的影响。文章的结论是,赤字思维需要被视为战胜水改革的挑战。它警告赤字思维的隐含性和隐蔽性,并建议话语反映1994年后南非摆脱殖民和种族隔离统治的现实。
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引用次数: 1
Chinese discourse studies in media and politics: theories, concepts and methodologies 媒介与政治中的中国话语研究:理论、概念与方法论
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-10-06 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2020.1825453
Yuan Ping
China’s growing economic, political and military strength has captured worldwide attention, engendering debate about its geopolitical implications (Power and Mohan 2010). The news media play a crucial role in people’s perception of China as a rising power which, in turn, has affected the course of international politics and foreign policy (Zhang 2010). For years, China has sought to promote a positive image of itself to the outside world (Barr 2012), as events and decisions in China increasingly have an impact on politics and economics globally. Understanding how Chinese society is developing has thus become a key issue for scholars and policymakers around the globe. Brand China in the Media and Contemporary Chinese Discourse and Social Practice in China are two comprehensive studies of this growing area of research, offer critical insights into Chinese discourse studies and illustrate the crucial role played by discourses in the transformation of Chinese society and identity. They also both unveil the strategies and sociocultural implications of political and media discourses. This review article first gives a brief overview of each book and then compares and contrasts the similarities and differences between these two books, considering thematic, conceptual and methodological dimensions.
中国日益增长的经济、政治和军事实力引起了全世界的关注,引发了关于其地缘政治影响的争论(Power和Mohan,2010)。新闻媒体在人们对中国崛起的看法中发挥着至关重要的作用,这反过来又影响了国际政治和外交政策的进程(张,2010)。多年来,随着中国的事件和决策对全球政治和经济的影响越来越大,中国一直寻求向外界宣传自己的积极形象(Barr 2012)。因此,了解中国社会如何发展已成为全球学者和政策制定者的一个关键问题。《媒介中的品牌中国》和《当代中国话语与中国社会实践》是对这一日益增长的研究领域的两个综合性研究,为中国话语研究提供了批判性的见解,并说明了话语在中国社会和身份转变中所起的关键作用。它们还揭示了政治和媒体话语的策略和社会文化含义。这篇综述文章首先对每本书进行了简要概述,然后从主题、概念和方法等方面对这两本书的异同进行了比较和对比。
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引用次数: 0
Enregisterment into Dutchness: integrational discourses in volunteer-run Dutch language classes 荷兰语注册:志愿者开办的荷兰语课程的综合话语
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2020.1835925
M. Spotti, Eline van Rooij
ABSTRACT This contribution focuses on the discursive construction of refugees within the process of civic integration in the Netherlands. The study – that uses interpretive ethnographic means of data collection and analysis – takes as its case in point the Common Room, a communal building belonging to a regionally supported foundation meant to facilitate – through the support of volunteers – the integration of refugees in the South of the Netherlands. Following the discourse practices present among both managers and volunteers there, our analysis argues that the Dutch language courses held at the Common Room work toward the discursive enregisterment of refugees into a broader sense of Dutchness, that is, into an ideological meta-pragmatic discursive apparatus that spells out how and what someone should do in order to be(come) Dutch. These bottom-up integrational practices are used as a point of reflection for drawing considerations on the body of top-down policies that have been authored and authorized by the Dutch government in the past decade in order to achieve refugees’ integration into Dutch society.
这篇论文的重点是荷兰公民融合过程中难民的话语建构。这项研究使用了数据收集和分析的解释性民族志方法,以公共房间为例,这是一个由地区支持的基金会的公共建筑,旨在通过志愿者的支持促进荷兰南部难民的融合。根据在那里的管理者和志愿者中出现的话语实践,我们的分析认为,在公共休息室举办的荷兰语课程致力于将难民的话语登记为更广泛意义上的荷兰人,也就是说,进入一种意识形态的元实用主义话语装置,阐明某人应该如何以及如何做才能成为荷兰人。这些自下而上的整合实践被用来作为一个反思点,以借鉴荷兰政府在过去十年中制定和授权的自上而下的政策,以实现难民融入荷兰社会。
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引用次数: 0
Educational environments as contested multicultural discursive spaces: toward the enregisterment of identities into conditions of immobility 作为有争议的多元文化话语空间的教育环境:朝向身份登记进入不动的条件
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2020.1830999
M. Spotti, S. Kroon
Classrooms and schools, whether falling in or outside regular education, endorse the task of presenting those who attend them with legitimate knowledge in a given historical context (Young 2009). T...
课堂和学校,无论是在正规教育中还是在正规教育之外,都支持在给定的历史背景下向学生提供合法知识的任务(Young 2009)。T…
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引用次数: 0
The changing discourse of intercultural ethics: a diachronic meta-analysis 跨文化伦理话语的变迁:历时元分析
IF 1.5 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-08-10 DOI: 10.1080/17447143.2020.1803887
Dominic Busch
ABSTRACT Contemporary epistemological debates on how to research interculturality frequently draw on either side of a schism between positivist and essentialist approaches vs. critical and poststructuralist paradigms. The debate lives from its retrospective either-or character dividing the history of research on interculturality into a first epoch of epistemological naiveté and a more recent age of ethical consideration and reflection. This dichotomy however is too simplistic, and it blurs our views from perceiving a more complex present and past reality. This study assumes that research on interculturality has always built on normative orientations from social discourse and that this discourse has been under permanent change. Accordingly, it assumes that there has not been a paradigm shift or break in research but that this shift has only been used as a hegemonic instrument in inner-disciplinary discourses. This study re-traces this changing discourse of intercultural ethics using a grounded theory approach to central literature from the field. Since the 1960s, four epochs of different normative orientations have been identified from pragmatism via modesty and then a new hope up to a most recent epoch of new explorations. This results in a more complex picture of the normative discourse on interculturality beyond the positivism-poststructuralism debate.
当代关于如何研究跨文化性的认识论辩论,经常在实证主义和本质主义方法与批判和后结构主义范式之间产生分裂。这场辩论源于它的非此即彼的回顾性,它将跨文化研究的历史划分为认识论上的幼稚时代的第一个时代和伦理思考和反思的更近的时代。然而,这种二分法过于简单,它模糊了我们对更复杂的现在和过去现实的看法。本研究假设跨文化研究一直建立在社会话语的规范性取向上,并且这种话语一直处于永久变化之中。因此,它假设在研究中没有范式的转变或突破,而这种转变只是在学科内部话语中被用作霸权工具。本研究使用扎根的理论方法对该领域的中心文献重新追溯了这种不断变化的跨文化伦理话语。自20世纪60年代以来,已经确定了四个不同规范取向的时代,从实用主义到谦虚,然后是新希望,直到最近的新探索时代。这导致了超越实证主义与后结构主义之争的关于跨文化的规范性话语的更为复杂的图景。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Multicultural Discourses
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