Pub Date : 2023-02-07DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2023.2172548
Ch Job Chawang
ABSTRACT This article is an attempt to understand education in light of the complex multiethnic relationships and politics prevailing in the state of Manipur. With the sustained tension between the Nagas, Kukis, and Meiteis over the matter of identity, education in the state remains massively divided along ethnic lines. That said, the Meiteis, as the ethnic majority, have been systematically influential in prioritising their identity and development in education, as its control remains in their purview. The subsequent claim and counterclaim regarding the imposition of the dominant Meitei language and culture in the school curriculum have further worsened the ethnic relationship. Consequently, the perceived sense of alienation by the tribal minorities in this sense has added to their sectarian aspirations and detachment from the state. Thus, through fieldwork and a review of literature, this paper presents the various discourses concerning the complex tussle over the control of resources and governance in the education system of Manipur.
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Pub Date : 2023-02-07DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2023.2175313
Supriya Dutta
Bibliography Duruz, J. “Laksa Nation: Taste of “Asian” Belonging, Borrowed and Reimagined.” In Culinary Nationalism in Asia, edited by M. T. King. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2019. Kahn, J. “Other Cosmopolitans in the Making of the Malay World.” In Anthropology and the New Cosmopolitanism: Rooted, Feminist and Vernacular Perspectives, edited by P. Werbner, 261–280. Oxford: Berg, 2008. Nursal, M. F., A. W. N. Fikri, H. W. Istianingish, E. Bukhari, and D. T. Untari. “The Business Strategy of “Laksa” Culinary Tourism in Tangerang, Indonesia.” African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 8, no. 5 (2019): 1–9. Rocha, Z. L., and B. S. A. Yeoh. “‘True Blue’ or Part Peranakan? Peranakan Chinese Identity, Mixedness and Authenticity in Singapore.” Asian Ethnicity 23, no. 4 (2022): 803–827. doi:10.1080/14631369.2022. 2082374. Zainal, H., and W. J. Abdullah. “Chinese Privilege in Politics: A Case Study of Singapore’s Ruling Elites.” Asian Ethnicity 22, no. 3 (2021): 481–497. doi:10.1080/14631369.2019.1706153.
{"title":"Tea Plantation Labour of Assam: Migration, Culture and Identity","authors":"Supriya Dutta","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2023.2175313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2023.2175313","url":null,"abstract":"Bibliography Duruz, J. “Laksa Nation: Taste of “Asian” Belonging, Borrowed and Reimagined.” In Culinary Nationalism in Asia, edited by M. T. King. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2019. Kahn, J. “Other Cosmopolitans in the Making of the Malay World.” In Anthropology and the New Cosmopolitanism: Rooted, Feminist and Vernacular Perspectives, edited by P. Werbner, 261–280. Oxford: Berg, 2008. Nursal, M. F., A. W. N. Fikri, H. W. Istianingish, E. Bukhari, and D. T. Untari. “The Business Strategy of “Laksa” Culinary Tourism in Tangerang, Indonesia.” African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 8, no. 5 (2019): 1–9. Rocha, Z. L., and B. S. A. Yeoh. “‘True Blue’ or Part Peranakan? Peranakan Chinese Identity, Mixedness and Authenticity in Singapore.” Asian Ethnicity 23, no. 4 (2022): 803–827. doi:10.1080/14631369.2022. 2082374. Zainal, H., and W. J. Abdullah. “Chinese Privilege in Politics: A Case Study of Singapore’s Ruling Elites.” Asian Ethnicity 22, no. 3 (2021): 481–497. doi:10.1080/14631369.2019.1706153.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"636 - 638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44781293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2158784
S. Yuliawati, Reiza D. Dienaputra, Agusmanon Yunaidi
ABSTRACT There has been much discussion of Indonesia’s changing policies toward ethnic Chinese and the phenomenon of anti-Chinese sentiment. However, cases where Chinese Indonesians and native Indonesians live peacefully side by side are worth investigating. This paper explores the notable tolerance and maintenance of a relatively peaceful coexistence between the Sundanese and Chinese in areas with peaceful relations of long standing between their communities. In particular, we investigate the area called Kampung Toleransi (Kampong of Tolerance), an officially designated name of the City Government of Bandung in 2018. The results show that Kampung Toleransi is a symbol of a religious and ethnic harmony. We argue that it is self-evident that the two ethnicities are living harmoniously due to general tolerance of religious and ethnic differences. By maintaining peaceful coexistence, the two communities obtain mutual benefit.
{"title":"Coexistence of the ethnic Chinese and Sundanese in the city of Bandung, West Java: a case study on Kampung Toleransi","authors":"S. Yuliawati, Reiza D. Dienaputra, Agusmanon Yunaidi","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2158784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2158784","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There has been much discussion of Indonesia’s changing policies toward ethnic Chinese and the phenomenon of anti-Chinese sentiment. However, cases where Chinese Indonesians and native Indonesians live peacefully side by side are worth investigating. This paper explores the notable tolerance and maintenance of a relatively peaceful coexistence between the Sundanese and Chinese in areas with peaceful relations of long standing between their communities. In particular, we investigate the area called Kampung Toleransi (Kampong of Tolerance), an officially designated name of the City Government of Bandung in 2018. The results show that Kampung Toleransi is a symbol of a religious and ethnic harmony. We argue that it is self-evident that the two ethnicities are living harmoniously due to general tolerance of religious and ethnic differences. By maintaining peaceful coexistence, the two communities obtain mutual benefit.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"390 - 405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41469316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-27DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2023.2166460
A. Ranjan, Devika Mittal
ABSTRACT In 2019, the Indian parliament adopted the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, which grants citizenship to non-Muslims ‘persecuted’ minorities such as Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis or Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Protests were held against the CAA in various parts of India. For protestors, the CAA is contrary to the secular character of the Indian citizenship. Supporters of the CAA also held rallies enumerating its benefits. This paper traces the historical evolution of the constitutional debates and changes in the Indian citizenship rules, and examines the socio-political impact of the CAA.
{"title":"The Citizenship (Amendment) Act and the changing idea of Indian Citizenship","authors":"A. Ranjan, Devika Mittal","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2023.2166460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2023.2166460","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 2019, the Indian parliament adopted the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, which grants citizenship to non-Muslims ‘persecuted’ minorities such as Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis or Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Protests were held against the CAA in various parts of India. For protestors, the CAA is contrary to the secular character of the Indian citizenship. Supporters of the CAA also held rallies enumerating its benefits. This paper traces the historical evolution of the constitutional debates and changes in the Indian citizenship rules, and examines the socio-political impact of the CAA.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"463 - 481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44505477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-08DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2023.2165034
Dola Borkataki, C. Sharma
ABSTRACT Land alienation among its tribal communities has been one of the most disquieting issues in contemporary India despite existing laws for the protection of tribal land and habitat. This situation is attributed mainly to requisition of tribal land for various developmental activities undertaken by the state as well as its indifference in enforcing the existing laws. The situation in Assam clearly illustrates this. Despite the existing laws, the tribal communities have been unable to retain their ownership of the land. This paper shows that while the state-led development activities are significantly responsible for this, the various informal ways in which the transfer of tribal land takes place at a private level are also no less alarming. Explicating the dynamics behind this process, the paper divulges the multiple informal mechanisms, embedded in community network and trust at the local level to negotiate the protective land laws to facilitate the transfer of tribal land to non-tribal communities.
{"title":"Social network, trust, and rural informalities: transfer of tribal land ownership in protected areas of Assam, Northeast India","authors":"Dola Borkataki, C. Sharma","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2023.2165034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2023.2165034","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Land alienation among its tribal communities has been one of the most disquieting issues in contemporary India despite existing laws for the protection of tribal land and habitat. This situation is attributed mainly to requisition of tribal land for various developmental activities undertaken by the state as well as its indifference in enforcing the existing laws. The situation in Assam clearly illustrates this. Despite the existing laws, the tribal communities have been unable to retain their ownership of the land. This paper shows that while the state-led development activities are significantly responsible for this, the various informal ways in which the transfer of tribal land takes place at a private level are also no less alarming. Explicating the dynamics behind this process, the paper divulges the multiple informal mechanisms, embedded in community network and trust at the local level to negotiate the protective land laws to facilitate the transfer of tribal land to non-tribal communities.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"445 - 462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44025899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2159322
Liangamang Robert, A. Walling
ABSTRACT The Naga, comprised of various tribes, were traditionally governed by independent village republics. The inclusion of the Naga areas into the modern Indian State has been opposed, ensuing in a long-drawn armed struggle for sovereignty. Military measures have been used to deal with this struggle. Naga society is characterized by dualities in the form of the categorization of tribes as an administrative category against the discourse of a greater Naga identity, experiences of electoral politics to the Naga indigenous form of democracy rooted in the village republic, and the protracted Naga political struggle to the idea of Nagaland state as a solution, among many others. These dualities have shaped collective actions in the forms of associations and organizations to constitute the Naga civil society. The paper examines the socio-political realities and the resulting collective actions as a dimension of civil society.
{"title":"Tribalization in civic space: Locating civil society in the Naga context","authors":"Liangamang Robert, A. Walling","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2159322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2159322","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Naga, comprised of various tribes, were traditionally governed by independent village republics. The inclusion of the Naga areas into the modern Indian State has been opposed, ensuing in a long-drawn armed struggle for sovereignty. Military measures have been used to deal with this struggle. Naga society is characterized by dualities in the form of the categorization of tribes as an administrative category against the discourse of a greater Naga identity, experiences of electoral politics to the Naga indigenous form of democracy rooted in the village republic, and the protracted Naga political struggle to the idea of Nagaland state as a solution, among many others. These dualities have shaped collective actions in the forms of associations and organizations to constitute the Naga civil society. The paper examines the socio-political realities and the resulting collective actions as a dimension of civil society.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"423 - 444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43805549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2159324
Xiaocui Han
ABSTRACT In post-Mao China, the Bulang ethnic group in Yunnan province use Pu’er tea cultivation as a primary way of reconstructing their ethnic identities and cultural traditions. In this paper, I argue that in the process of ethnicization, material culture is a critical factor in addition to myth, history, religions, and cultures, rooted in a historical process of forming ethnic identities, based on a six-month participant observation in Mangjing Village with local tea farmers. I further argue that the Bulang people’s reconstruction of ethnicity can be seen as an incorporation between the majority (state power) and the minority (ethnic people in frontiers) and is constituted by both external and internal factors. I also highlight that Pu’er tea functions as a particularly meaningful material agency when looking at how the Bulang people in Mangjing proactively respond to state power manipulation, mobilize social relations, and engage with a larger commercial market in the modern world.
{"title":"Reconstruction of Ethnicity and Production of Pu’er Tea in Post-Mao China: a Case Study of Bulang Ethnic Group in Mangjing Village, Yunnan Province","authors":"Xiaocui Han","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2159324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2159324","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In post-Mao China, the Bulang ethnic group in Yunnan province use Pu’er tea cultivation as a primary way of reconstructing their ethnic identities and cultural traditions. In this paper, I argue that in the process of ethnicization, material culture is a critical factor in addition to myth, history, religions, and cultures, rooted in a historical process of forming ethnic identities, based on a six-month participant observation in Mangjing Village with local tea farmers. I further argue that the Bulang people’s reconstruction of ethnicity can be seen as an incorporation between the majority (state power) and the minority (ethnic people in frontiers) and is constituted by both external and internal factors. I also highlight that Pu’er tea functions as a particularly meaningful material agency when looking at how the Bulang people in Mangjing proactively respond to state power manipulation, mobilize social relations, and engage with a larger commercial market in the modern world.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"344 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42575232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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