Pub Date : 2019-06-28DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-05-2018-0835
J. C. Castillo, Elsa Goicochea, Mario Chong, Michelle Rodríguez
In recent decades, there has been an important growth of Latin American cities; therefore, the demand for resources and services has increased for cities to function and meet the needs of their inhabitants. Latin American cities are growing rapidly and this process affects the quality of life of citizens. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the logistics of an area of the city of Lima, Peru; through the analysis of the practices of the last mile distribution, and in this way, contribute with information that can be used for decision-making and for the proposal of public policies that improve the efficiency of logistics operations in the area.,Regarding the methodology applied, first, we identified the district to be analyzed using marketing information from the districts of Lima. Next, the authors collected information using forms following the methodology of the last Mile/Km2-MIT. Finally, the project planning finished in 15 days.,It was found that most of the stores in the area are nanostores that sell diverse products, the community does not have parking lots or loading and unloading areas and the majority of deliveries are made to wholesalers and supermarkets. In addition, a relationship between business density and the traffic congestion was identified and taxis are the most widely used means of distribution of goods. Most of the streets do not have signage, they are mainly one-way and do not have exclusive routes for public transportation.,Due to not having georeference information about the specific stores location and statistics data about its suppliers, the research results may show a primarily scope. Based on the results, the authors are encouraged to do more research using data analytics as in the next steps.,The paper reinforces the importance and challenge of working collaboration between suppliers, owners and local government.,The paper provides opportunities to create new policies, as well as an incentive plan for personal workers, suppliers and ecosolution proposals.,Currently, as per the authors’ knowledge, there is no varied literature that characterizes and analyzes the logistic profile of the districts of Lima city and serves as a basis for the implementation of solutions and public policies.,El objetivo de esta investigacion es caracterizar la logistica de un area de la ciudad de Lima, Peru; a traves del analisis de las practicas de la distribucion de la ultima milla y, de esta manera, contribuir con informacion que se puede utilizar para la toma de decisiones y para la propuesta de politicas publicas que mejoren la eficiencia de las operaciones logisticas en el area.,Con respecto a la metodologia aplicada, primero, se identifico el distrito a analizar utilizando informacion de mercadeo de los distritos de Lima; a continuacion, se recopilo informacion utilizando formularios siguiendo la metodologia de la ultima milla/Km2-MIT; finalmente, la planificacion del proyecto termino en 15 dias.,Se encontro que la mayoria de
近几十年来，拉丁美洲的城市有了重要的增长;因此，城市对资源和服务的需求增加了，以满足其居民的需求。拉丁美洲的城市正在迅速发展，这一进程影响到公民的生活质量。本文的目的是表征秘鲁利马市的一个地区的物流;通过对最后一英里配送实践的分析，并以这种方式，提供可用于决策和公共政策建议的信息，以提高该地区物流运营的效率。关于所采用的方法，首先，我们利用利马各区的营销信息确定了要分析的地区。接下来，作者按照最后一英里/公里-麻省理工学院的方法使用表格收集信息。最后，项目策划在15天内完成。研究发现，该地区的大多数商店都是出售各种产品的纳米商店，社区没有停车场或装卸区，大部分货物都是向批发商和超市运送的。此外，商业密度和交通拥堵之间的关系被确定，出租车是最广泛使用的货物分配手段。大多数街道没有标识，它们主要是单向的，没有公共交通的专用路线。由于没有关于具体门店位置的地理参考信息和供应商的统计数据，研究结果可能只是一个初步的范围。基于这些结果，鼓励作者在接下来的步骤中使用数据分析进行更多的研究。本文强调了供应商、业主和地方政府之间合作的重要性和挑战。该文件提供了制定新政策的机会，以及对个人工人、供应商和生态解决方案的激励计划。目前，据作者所知，没有不同的文献描述和分析利马市各区的物流概况，并作为实施解决方案和公共政策的基础。秘鲁利马市地区的后勤调查目标;一种方法分析了最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年、最后一千年。·关于方法的应用，首先，在利马各地区的商业资料方面，确定各地区的类似效用;(1)续用:信息利用与公式利用的续用:信息利用与公式利用的续用;最后，该项目将于2015年结束。(1)“市容市容”是指市容市容、市容市容、市容市容、市容市容、市容市容、市容市容、市容市容、市容市容、市容市容、市容市容、市容市容等。此外,存在una relacion之间拉拥有densidad y la拥堵de trafico siendo洛杉矶出租车洛杉矶中部de distribucion mas utilizados。La mayoria de las call no tienen senalizion, son de un solo sentido, no tienen运载排他性的公共交通。从政治、公共和基础设施、业务和后勤效率的角度来看，这些都是相关的。实际上，没有文献分析的多样性特征，没有对利马市的行政区划进行后勤保障，没有对政治和公共部门的解决方案进行基本执行。秘鲁利马市，秘鲁利马市，分布，次巨型群落，巨型群落，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布，城市分布数据分析、数据分布的实践、数据的最终形式、数据的贡献、数据的利用、数据的利用、数据的决策、数据的建议、数据的政治、数据的公共、数据的效率、数据的操作、数据的物流和区域。、有关方法的应用、初级、分销商和用户分析的识别和信息营销的分销商的利马;作为信息系统的信息系统，作为信息系统的信息系统，作为信息系统的信息系统，作为信息系统的信息系统，作为信息系统的信息系统。最后，我们计划在15天内完成项目。(2)常住式购物中心、大型购物中心、大型购物中心、大型购物中心、大型购物中心、大型购物中心、大型购物中心和大型超市。在交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵、交通拥堵等问题上，存在着诸多分歧。 大多数街道没有路标，是单向的，没有专门的公共交通车道。这些发现与公共政策的实施有关，以改善基础设施和物流运作的效率。目前，没有各种各样的文献来描述和分析利马市各地区的物流概况，并作为实施解决方案和公共政策的基础。关键词规划，城市规划，分布，子特大城市，特大城市，城市规划，资源，研究文章
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Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-04-2018-0828
N. Jain, Bharti Shauran
This paper aims to understand what it takes for an organization to transform itself into a great and healthy place to work. A comprehensive fivefold framework has been used to assess employees’ practices in the organization under study. This framework focuses on five aspects of a human being where he/she may like to satisfy his needs, i.e. physical, intellectual, social, emotional and spiritual. Organizations need to design various programs to address employees’ needs at these five dimensions to get their best and for making an organization a healthy and desired place to work at.,For collecting data for this study, a triangular approach peculiar to a survey research was adopted, i.e. the use of questionnaires, interviews and documented evidence. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Results from survey were supplemented with gaps identified through desk study. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to check the validity of the instrument.,A wider role of the human resources department is being envisaged by proposing to set up a separate “people management office”, which will be responsible for project people management and developing a “CONDUCIVE” culture. Further, innovative recommendations are proposed for making an organization a great place to work in.,This study has several important implications for the practitioners. First, this study developed a comprehensive five-fold framework, which focuses on five aspects or levels or dimensions of a human being, i.e. physical, intellectual, emotional, social and spiritual. A person would have needs corresponding to each of these levels. This framework can be used to study employees’ practices in the organizations on these five crucial dimensions. Organizations can design various programs to address employee needs around these five dimensions to get their best and for making an organization a healthy and desired place to work. Second, the “CONDUCIVE” model proposed in this study for developing conducive culture adds a novel insight to the growing body of literature in this area. This model can be used by human resources managers to have better employee engagement, which in turn will make their organization a healthy workplace.,This paper makes use of a comprehensive five-fold framework developed by the author to study employees’ practices in the organizations on five dimensions. It is proposed to develop a “CONDUCIVE” culture, a model developed by the author with a number of activities. This model will enhance the employee engagement in an organization, which eventually will make the organization a healthy place to work in. As suggested, organizations can set up a people management office as well to harness people power.,El presente articulo aspira a entender como una empresa puede convertirse en un gran lugar de trabajo. Se emplea un modelo de cinco factores para valorar las practicas de gestion de personas en la empresa estudiada. El modelo considera cinco factores que los individuos pueden consi
本文旨在了解一个组织如何将自己转变为一个伟大而健康的工作场所。一个全面的五重框架被用来评估所研究组织中的员工实践。这个框架关注的是人的五个方面，即身体、智力、社交、情感和精神方面的需求。组织需要设计各种方案来满足员工在这五个方面的需求，以使他们发挥最大的作用，并使组织成为一个健康和令人向往的工作场所。为了收集本研究的数据，采用了调查研究特有的三角方法，即使用问卷调查，访谈和文献证据。采用SPSS软件对数据进行分析。调查结果补充了通过课桌研究确定的差距。进行验证性因子分析以检验仪器的有效性。提议设立一个单独的“人员管理办公室”，负责项目人员管理和发展“有益的”文化，从而设想人力资源部门发挥更广泛的作用。此外，还提出了一些创新的建议，以使组织成为一个伟大的工作场所。本研究对实践者有几个重要的启示。首先，本研究开发了一个全面的五重框架，它侧重于人的五个方面或水平或维度，即身体，智力，情感，社会和精神。每个人都有对应于这些层次的需求。这个框架可以用来研究组织中员工在这五个关键维度上的实践。组织可以设计各种方案来满足员工在这五个方面的需求，使他们发挥最大的作用，使组织成为一个健康和理想的工作场所。其次，本研究提出的培育有益文化的“有益”模型为这一领域日益增多的文献提供了新的视角。人力资源经理可以使用这个模型来提高员工的敬业度，从而使他们的组织成为一个健康的工作场所。本文运用作者提出的综合五重框架，从五个维度对组织中的员工行为进行研究。作者通过一系列活动提出了一种“有益的”文化模式。这种模式将提高员工在组织中的敬业度，最终将使组织成为一个健康的工作场所。正如建议的那样，组织也可以设立一个人员管理办公室来利用人员的力量。，我提出了一种明确的愿望，即在一种特殊的情况下，在一种特殊的情况下，在一种特殊的情况下进行转换。他们的实践体现了社会因素的典范性，而实践体现了社会因素的人格性。该模型考虑的是社会因素，而不是个人因素;考虑的是满足社会需要的各种因素:财政、知识、情感、社会和精神。因此，有必要对不同的方案进行适当的评估，对不同的员工进行必要的评估，对不同的员工进行必要的评估，对主要的员工进行必要的评估，并对组织进行适当的评估。结合信息分析、调查、口头陈述和证据文件。数据采用SPSS软件进行分析。结果表明，数据分析的结果与数据分析的结果相辅相成。本研究利用数据分析、析因验证、对比分析等方法验证了仪器的有效性。(1)“人力资源与环境”的支持者将“人力资源与环境问题”的概念扩展为“人力资源与环境问题”的概念，并将“人力资源与环境问题”的概念扩展为“人力资源与环境问题”的概念。addemas se realizizones innovadoras para hachers de la empresa和gran lugar de trabajo。，El estudio tiene的重要含义是实践。首先，我们研究了一种新的社会因素模型，这种模型可以让我们考虑到一种满足我们需要的社会因素:财政、知识、情感、社会和精神。没有人会为他们提供必要的服务，也没有人会为他们提供必要的服务。estestmodelesede ede emuede ede ede ede estestmodelesede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede ede…这些组织通过一般的和主要的糖业发展，制定了不同的方案，并在不同的维度上进行了类似的研究。第二，提出“有效”的建议，并提出新的建议，以便在该地区开展有效的调查。El modelo puede emplese porte de los genentes de RRHH para conguir un mayor妥协，porte de los empresa de gran lugar de trabajo。本文提出了一种基于角色分析的模型，并将其应用于研究角色分析的实践中。 它的目的是发展一种“友好”的文化，这将产生更大的员工敬业度，从而使公司成为一个更好的工作场所。公司可以设立人员管理办公室来利用人的力量。关键词工作场所，人员管理，组织文化，研究文章，这篇文章是一个努力理解什么是必要的一个公司转变为一个健康和最佳的工作场所。采用五个因素的基准来评估被研究公司员工的实践。这个参考框架关注人类的五个方面，在这些方面他/她可以满足自己的需求;身体、智力、情感、社会和精神。公司需要设计各种方案来满足员工在这五个方面的需求，以便从这些方案中得到最好的，使公司成为一个健康和理想的工作场所。在数据收集方面，采用了三角方法，即问卷调查、访谈和记录证据。数据采用SPSS分析。研究结果由公司分析发现的差距加以补充。采用验证性因素分析来验证工具的有效性。人力资源部门正在计划一个更广泛的角色，建议创建一个独立的“人员管理办公室”(PMO)，负责项目人员管理(PPM)和“驱动”文化的发展。此外，还提出了创新的建议，使公司成为一个伟大的工作场所。这项研究有几个重要的实际意义。首先，本研究开发了一个包含五个因素的广泛参考框架，重点关注人类的五个方面或层次或维度，即身体、智力、情感、社会和精神。一个人会有与每一个层次相对应的需求。这个框架可以用来研究公司员工在这五个关键方面的实践。公司可以设计各种方案来满足员工在这五个方面的需求，以获得最佳表现，使公司成为一个健康和理想的工作场所。其次，本研究提出的导电文化发展的“导电”模型为该领域不断增长的文献增加了一个创新的视角。这种模式可以被人力资源经理用来提高员工的敬业度，从而使你的公司成为一个健康的工作场所。本文采用作者提出的五个因素的广泛参考框架，从五个维度研究公司员工的实践。它提出了一种“导电”文化，这是作者通过一系列活动开发的一种模式。这种领导文化的发展模式导致了员工的敬业度，使公司成为一个很好的工作场所。正如建议的那样，公司可以设置人员管理办公室(PMO)来利用人员的力量。关键词工作场所，人员管理，组织文化，研究文章
{"title":"Making of a healthy and great place to work by using people power","authors":"N. Jain, Bharti Shauran","doi":"10.1108/MRJIAM-04-2018-0828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-04-2018-0828","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to understand what it takes for an organization to transform itself into a great and healthy place to work. A comprehensive fivefold framework has been used to assess employees’ practices in the organization under study. This framework focuses on five aspects of a human being where he/she may like to satisfy his needs, i.e. physical, intellectual, social, emotional and spiritual. Organizations need to design various programs to address employees’ needs at these five dimensions to get their best and for making an organization a healthy and desired place to work at.,For collecting data for this study, a triangular approach peculiar to a survey research was adopted, i.e. the use of questionnaires, interviews and documented evidence. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Results from survey were supplemented with gaps identified through desk study. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to check the validity of the instrument.,A wider role of the human resources department is being envisaged by proposing to set up a separate “people management office”, which will be responsible for project people management and developing a “CONDUCIVE” culture. Further, innovative recommendations are proposed for making an organization a great place to work in.,This study has several important implications for the practitioners. First, this study developed a comprehensive five-fold framework, which focuses on five aspects or levels or dimensions of a human being, i.e. physical, intellectual, emotional, social and spiritual. A person would have needs corresponding to each of these levels. This framework can be used to study employees’ practices in the organizations on these five crucial dimensions. Organizations can design various programs to address employee needs around these five dimensions to get their best and for making an organization a healthy and desired place to work. Second, the “CONDUCIVE” model proposed in this study for developing conducive culture adds a novel insight to the growing body of literature in this area. This model can be used by human resources managers to have better employee engagement, which in turn will make their organization a healthy workplace.,This paper makes use of a comprehensive five-fold framework developed by the author to study employees’ practices in the organizations on five dimensions. It is proposed to develop a “CONDUCIVE” culture, a model developed by the author with a number of activities. This model will enhance the employee engagement in an organization, which eventually will make the organization a healthy place to work in. As suggested, organizations can set up a people management office as well to harness people power.,El presente articulo aspira a entender como una empresa puede convertirse en un gran lugar de trabajo. Se emplea un modelo de cinco factores para valorar las practicas de gestion de personas en la empresa estudiada. El modelo considera cinco factores que los individuos pueden consi","PeriodicalId":45321,"journal":{"name":"Management Research-The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76894632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-20DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-09-2018-0862
J. L. Rivas, Mercedes Adamuz
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differential effects that institutions have on country IPO activity. Design/methodology/approach With a sample of 64 countries over a 15-year period (2000-2014), the authors test the variables rule of law, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity on subsamples of developed (27) and emerging (37) countries to explore their influence on domestic IPO activity level. Findings For developed countries, only uncertainty avoidance and masculinity are significant. Within emerging countries, it is uncertainty avoidance and rule of law that are significant. Research limitations/implications Using different country classification frameworks could yield more detailed and focused results on the influence that country-level variables have on IPO activity. Practical implications Multinational firms could use these findings for decisions related to their potential subsidiary IPOs. Originality/value This is a novel empirical work relating institutions to IPO activity, using emerging and developed country subsamples. It also focuses on IPO activity instead of IPO underpricing/performance and contributes to extend the scope of the IPO literature to global non-Anglo contexts.
{"title":"Institutions and IPO activity: a multi-country study","authors":"J. L. Rivas, Mercedes Adamuz","doi":"10.1108/MRJIAM-09-2018-0862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-09-2018-0862","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differential effects that institutions have on country IPO activity.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000With a sample of 64 countries over a 15-year period (2000-2014), the authors test the variables rule of law, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity on subsamples of developed (27) and emerging (37) countries to explore their influence on domestic IPO activity level.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000For developed countries, only uncertainty avoidance and masculinity are significant. Within emerging countries, it is uncertainty avoidance and rule of law that are significant.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Using different country classification frameworks could yield more detailed and focused results on the influence that country-level variables have on IPO activity.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Multinational firms could use these findings for decisions related to their potential subsidiary IPOs.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This is a novel empirical work relating institutions to IPO activity, using emerging and developed country subsamples. It also focuses on IPO activity instead of IPO underpricing/performance and contributes to extend the scope of the IPO literature to global non-Anglo contexts.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45321,"journal":{"name":"Management Research-The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77213565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-02-2018-0814
Leonardo Ortegón-Cortázar
Purpose The mall industry in Latin America has grown rapidly in the past decade, offering diverse proposals oriented to improving the attractiveness of this commerce format; along this line, despite the fact that several studies have analyzed variables from an ecological perspective based on the relationship of the physical space with the consumers (from a marketing context), there is shortage in research regarding alternative attractiveness factors inspired by nature, although its connection with people’s behavior has been confirmed. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: Is the perception of environments with natural resources displayed in malls an alternative attractiveness factor for visitors? Thus, does it benefit its own competitive management against other attractiveness variables that focus on offering variety, accessibility, physical design and entertainment? Design/methodology/approach The quantitative method is an exploratory factor analysis that is followed by a confirmatory analysis and resulting in a measurement model based on 470 effective questionnaires. The exploratory and confirmatory nature focused on multidimensional verification of the measurement model (including the validation of the eco-natural environment) justified this choice in consistence with prior research that has used goodness of fit criteria. Findings The paper not only suggests the existence of a perception factor in the eco-natural environment, but it also determines its comparative importance over other traditional attractiveness factors reported in scientific literature. Particularly because commercial attractiveness is a consequence of how marketing variables are managed by malls and of how consumers respond to said variables, benefiting the visit’s experience. Practical implications The paper contributes to malls’ competitive management by suggesting and proving the importance of the eco-natural environment as a commercial attractiveness factor; thus, the results encourage this format’s developers to take into account new ways of persuasion considering its progressive and competitive rise in the past years in Latin America. Originality/value There is shortage of research on alternative attractiveness factors for malls; therefore, contrasting the eco-natural environment in a measurement model of commercial attractiveness allows contributing strategic information to the industry, which in turn constitutes an innovative resource to lure and motivate visitors. On the other hand, the paper contributes the state of knowledge of environmental variables over consumers’ assessments.
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Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-05-2018-0836
L. Gómez‐Mejía, J. Baixauli-Soler, María Belda‐Ruiz, G. Sánchez‐Marín
The purpose of this paper is to provide an extension of the behavioral agency model (BAM) by focusing on the moderating role of CEO gender on the relationship between CEO stock options and risk “systematic vs idiosyncratic” and the performance consequences “positive vs negative” of these option incentives.,Data on CEO’s stock option portfolios are collected from the Standard & Poor’s (S&P’s) ExecuComp. This paper uses a panel data analysis for matched samples of CEOs in S&P’s 1,500 listed firms over the period 2006-2013.,The results indicate a more conservative, risk-averse posture in the case of female CEOs than for male CEOs when they are compensated with stock options for idiosyncratic (firm-specific) risk. The results also confirm that female CEOs in low systematic risk contexts, although more conservative, take more prudent risks that produce better long-term outcomes as compared to their male counterparts.,Important implications for the design of optimal CEO’s compensation packages emanate from this study. Findings provide useful tools for board of directors to design CEO’s pay packages that take into account the different risk behavior of male and female CEOs with the aim of enhancing firm performance.,This paper provides new evidence within the area of stock option-based compensation by focusing on the distinction between systematic and idiosyncratic risk when the effect of CEO stock option is analyzed and performance implications of awarding options to male and female CEOs.,El objetivo de este trabajo es proporcionar una extension del modelo comportamental de agencia o Behavioral Agency Model (BAM) centrada en el papel moderador del genero del CEO en la relacion entre la retribucion basada en opciones o stock options y los niveles de riesgo –sistematico e idiosincratico– y en las consecuencias –positivas o negativas– sobre el resultado de la empresa.,Los datos sobre stock options de CEOs se recopilan de la base de datos Standard and Poor’s ExecuComp. Este estudio utiliza un analisis de datos de panel para muestras emparejadas de empresas incluidas en S&P 1500 durante el periodo 2006-2013.,Los resultados indican una postura mas conservadora de las mujeres CEO en terminos de niveles de riesgo idiosincratico en comparacion con la llevada a cabo por los CEOs hombres cuando se les retribuye con stock options. Los resultados tambien confirman que las mujeres CEO en contextos de riesgo sistematico bajo, aunque mas conservadoras, asumen riesgos “de mayor calidad” que producen mejores resultados a largo plazo en comparacion con sus homologos masculinos.,Importantes implicaciones para el diseno de paquetes de retribucion optimos para el CEO emanan de este estudio. Los resultados mostrados proporcionan herramientas utiles para el Consejo de Administracion a la hora de disenar paquetes de retribucion para CEOs. Se deben tener en cuenta los diferentes comportamientos relacionados con la asuncion de riesgos de CEOs hombres y mujeres con el objetivo de
本文旨在通过研究CEO性别对CEO股票期权与风险的“系统性vs特殊性”关系以及期权激励的“积极vs消极”绩效后果的调节作用，对行为代理模型(BAM)进行扩展。首席执行官的股票期权投资组合数据来自标准普尔(Standard & Poor 's)的ExecuComp。本文对标准普尔1500家上市公司2006-2013年间的ceo匹配样本进行了面板数据分析。研究结果表明，当女性ceo获得针对特定(公司特定)风险的股票期权补偿时，她们比男性ceo表现出更保守、更厌恶风险的姿态。研究结果还证实，与男性ceo相比，低系统性风险背景下的女性ceo虽然更保守，但会采取更谨慎的风险，从而产生更好的长期结果。本研究对优化CEO薪酬方案的设计具有重要意义。研究结果为董事会设计考虑到男性和女性CEO不同风险行为的CEO薪酬方案提供了有用的工具，以提高公司绩效。本文通过分析CEO股票期权效应时系统性风险与特质风险的区别，以及对男女CEO授予期权的绩效影响，为股票期权薪酬领域提供了新的证据。(2)、行为代理模型(BAM)中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、行为代理模型中心、股票期权选择、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型、行为代理模型。根据标准普尔(Standard and Poor 's)的数据，该公司首席执行官的股票期权价格将低于基准。Este estustudio utilitas un analysis de datos de panel para muestras emparejadas de empresas包括2006-2013年期间的标准普尔1500。(1)结果表明，在股票期权方面，首席执行官的业绩表现优于其他公司的业绩，而在股票期权方面，首席执行官的业绩表现优于其他公司的业绩。Los resulttados tambien confirman que las mujeres CEO en contextos de riesgo sistematico bajo, aunque mas conservadoras, asumumriesgos“de mayor calidad”que producmejores resulttaden在一个大的广场上与男性同质者进行比较。最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义是:最重要的含义。行政委员会的结果是，行政委员会的结果是行政委员会的结果，行政委员会的结果是行政委员会的结果。在不同的情况下，我们的关系是不同的，我们的关系是不同的，我们的关系是不同的，我们的关系是不同的，我们的关系是不同的，我们的关系是不同的，我们的关系是不同的。调查比例、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据、新证据。(1)、Palabras clave Modelo comportental de agent、Opciones sobre acciones、Genero、Riesgo sistematico、Riesgo idiosinatico、Resultado、Articulo de investigatio、O jetitivo de artigo、前一段时间的扩展、数据透视、Riesgo Modelo de agentacional (BAM) focada、数据透视、结果透视、数据透视、结果透视、数据透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视、结果透视等。我很高兴见到你。在美国，标准普尔(Standard and Poor 's)的首席执行官(CEO)和标准普尔(Standard and Poor 's ExecuComp)的首席执行官(CEO)都持有严肃的投资组合。从2006年至2013年期间，我们对标准普尔1500指数的数据进行了分析。(3)结果表明，没有caso de ceo的性别是女性化的，没有caso de ceo的性别是男性化的，没有caso de ceo的性别是男性化的，没有caso de ceo的性别是男性化的，没有caso de ceo的性别是女性化的，没有caso de ceo的性别是男性化的，没有caso de ceo的性别是男性化的，没有caso de ceo的性别是男性化的，没有caso de ceo的性别是男性化的。结果证实了这一点，就像首席执行官们在性别上对女性的看法一样，在性别上对男性的看法一样，在性别上对男性的看法一样，在性别上对男性的看法一样，在性别上对男性的看法一样，在性别上对男性的看法一样，在性别上对女性的看法一样，在性别上对男性的看法一样。影响项目的重要因素，以确定首席执行官的想法是否符合薪酬标准。研究结果显示，女性高管的薪酬水平与女性高管的薪酬水平、女性高管与男性高管的薪酬水平、女性高管与男性高管的薪酬水平、女性高管与男性高管的薪酬水平、女性高管与男性高管的薪酬水平、女性高管与女性高管的薪酬水平、女性高管与女性高管的薪酬水平、女性高管与女性高管的薪酬水平之间存在差异。
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Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-11-2018-0876
C. Sousa, Luciana Soares e Silva
Purpose This study aims to propose a framework based on the main theoretical and empirical contributions present in the literature and articulate the main paths for future studies in knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (KIE). Design/methodology/approach Using the systematic review method from a survey of 85 articles, related to the KIE focal issue, originated from the Web of Science, it was possible to exhaustively analyze the studies and to divide the theme into key categories. Findings The present research has raised the relationship of five categories to KIE conceptualizations; the data suggest that although the literature indicates a distancing from KIE research, there are multidisciplinary themes and approaches interlinked in the studies. Originality/value The systematic approach in the main theoretical and empirical contributions in KIE enabled us to relate five categories (entrepreneurs, innovation, internationalization, location and triple alliance), and finally, to understand the gaps suggested by the researchers.
本研究旨在基于现有文献的主要理论和实证贡献提出一个框架，并阐明未来知识密集型创业(KIE)研究的主要路径。设计/方法/方法采用系统综述方法，对来自Web of Science的85篇与KIE焦点问题相关的文章进行了调查，可以对研究进行详尽的分析，并将主题划分为关键类别。结果:本研究提出了五个类别与KIE概念化的关系;数据表明，尽管文献表明与KIE研究有一定距离，但研究中存在多学科主题和方法的相互联系。运用系统的方法梳理了创新与价值研究的主要理论和实证贡献，将企业家、创新、国际化、区位和三方联盟这五个类别联系起来，并最终理解了研究者提出的差距。
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Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-03-2018-0823
Arturo Briseño, A. R. Leal, Eduardo Aguiñaga, Alfonso López-Lira
Purpose In this paper, empirical evidence is presented regarding the translation of the learning tactics inventory (LTI) instrument that measures learning versatility in entrepreneurs with four main learning strategies: acting, thinking, feeling or access to others. The purpose of this paper is to show how translating instruments from other languages and for cross-cultural studies is not sufficient to achieve instrument validity, and the use of structural equation modeling can help to strengthen the process. Design/methodology/approach After using iterative and multi-technique strategies that involved close translation and adaptation, structural equation modeling was also performed to validate whether relationships exist among the constructs and their variables using a confirmatory analysis. Findings After careful translation, the Spanish version of the LTI instrument does not measure the intended constructs. Such evidence was uncovered by contrasting the different dimensions of the English and Spanish translated versions. Research limitations/implications Instruments in cross-cultural studies require more than translation strategies to adapt the instrument to the new context. This paper shows that, with the use of structural equation modeling, constructs may change in different international contexts and how misinterpretations of the instrument can occur if additional validity tests are ignored. Originality/value Consistent with the extant literature, the findings suggest that, when studying a complex phenomenon such as learning through a survey developed in a different country and language, cultural factors should be explained to maintain construct validity. Hence, in entrepreneurship and management research, instruments such as the LTI need to be validated with confirmatory analysis to accurately reflect the different learning strategies of entrepreneurs across cultures.
{"title":"Lost in translation","authors":"Arturo Briseño, A. R. Leal, Eduardo Aguiñaga, Alfonso López-Lira","doi":"10.1108/MRJIAM-03-2018-0823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-03-2018-0823","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000In this paper, empirical evidence is presented regarding the translation of the learning tactics inventory (LTI) instrument that measures learning versatility in entrepreneurs with four main learning strategies: acting, thinking, feeling or access to others. The purpose of this paper is to show how translating instruments from other languages and for cross-cultural studies is not sufficient to achieve instrument validity, and the use of structural equation modeling can help to strengthen the process.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000After using iterative and multi-technique strategies that involved close translation and adaptation, structural equation modeling was also performed to validate whether relationships exist among the constructs and their variables using a confirmatory analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000After careful translation, the Spanish version of the LTI instrument does not measure the intended constructs. Such evidence was uncovered by contrasting the different dimensions of the English and Spanish translated versions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Instruments in cross-cultural studies require more than translation strategies to adapt the instrument to the new context. This paper shows that, with the use of structural equation modeling, constructs may change in different international contexts and how misinterpretations of the instrument can occur if additional validity tests are ignored.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Consistent with the extant literature, the findings suggest that, when studying a complex phenomenon such as learning through a survey developed in a different country and language, cultural factors should be explained to maintain construct validity. Hence, in entrepreneurship and management research, instruments such as the LTI need to be validated with confirmatory analysis to accurately reflect the different learning strategies of entrepreneurs across cultures.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45321,"journal":{"name":"Management Research-The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88127939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-06-2017-0760
C. Corsi, A. Prencipe, Athos Capriotti
PurposeThe purpose of this research is to study the effect of organizational innovation, in terms of the introduction of both new business practices and new methods of organizing workplaces, on firm growth, along with the moderating role of the firm size in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachA panel sample of 4,125 Spanish innovative firms taken from the Technological Innovation Panel for the period 2009 to 2014 was analyzed. Two-Step System-Generalized method of moments approach and instrumental variables approach with two-stage least squares have been used.FindingsThe findings remark the positive effect of organizational innovation on firm growth in case firms introduce both new business practices and new methods of organizing workplaces. Furthermore, the empirical evidences show that the firm size has a role, although partial, in moderating negatively the effect of introducing both new business practices and new methods of organizing workplaces on firm growth.Originality/valueThe study adds some new theoretical insights and empirical evidences into the literature related to the inertia theory in the perspective of the population ecology, incorporating it with the effect of firm size. Furthermore, the study may represent a further part of the complex literature puzzle that links organizational innovation to firm growth, and the inclusion of the moderating role of the firm size will partially provide a deeper understanding of this link.
{"title":"Linking organizational innovation, firm growth and firm size","authors":"C. Corsi, A. Prencipe, Athos Capriotti","doi":"10.1108/MRJIAM-06-2017-0760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-06-2017-0760","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe purpose of this research is to study the effect of organizational innovation, in terms of the introduction of both new business practices and new methods of organizing workplaces, on firm growth, along with the moderating role of the firm size in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachA panel sample of 4,125 Spanish innovative firms taken from the Technological Innovation Panel for the period 2009 to 2014 was analyzed. Two-Step System-Generalized method of moments approach and instrumental variables approach with two-stage least squares have been used.FindingsThe findings remark the positive effect of organizational innovation on firm growth in case firms introduce both new business practices and new methods of organizing workplaces. Furthermore, the empirical evidences show that the firm size has a role, although partial, in moderating negatively the effect of introducing both new business practices and new methods of organizing workplaces on firm growth.Originality/valueThe study adds some new theoretical insights and empirical evidences into the literature related to the inertia theory in the perspective of the population ecology, incorporating it with the effect of firm size. Furthermore, the study may represent a further part of the complex literature puzzle that links organizational innovation to firm growth, and the inclusion of the moderating role of the firm size will partially provide a deeper understanding of this link.","PeriodicalId":45321,"journal":{"name":"Management Research-The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80824568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-07-2018-0844
María Isabel Arias, F. Serra, Luiz Guerrazzi, M. Ferreira
This paper aims to conduct a bibliometric study on e-government research, with special concern over finding bases on which electronic government studies are constructed.,This paper is a bibliometric study using citation, co-citation and bibliometric coupling analysis, applied to 161 selected articles published in 37 top journals in public administration.,The paper presents existing knowledge on e-government research and provides a categorization in terms of research subfields. The 40 top-cited works were classified into three subfields of intellectual influence: models and evolution; implementation factors; and adoption constraints. In total, 63 works were classified into three subfields of mainstream research: adoption (contextual and technological factors); evolution status and implementation; and social capital. The paper presents gaps in research streams.,Because of the chosen research approach, this study has limitations that are inherent to bibliometric studies, such as the selection of journals and keywords. This work helps e-government students and researchers to understand the mainstream research of the field, presents the references on each stream and, in addition, provides information to public policy makers. Findings from this study can contribute to theory building in e-government research.,This study may provide support to government institutions to assess the allocation of public resources for research.,The paper fulfils an identified need to examine the intellectual foundations and mainstream research in the field of e-government, unlike other reviews. The paper makes a methodological contribution by integrating co-citation and bibliographic coupling in mapping knowledge.,Realizar uma bibliometria sobre pesquisa em e-government, com especial preocupacao em encontrar as bases sobre as quais estudos sao construidos.,Bibliometria utilizando analise de citacao, cocitacao e pareamento bibliografico, aplicado a 161 artigos selecionados publicados em 37 periodicos de ponta em administracao publica.,Apresentar o conhecimento existente sobre pesquisa em e-government e fornecer uma categorizacao de subcampos de pesquisa academica. Os 40 trabalhos mais citados foram classificados em tres subcampos: Modelos e Evolucao, Fatores de Implementacao e Restricoes de Adocao. 63 trabalhos foram classificados em tres subcampos: Adocao (Fatores Contextuais e Tecnologicos), Status de Evolucao e Implementacao, e Capital Social.,Devido a abordagem de pesquisa escolhida, este estudo apresenta limitacoes inerentes aos estudos bibliometricos, como a selecao de periodicos e palavras-chave. Este trabalho auxilia estudantes e pesquisadores do e-government a entender as principais vertentes de pesquisas da area, apresenta as principais referencias e, alem disso, fornece subsidios aos formadores de politicas publicas. Os resultados deste estudo podem contribuir para a formacao da teoria na pesquisa em e-government.,Este estudo pode fornecer suporte a instituicoes
本文旨在对电子政务研究进行文献计量学研究，特别关注寻找构建电子政务研究的依据。本文采用文献计量学方法，采用引文、共被引和文献计量学耦合分析方法，对发表在37种公共管理领域顶级期刊上的161篇论文进行了分析。本文介绍了电子政务研究的现有知识，并对研究的子领域进行了分类。被引用最多的40篇论文被划分为智力影响的三个子领域:模型与进化;实施的因素;以及采用限制。总共有63件作品被划分为三个主流研究的子领域:采用(语境和技术因素);发展现状及实施情况;还有社会资本。这篇论文提出了研究领域的空白。由于所选择的研究方法，本研究存在文献计量学研究固有的局限性，例如期刊和关键词的选择。这项工作有助于电子政务学生和研究人员了解该领域的主流研究，提供各流的参考资料，并为公共政策制定者提供信息。本文的研究成果对电子政务研究的理论建构具有一定的指导意义。本研究可为政府机构评估公共研究资源的分配提供支持。与其他综述不同，本文满足了考察电子政务领域的知识基础和主流研究的明确需求。本文将共引和书目耦合整合到制图知识中，在方法论上做出了贡献。实现电子政务中的文献计量学，特别是以文献计量学为基础的文献计量学，以文献计量学为基础的文献计量学。1、文献计量学分析、文献计量学分析、文献计量学分析、文献计量学分析、文献计量学分析、文献计量学分析、文献计量学分析、文献计量学分析、文献计量学应用等。笔者认为，电子政务中存在着一种全新的电子政务管理模式，并对电子政务的分类进行了探讨。63个分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器有分类器、《文献计量学研究》、《文献计量学研究》、《文献计量学研究》、《文献计量学期刊选择》等。Este trabalho auxilia students e pesquisadores do e-government a entender as principais vertentes de pesquisas da area，表示为principais referreferes, alem disso, fornece subsidios和formadres de political as publicas。本文的研究结果为电子政务的发展提供了理论依据。例如，Este estudo podo以前支持一个机构的政府部门和地方政府部门。在电子政务领域，没有文件可以填补空白，也没有审查基础知识分子的优势。本文从文献资料的角度分析了本文的研究方法。Palavras-chave——电子政务、Administracao publica Estudo bibliometrico,注意de cocitacao Pareamento bibliografico,危象de investigacion Realizar una bibliometria尤其investigacion德尔电子政务,反对特别preocupacion encontrar las运动基地,拉斯维加斯什么se construyen洛杉矶工厂化德尔电子政务。，《文献计量学与文献计量学》，《文献计量学与文献计量学分析》，《文献计量学与文献计量学分析》，《文献计量学与文献计量学分析》，《文献计量学与文献计量学》，《文献计量学与文献计量学》，《文献计量学与文献计量学》，《文献计量学与文献计量学》，《文献计量学与文献计量学》，《文献计量学与文献计量学》，《文献计量学与文献计量学》，通过对我国电子政务发展现状的调查，对我国电子政务发展现状进行了分类分析。本文共研究了40个问题，其中包括:基于进化的模型分类、基于采用限制的因素分类、基于采用约束的因素分类、基于采用约束的因素分类、基于资本社会的因素分类和基于采用约束的因素分类。El articulo present lagunas en las corrientes de investigation。，Debido al enfoque de investigation elegido, este estudio tiene limitaciones inheres a los trabajos bibliometricos, tales como la choice de revistas y palabras clave。本研究以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象，以电子政务为研究对象。Los hallazgos de este estudio被认为是电子政务领域建设和研究的贡献者。，Este studio puede brindar apoyo, as机构，政府，la hora de evaluation，委托，de recurso publicos para调查。 ，该文件满足了在电子政府领域检查知识基础和一般研究的确定需要。本文提出了一种方法上的贡献，将共引和文献配对结合起来。关键词——电子政府;出版管理，文献计量学研究，共引分析，文献配对。，文献综述
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Pub Date : 2018-10-16DOI: 10.1108/MRJIAM-03-2018-0825
K. D. Stobbeleir, Lien Desmet
Purpose In this commentary, the authors follow DeNisi and Sockbeson’s suggestions to reintegrate the organizational feedback and feedback-seeking literatures. They build on and extend their theorizing by suggesting a framework of simultaneous dual judgment processing in both feedback-seeking and organizational feedback interventions.. Design/methodology/approach In the model, evaluation salience plays a role in how performance information is stored (i.e. as online judgments or loose memories), and rater motivation will determine to what extent the rater will deliberately use the stored information to give feedback. Findings The authors clarify some of the implications of the model for the accuracy of the feedback given, as well as how the cognitive methods that are used can be one of the explaining mechanisms in the link between feedback and performance. Originality/value This dual judgment processing approach accounts for the true complexity of the process of organizational feedback that has been largely ignored in past research.
{"title":"Dual judgment processing in feedback: opening Pandora’s box","authors":"K. D. Stobbeleir, Lien Desmet","doi":"10.1108/MRJIAM-03-2018-0825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-03-2018-0825","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000In this commentary, the authors follow DeNisi and Sockbeson’s suggestions to reintegrate the organizational feedback and feedback-seeking literatures. They build on and extend their theorizing by suggesting a framework of simultaneous dual judgment processing in both feedback-seeking and organizational feedback interventions..\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In the model, evaluation salience plays a role in how performance information is stored (i.e. as online judgments or loose memories), and rater motivation will determine to what extent the rater will deliberately use the stored information to give feedback.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The authors clarify some of the implications of the model for the accuracy of the feedback given, as well as how the cognitive methods that are used can be one of the explaining mechanisms in the link between feedback and performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This dual judgment processing approach accounts for the true complexity of the process of organizational feedback that has been largely ignored in past research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45321,"journal":{"name":"Management Research-The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75656239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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