Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2070233
Shatha Mubaideen, Pascal Flohr, J. Smithies, F. Bala'awi, Carol Palmer, Sahar Idwan, Alessandra Esposito
MaDiH (Mapping Digital Cultural Heritage in Jordan) was a two-year UK-Jordanian project that aimed to identify essential systems, datasets and standards to contribute to the long-term sustainable development of Jordan’s digital cultural heritage. The project launched an online catalogue and prototype repository using the Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network (CKAN) platform to present the collected data that was produced by the local and international research community on Jordan’s cultural heritage. This paper assesses the usability of the MaDiH CKAN catalogue using qualitative and quantitative methods. A thorough analysis of the project’s user engagement activities and online presence was undertaken to identify current and potential future uses of the CKAN catalogue by its research community. The preliminary analysis indicated that the largest user group were mid-senior to senior academics/professionals from the cultural heritage sector. Therefore, representatives of this group were selected for further usability analysis through semi-structured online interviews, in order to validate the research outcomes and get deeper insights into the research domain. The findings offer significant insights for similar digital cultural heritage initiatives in Jordan, as well as recommendations for the future development of the MaDiH CKAN catalogue as a National Heritage Portal repository.
{"title":"Assessing the MaDiH CKAN catalogue as an engagement tool for the Jordanian cultural heritage community","authors":"Shatha Mubaideen, Pascal Flohr, J. Smithies, F. Bala'awi, Carol Palmer, Sahar Idwan, Alessandra Esposito","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2070233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2070233","url":null,"abstract":"MaDiH (Mapping Digital Cultural Heritage in Jordan) was a two-year UK-Jordanian project that aimed to identify essential systems, datasets and standards to contribute to the long-term sustainable development of Jordan’s digital cultural heritage. The project launched an online catalogue and prototype repository using the Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network (CKAN) platform to present the collected data that was produced by the local and international research community on Jordan’s cultural heritage. This paper assesses the usability of the MaDiH CKAN catalogue using qualitative and quantitative methods. A thorough analysis of the project’s user engagement activities and online presence was undertaken to identify current and potential future uses of the CKAN catalogue by its research community. The preliminary analysis indicated that the largest user group were mid-senior to senior academics/professionals from the cultural heritage sector. Therefore, representatives of this group were selected for further usability analysis through semi-structured online interviews, in order to validate the research outcomes and get deeper insights into the research domain. The findings offer significant insights for similar digital cultural heritage initiatives in Jordan, as well as recommendations for the future development of the MaDiH CKAN catalogue as a National Heritage Portal repository.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"54 1","pages":"277 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45118893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2104525
G. Shalvi, A. Gilboa
The 7th century in the southern Levant is characterized by Assyrian rule and subsequent Egyptian domination. Despite the relatively violent nature of this century, and abundant historical documentation, occupations both in the southern Levant and Lebanon are dated with low resolution. This deficiency was mainly created by a lack of destruction layers within this century, resulting in a dearth of chronological anchors for ceramic developments. At Tel Shiqmona, a unique purple-production centre that had been frequently destroyed, an unparalleled sequence of five layers of late Iron Age destructions/abandonments has been preserved, spanning a little over 100 years. These enable the definition of detailed typological developments of Phoenician transport jars. Being a widely distributed commercial vessel, exhibiting frequent typological changes and originating from a limited number of workshops, these jars constitute the best chronological index yet for the late Iron Age Levant. This paper presents the Tel Shiqmona sequence, outlines the typological development of the jars and explains their chronological designations. The benefits of defining archaeological sub-divisions within the 7th century BCE are highlighted by two examples: the chronology of Tyre; and settlement/geopolitical dynamics in the Assyrian province of Megiddo. It is argued that this chronological tool can be applied broadly around the Mediterranean.
{"title":"The long 7th century BCE at Tel Shiqmona (Israel): a high resolution chronological tool for the Levant and the Mediterranean","authors":"G. Shalvi, A. Gilboa","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2104525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2104525","url":null,"abstract":"The 7th century in the southern Levant is characterized by Assyrian rule and subsequent Egyptian domination. Despite the relatively violent nature of this century, and abundant historical documentation, occupations both in the southern Levant and Lebanon are dated with low resolution. This deficiency was mainly created by a lack of destruction layers within this century, resulting in a dearth of chronological anchors for ceramic developments. At Tel Shiqmona, a unique purple-production centre that had been frequently destroyed, an unparalleled sequence of five layers of late Iron Age destructions/abandonments has been preserved, spanning a little over 100 years. These enable the definition of detailed typological developments of Phoenician transport jars. Being a widely distributed commercial vessel, exhibiting frequent typological changes and originating from a limited number of workshops, these jars constitute the best chronological index yet for the late Iron Age Levant. This paper presents the Tel Shiqmona sequence, outlines the typological development of the jars and explains their chronological designations. The benefits of defining archaeological sub-divisions within the 7th century BCE are highlighted by two examples: the chronology of Tyre; and settlement/geopolitical dynamics in the Assyrian province of Megiddo. It is argued that this chronological tool can be applied broadly around the Mediterranean.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"54 1","pages":"190 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42489121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2093029
Dennis J. Mizzi, J. Magness
Excavations at Ḥorvat Ḥuqoq (Yaquq) in Israel’s eastern Lower Galilee have brought to light a monumental public building that sheds new light on the history of the Jews in late medieval Palestine, about whom we know very little. We interpret this building as a late medieval synagogue — the first such synagogue to be unearthed in Israel — and argue that its construction was precipitated by the establishment of the Mamluk barīd, which passed by Yaquq, and by the tradition locating the tomb of Habakkuk at the site. In the late medieval period, Yaquq experienced a brief economic boom owing to the increasing number of travellers, including pilgrims, passing through the village. This wealth is reflected in the construction of this monumental synagogue and the discovery of a large gold and silver coin hoard to its south. In addition to serving the local community, the synagogue would have served the many pilgrims who visited Habakkuk’s tomb and nearby holy shrines.
{"title":"A late medieval synagogue at Ḥuqoq/Yaquq in Galilee?","authors":"Dennis J. Mizzi, J. Magness","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2093029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2093029","url":null,"abstract":"Excavations at Ḥorvat Ḥuqoq (Yaquq) in Israel’s eastern Lower Galilee have brought to light a monumental public building that sheds new light on the history of the Jews in late medieval Palestine, about whom we know very little. We interpret this building as a late medieval synagogue — the first such synagogue to be unearthed in Israel — and argue that its construction was precipitated by the establishment of the Mamluk barīd, which passed by Yaquq, and by the tradition locating the tomb of Habakkuk at the site. In the late medieval period, Yaquq experienced a brief economic boom owing to the increasing number of travellers, including pilgrims, passing through the village. This wealth is reflected in the construction of this monumental synagogue and the discovery of a large gold and silver coin hoard to its south. In addition to serving the local community, the synagogue would have served the many pilgrims who visited Habakkuk’s tomb and nearby holy shrines.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"54 1","pages":"257 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43695612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2091830
Rafael Laoutari
CHOVANEC, Z. and CRIST, W. (eds) (2021) All Things Cypriot. Studies on Ancient Environment, Technology, and Society in Honor of Stuart Swiny. American Society of Overseas Research Archaeological Reports 28, Cyprus American Archaeological Research Institute Monograph Series 6. Alexandria, VA: American Society of Overseas Research. ISBN: 978-0-89757-116-6. Pp. xx+ 272. 90 figs; 3 tables. Hardback £60.
{"title":"All Things Cypriot. Studies on Ancient Environment, Technology, and Society in Honor of Stuart Swiny","authors":"Rafael Laoutari","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2091830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2091830","url":null,"abstract":"CHOVANEC, Z. and CRIST, W. (eds) (2021) All Things Cypriot. Studies on Ancient Environment, Technology, and Society in Honor of Stuart Swiny. American Society of Overseas Research Archaeological Reports 28, Cyprus American Archaeological Research Institute Monograph Series 6. Alexandria, VA: American Society of Overseas Research. ISBN: 978-0-89757-116-6. Pp. xx+ 272. 90 figs; 3 tables. Hardback £60.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"54 1","pages":"285 - 286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42621991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2112866
M. Pucci
cal and production-oriented analysis of the textile tools from Episkopi-Bamboula, while Artzy (Chapter 11) offers a discussion on the ceramic wares of the Middle and Late Bronze Age, concerning especially the Cypriot Bichrome ware. Chovanec and Fourentzos (Chapter 12) provide a thorough review on the study of opium poppy in the Late Bronze Age Eastern Mediterranean and new insights for the Cypriot Iron Age, while London (Chapter 13) explores the benefits of an ethnoarchaeological approach in the investigation of diverse ceramic markings coupled with the technological and social world of pithos making. Turning to the theme of regional connectivity (Section V), Bergoffen (Chapter 14) uses a fragmentary White Painted Hand-made crater from Enkomi for reviewing issues of style, cross-cultural interactions, inter-media inspirations and symbolic appropriation during the early Late Cypriot. By taking a leap of about a millennium, Kushnet (Chapter 15) uses diverse statistical techniques on coinage and ceramics for revealing patterns of connectivity, trade, economy and politics among the 6th–4th century BC Cypriot city-kingdoms. Moving further forward in time, Leonard (Chapter 16) offers a stimulating article rooted in multiple data strands (surveys, written and ethnographic sources, geographical and topographical information) for locating the island’s roman harbours and elucidating their maritime trade activity. The meticulous description of the exchange networks of the 20th century Cypriot carob industry, presented here as an analogy for the diverse roman trade networks, provokes the rethinking of the role of the Cypriot landscape in connectivity, mobility and prosperity. The last two chapters (Section VI) discuss future directions for Cypriot Archaeology within the framework of past and present research. Swantek and Weir (Chapter 17) embrace Swiny’s project at SotiraKaminoudhia and reveal their research agenda for its future, with more excavations, science-based methodologies, coupledwith ethnographic work and landscape development formaking the area attractive to locals and tourists. Lastly, Knapp (Chapter 18) concludes the volume by reviewing the trends of Cypriot prehistory over the last 40 years.Despite his rather festive acknowledgement of people and projects impacting the discipline, he highlights that much of the current research, regardless of its advance science-based nature, is still relatively under-theorized and ‘firmly grounded in the data’ (p. 237); a pattern also reflected in this volume. Overall, despite the aforementioned diversity, the editors successfully group the articles in meaningful sections, thus, offering multiple pathways for approaching similar concepts. The multiplicity of topics, periods, methodologies and datasets make this volume an asset for anyone working on Cypriot archaeology. The articles on Swiny’s legacy (1–3) indirectly enrich the history of the discipline by revealing diverse aspects of CAARI’s past, while the nu
{"title":"Dan IV: The Iron Age I Settlement. The Avraham Biran Excavations (1966–1999)","authors":"M. Pucci","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2112866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2112866","url":null,"abstract":"cal and production-oriented analysis of the textile tools from Episkopi-Bamboula, while Artzy (Chapter 11) offers a discussion on the ceramic wares of the Middle and Late Bronze Age, concerning especially the Cypriot Bichrome ware. Chovanec and Fourentzos (Chapter 12) provide a thorough review on the study of opium poppy in the Late Bronze Age Eastern Mediterranean and new insights for the Cypriot Iron Age, while London (Chapter 13) explores the benefits of an ethnoarchaeological approach in the investigation of diverse ceramic markings coupled with the technological and social world of pithos making. Turning to the theme of regional connectivity (Section V), Bergoffen (Chapter 14) uses a fragmentary White Painted Hand-made crater from Enkomi for reviewing issues of style, cross-cultural interactions, inter-media inspirations and symbolic appropriation during the early Late Cypriot. By taking a leap of about a millennium, Kushnet (Chapter 15) uses diverse statistical techniques on coinage and ceramics for revealing patterns of connectivity, trade, economy and politics among the 6th–4th century BC Cypriot city-kingdoms. Moving further forward in time, Leonard (Chapter 16) offers a stimulating article rooted in multiple data strands (surveys, written and ethnographic sources, geographical and topographical information) for locating the island’s roman harbours and elucidating their maritime trade activity. The meticulous description of the exchange networks of the 20th century Cypriot carob industry, presented here as an analogy for the diverse roman trade networks, provokes the rethinking of the role of the Cypriot landscape in connectivity, mobility and prosperity. The last two chapters (Section VI) discuss future directions for Cypriot Archaeology within the framework of past and present research. Swantek and Weir (Chapter 17) embrace Swiny’s project at SotiraKaminoudhia and reveal their research agenda for its future, with more excavations, science-based methodologies, coupledwith ethnographic work and landscape development formaking the area attractive to locals and tourists. Lastly, Knapp (Chapter 18) concludes the volume by reviewing the trends of Cypriot prehistory over the last 40 years.Despite his rather festive acknowledgement of people and projects impacting the discipline, he highlights that much of the current research, regardless of its advance science-based nature, is still relatively under-theorized and ‘firmly grounded in the data’ (p. 237); a pattern also reflected in this volume. Overall, despite the aforementioned diversity, the editors successfully group the articles in meaningful sections, thus, offering multiple pathways for approaching similar concepts. The multiplicity of topics, periods, methodologies and datasets make this volume an asset for anyone working on Cypriot archaeology. The articles on Swiny’s legacy (1–3) indirectly enrich the history of the discipline by revealing diverse aspects of CAARI’s past, while the nu","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"54 1","pages":"286 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46325064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2061814
G. Wightman
Though the fortifications and waterworks of Jerusalem’s south-east hill (aka City of David) in the Bronze and Iron Ages have received a great deal of attention over the years, debate continues concerning the nature and evolution of the fortifications and how these functioned in tandem with the complex elements of the Gihon water systems. The present paper evaluates some key issues in this regard, including the date and function of the mid-slope walls, the relationship between the mid-slope walls and the Gihon fortifications, the fate of the Middle Bronze Age (MBA) fortifications in the Late Bronze Age (LBA), the date and function of the large rock-cut basin and Cave N (aka ‘Round Chamber’), the question of a possible lower-slope city wall of the MBA, and the date and nature of the Warren’s Shaft System. In distinction to some recent reassessments, the paper affirms that Jerusalem was an important and strongly fortified centre during MB II and throughout the Iron Age (IA).
{"title":"The disappearing walls of Jerusalem? Observations on the Bronze and Iron Age fortifications and waterworks on the east slope of the City of David","authors":"G. Wightman","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2061814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2061814","url":null,"abstract":"Though the fortifications and waterworks of Jerusalem’s south-east hill (aka City of David) in the Bronze and Iron Ages have received a great deal of attention over the years, debate continues concerning the nature and evolution of the fortifications and how these functioned in tandem with the complex elements of the Gihon water systems. The present paper evaluates some key issues in this regard, including the date and function of the mid-slope walls, the relationship between the mid-slope walls and the Gihon fortifications, the fate of the Middle Bronze Age (MBA) fortifications in the Late Bronze Age (LBA), the date and function of the large rock-cut basin and Cave N (aka ‘Round Chamber’), the question of a possible lower-slope city wall of the MBA, and the date and nature of the Warren’s Shaft System. In distinction to some recent reassessments, the paper affirms that Jerusalem was an important and strongly fortified centre during MB II and throughout the Iron Age (IA).","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"54 1","pages":"230 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44880023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2073689
Susan L. Cohen
The transition between the Early Bronze Age IV and the Middle Bronze Age in the southern Levant remains poorly understood, stemming in part from traditional approaches to the problems that frame it in terms of exogenous cultural origins and disjuncture versus indigenous growth and continuity of development. However, the growing range of diversity of data relating to both eras increasingly mitigates against such monocausal interpretations. Instead, assessment and analysis of different strands of evidence such as settlement patterns, subsistence practices and mortuary traditions, together with accompanying physical material culture, indicate that the transition between eras in the southern Levant was a complex and variable process that included considerable inter-regional variation, and incorporated both external influence and internal developments.
{"title":"The Early Bronze IV — Middle Bronze I transition in the southern Levant: analysis and assessment","authors":"Susan L. Cohen","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2073689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2073689","url":null,"abstract":"The transition between the Early Bronze Age IV and the Middle Bronze Age in the southern Levant remains poorly understood, stemming in part from traditional approaches to the problems that frame it in terms of exogenous cultural origins and disjuncture versus indigenous growth and continuity of development. However, the growing range of diversity of data relating to both eras increasingly mitigates against such monocausal interpretations. Instead, assessment and analysis of different strands of evidence such as settlement patterns, subsistence practices and mortuary traditions, together with accompanying physical material culture, indicate that the transition between eras in the southern Levant was a complex and variable process that included considerable inter-regional variation, and incorporated both external influence and internal developments.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"54 1","pages":"217 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45535191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2040867
Denys Pringle
Published in Levant: The Journal of the Council for British Research in the Levant (Vol. 54, No. 1, 2022)
发表于《黎凡特:英国黎凡特研究理事会杂志》(第54卷，第1期，2022年)
{"title":"Michael Hamilton Burgoyne 1944–2021","authors":"Denys Pringle","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2040867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2040867","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Levant: The Journal of the Council for British Research in the Levant (Vol. 54, No. 1, 2022)","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138520713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00758914.2022.2055287
J. Ramsay, M. Perry
Ancient literary sources from the Hellenistic and Roman world describe the wide-spread practices of funerary feasting and supplying offerings for the deceased. However, the funerary customs of the Nabataeans are still not clearly understood within this broader cultural sphere. Evidence for feasting in Nabataean mortuary contexts largely relies on ceramic and faunal remains but rarely are plant remains included in these analyses. This paper presents archaeobotanical evidence from Nabatean-period tomb deposits from Petra, Jordan, to highlight the role plants played in this type of ritual context. Analysis of samples taken from eight rock-cut shaft tombs, excavated over three seasons (2012, 2014 and 2016), on the North Ridge of Petra, indicates the presence of a variety foodstuffs such as Triticum sp. (wheats), Hordeum vulgare (barley), Lens culinaris (lentil), Vitis vinifera (grape), Ficus carica (fig), Olea europaea (olive) and Phoenix dactylifera (date). These finds provide intriguing evidence of plants consumed or used as offerings during funerary ritual events. This study, in association with the analysis of bioarchaeological remains and ceramics expands our knowledge of Nabataean funerary practices and contributes to a broader understanding of the role of plants in ritual funerary events in the ancient world.
{"title":"Funerary dining or offerings for the dead? An archaeobotanical analysis of remains from shaft tombs in Petra, Jordan","authors":"J. Ramsay, M. Perry","doi":"10.1080/00758914.2022.2055287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00758914.2022.2055287","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient literary sources from the Hellenistic and Roman world describe the wide-spread practices of funerary feasting and supplying offerings for the deceased. However, the funerary customs of the Nabataeans are still not clearly understood within this broader cultural sphere. Evidence for feasting in Nabataean mortuary contexts largely relies on ceramic and faunal remains but rarely are plant remains included in these analyses. This paper presents archaeobotanical evidence from Nabatean-period tomb deposits from Petra, Jordan, to highlight the role plants played in this type of ritual context. Analysis of samples taken from eight rock-cut shaft tombs, excavated over three seasons (2012, 2014 and 2016), on the North Ridge of Petra, indicates the presence of a variety foodstuffs such as Triticum sp. (wheats), Hordeum vulgare (barley), Lens culinaris (lentil), Vitis vinifera (grape), Ficus carica (fig), Olea europaea (olive) and Phoenix dactylifera (date). These finds provide intriguing evidence of plants consumed or used as offerings during funerary ritual events. This study, in association with the analysis of bioarchaeological remains and ceramics expands our knowledge of Nabataean funerary practices and contributes to a broader understanding of the role of plants in ritual funerary events in the ancient world.","PeriodicalId":45348,"journal":{"name":"Levant","volume":"54 1","pages":"50 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43552450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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