Pub Date : 2021-10-07DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1958181
F. Höllinger, Lorenz Makula
Abstract Compared to other cross-national surveys, the religion-modules of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) include a larger number of indicators on individual religiosity and thus allow for more differentiated analyses of cross-national differences. In this paper, we use these findings to point out in which ways the forms and development of religiosity differ between the major religious cultures of the world. In order to have a sufficient number of cases for all geographical macro-regions, three data sources were used: ISSP 2018 data from 37 countries, the 2018 Templeton survey that fielded ISSP 2018 survey questions in another 10 non-European countries, and data from the ISSP 2008 religion module for 10 countries that did not participate in ISSP 2018. The comparison covers three dimensions: religious affiliation and non-affiliation, private and public forms of religious practice, and different types of religious beliefs. In the final section, we discuss what conclusions can be drawn from the results with regard to the secularization thesis, i.e., the assumption that socioeconomic modernization leads to a decline in individual religiosity.
{"title":"Religiosity in the major religious cultures of the world","authors":"F. Höllinger, Lorenz Makula","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1958181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1958181","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Compared to other cross-national surveys, the religion-modules of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) include a larger number of indicators on individual religiosity and thus allow for more differentiated analyses of cross-national differences. In this paper, we use these findings to point out in which ways the forms and development of religiosity differ between the major religious cultures of the world. In order to have a sufficient number of cases for all geographical macro-regions, three data sources were used: ISSP 2018 data from 37 countries, the 2018 Templeton survey that fielded ISSP 2018 survey questions in another 10 non-European countries, and data from the ISSP 2008 religion module for 10 countries that did not participate in ISSP 2018. The comparison covers three dimensions: religious affiliation and non-affiliation, private and public forms of religious practice, and different types of religious beliefs. In the final section, we discuss what conclusions can be drawn from the results with regard to the secularization thesis, i.e., the assumption that socioeconomic modernization leads to a decline in individual religiosity.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"21 1","pages":"345 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83182423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-07DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1976470
Giorgi Babunashvili, A. Kipiani
Abstract Political and societal attitudes are significantly shaped by historical experience. As part of the special issue on the ISSP religion module, we discuss in this brief research note how religiosity effects whether people have liberal attitudes and how this varies across pre-dominantly Christian countries with and without communist pasts. The data show that overall, in post-Communist countries, religiosity has a weaker effect on liberal attitudes toward homosexual relations. At the same time, the overall level of tolerance concerning sexual minorities is lower, and there is a less variance in attitudes among the societies of former communist countries.
{"title":"Liberal attitudes and religion. The moderating effects of a communist past","authors":"Giorgi Babunashvili, A. Kipiani","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1976470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1976470","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Political and societal attitudes are significantly shaped by historical experience. As part of the special issue on the ISSP religion module, we discuss in this brief research note how religiosity effects whether people have liberal attitudes and how this varies across pre-dominantly Christian countries with and without communist pasts. The data show that overall, in post-Communist countries, religiosity has a weaker effect on liberal attitudes toward homosexual relations. At the same time, the overall level of tolerance concerning sexual minorities is lower, and there is a less variance in attitudes among the societies of former communist countries.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"2 1","pages":"375 - 389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78718078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-23DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1978172
Chinglen Laishram, Khaikholen Haokip
Abstract This study examined if India’s caste system, a form of social stratification that divides different social groups into ranked categories, moderates the relationship between social capital and life satisfaction. Using data extracted from the International Social Survey Programme’s module on Social Network and Social Resources (N = 909), we conducted Principal Component Analysis and identified two distinct components of social capital – formal and informal. Using Multiple Hierarchical Regression, we examined the relationship between social capital (formal and informal) and life satisfaction, and it was found to be significant. We also found that the relationship is different for different castes. Average life satisfaction was lowest among the middle castes (Other Backward Classes), and not the lower castes (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes). Formal social capital was found to positively contribute to life satisfaction across all the caste categories, but heavy informal social capital was observed to reduce life satisfaction among upper castes.
{"title":"Does Caste-based Social Stratification Moderate the Relationship Between Social Capital and Life Satisfaction? Evidence from India","authors":"Chinglen Laishram, Khaikholen Haokip","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1978172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1978172","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examined if India’s caste system, a form of social stratification that divides different social groups into ranked categories, moderates the relationship between social capital and life satisfaction. Using data extracted from the International Social Survey Programme’s module on Social Network and Social Resources (N = 909), we conducted Principal Component Analysis and identified two distinct components of social capital – formal and informal. Using Multiple Hierarchical Regression, we examined the relationship between social capital (formal and informal) and life satisfaction, and it was found to be significant. We also found that the relationship is different for different castes. Average life satisfaction was lowest among the middle castes (Other Backward Classes), and not the lower castes (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes). Formal social capital was found to positively contribute to life satisfaction across all the caste categories, but heavy informal social capital was observed to reduce life satisfaction among upper castes.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"33 1","pages":"413 - 432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84634045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-22DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1978192
Ann-Sofie Grönlund, Malcolm Fairbrother
Abstract The study aims to explore whether gendered family roles in the country of origin and the country of destination explain labor market outcomes for immigrants in Sweden. We examine the assumptions of the source country culture literature—that traditional gender norms in immigrants’ source countries drive women’s employment in the new country—by focusing on gender differences and exploring group- and individual-level mechanisms, notably, that of care responsibilities. Using Swedish register data, comprising more than 660 000 individuals from 110 source countries, we analyze the labor market establishment of immigrant women and men in 2016 with multi-level regressions. Findings show that the gender gap in employment is significantly larger among groups from countries with low female labor force participation. Much of this gap is explained by women’s care responsibilities, both at arrival and through continued fertility after arrival. Thus, even in Sweden, with longstanding policies promoting female employment, immigrant women’s employment is conditioned by the gender-traditionality of their source countries. The findings question the gender-equalizing power of welfare state institutions in the face of increasing immigration. However, education crucially affects the implications of cultural background and fertility. In future research, these mechanisms—including the group-level correlations—should be further explored to better pinpoint the obstacles facing women from traditional countries.
{"title":"No escape from tradition? Source country culture and gendered employment patterns among immigrants in Sweden","authors":"Ann-Sofie Grönlund, Malcolm Fairbrother","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1978192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1978192","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study aims to explore whether gendered family roles in the country of origin and the country of destination explain labor market outcomes for immigrants in Sweden. We examine the assumptions of the source country culture literature—that traditional gender norms in immigrants’ source countries drive women’s employment in the new country—by focusing on gender differences and exploring group- and individual-level mechanisms, notably, that of care responsibilities. Using Swedish register data, comprising more than 660 000 individuals from 110 source countries, we analyze the labor market establishment of immigrant women and men in 2016 with multi-level regressions. Findings show that the gender gap in employment is significantly larger among groups from countries with low female labor force participation. Much of this gap is explained by women’s care responsibilities, both at arrival and through continued fertility after arrival. Thus, even in Sweden, with longstanding policies promoting female employment, immigrant women’s employment is conditioned by the gender-traditionality of their source countries. The findings question the gender-equalizing power of welfare state institutions in the face of increasing immigration. However, education crucially affects the implications of cultural background and fertility. In future research, these mechanisms—including the group-level correlations—should be further explored to better pinpoint the obstacles facing women from traditional countries.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"56 1","pages":"49 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90873039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how camp management ensures the right to food for elderly refugees in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp, Kasulu District in Tanzania. Materials and Methods: The study adopted a mixed method research design. The study target population was 4,080 elderly refugees aged sixty years and above and 21 senior camp managers. Stratified and purposive sampling techniques were used to obtain the sample for the study. Krejicie and Morgani (1970), was used to obtain a sample of 344 elderly respondents and purposive sampling to select 21 senior camp managers. The study used questionnaires and in-depth interview guide to collect primary data. The collected quantitative data was analyzed with the aid of SPSS using descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage. The qualitative data collected using interview guides was analyzed thematically using content analysis. The results were presented in tables, charts and bars. Results: The study found that most of the elderly refugees involved in the study had no idea what camp management entailed. The study also found that most of the elderly refugees aged 60 years and above in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp Kasulu District in Tanzania were not able to find all the food they would have liked. Further, the study found that satisfactorily nutritional status is paramount so as to meet the dietary needs of the elderly. The study also found that overcrowding in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp, Kasulu District in Tanzania was hindering the ability of the camp management to provide the elderly with sufficient food to a very great extent. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that there is need for the camp management in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp, Kasulu District in Tanzania to create awareness amongst refugees themselves and humanitarian organizations, and risk assessment and interventions to improve access to an adequate and appropriate diet for the elderly refugees aged 60 years and above.
{"title":"CAMP MANAGEMENT AND THE RIGHT TO FOOD FOR ELDERLY REFUGEES: A CASE STUDY OF NYARUGUSU REFUGEE CAMP, KASULU DISTRICT IN TANZANIA","authors":"Deockary Massawe, P. Mbaro, Wilkister Milimu","doi":"10.47604/ijs.1358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijs.1358","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how camp management ensures the right to food for elderly refugees in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp, Kasulu District in Tanzania. \u0000Materials and Methods: The study adopted a mixed method research design. The study target population was 4,080 elderly refugees aged sixty years and above and 21 senior camp managers. Stratified and purposive sampling techniques were used to obtain the sample for the study. Krejicie and Morgani (1970), was used to obtain a sample of 344 elderly respondents and purposive sampling to select 21 senior camp managers. The study used questionnaires and in-depth interview guide to collect primary data. The collected quantitative data was analyzed with the aid of SPSS using descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage. The qualitative data collected using interview guides was analyzed thematically using content analysis. The results were presented in tables, charts and bars. \u0000Results: The study found that most of the elderly refugees involved in the study had no idea what camp management entailed. The study also found that most of the elderly refugees aged 60 years and above in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp Kasulu District in Tanzania were not able to find all the food they would have liked. Further, the study found that satisfactorily nutritional status is paramount so as to meet the dietary needs of the elderly. The study also found that overcrowding in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp, Kasulu District in Tanzania was hindering the ability of the camp management to provide the elderly with sufficient food to a very great extent. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that there is need for the camp management in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp, Kasulu District in Tanzania to create awareness amongst refugees themselves and humanitarian organizations, and risk assessment and interventions to improve access to an adequate and appropriate diet for the elderly refugees aged 60 years and above.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76344764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1946947
Joshua K. Dubrow
Abstract This special issue of the International Journal of Sociology explores political voice in Europe from qualitative and quantitative methods. Political voice is the expression of interests in the political sphere and refers to both participation and representation. The four papers of this special issue feature recent work from political sociologists at the Graduate School for Social Research, Polish Academy of Sciences and include case studies of the Czech Republic, Ukraine, and Russia, and a cross-national study of Europe. Taken together, these studies explore how voice operates in authoritarian and democratic regimes, and transitions between them.
{"title":"Guest Editor's Introduction: Political Voice in Europe","authors":"Joshua K. Dubrow","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1946947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1946947","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This special issue of the International Journal of Sociology explores political voice in Europe from qualitative and quantitative methods. Political voice is the expression of interests in the political sphere and refers to both participation and representation. The four papers of this special issue feature recent work from political sociologists at the Graduate School for Social Research, Polish Academy of Sciences and include case studies of the Czech Republic, Ukraine, and Russia, and a cross-national study of Europe. Taken together, these studies explore how voice operates in authoritarian and democratic regimes, and transitions between them.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"9 1","pages":"257 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79151093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1939945
O. Lavrinenko
Abstract To explain protest potential, the Structural Cognitive Model (SCM) suggests (i) a multi-level interaction between economic and political contexts (“structure”) and individual-level social psychological factors (“cognitive”) such that (ii) macro-level factors can amplify or dampen individual and group protest potential. This model has few cross-national tests because many of the cognitive concepts it suggests are not available in the major international survey projects. This paper explores the possibilities to test SCM with the European Values Study (33 countries, 2017–2018). I explain protest potential as a result of, at the macro level, economic inequality and the degree to which the Political Opportunity Structure is open or closed. Individual-level factors include economic structural disadvantage and being both politically interested and organizationally embedded. Cognitive factors include external political efficacy and internal social efficacy. I find that external political efficacy is sensitive to the political context and internal social efficacy is not. These results suggest that, to test SCM, the distinction between external political efficacy and internal social efficacy is essential because they have different relationships with the economic and political contexts. Overall, I find that the European Values Study can be used to explore SCM in cross-national perspective.
{"title":"Exploring Protest in Europe with a Multi-Level Cross-National Test of the Structural Cognitive Model","authors":"O. Lavrinenko","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1939945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1939945","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To explain protest potential, the Structural Cognitive Model (SCM) suggests (i) a multi-level interaction between economic and political contexts (“structure”) and individual-level social psychological factors (“cognitive”) such that (ii) macro-level factors can amplify or dampen individual and group protest potential. This model has few cross-national tests because many of the cognitive concepts it suggests are not available in the major international survey projects. This paper explores the possibilities to test SCM with the European Values Study (33 countries, 2017–2018). I explain protest potential as a result of, at the macro level, economic inequality and the degree to which the Political Opportunity Structure is open or closed. Individual-level factors include economic structural disadvantage and being both politically interested and organizationally embedded. Cognitive factors include external political efficacy and internal social efficacy. I find that external political efficacy is sensitive to the political context and internal social efficacy is not. These results suggest that, to test SCM, the distinction between external political efficacy and internal social efficacy is essential because they have different relationships with the economic and political contexts. Overall, I find that the European Values Study can be used to explore SCM in cross-national perspective.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"13 1","pages":"321 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74786968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1925409
Mung Khie Tsen, Manli Gu, Chee Meng Tan, S. Goh
Abstract It is commonly agreed, flexible work arrangements (FWA) could bring many benefits to both employees and employers. With the increased prevalence of team-based work structures, collaborative jobs with limited independence may also limit the advantages of FWA. This research is designed to investigate the moderating effect of perceived work independence in the relationship between different flexible work arrangements (flex time, flex leave, and working from home) and turnover intention. Mixed-effect modeling analysis is done using data collected from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) Work Orientation 2015, which consists of 35 nationally representative samples with a total number of 16, 920 responses. The results show that perceived job independence significantly moderates the relationship between flexible work arrangements and turnover intention. Employees who perceived their jobs as highly independent have a lower turnover intention when flex time, flex leave or working from home were used, while interdependent employees who work from home and uses flex time may have greater intention to leave. The results conclude that providing FWA alone is not enough to retain talents in organizations. Employees will stay in the same organization when their jobs, simultaneously, are designed to allow some sole control over their work content.
{"title":"Effect of Flexible Work Arrangements on Turnover Intention: Does Job Independence Matter?","authors":"Mung Khie Tsen, Manli Gu, Chee Meng Tan, S. Goh","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1925409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1925409","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is commonly agreed, flexible work arrangements (FWA) could bring many benefits to both employees and employers. With the increased prevalence of team-based work structures, collaborative jobs with limited independence may also limit the advantages of FWA. This research is designed to investigate the moderating effect of perceived work independence in the relationship between different flexible work arrangements (flex time, flex leave, and working from home) and turnover intention. Mixed-effect modeling analysis is done using data collected from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) Work Orientation 2015, which consists of 35 nationally representative samples with a total number of 16, 920 responses. The results show that perceived job independence significantly moderates the relationship between flexible work arrangements and turnover intention. Employees who perceived their jobs as highly independent have a lower turnover intention when flex time, flex leave or working from home were used, while interdependent employees who work from home and uses flex time may have greater intention to leave. The results conclude that providing FWA alone is not enough to retain talents in organizations. Employees will stay in the same organization when their jobs, simultaneously, are designed to allow some sole control over their work content.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"61 1","pages":"451 - 472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74108061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-26DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1939946
C. Mclean
Abstract This article examines the development of anti-transgender debates within the United Kingdom, which have gained traction due to proposed amendments to the country’s Gender Recognition Act (GRA). A group of determined lobby groups, taking their lead from like-minded organizations in the United States, has protested vigorously against the proposed changes to the GRA, especially with respect to “single-sex spaces”. As a result of this furor, the lives of transgender people have become the subject of open debate. Trans people now see their legitimacy questioned, and their ability to access services increasingly being placed under the microscope. This article argues that the literature on radicalization – developed in response to domestic terrorism – can explain these developments. UK lobby groups are successfully pushing a radical agenda to deny the basic rights of trans people, and are doing so under the cover of “free speech” – a sacrosanct element of life in Anglo-Saxon countries.
{"title":"The Growth of the Anti-Transgender Movement in the United Kingdom. The Silent Radicalization of the British Electorate","authors":"C. Mclean","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1939946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1939946","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines the development of anti-transgender debates within the United Kingdom, which have gained traction due to proposed amendments to the country’s Gender Recognition Act (GRA). A group of determined lobby groups, taking their lead from like-minded organizations in the United States, has protested vigorously against the proposed changes to the GRA, especially with respect to “single-sex spaces”. As a result of this furor, the lives of transgender people have become the subject of open debate. Trans people now see their legitimacy questioned, and their ability to access services increasingly being placed under the microscope. This article argues that the literature on radicalization – developed in response to domestic terrorism – can explain these developments. UK lobby groups are successfully pushing a radical agenda to deny the basic rights of trans people, and are doing so under the cover of “free speech” – a sacrosanct element of life in Anglo-Saxon countries.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"86 1","pages":"473 - 482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85578493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-18DOI: 10.1080/00207659.2021.1937778
Riccardo Ladini, Ferruccio Biolcati, F. Molteni, A. Pedrazzani, C. Vezzoni
Abstract When analyzing the relationship between individual religiosity and attitudes toward immigration, empirical research often leads to contrasting findings. By focusing on contemporary Italy, our contribution aims to provide evidence of two opposite effects that religiosity can exert on attitudes toward immigration. On the one hand, belonging to a religious community is expected to reinforce a social identity, leading to negative attitudes toward outgroups. On the other hand, religious commitment implies adhering to religious teachings which promote altruistic values, such as the acceptance of others. Since the two hypotheses pertain to different dimensions of religiosity, we propose to use a typology combining affiliation and church attendance, so that the two hypotheses can be tested as complementary. The first evidence we provide to support the hypotheses analyzes parallel survey data coming from the European Social Survey (ESS), the European Values Study (EVS), and the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). In particular, we point out that non-religious and highly religious people show more positive attitudes toward immigration than affiliated individuals with low religious commitment. Moreover, data from the 2018 ISSP module “Religion IV”, which includes more specific measures of religious identity and commitment, lend further support to our expectations.
{"title":"The multifaceted relationship between individual religiosity and attitudes toward immigration in contemporary Italy","authors":"Riccardo Ladini, Ferruccio Biolcati, F. Molteni, A. Pedrazzani, C. Vezzoni","doi":"10.1080/00207659.2021.1937778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2021.1937778","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract When analyzing the relationship between individual religiosity and attitudes toward immigration, empirical research often leads to contrasting findings. By focusing on contemporary Italy, our contribution aims to provide evidence of two opposite effects that religiosity can exert on attitudes toward immigration. On the one hand, belonging to a religious community is expected to reinforce a social identity, leading to negative attitudes toward outgroups. On the other hand, religious commitment implies adhering to religious teachings which promote altruistic values, such as the acceptance of others. Since the two hypotheses pertain to different dimensions of religiosity, we propose to use a typology combining affiliation and church attendance, so that the two hypotheses can be tested as complementary. The first evidence we provide to support the hypotheses analyzes parallel survey data coming from the European Social Survey (ESS), the European Values Study (EVS), and the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). In particular, we point out that non-religious and highly religious people show more positive attitudes toward immigration than affiliated individuals with low religious commitment. Moreover, data from the 2018 ISSP module “Religion IV”, which includes more specific measures of religious identity and commitment, lend further support to our expectations.","PeriodicalId":45362,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sociology","volume":"101 1","pages":"390 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90072525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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