Pub Date : 2016-07-26DOI: 10.1186/S40173-016-0070-0
F. Green, G. Henseke
{"title":"The changing graduate labour market: analysis using a new indicator of graduate jobs","authors":"F. Green, G. Henseke","doi":"10.1186/S40173-016-0070-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/S40173-016-0070-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/S40173-016-0070-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65841051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tryphon Kollintzas, D. Papageorgiou, E. Tsionas, Vanghelis Vassilatos
In this paper, using a dynamic panel of 21 OECD countries, we find that, unlike the other OECD countries in the sample, wage setting institutions, competition conditions, public finances, and external imbalances can account for the behavior of the public sector wage premium (WPR) and the self-employed taxation gap (TSL) in Greece and to a lesser extent in Spain and Portugal, in a manner that is consistent with an “insider–outsider society” (IOS). That is, a politicoeconomic system characterized by groups of selfish elites that enjoy market power but at the same time cooperate in influencing government in protecting and promoting their collective self-interests. Then, we find that for Greece as well as Spain and Portugal, WPR and TSL have an adverse effect on both TFP and output growth. Finally, the effect of WPR and TSL on the business cycle (shock propagation mechanism) is investigated via a panel VAR analysis. Again, impulse response function analysis suggests that the shock propagation mechanisms of WPR and TSL for Greece and to a lesser extent for Spain and Portugal are quite different from the rest of the OECD countries. For example, in Greece, unlike the other OECD countries in the sample, a positive temporary shock in WPR causes TFP and output to fall and the public and current account deficits to increase. We take the TFP/output growth and the shock propagation mechanism results to provide strong evidence that Greece and to a lesser extent Spain and Portugal behave like IOS. For that matter, these results are important in order to understand the Greek crisis.
{"title":"Market and political power interactions in Greece: an empirical investigation","authors":"Tryphon Kollintzas, D. Papageorgiou, E. Tsionas, Vanghelis Vassilatos","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2819004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2819004","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, using a dynamic panel of 21 OECD countries, we find that, unlike the other OECD countries in the sample, wage setting institutions, competition conditions, public finances, and external imbalances can account for the behavior of the public sector wage premium (WPR) and the self-employed taxation gap (TSL) in Greece and to a lesser extent in Spain and Portugal, in a manner that is consistent with an “insider–outsider society” (IOS). That is, a politicoeconomic system characterized by groups of selfish elites that enjoy market power but at the same time cooperate in influencing government in protecting and promoting their collective self-interests. Then, we find that for Greece as well as Spain and Portugal, WPR and TSL have an adverse effect on both TFP and output growth. Finally, the effect of WPR and TSL on the business cycle (shock propagation mechanism) is investigated via a panel VAR analysis. Again, impulse response function analysis suggests that the shock propagation mechanisms of WPR and TSL for Greece and to a lesser extent for Spain and Portugal are quite different from the rest of the OECD countries. For example, in Greece, unlike the other OECD countries in the sample, a positive temporary shock in WPR causes TFP and output to fall and the public and current account deficits to increase. We take the TFP/output growth and the shock propagation mechanism results to provide strong evidence that Greece and to a lesser extent Spain and Portugal behave like IOS. For that matter, these results are important in order to understand the Greek crisis.","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2139/ssrn.2819004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68352932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effrosyni Adamopoulou, E. Bobbio, Marta de Philippis, Federico Giorgi
This paper analyses wage dynamics in Italy in the last 25 years with a special focus on the recent recession. Despite the rather rigid Italian institutional setting, using linked employer-employee data we find that wage rigidities, albeit always present, have been subdued during the recessionary years. Using complementary data, we verify that, although we only observe daily and not hourly wages, overtime hours are not the main mechanism behind this enhanced wage flexibility. We document the presence of a trade-off between wage and employment adjustments: firms historically displaying higher levels of wage rigidities were less able to modify wages but exhibited higher turnover. A higher share of temporary workers, whose contractual relationship may be costlessly terminated and whose wages are therefore more frequently negotiated, served instead as a significant wage flexibility enhancing margin. More broadly, we find that firms of larger dimension, with a higher share of blue collar workers, or belonging to a sector where bonuses represent a large part of annual earnings were the ones displaying a higher level of wage flexibility.JEL ClassificationJ31, J33
{"title":"Wage rigidities and business cycle fluctuations: a linked employer-employee analysis","authors":"Effrosyni Adamopoulou, E. Bobbio, Marta de Philippis, Federico Giorgi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2845358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2845358","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses wage dynamics in Italy in the last 25 years with a special focus on the recent recession. Despite the rather rigid Italian institutional setting, using linked employer-employee data we find that wage rigidities, albeit always present, have been subdued during the recessionary years. Using complementary data, we verify that, although we only observe daily and not hourly wages, overtime hours are not the main mechanism behind this enhanced wage flexibility. We document the presence of a trade-off between wage and employment adjustments: firms historically displaying higher levels of wage rigidities were less able to modify wages but exhibited higher turnover. A higher share of temporary workers, whose contractual relationship may be costlessly terminated and whose wages are therefore more frequently negotiated, served instead as a significant wage flexibility enhancing margin. More broadly, we find that firms of larger dimension, with a higher share of blue collar workers, or belonging to a sector where bonuses represent a large part of annual earnings were the ones displaying a higher level of wage flexibility.JEL ClassificationJ31, J33","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68383535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-28DOI: 10.1186/S40173-016-0068-7
E. Stancanelli, A. van Soest
{"title":"Partners’ leisure time truly together upon retirement","authors":"E. Stancanelli, A. van Soest","doi":"10.1186/S40173-016-0068-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/S40173-016-0068-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/S40173-016-0068-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65840401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-10DOI: 10.1186/S40173-016-0066-9
Jeffrey Hemmeter, M. S. Bailey
{"title":"Earnings after DI: evidence from full medical continuing disability reviews","authors":"Jeffrey Hemmeter, M. S. Bailey","doi":"10.1186/S40173-016-0066-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/S40173-016-0066-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/S40173-016-0066-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65840831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-01DOI: 10.1186/S40173-018-0095-7
Mariana Viollaz
{"title":"Enforcement of labor market regulations: heterogeneous compliance and adjustment across gender","authors":"Mariana Viollaz","doi":"10.1186/S40173-018-0095-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/S40173-018-0095-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/S40173-018-0095-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65841199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An amendment to legislation in 2009 enabled New Zealand firms with fewer than 20 employees to hire new workers on trial periods. The scheme was subsequently extended to employers of all sizes. The policy was intended to encourage firms to take on more employees, and particularly more disadvantaged job seekers, by reducing the risk associated with hiring an unknown worker. We use unit record linked employer-employee data and the staggered introduction of the policy for firms of different sizes to assess the policy effect on firm hiring behaviour. We find no evidence that the policy affected the number of hires by firms on average, either overall or into employment that lasted beyond the trial period. We also do not find an effect on hiring of disadvantaged jobseekers. However, our results suggest that the policy increased hiring in industries with high use of trial periods by 10.3 percent.
{"title":"The Effect of Trial Periods in Employment on Firm Hiring Behaviour","authors":"N. Chappell, Isabelle Sin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2824892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2824892","url":null,"abstract":"An amendment to legislation in 2009 enabled New Zealand firms with fewer than 20 employees to hire new workers on trial periods. The scheme was subsequently extended to employers of all sizes. The policy was intended to encourage firms to take on more employees, and particularly more disadvantaged job seekers, by reducing the risk associated with hiring an unknown worker. We use unit record linked employer-employee data and the staggered introduction of the policy for firms of different sizes to assess the policy effect on firm hiring behaviour. We find no evidence that the policy affected the number of hires by firms on average, either overall or into employment that lasted beyond the trial period. We also do not find an effect on hiring of disadvantaged jobseekers. However, our results suggest that the policy increased hiring in industries with high use of trial periods by 10.3 percent.","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68358804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-27DOI: 10.1186/S40173-016-0065-X
Megan Millenky
{"title":"Connecting high school dropouts to employment and education: an impact study of the National Guard Youth ChalleNGe Program","authors":"Megan Millenky","doi":"10.1186/S40173-016-0065-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/S40173-016-0065-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/S40173-016-0065-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65840821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-13DOI: 10.1186/S40173-016-0061-1
J. Visser
{"title":"What happened to collective bargaining during the great recession?","authors":"J. Visser","doi":"10.1186/S40173-016-0061-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/S40173-016-0061-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45367,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Labor Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/S40173-016-0061-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65840714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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