Pub Date : 2002-03-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570201100107
T. Nair
into the poverty lending . sector by both national and international agencies. The number of extra-state agencies dealing with small credit and saving has proliferated, show-casing a wide variety of organisational and operational styles. Even as the microfinance system starts getting institutionalised in India, many issues pertaining to the complex relationship between debt and the socio-cultural milieu that accompanies poverty in the specific context of India have remained unnoticed. Also, the impact of microfinancial operation on the life of the poor borrowers, more often than not, are taken for granted. This book by Biswaroop Das attempts to address a few such questions that tend to be ignored in conventional evaluations of microfinance programmes. Incidentally, the study that forms the basis of the book has been undertaken at the behest of the Friends of Women’s World Bank-
{"title":"Book Reviews : Biswaroop Das, Role and Impact of Microfinance on Poor: A Study of Clients using Micro Credit in two South Indian States, Ahmedabad: Friends of Women's World Banking, 2001, 270 pp","authors":"T. Nair","doi":"10.1177/097135570201100107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570201100107","url":null,"abstract":"into the poverty lending . sector by both national and international agencies. The number of extra-state agencies dealing with small credit and saving has proliferated, show-casing a wide variety of organisational and operational styles. Even as the microfinance system starts getting institutionalised in India, many issues pertaining to the complex relationship between debt and the socio-cultural milieu that accompanies poverty in the specific context of India have remained unnoticed. Also, the impact of microfinancial operation on the life of the poor borrowers, more often than not, are taken for granted. This book by Biswaroop Das attempts to address a few such questions that tend to be ignored in conventional evaluations of microfinance programmes. Incidentally, the study that forms the basis of the book has been undertaken at the behest of the Friends of Women’s World Bank-","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"11 1","pages":"100 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570201100107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570201100102
Rachana Chattopadhyay, Anjali Ghosh
Predicting entrepreneurial success using psychological variables like individualism-collectivism, achievement value, locus of control and the socio- cultural variable, for example the entrepreneurial status, had been the usual practice. These variables could identify the traits that differentiated a new entre preneur from a traditional one. This article makes an attempt to expand the measurement of entrepreneurial success from two other angles. Using two regression equations, one can predict the future success of an entrepreneur. It has also been observed that the psychological variables have a fairly high cor relation with entrepreneurial success, and all of them can also separately pre dict the success of an entrepreneur efficiently. However, the study establishes that the achievement value, along with entrepreneurial status, are the most effi cient predictor variables in predicting entrepreneurial success.
{"title":"Predicting Entrepreneurial Success","authors":"Rachana Chattopadhyay, Anjali Ghosh","doi":"10.1177/097135570201100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570201100102","url":null,"abstract":"Predicting entrepreneurial success using psychological variables like individualism-collectivism, achievement value, locus of control and the socio- cultural variable, for example the entrepreneurial status, had been the usual practice. These variables could identify the traits that differentiated a new entre preneur from a traditional one. This article makes an attempt to expand the measurement of entrepreneurial success from two other angles. Using two regression equations, one can predict the future success of an entrepreneur. It has also been observed that the psychological variables have a fairly high cor relation with entrepreneurial success, and all of them can also separately pre dict the success of an entrepreneur efficiently. However, the study establishes that the achievement value, along with entrepreneurial status, are the most effi cient predictor variables in predicting entrepreneurial success.","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"11 1","pages":"21 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570201100102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570201100103
M. Bagali
During turbulent days, organisations are increasingly seen to innovate ways to manage businesses. One of these innovations is in the area of developing and managing human resources. Experience has shown that developing human resources often results in achieving a sustained organisational growth. Various strategies are being adopted by business organisations in this regard. One also sees a paradigm shift from an approach understood as 'welfare approach' to that of an approach commonly known as the 'empowerment approach'. This approach of employee empowerment has seen interesting outcomes and hence has been accepted almost all across the world. This article is an empirical study of an Indian industry. It highlights some unique strategies adopted for managing human resources in this industry. The efforts have paid large divi dends to the company. The workforce is committed as well as efficient. The business organisation has succeeded and has been able to achieve global stan dards. This article makes an attempt to advocate the cause of employee em powerment and calls upon practitioners to shift their practices from that of welfare orientation to empowerment. The article also makes an attempt to demystify the concept of employee empowerment.
{"title":"Demystifying Empowered Culture","authors":"M. Bagali","doi":"10.1177/097135570201100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570201100103","url":null,"abstract":"During turbulent days, organisations are increasingly seen to innovate ways to manage businesses. One of these innovations is in the area of developing and managing human resources. Experience has shown that developing human resources often results in achieving a sustained organisational growth. Various strategies are being adopted by business organisations in this regard. One also sees a paradigm shift from an approach understood as 'welfare approach' to that of an approach commonly known as the 'empowerment approach'. This approach of employee empowerment has seen interesting outcomes and hence has been accepted almost all across the world. This article is an empirical study of an Indian industry. It highlights some unique strategies adopted for managing human resources in this industry. The efforts have paid large divi dends to the company. The workforce is committed as well as efficient. The business organisation has succeeded and has been able to achieve global stan dards. This article makes an attempt to advocate the cause of employee em powerment and calls upon practitioners to shift their practices from that of welfare orientation to empowerment. The article also makes an attempt to demystify the concept of employee empowerment.","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"11 1","pages":"33 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570201100103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-09-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570101000203
M. Rutten
An overview of the major debates on entrepreneurship in South and Southeast Asia indi cates an emphasis on collective forms of business organisation. While earlier views argued that collectivism in business activities was one of the main causes of Asia's backwardness, more recent notions emphasise that family enterprises and business net works account for Asia's economic rise. This article compares the forms of business organisation of rural entrepreneurs in India, Malaysia and Indonesia. It is based on empirical research among Hindu small-scale industrialists in central Gujarat, Chinese and Malay owners of combine harvesters in the Muda region, and Muslim owners of iron foundries in Central Java. These findings indicate that both collective and indi vidual strategies are present within each group. It is the flexibility of the business organ isation to adjust to changing social and economic circumstances that explains the success or failure of any enterprise. These findings are in line with studies on European entrepreneurs. There is therefore reason to reconsider the notion of significant differ ences in business organisation between Asian and European entrepreneurs.
{"title":"Family Enterprises and Business Partnerships: Rural Entrepreneurs in India, Malaysia, and Indonesia","authors":"M. Rutten","doi":"10.1177/097135570101000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000203","url":null,"abstract":"An overview of the major debates on entrepreneurship in South and Southeast Asia indi cates an emphasis on collective forms of business organisation. While earlier views argued that collectivism in business activities was one of the main causes of Asia's backwardness, more recent notions emphasise that family enterprises and business net works account for Asia's economic rise. This article compares the forms of business organisation of rural entrepreneurs in India, Malaysia and Indonesia. It is based on empirical research among Hindu small-scale industrialists in central Gujarat, Chinese and Malay owners of combine harvesters in the Muda region, and Muslim owners of iron foundries in Central Java. These findings indicate that both collective and indi vidual strategies are present within each group. It is the flexibility of the business organ isation to adjust to changing social and economic circumstances that explains the success or failure of any enterprise. These findings are in line with studies on European entrepreneurs. There is therefore reason to reconsider the notion of significant differ ences in business organisation between Asian and European entrepreneurs.","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"10 1","pages":"165 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570101000203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-09-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570101000205
K. Weinberger
Participation strengthens the abilities and potential ofpoor people. However, various studies have indicated that women 's participation is often hampered by several factors. This article analyses the determinants of women's participation in local organisations in the Pakistan-administered part of Kashmir. A focus of the article is to establish the centrality of participation in the empowerment of women. The author argues that women are not a homogenous group—meaning that strategies adopted to empower them would vary across regions, class and other factors. The article also highlights the role social networks play in furthering participation. Finally, the arti cle puts forth the argument that participation is a complex process—a process whose outcome cannot be predicted. Factors like incomplete information, cultural, ethnic and economic restrictions often influence the decision-making process of women and hence have a bearing on the final outcome, i.e., empowerment.
{"title":"What Role does Bargaining Power Play in Participation of Women? A Case Study of Rural Pakistan","authors":"K. Weinberger","doi":"10.1177/097135570101000205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000205","url":null,"abstract":"Participation strengthens the abilities and potential ofpoor people. However, various studies have indicated that women 's participation is often hampered by several factors. This article analyses the determinants of women's participation in local organisations in the Pakistan-administered part of Kashmir. A focus of the article is to establish the centrality of participation in the empowerment of women. The author argues that women are not a homogenous group—meaning that strategies adopted to empower them would vary across regions, class and other factors. The article also highlights the role social networks play in furthering participation. Finally, the arti cle puts forth the argument that participation is a complex process—a process whose outcome cannot be predicted. Factors like incomplete information, cultural, ethnic and economic restrictions often influence the decision-making process of women and hence have a bearing on the final outcome, i.e., empowerment.","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"10 1","pages":"209 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570101000205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-09-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570101000209
U. Menon
ment and technology, all of which is the back bone of industrial development. The chapter also briefly delves into the political fall out due to the industrial policy shifts. In the second chapter the author talks about the steady removal of controls on industry through relaxation of FERA, amendment of MRTP, strengthening of BIFR, relaxation of foreign investment norms, relax= ation on import of capital goods, SSI policy and public sector reforms. This chapter reveals how each of the above mentioned points were beneficial to the industrial health of the country in the post-1991 era. The author has very effectively put across the message that removal of restrictions along with other policy measures ensures growth of industry. The third chapter discusses various policy initiatives taken by the government in conjunction with the removal of restrictions on the industry,
{"title":"Book Reviews : P.S. Palande, Coping with Liberalisation: The Industry's Response to New Competition, New Delhi: Response Books, 2000, pp. 377","authors":"U. Menon","doi":"10.1177/097135570101000209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000209","url":null,"abstract":"ment and technology, all of which is the back bone of industrial development. The chapter also briefly delves into the political fall out due to the industrial policy shifts. In the second chapter the author talks about the steady removal of controls on industry through relaxation of FERA, amendment of MRTP, strengthening of BIFR, relaxation of foreign investment norms, relax= ation on import of capital goods, SSI policy and public sector reforms. This chapter reveals how each of the above mentioned points were beneficial to the industrial health of the country in the post-1991 era. The author has very effectively put across the message that removal of restrictions along with other policy measures ensures growth of industry. The third chapter discusses various policy initiatives taken by the government in conjunction with the removal of restrictions on the industry,","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"10 1","pages":"235 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570101000209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-09-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570101000208
A. K. Srivastava
value addition opportunities for the entire chain. The authors have taken pains to describe how it is all done. The extensive coverage to collaborative new product development through inter-firm R&D, the road map to sales forecasting for the chain, the production philosophy and management for reduced volume cost with increased efficiency including dispersed production and build-to-order schemes offer insights into supply chain managers. The supplier is now part of the firm’s competitive strategy. Table 9.1 describes the evolution of supply management from the traditional to the strategic, managing the risks better all the way. The chapter on evolution and growth of information systems emphasises the importance of intrafirm and interfirm information systems. By developing relationships with members of their supply chains, firms develop efficient and effective information systems that facilitate better supply chain integration through the Internet. While personal memory can substitute for managing proprietary firms, elaborate systems are needed to integrate data and help decision-making. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems tie up all the process-driven information systems into one. The chapter proves the point that the appropriate use of information systems could greatly enhance the competitive advantage. Limitations of space act as a constraint on doing full justice to the
{"title":"Book Reviews : D.B.N. Murthy, Managing Quality: A Practical Guide to Customer Satisfaction, Response Books, New Delhi, 1999, pp. 226","authors":"A. K. Srivastava","doi":"10.1177/097135570101000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000208","url":null,"abstract":"value addition opportunities for the entire chain. The authors have taken pains to describe how it is all done. The extensive coverage to collaborative new product development through inter-firm R&D, the road map to sales forecasting for the chain, the production philosophy and management for reduced volume cost with increased efficiency including dispersed production and build-to-order schemes offer insights into supply chain managers. The supplier is now part of the firm’s competitive strategy. Table 9.1 describes the evolution of supply management from the traditional to the strategic, managing the risks better all the way. The chapter on evolution and growth of information systems emphasises the importance of intrafirm and interfirm information systems. By developing relationships with members of their supply chains, firms develop efficient and effective information systems that facilitate better supply chain integration through the Internet. While personal memory can substitute for managing proprietary firms, elaborate systems are needed to integrate data and help decision-making. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems tie up all the process-driven information systems into one. The chapter proves the point that the appropriate use of information systems could greatly enhance the competitive advantage. Limitations of space act as a constraint on doing full justice to the","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"30 1","pages":"230 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570101000208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-09-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570101000211
Naresh Singh
failure to bring in suitable reforms in the agricultural sector through incorporating a farmer-oriented agricultural policy, the growth in this sector has seen a decline over the years. The contribution is down from 56.5 per cent of GDP in 1951 to 31.7 per cent of GDP in 1993-94. In spite of all, even today the rural economy continues to provide a strong base for employment generation. It also remains at the top of private sector investment. In light of these strengths one does see the need for a
{"title":"Book Reviews : K.G. Karmakar, Rural Credit and Self-Help Groups: Micro-finance Needs and Concepts in India, New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1999, pp. 375","authors":"Naresh Singh","doi":"10.1177/097135570101000211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000211","url":null,"abstract":"failure to bring in suitable reforms in the agricultural sector through incorporating a farmer-oriented agricultural policy, the growth in this sector has seen a decline over the years. The contribution is down from 56.5 per cent of GDP in 1951 to 31.7 per cent of GDP in 1993-94. In spite of all, even today the rural economy continues to provide a strong base for employment generation. It also remains at the top of private sector investment. In light of these strengths one does see the need for a","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"10 1","pages":"240 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570101000211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-09-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570101000210
Naresh Singh
The book may however seem a bit outdated considering that it discusses the period in economic history up to 1997-98 only. However, the action points for industry, government and policy makers suggested by the author and the subsequent changes in the policies and government decisions leaves the reader with a feeling of deja vu. The book is critical on the action of the government and industry and hence judgemental to that extent. However, the judgements by the author are fair and subsequent events in the economy and industry have also proved the correctness of the author’s judgements.
{"title":"Book Reviews : Reidar Dale, Evaluation Frameworks for Development Programmes and Projects, New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1998, pp. 151","authors":"Naresh Singh","doi":"10.1177/097135570101000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000210","url":null,"abstract":"The book may however seem a bit outdated considering that it discusses the period in economic history up to 1997-98 only. However, the action points for industry, government and policy makers suggested by the author and the subsequent changes in the policies and government decisions leaves the reader with a feeling of deja vu. The book is critical on the action of the government and industry and hence judgemental to that extent. However, the judgements by the author are fair and subsequent events in the economy and industry have also proved the correctness of the author’s judgements.","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"10 1","pages":"237 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570101000210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-09-01DOI: 10.1177/097135570101000212
Bengt, Johannisson
Prepared by Sanjay Pal, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, Ahmedabad. We publish, in this section, brief abstracts of significant papers appearing in other journals. Authors are requested to send copies of their papers, published elsewhere, for this purpose. Bengt, Johannisson and Morten, Huse, ’Recruiting Outside Board Members in the Small Family Business: An Ideological Challenge’, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal, vol. 12, no. 4 (October-December 2000), pp. 353-78. The focus of this paper is to explore how contrasting ideologies influence the selection process of outside directors in the small family business. Small family businesses do not just represent small-scale economic activity but they are the outcome of entrepreneurial ambition and family involvement. This means that willpower and emotional commitment blend with calculative considerations. As emotional as well as cognitive constructs, the family, management and entrepreneurship each represent an ideology: paternalism, managerialism and entrepreneurialism. The proposed ideological framework is positioned against alternative approaches to the study of board selection processes. Two sets of data are presented. A piloting survey of twelve family businesses in Sweden is used to substantiate the theoretical assumption that entrepreneurial firms avoid having outside directors and managerial firms welcome outside directors, leaving paternalistically run family business ambivalent. Repeated in-depth interviews in two family businesses, one founder-managed and entrepreneurial, the other established and traditional, reveal how the professionalisation of the board enforces managerialism, challenging thus far dominating ideologies, entrepreneurialism and paternalism. The outcome of this ideological context, if properly orchestrated, is an energised and more competitive family business. The study has implications for practice and research in several ways. First, while most studies of the board of directors are input-output analyses not exploring what matters most-actual board behaviour that
{"title":"Bengt, Johannisson and Morten, Huse, 'Recruiting Outside Board Members in the Small Family Business: An Ideological Challenge', Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal, vol. 12, no. 4 (October-December 2000), pp. 353-78","authors":"Bengt, Johannisson","doi":"10.1177/097135570101000212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570101000212","url":null,"abstract":"Prepared by Sanjay Pal, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, Ahmedabad. We publish, in this section, brief abstracts of significant papers appearing in other journals. Authors are requested to send copies of their papers, published elsewhere, for this purpose. Bengt, Johannisson and Morten, Huse, ’Recruiting Outside Board Members in the Small Family Business: An Ideological Challenge’, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal, vol. 12, no. 4 (October-December 2000), pp. 353-78. The focus of this paper is to explore how contrasting ideologies influence the selection process of outside directors in the small family business. Small family businesses do not just represent small-scale economic activity but they are the outcome of entrepreneurial ambition and family involvement. This means that willpower and emotional commitment blend with calculative considerations. As emotional as well as cognitive constructs, the family, management and entrepreneurship each represent an ideology: paternalism, managerialism and entrepreneurialism. The proposed ideological framework is positioned against alternative approaches to the study of board selection processes. Two sets of data are presented. A piloting survey of twelve family businesses in Sweden is used to substantiate the theoretical assumption that entrepreneurial firms avoid having outside directors and managerial firms welcome outside directors, leaving paternalistically run family business ambivalent. Repeated in-depth interviews in two family businesses, one founder-managed and entrepreneurial, the other established and traditional, reveal how the professionalisation of the board enforces managerialism, challenging thus far dominating ideologies, entrepreneurialism and paternalism. The outcome of this ideological context, if properly orchestrated, is an energised and more competitive family business. The study has implications for practice and research in several ways. First, while most studies of the board of directors are input-output analyses not exploring what matters most-actual board behaviour that","PeriodicalId":45394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurship","volume":"10 1","pages":"243 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/097135570101000212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65274663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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