Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2127270
Zhenqiang Wang, G. Jia
ABSTRACT This paper proposes the risk-informed evaluation of different tsunami evacuation risk mitigation strategies to facilitate the identification of effective strategies that are robust to uncertainties. The tsunami evacuation risk (in terms of casualty rate) is used as a quantitative performance measure to compare different mitigation strategies. An improved agent-based model is used to simulate the tsunami evacuation. A simulation-based framework is used to quantify the tsunami evacuation risk, and various uncertainties associated with the evacuation are explicitly considered. Sensitivity analysis is performed to identify critical risk factors and guide the selection of candidate mitigation strategies. The concepts of importance sampling and augmented sample-based approach are used to efficiently evaluate the evacuation risk under different candidate strategies. The risk-informed evaluation of mitigation strategies is illustrated for the tsunami evacuation in Seaside, Oregon, where strategies such as route widening, bridge retrofit, building vertical shelter, preparedness education, and evacuation drill are compared.
{"title":"Risk-informed evaluation of tsunami evacuation risk mitigation strategies","authors":"Zhenqiang Wang, G. Jia","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2127270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2127270","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper proposes the risk-informed evaluation of different tsunami evacuation risk mitigation strategies to facilitate the identification of effective strategies that are robust to uncertainties. The tsunami evacuation risk (in terms of casualty rate) is used as a quantitative performance measure to compare different mitigation strategies. An improved agent-based model is used to simulate the tsunami evacuation. A simulation-based framework is used to quantify the tsunami evacuation risk, and various uncertainties associated with the evacuation are explicitly considered. Sensitivity analysis is performed to identify critical risk factors and guide the selection of candidate mitigation strategies. The concepts of importance sampling and augmented sample-based approach are used to efficiently evaluate the evacuation risk under different candidate strategies. The risk-informed evaluation of mitigation strategies is illustrated for the tsunami evacuation in Seaside, Oregon, where strategies such as route widening, bridge retrofit, building vertical shelter, preparedness education, and evacuation drill are compared.","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"7 1","pages":"1008 - 1027"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46253058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2128562
C. Pursiainen, Eero Kytömaa
ABSTRACT The article is a public policy analysis of the development of legislation on critical infrastructure in the European Union (EU), covering 27 developed countries. More precisely, it concerns the 2022 CER Directive “on the resilience of critical entities’. This directive replaced the 2008 ECI Directive ‘on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructure and the assessment of the need to improve their protection’. We ask what is at stake in this process of moving from one directive to another. Why has the concept of protection been replaced by the concept of resilience, and why has the concept of critical infrastructure been replaced by the newly invented euro-concept of ‘critical entity’? In the concluding section we discuss the European integration dimension of this new directive; what does this development in the CI domain tell us about the current dynamics of European integration, and how it could be explained?
{"title":"From European critical infrastructure protection to the resilience of European critical entities: what does it mean?","authors":"C. Pursiainen, Eero Kytömaa","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2128562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2128562","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article is a public policy analysis of the development of legislation on critical infrastructure in the European Union (EU), covering 27 developed countries. More precisely, it concerns the 2022 CER Directive “on the resilience of critical entities’. This directive replaced the 2008 ECI Directive ‘on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructure and the assessment of the need to improve their protection’. We ask what is at stake in this process of moving from one directive to another. Why has the concept of protection been replaced by the concept of resilience, and why has the concept of critical infrastructure been replaced by the newly invented euro-concept of ‘critical entity’? In the concluding section we discuss the European integration dimension of this new directive; what does this development in the CI domain tell us about the current dynamics of European integration, and how it could be explained?","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"46 9","pages":"85 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41293782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2127999
J. Santos, K. I. Z. Roquel, Albert Lamberte, R. Tan, K. Aviso, J. F. Tapia, Christine Alyssa Solis, K. Yu
ABSTRACT Critical infrastructure systems are essential in sustaining people’s livelihoods and the operation of economic sectors. In this paper, we extend the dynamic inoperability IO model (DIIM), we evaluate the resilience of economic sectors given the initial functionality loss and recovery time of an infrastructure. The resulting model is applied in a case study of the 2020 eruption of Taal Volcano in the Philippines. The initial inoperability and recovery period parameters are used in the 14-sector DIIM. The dynamic recovery behaviors of the sectors are plotted over the disaster timeline based on two metrics: (1) economic loss, which is the monetary value of the damage; and (2) inoperability, which is the dimensionless loss relative to the total production output of each sector. The DIIM template and case study results from this paper can provide policy insights to enhance disaster resilience planning for future disasters.
{"title":"Assessing the economic ripple effects of critical infrastructure failures using the dynamic inoperability input-output model: a case study of the Taal Volcano eruption","authors":"J. Santos, K. I. Z. Roquel, Albert Lamberte, R. Tan, K. Aviso, J. F. Tapia, Christine Alyssa Solis, K. Yu","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2127999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2127999","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Critical infrastructure systems are essential in sustaining people’s livelihoods and the operation of economic sectors. In this paper, we extend the dynamic inoperability IO model (DIIM), we evaluate the resilience of economic sectors given the initial functionality loss and recovery time of an infrastructure. The resulting model is applied in a case study of the 2020 eruption of Taal Volcano in the Philippines. The initial inoperability and recovery period parameters are used in the 14-sector DIIM. The dynamic recovery behaviors of the sectors are plotted over the disaster timeline based on two metrics: (1) economic loss, which is the monetary value of the damage; and (2) inoperability, which is the dimensionless loss relative to the total production output of each sector. The DIIM template and case study results from this paper can provide policy insights to enhance disaster resilience planning for future disasters.","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"8 1","pages":"68 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49215247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2023.2180249
Ashley D. Ross, A. Nejat, Virgie Greb
ABSTRACT Given the risk posed by escalating climate conditions, there is a need to assess how localities integrate adaptive planning into hazard mitigation and how this is enabled or constrained by existing planning institutions. We explore this for flood planning in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas, United States – a largely underresourced and highly socioeconomically vulnerable area. Using Natural Language Processing to analyze county and regional hazard plans as well as transcripts of regional flood planning meetings, we find that adaptive planning is largely absent in the study area. Like many localities in the U.S., the communities in the study area have approached flood planning in static terms that do not fully consider future uncertainties; failed to engage diverse participation in planning; and neglected to pursue co-benefits possible with flood mitigation and other sectors. Critically, this may be a product of traditional planning institutions as well as limited local capacities.
{"title":"Institutional foundations of adaptive planning: exploration of flood planning in the Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, USA","authors":"Ashley D. Ross, A. Nejat, Virgie Greb","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2023.2180249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2023.2180249","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Given the risk posed by escalating climate conditions, there is a need to assess how localities integrate adaptive planning into hazard mitigation and how this is enabled or constrained by existing planning institutions. We explore this for flood planning in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas, United States – a largely underresourced and highly socioeconomically vulnerable area. Using Natural Language Processing to analyze county and regional hazard plans as well as transcripts of regional flood planning meetings, we find that adaptive planning is largely absent in the study area. Like many localities in the U.S., the communities in the study area have approached flood planning in static terms that do not fully consider future uncertainties; failed to engage diverse participation in planning; and neglected to pursue co-benefits possible with flood mitigation and other sectors. Critically, this may be a product of traditional planning institutions as well as limited local capacities.","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"8 1","pages":"419 - 436"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42012219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2126624
Saiful Arif Khan, G. Kabir, M. Billah, Subhrajit Dutta
ABSTRACT Resilient bridge infrastructure is a fundamental component of an uninterrupted transportation system. Thus, assessing the resilience of bridge infrastructure against natural hazards is crucial for transportation agencies. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to develop an integrated framework for analyzing the bridge infrastructure resilience against seismic hazards. The Dempster-Shafer method has been incorporated with the Best Worst Method to achieve this objective and accommodate uncertainty. At first, various resilience criteria have been identified based on an extensive literature review. The weights of the resilience criteria have been determined using the Best Worth Method based on the response provided by the experts. After that, the Dempster-Shafer rule of combination has been used to assess the seismic resilience of a highway bridge by proposing a Bridge Resilience Index. This proposed resilience framework can support transportation agencies in taking effective strategies against seismic hazards.
{"title":"An integrated framework for bridge infrastructure resilience analysis against seismic hazard","authors":"Saiful Arif Khan, G. Kabir, M. Billah, Subhrajit Dutta","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2126624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2126624","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Resilient bridge infrastructure is a fundamental component of an uninterrupted transportation system. Thus, assessing the resilience of bridge infrastructure against natural hazards is crucial for transportation agencies. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to develop an integrated framework for analyzing the bridge infrastructure resilience against seismic hazards. The Dempster-Shafer method has been incorporated with the Best Worst Method to achieve this objective and accommodate uncertainty. At first, various resilience criteria have been identified based on an extensive literature review. The weights of the resilience criteria have been determined using the Best Worth Method based on the response provided by the experts. After that, the Dempster-Shafer rule of combination has been used to assess the seismic resilience of a highway bridge by proposing a Bridge Resilience Index. This proposed resilience framework can support transportation agencies in taking effective strategies against seismic hazards.","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"8 1","pages":"5 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43340693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2126921
A. Ross, Heejun Chang, Alida Cantor
ABSTRACT Climate change and exurban development pose challenges for water resources. This paper examines the perceptions and adaptive responses to those stressors among stakeholders engaging in exurban water management. Drawing on 42 interviews with planners, water managers, and local experts, we analyze perspectives on water-related hazards in the Hood River watershed, Oregon, and identify contrasting approaches to adaptation. Interview subjects identified climate-related hazards as most significant, with relatively less – although not insignificant – concern about development. Interviewees understood the role of the Watershed Group in four different ways: resistance to change, sustaining the present system, adapting to improve resilience, or transformational adaptation. Despite tensions between these approaches, the Watershed Group empowers local actors, offering grounds for social development. This study indicates that exurban areas may be poised to experiment and develop methods of collaborative resource management that reconcile different interests toward transformational adaptations to the dual challenges of climate change and urbanization.
{"title":"Understanding perspectives on climate hazards, water management, and adaptive transformation in an exurban community","authors":"A. Ross, Heejun Chang, Alida Cantor","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2126921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2126921","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change and exurban development pose challenges for water resources. This paper examines the perceptions and adaptive responses to those stressors among stakeholders engaging in exurban water management. Drawing on 42 interviews with planners, water managers, and local experts, we analyze perspectives on water-related hazards in the Hood River watershed, Oregon, and identify contrasting approaches to adaptation. Interview subjects identified climate-related hazards as most significant, with relatively less – although not insignificant – concern about development. Interviewees understood the role of the Watershed Group in four different ways: resistance to change, sustaining the present system, adapting to improve resilience, or transformational adaptation. Despite tensions between these approaches, the Watershed Group empowers local actors, offering grounds for social development. This study indicates that exurban areas may be poised to experiment and develop methods of collaborative resource management that reconcile different interests toward transformational adaptations to the dual challenges of climate change and urbanization.","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"8 1","pages":"48 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45936738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2126631
Prerna Singh, A. Amekudzi-Kennedy, B. Ashuri, M. Chester, S. Labi, Thomas A. Wall
ABSTRACT To enable systems to adapt to changing future conditions, ensuring adaptive capacity in resilience planning is critical. This paper presents an approach to evaluate the long-term benefits of adaptive resilience in infrastructure systems under future uncertainty. The methodology uses long timeframe assessment methods based on NPV and approaches to quantifying different levels of uncertainty along with multi-criteria assessment methods. The approach is demonstrated using three case studies, where investments have focused on different aspects of adaptive resilience in various infrastructure systems. The results demonstrate the increasing benefits of adaptive strategies over time with ongoing learning and the evolving nature of resilience needs. The presented approach can be used by decision-makers in multiple infrastructure sectors. A flexible approach to evaluate the long-term benefits of building adaptive capacity to enhance resilience, this methodology can be a useful tool for practitioners and policymakers to present a business case for long-term adaptive resilience investments..
{"title":"Developing adaptive resilience in infrastructure systems: an approach to quantify long-term benefits","authors":"Prerna Singh, A. Amekudzi-Kennedy, B. Ashuri, M. Chester, S. Labi, Thomas A. Wall","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2126631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2126631","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To enable systems to adapt to changing future conditions, ensuring adaptive capacity in resilience planning is critical. This paper presents an approach to evaluate the long-term benefits of adaptive resilience in infrastructure systems under future uncertainty. The methodology uses long timeframe assessment methods based on NPV and approaches to quantifying different levels of uncertainty along with multi-criteria assessment methods. The approach is demonstrated using three case studies, where investments have focused on different aspects of adaptive resilience in various infrastructure systems. The results demonstrate the increasing benefits of adaptive strategies over time with ongoing learning and the evolving nature of resilience needs. The presented approach can be used by decision-makers in multiple infrastructure sectors. A flexible approach to evaluate the long-term benefits of building adaptive capacity to enhance resilience, this methodology can be a useful tool for practitioners and policymakers to present a business case for long-term adaptive resilience investments..","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"8 1","pages":"26 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47675164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-28DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2126628
Cynthia Lee, I. Tien
ABSTRACT Critical infrastructure systems are complex and subjected to evolving risks and hazards, which makes anticipating their behavior difficult. To prioritize among actions that increase system resilience, it is critical to understand their impacts on parameters defining a network and on anticipated network performance. In this paper, the authors investigate the impacts of variations in three parameters on network vulnerability: component vulnerabilities, service interdependency redundancies, and system link configuration. The advances of this work compared to prior studies include: 1) The impacts of parameters varied across a range of values at the component level are evaluated considering component functionality and connectivity; 2) quantitative analyses of component performance as parameters vary are investigated based on system redundancies; and 3) probabilistic system interdependencies are analyzed through a Bayesian network that considers component pathways. Results quantify effects of changes in component vulnerabilities and dependencies and are used to discuss impacts on system resilience.
{"title":"Impacts of varying network parameters on the vulnerability and resilience of interdependent critical infrastructure systems","authors":"Cynthia Lee, I. Tien","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2126628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2126628","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Critical infrastructure systems are complex and subjected to evolving risks and hazards, which makes anticipating their behavior difficult. To prioritize among actions that increase system resilience, it is critical to understand their impacts on parameters defining a network and on anticipated network performance. In this paper, the authors investigate the impacts of variations in three parameters on network vulnerability: component vulnerabilities, service interdependency redundancies, and system link configuration. The advances of this work compared to prior studies include: 1) The impacts of parameters varied across a range of values at the component level are evaluated considering component functionality and connectivity; 2) quantitative analyses of component performance as parameters vary are investigated based on system redundancies; and 3) probabilistic system interdependencies are analyzed through a Bayesian network that considers component pathways. Results quantify effects of changes in component vulnerabilities and dependencies and are used to discuss impacts on system resilience.","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"7 1","pages":"984 - 1007"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49238390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2126620
Jiduo Xing, S. T. Ng
ABSTRACT The necessity of timely access to care highlights the importance of studying the resilience of the access to healthcare networks. Therefore, this research aims to develop a framework for quantification of the resilience of the access to care by organizing hierarchical healthcare facilities into a direct network. Both proxy and direct measures are employed to provide a holistic insight for decision-makers. Trophic coherence is introduced to represent the resilience level of the whole network. Then, the accessibility resilience is measured through a network recovery model. Finally, weighted directed networks are established to represent the accessible patient transfer under the scenarios of the general, maternal and elderly health services. The findings show the consistency between the proxy and direct measures through a correlation analysis for verification. Moreover, the results suggest that the healthcare accessibility network of the general health service exhibits better resilience performance compared with the other two.
{"title":"Developing the framework for quantification of the resilience of the access to healthcare network","authors":"Jiduo Xing, S. T. Ng","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2126620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2126620","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The necessity of timely access to care highlights the importance of studying the resilience of the access to healthcare networks. Therefore, this research aims to develop a framework for quantification of the resilience of the access to care by organizing hierarchical healthcare facilities into a direct network. Both proxy and direct measures are employed to provide a holistic insight for decision-makers. Trophic coherence is introduced to represent the resilience level of the whole network. Then, the accessibility resilience is measured through a network recovery model. Finally, weighted directed networks are established to represent the accessible patient transfer under the scenarios of the general, maternal and elderly health services. The findings show the consistency between the proxy and direct measures through a correlation analysis for verification. Moreover, the results suggest that the healthcare accessibility network of the general health service exhibits better resilience performance compared with the other two.","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"7 1","pages":"971 - 983"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49184350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2022.2124717
Indushree Banerjee, M. Warnier, F. Brazier
ABSTRACT This paper addresses the challenge of establishing a resilient disaster communication system that transitions seamlessly from a phone-based ad hoc network to any portable infrastructure and back. For this purpose, this paper presents a value-based design of an autonomous and self-organized protocol (SOS-hybrid). This design ensures seamless integration between various communication networks taking local context into account to increase inclusion and continuity of connectivity. SOS-hybrid has two benefits. First, local self-organization can adapt to the local situation in a disaster area. Second, context-awareness can fill in the spatial gaps of coverage associated with top-down approaches. An agent-based modelling approach was used to develop the simulation of the proposed communication network to evaluate the impact of introducing SOS-hybrid in the aftermath of a disaster. SOS-hybrid allows phones to simultaneously provide the benefits of (i) ad hoc mobile networking, allowing hard-to-reach people to connect, and (ii) infrastructure-based communication, allowing phones to more efficiently send messages over long distances. Benefits include two-way communication between community and rescue operators, inclusion and continued connectivity for immobile citizens stuck in isolated out of coverage areas, and seamless transition without loss of messages. Graphical Abstrart
{"title":"Designing inclusion and continuity for resilient communication during disasters","authors":"Indushree Banerjee, M. Warnier, F. Brazier","doi":"10.1080/23789689.2022.2124717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2124717","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper addresses the challenge of establishing a resilient disaster communication system that transitions seamlessly from a phone-based ad hoc network to any portable infrastructure and back. For this purpose, this paper presents a value-based design of an autonomous and self-organized protocol (SOS-hybrid). This design ensures seamless integration between various communication networks taking local context into account to increase inclusion and continuity of connectivity. SOS-hybrid has two benefits. First, local self-organization can adapt to the local situation in a disaster area. Second, context-awareness can fill in the spatial gaps of coverage associated with top-down approaches. An agent-based modelling approach was used to develop the simulation of the proposed communication network to evaluate the impact of introducing SOS-hybrid in the aftermath of a disaster. SOS-hybrid allows phones to simultaneously provide the benefits of (i) ad hoc mobile networking, allowing hard-to-reach people to connect, and (ii) infrastructure-based communication, allowing phones to more efficiently send messages over long distances. Benefits include two-way communication between community and rescue operators, inclusion and continued connectivity for immobile citizens stuck in isolated out of coverage areas, and seamless transition without loss of messages. Graphical Abstrart","PeriodicalId":45395,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure","volume":"7 1","pages":"955 - 970"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45138857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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