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To Cut Down the Dreaming: Epistemic Violence, Ambivalence and the Logic of Coloniality 切断梦想:认知暴力、矛盾心理与殖民逻辑
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1963672
A. Kearney
ABSTRACT The main argument presented here is that in cultural contact zones, such as the Australian settler state, there can emerge violent tendencies in dominant patterns of thought, as both epistemic habits and systems of value. The logic of coloniality is one of war, destruction and inequality, and this is expressed through attempted erasure and actual ambivalence towards Indigenous peoples, their lands, waters, Laws and cultures. This is supported by habits of epistemic violence and axiological retreat. This paper examines such habits, through an ethnographically informed and localised case study of the destruction of an ancestral Dreaming site on Yanyuwa country in the Gulf of Carpentaria, northern Australia. In this instance the body of Yulungurri, the ancestral Tiger Shark, manifest in a large cycad palm, was cut down. Read through the lens of axiological retreat, and coloniality’s ambivalence towards Indigenous presence, the discussion considers the dispositions which lead to and support violence in such forms and how these might become naturalised or concealed in everyday life.
本文提出的主要论点是,在文化接触区,如澳大利亚的移民国家,作为认知习惯和价值体系,在占主导地位的思维模式中可能出现暴力倾向。殖民主义的逻辑是战争、破坏和不平等,这表现在对土著人民、他们的土地、水域、法律和文化的企图抹杀和实际矛盾心理上。这是由认知暴力和价值论撤退的习惯所支持的。本文通过对澳大利亚北部卡彭塔利亚湾的Yanyuwa国家祖先梦想遗址的破坏进行人种学和本地化的案例研究,考察了这些习惯。在这个例子中,虎鲨的祖先Yulungurri的身体,在一个巨大的苏铁棕榈中显现出来,被砍倒了。透过价值论的撤退,以及殖民对土著存在的矛盾心理,讨论了导致和支持这种形式的暴力的倾向,以及这些倾向如何在日常生活中自然化或隐藏起来。
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引用次数: 4
Temporalities of Emergent Axiomatic Violence in Brexit Scotland 脱欧苏格兰出现公理化暴力的时间性
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1969642
Gabriela Manley
ABSTRACT Following an acrimonious referendum on European Union membership, the UK was plunged into chaos as people attempted to negotiate a deeply divided domestic political landscape. In Scotland, things were further complicated by the independence question and the Scottish National Party’s (SNP) call for a second independence referendum. In light of the Brexit result, since 2016 many citizens of Scotland have re-thought their position on independence owing to emergent axiomatic violence located in the UK’s split from Europe. This article examines the different temporalities involved with the emergent axiomatic violence of Brexit as experienced in Scotland. For those who once supported the Union, Brexit is understood as a moment of violent and unforeseen rupture, emerging from a one-off event in the present. In contrast, nationalists speak of Brexit as representative of the accretive slow violence brought on through historical imbalances in UK politics; Brexit was to be expected, emerging from long-term processes. For EU migrants, the violence of Brexit is built into their futures, as they contemplate work and family life in a drastically changed socio-political landscape. Although the ‘emergent’ aspect of the violence inherent in Brexit is dependent on perspective, all agree that the violence is axiomatic, part of everyday life in Brexit Britain.
在一场激烈的欧盟成员国公投之后,英国陷入了混乱,人们试图就一个严重分裂的国内政治格局进行谈判。在苏格兰,独立问题和苏格兰民族党(SNP)要求举行第二次独立公投使情况进一步复杂化。鉴于英国脱欧的结果,自2016年以来,由于英国脱欧引发的不言自明的暴力事件,许多苏格兰公民重新思考了他们对独立的立场。本文考察了苏格兰经历的脱欧公理化暴力所涉及的不同时间性。对于那些曾经支持欧盟的人来说,英国脱欧被理解为一个暴力的、不可预见的破裂时刻,源于当前的一次性事件。相比之下,民族主义者认为,英国退欧代表着英国政治的历史失衡所带来的渐进渐进的暴力;英国脱欧是意料之中的事,是在长期过程中出现的。对于欧盟移民来说,英国脱欧的暴力已经融入了他们的未来,因为他们在一个急剧变化的社会政治环境中考虑工作和家庭生活。尽管英国脱欧中固有的暴力的“突现”方面取决于视角,但所有人都认为暴力是不言自明的,是脱欧后英国日常生活的一部分。
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引用次数: 5
Anxiety, Ambivalence, and the Violence of Expectations: Migrant Reception and Resettlement in Sicily 焦虑、矛盾心理和期望的暴力:西西里岛的移民接收和重新安置
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1969893
Antonio Sorge
ABSTRACT Throughout Europe, the arrival of irregular migrants in recent years has triggered the expression of nativist anxieties, witnessing a broad recourse to violent rhetoric and the embrace of exclusivist models of national and regional community. With an ethnographic focus on migrant resettlement in Sicily, this paper argues that the elaboration of a cosmopolitan ethic that rejects the politics of exclusion can be met with ambivalence by local people who share neither the middle-class sensibilities of refugee advocates, nor their access to the public funds by which it is possible to earn income as social service and resettlement workers. Consequently, migrant advocacy is dogged by the widespread presumption that its aims are not necessarily altruistic, and that the apparatus of migrant resettlement is staffed by actors best positioned to take advantage of the lucrative opportunities presented by the migrant crisis. At the same time, newcomers’ incorporation into the body politic as a reserve army of labour, and the expectation imposed upon them to adapt to host communities and contribute productively to the local economy in any way they can, represents a key element of migrant marginalisation that even their own advocates do not explicitly question. Finally, this marginalisation is further exacerbated by contemporary populist rhetoric that positions newcomers as an existential threat to the society.
近年来,在整个欧洲,非正规移民的到来引发了本土主义焦虑的表达,见证了广泛诉诸暴力言论和接受国家和地区社区的排他性模式。通过对西西里移民安置的民族志研究,本文认为,对拒绝排斥政治的世界主义伦理的阐述可能会受到当地人的矛盾心理的影响,他们既没有难民倡导者的中产阶级情感,也没有获得作为社会服务和安置工作者可能赚取收入的公共资金。因此,移民倡导受到一种普遍假设的困扰,即其目标不一定是利他的,移民重新安置机构的工作人员是由最善于利用移民危机带来的有利可图机会的人组成的。与此同时,新移民作为劳动力后备军被纳入国家,人们期望他们适应东道国社区,尽其所能为当地经济做出有成效的贡献,这是移民边缘化的一个关键因素,即使是他们自己的支持者也没有明确质疑。最后,当代民粹主义言论进一步加剧了这种边缘化,这些言论将新来者定位为对社会存在的威胁。
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引用次数: 2
Afterword: Axioms of Violence 后记:暴力的公理
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1964067
A. Haugerud
ABSTRACT How is violence naturalised, concealed, or challenged in everyday life? Contributors to this special issue provide vital insights into the temporalities, contradictions, emergent political subjectivities, and moral imaginaries of an unstable liberal modernity – thereby helping us to reimagine what might at first seem unprecedented or surreal about the present.
暴力是如何在日常生活中自然化、隐藏或受到挑战的?本期特刊的撰稿人对一个不稳定的自由现代性的时代性、矛盾、新兴的政治主体性和道德想象提供了至关重要的见解——从而帮助我们重新想象最初可能看起来前所未有或超现实的现实。
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引用次数: 0
‘Rebirthing’ the Violent Past: Friction Between Post-Conflict Axioms of Remembrance and Cambodian Buddhist Forgetting “重生”暴力的过去:冲突后记忆公理与柬埔寨佛教遗忘之间的摩擦
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1971512
Carol A. Kidron
ABSTRACT Problematising the vernacularisation of key mechanisms in post-conflict Human Rights (HR) regimes, ethnographic interviews with Cambodian interlocutors present resistance to victim-perpetrator outreach and reconciliation, truth telling, and memorialisation. Resistance stems from the incommensurability between Buddhist present and future-focused perspectives and Euro Western (EW) past-focused memory work so central to the above mechanisms of post-conflict reconciliation. The vernacularisation of EW memory work is not only perceived as culturally incongruent, but appears to threaten a resurgence of genocide-related distress and strife that the HR regime hoped to assuage. Rather than calling for improved cultural competency of vernacularised memory work, accounts disclose the incommensurability of the taken for granted core EW mnemonic axiom (and scenario) that retrieval of the painful past and its public representation may somehow promote healing, rehabilitation and future conflict prevention. As common denominator embedded within multiple mechanisms of the HR model of conflict prevention, this axiom will be epistemically and historically contextualised in HR discourse on memorialisation. Implications will be considered for the future of globalised practices of memorialisation, conflict prevention and the HR regime sustaining axiomatic violence.
冲突后人权(HR)制度中关键机制的白话化问题,对柬埔寨对话者的民族志采访提出了对受害者-犯罪者外展与和解,真相讲述和纪念的抵制。这种抗拒源于佛教关注现在和未来的观点与欧洲西方(EW)关注过去的记忆工作之间的不可通约性,这对上述冲突后和解机制至关重要。EW记忆工作的白化不仅被认为是文化上的不一致,而且似乎威胁到与种族灭绝有关的痛苦和冲突的复苏,而人力资源政权希望缓解这种痛苦和冲突。与其呼吁提高白话化记忆工作的文化能力,研究揭示了被视为理所当然的核心EW助记公理(和场景)的不可通约性,即检索痛苦的过去及其公开代表可能在某种程度上促进愈合、康复和未来冲突的预防。作为冲突预防的人力资源模型的多种机制中的共同点,这一公理将在关于纪念的人力资源话语中被认识论和历史语境化。将考虑对纪念、预防冲突和维持公理暴力的人力资源制度的全球化实践的未来的影响。
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引用次数: 3
Sonic City: Making Rock Music and Urban Life in Singapore 音乐之城:新加坡的摇滚音乐与都市生活
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-06-19 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1940430
Eugene I. Dairianathan
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引用次数: 0
Kava Rootz
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1936552
David Lipset
Mowla Bluffmassacre (which Nangan narrowly escaped by a day or so) in the ‘dancers performing Nyularn’s Nurlu’ image (102). Akerman explains that this nurlu (a genre of performance that includes song, dance and material object carried by the dancers) was dreamt by a man called Nyularn and recalls the burning of a young boy during the massacre. Another such event tells of a man who, while distributing rations at a stick camp on Paradise Station, mistakenly provided arsenic (instead of baking powder) with flour to Aboriginal workers, killing them all; the man subsequently committed suicide out of remorse (107). Along with its beautiful presentation (including 95 colour plates of Nangan’s art), many aspects of this books will engage the reader. Here I will mention two that I found particularly striking: The first is the ecological observations which quietly permeate many sections of the book; the disappearance of particular species since the arrival of feral cats; the arrival of migratory birds; the behaviour of insects and other creatures; the inclusion of species within the section system, and more. The second is Nangan’s representation of the spirit world and the beings who inhabit it, with each drawing eloquently accompanied by Akerman’s explanatory text. Nangan’s depictions of, for example, a deceased ancestor (as a skeleton), or of a rai (a small spirit being who may be instantiated as a human) as almost dwarflike, are striking visualisations in and of themselves but additionally convey complex cosmological information in a way that makes these concepts accessible to an audience unfamiliar with them. Many of Nangan’s drawings represent dream experiences connected to the revelation of nurlu (a public ceremonial genre of song and dance) taught to him by the spirit of a deceased relative (15). Janet Holmes à Court observes in her Foreword that Nangan’s art has not been as wellrecognised as it might, a legacy she suggests is likely to be a consequence of Nangan’s naturalistic stylistic representation in combination with the ‘dislocation’ of the work from the cultural contexts in which the scenes represented would be interpretable (8). This book addresses the latter and makes an excellent case for a larger re-evaluation of the artistic and cultural contribution that Nangan’s work brings to a broader understanding of Aboriginal art.
mola Bluffmassacre (Nangan侥幸逃脱了一天左右)在“舞者表演Nyularn的Nurlu”形象(102)中。阿克曼解释说,这种nurlu(一种表演形式,包括歌舞和舞者携带的物品)是一个名叫Nyularn的人所做的梦,让人想起大屠杀期间一个小男孩被烧死的情景。另一个这样的事件讲述了一个人在天堂站的一个木棍营地分发口粮时,错误地将含有面粉的砷(而不是发酵粉)提供给了土著工人,杀死了他们;该男子随后因悔恨而自杀(107)。除了精美的外观(包括南岸的95张彩色插图),这本书的许多方面都将吸引读者。在这里,我想提两个我觉得特别引人注目的地方:首先是对生态的观察,这在书的许多章节中都悄然出现;由于野猫的到来,特定物种的消失;候鸟的到来;昆虫行为:昆虫和其他生物的行为;在剖面系统中包含物种,以及更多。第二幅是南甘对精神世界和居住在其中的生物的描绘,每幅画都配有阿克曼的解释性文字。例如,Nangan对已故祖先(作为骨骼)或rai(可能被实例化为人类的小灵魂)的描述几乎是侏儒般的,它们本身都是惊人的可视化,但同时也以一种让不熟悉它们的观众也能理解这些概念的方式传达了复杂的宇宙学信息。Nangan的许多绘画都表现了与逝者的灵魂教给他的nurlu(一种公共仪式的歌舞类型)的启示有关的梦境体验(15)。珍妮特·霍姆斯·考特在她的前言中指出,南甘的艺术并没有得到应有的认可,她认为,这一遗产很可能是南甘的自然主义风格表现与作品与文化背景的“错位”相结合的结果,在这种文化背景下,所表现的场景是可以解释的(8)。这本书探讨了后者,并为更广泛地重新评估南甘的艺术和文化贡献提供了一个极好的案例,南甘的作品为更广泛地理解土著艺术带来了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
The Life of a Pest: An Ethnography of Biological Invasion in Mexico 害虫的生活:墨西哥生物入侵的民族志
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1910775
Lachlan Summers
they in fact telling him, say, about his life, his parents, friends, school and nation? One could draw to a larger degree on studies of witchcraft here, since many similar observations of change and time and alterity have come up. In Geschiere’s (2013) perspective, for instance, the point is made that the monstrous witch is always a potentiality that is present within close relations. The terrible thought of a witch is that a person who is intimate and close can turn against you and kill you and consume you. In the chapter by Joanne Thurman about sorcery in Central Australia we sense a similar dynamic, since the danger of the spiritual attack arises within the community and, as I understand it, could possibly be caused by any member of that group. By extension, one wonders, are all monsters addressed in the book really expressions of such negative powers of close relations, even though projected onto other forms? Or is there a category of monsters who live their life independently of humans? If so, a contrast between ‘familiar’ monsters and ‘foreign’ monsters would be interesting to explore. Even though the volume might evoke the objection that the unitary category of ‘monster’ is unhelpful in understanding phenomena around the world that are very different and have little to do with each other, the key word of the monster does manage to produce fascinating accounts of a whole range of ethnographic stuff that might not have come to the surface under other headlines.
他们实际上是在告诉他,比如说,他的生活、他的父母、朋友、学校和国家?人们可以在这里对巫术进行更大程度的研究,因为已经出现了许多关于变化、时间和另类的类似观察。例如,在Geschiere(2013)的观点中,怪物女巫总是一种存在于亲密关系中的潜在力量。关于女巫的可怕想法是,一个与你亲近的人可能会背叛你,杀死你,吞噬你。在乔安妮·瑟曼关于澳大利亚中部巫术的章节中,我们感觉到类似的动态,因为精神攻击的危险出现在社区内,据我所知,可能是由该团体的任何成员造成的。推而远之,人们不禁要问,书中提到的所有怪物,即使以其他形式投射出来,真的都是这种亲密关系的消极力量的表达吗?还是存在一种独立于人类生活的怪物?如果是这样,那么“熟悉的”怪物和“陌生的”怪物之间的对比就会很有趣。尽管这本书可能会引起反对意见,认为“怪物”的单一类别无助于理解世界各地非常不同且彼此无关的现象,但“怪物”这个关键词确实设法产生了一系列令人着迷的人种学内容,这些内容可能不会在其他标题下浮出水面。
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引用次数: 0
Extinction, Inscription and the Dreaming: Exploring a Thylacine Connection 灭绝,铭文和梦想:探索袋狼的联系
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1937513
K. Glaskin
ABSTRACT The thylacine, commonly associated with its Tasmanian extinction, also existed on the Australian mainland up until 3000–3500 years ago and is depicted in rock art sites in various locations around Australia. This lengthy period since extinction means we know little about Aboriginal Australians’ connections with this animal. This paper draws on available evidence to explore these thylacine connections. This exploration highlights the role that inscriptions, traces and narratives may play in facilitating continuing relationships with long extinct species. It also suggests that in these cosmologies, the material absence of a species does not necessarily correlate with ontological finality (of the kind generally considered central to the idea of extinction). The comparative perspective offered here complements work detailing extinction as a concept that has its own historical origins and developments, one that emerges as a specific cultural understanding about the nature of the world and its inhabitants.
袋狼通常与塔斯马尼亚的灭绝有关,它们也存在于澳大利亚大陆,直到3000-3500年前,在澳大利亚各地的岩石艺术遗址中都有描绘。灭绝后的漫长时期意味着我们对澳大利亚土著与这种动物的联系知之甚少。本文利用现有证据来探索袋狼之间的联系。这一探索突出了铭文、痕迹和叙述在促进与长期灭绝的物种的持续关系中可能发挥的作用。它还表明,在这些宇宙论中,一个物种的物质缺失并不一定与本体论的终结(通常被认为是灭绝思想的核心)有关。这里提供的比较视角补充了详细描述灭绝作为一个概念的工作,它有自己的历史起源和发展,作为对世界本质及其居民的特定文化理解而出现。
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引用次数: 1
From the Bukarikara: The Lore of the Southwest Kimberley Through the Art of Butcher Joe Nangan 来自布卡里卡拉:通过屠夫乔·南甘的艺术了解金伯利西南部的爱
IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1936548
K. Glaskin
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引用次数: 1
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Anthropological Forum
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