“For most of the nineteenth century,” writes Heather L. Bailey, “the question of Russia’s relationship to the rest of Europe was inseparable from religion” (45). Of course, this had long been the case. From the time in the 11th to 13th centuries when the lines between Eastern and Western Christianity hardened, religious differences structured international relations and mutual perceptions. By the 19th century, the view of the Russian Orthodox Church as the purveyor and defender of a conservative, anti-Western, inwardlooking culture was well established abroad—a view that continues to color general accounts of imperial Russian history and present-day politics. So was the conviction that the imperial-era Church was the pliant handmaiden of the state. Perhaps as a result, scholars have paid relatively little attention to the history of Russian Orthodox theology in the imperial period. The works under review here demonstrate, however, that theology was a crucial site of
{"title":"Bringing Theology Back In: The Russian Orthodox Church, the State, and the West in Imperial Russia","authors":"Heather J. Coleman","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0006","url":null,"abstract":"“For most of the nineteenth century,” writes Heather L. Bailey, “the question of Russia’s relationship to the rest of Europe was inseparable from religion” (45). Of course, this had long been the case. From the time in the 11th to 13th centuries when the lines between Eastern and Western Christianity hardened, religious differences structured international relations and mutual perceptions. By the 19th century, the view of the Russian Orthodox Church as the purveyor and defender of a conservative, anti-Western, inwardlooking culture was well established abroad—a view that continues to color general accounts of imperial Russian history and present-day politics. So was the conviction that the imperial-era Church was the pliant handmaiden of the state. Perhaps as a result, scholars have paid relatively little attention to the history of Russian Orthodox theology in the imperial period. The works under review here demonstrate, however, that theology was a crucial site of","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48249178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
common among drug addicts, homosexuals, and immigrants from Haiti, who settled in the United States. 1
常见于吸毒成瘾者、同性恋者和在美国定居的海地移民
{"title":"AIDS/HIV and Homophobia in the USSR, 1983–90","authors":"Rustam Alexander","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0004","url":null,"abstract":"common among drug addicts, homosexuals, and immigrants from Haiti, who settled in the United States. 1","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46752896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Georges Grosz’s paintings of wounded flesh and absurd machinery have become part of our collective imagination, and filmmakers, even in the former USSR, long ago helped establish the disabled veteran as one of the archetypes of the Great War era.1 Two of the war’s great combatants—France and Russia—stand out, however, for the relative lack of attention paid to their disabled veteran communities.2 Indeed, compared to the rich historiographies on veterans in Germany, Great Britain, the United States, Italy, Belgium, and Australia, the contrast is striking.3 That has led to the unfortunate overshadowing of the experience of more than 1.14 million ex-servicemen of
{"title":"\"By and for Disabled Veterans\": An Alternative History of Russia's Great War and Revolution","authors":"Alexandre Sumpf","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Georges Grosz’s paintings of wounded flesh and absurd machinery have become part of our collective imagination, and filmmakers, even in the former USSR, long ago helped establish the disabled veteran as one of the archetypes of the Great War era.1 Two of the war’s great combatants—France and Russia—stand out, however, for the relative lack of attention paid to their disabled veteran communities.2 Indeed, compared to the rich historiographies on veterans in Germany, Great Britain, the United States, Italy, Belgium, and Australia, the contrast is striking.3 That has led to the unfortunate overshadowing of the experience of more than 1.14 million ex-servicemen of","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42626753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Eklof, Alexandre Sumpf, Norihiro Naganawa, Donald J. Raleigh, Rustam Alexander, D. Ostrowski, Heather J. Coleman, Mirjam Galley, Sarah Badcock, L. Novikova, L. Berezhnaya, Mischa Gabowitsch
{"title":"How Was Russia Governed Locally? Teachers' Complaints and Institutional Disarray in the Kazan Region, 1895–1908","authors":"B. Eklof, Alexandre Sumpf, Norihiro Naganawa, Donald J. Raleigh, Rustam Alexander, D. Ostrowski, Heather J. Coleman, Mirjam Galley, Sarah Badcock, L. Novikova, L. Berezhnaya, Mischa Gabowitsch","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46291213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
provides a follow-up to Smolkin’s monograph, demonstrating what happened to lived religiousity after the collapse of state atheism. It has survived and, fur-thermore, shows the plurality of memorial practices and individual choices
{"title":"Secularization and Lived Religiosity à la Russe","authors":"Liliya Berezhnaya","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0010","url":null,"abstract":"provides a follow-up to Smolkin’s monograph, demonstrating what happened to lived religiousity after the collapse of state atheism. It has survived and, fur-thermore, shows the plurality of memorial practices and individual choices","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43757224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Soviet Union, youth was central to official ideology and the effort to build socialism in the 1920s and 1930s: young people made up a large proportion of Soviet society, and children were seen as malleable, easily formable into socialist people; they signified the bright socialist future. Correspondingly, the topic of youth has been quite present in research about the Soviet Union.1 A solid body of research focuses on young people in revolutionary Russia and 1 Most notably, Catriona Kelly’s monumental study about Russian childhood (Children’s World: Growing Up in Russia, 1890–1991 [New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006]).
{"title":"Childhood and Youth in the Soviet Union under Stalin","authors":"Mirjam Galley","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0007","url":null,"abstract":"In the Soviet Union, youth was central to official ideology and the effort to build socialism in the 1920s and 1930s: young people made up a large proportion of Soviet society, and children were seen as malleable, easily formable into socialist people; they signified the bright socialist future. Correspondingly, the topic of youth has been quite present in research about the Soviet Union.1 A solid body of research focuses on young people in revolutionary Russia and 1 Most notably, Catriona Kelly’s monumental study about Russian childhood (Children’s World: Growing Up in Russia, 1890–1991 [New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006]).","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42166411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introducing History Ex Silo","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44976149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A gentle wind of the East has brought you, angels. Look upon the sky, stars created the celestial body. Upon your arrival, the Ferghana rubs its head on the ground. You saw, flowers blossomed for you at your every step. You felt, we finally became calm before your compassionate eyes. Thanks to you, we bring our valuable aspirations into being. Not until the heavenly homeland is cleansed of devils, Not until Satan falls silent will we lay down our guns Before your eyes newspapers and books, weapons in hands.
{"title":"Officious Aliens: Tatars' Involvement in the Central Asian Revolution, 1919–21","authors":"Norihiro Naganawa","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0002","url":null,"abstract":"A gentle wind of the East has brought you, angels. Look upon the sky, stars created the celestial body. Upon your arrival, the Ferghana rubs its head on the ground. You saw, flowers blossomed for you at your every step. You felt, we finally became calm before your compassionate eyes. Thanks to you, we bring our valuable aspirations into being. Not until the heavenly homeland is cleansed of devils, Not until Satan falls silent will we lay down our guns Before your eyes newspapers and books, weapons in hands.","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45385385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Placing Capitalism at the Service of Socialism: Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko's Unpublished \"Notes on America\"","authors":"Donald J. Raleigh","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42713253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In post-Soviet decades, World War II loomed large as the central element in Russia’s historical myth of national greatness. The heroic narrative of the war has been promoted by the state and used to justify the regime’s current political aims.1 At the same time, historical research on the war, which benefited greatly from the “archival revolution,” did a lot to undermine this historical myth while presenting a much more ambivalent picture of the Soviet war effort. Not only experiences on the battlefield but increasingly life and work on the home front became the subject of critical analysis.2 While the
{"title":"Everyday Life, Work, and Survival on the Soviet Home Front in World War II","authors":"L. Novikova","doi":"10.1353/kri.2023.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0009","url":null,"abstract":"In post-Soviet decades, World War II loomed large as the central element in Russia’s historical myth of national greatness. The heroic narrative of the war has been promoted by the state and used to justify the regime’s current political aims.1 At the same time, historical research on the war, which benefited greatly from the “archival revolution,” did a lot to undermine this historical myth while presenting a much more ambivalent picture of the Soviet war effort. Not only experiences on the battlefield but increasingly life and work on the home front became the subject of critical analysis.2 While the","PeriodicalId":45639,"journal":{"name":"KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46453172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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