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Haunted by (Ontological) Ancestors and Bodies in Precarity: Religious Education Confronts Ontological Terror, Biopower, and Necropolitics 不稳定中的(本体论)祖先和身体:宗教教育面对本体论恐怖、生物权力和死亡政治
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2140898
C. Baldelomar
Abstract An expansive understanding of ancestors is integral to the opening of imaginative spaces for religious education—particularly in university and adult faith formation settings—to grapple deeply with contexts of precarity and the hopelessness such contexts breed. More specifically, this essay considers how hauntings by one’s past selves (“ontological ancestors”) and by enfleshed others living in precarity can lead to sustained compassion and praxis in response to ontological terror, biopower, and necropolitics. Such hauntings are possible through continual unlearning and dislodging of one’s very self through practices such as askēsis and rhizomatic identity formation. Once these practices become central, religious education can foster possibilities for honest engagements with and deep compassion for present (hopeless) realities and the experiences of bodies in precarity.
对祖先的广泛理解对于宗教教育想象力空间的开放是不可或缺的——特别是在大学和成人信仰形成的环境中——以深刻地应对这种不稳定的环境和这种环境所滋生的绝望。更具体地说,这篇文章考虑了一个人过去的自我(“本体论的祖先”)和生活在不稳定中的肉体他人如何导致持续的同情和实践,以应对本体论的恐怖、生物权力和死亡政治。通过askēsis和根状身份形成等实践,不断地忘却和驱逐你的自我,这样的幽灵是可能的。一旦这些实践成为核心,宗教教育就可以培养对当前(无望的)现实和不稳定的身体体验的诚实参与和深切同情的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Reading the Bible, Learning Ourselves: A Contextual Bible Study with Culturally Hybrid Youth 读圣经,学习我们自己:一个文化混合青年的圣经研究
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2137663
Peter H. Cariaga
Abstract While the resources for biblical interpretation are multiplying, there are no current models for reading biblical texts in community with culturally hybrid persons. Contextual Bible Study (CBS) presents a pedagogical framework to help fill the gap. This article offers an overview of CBS as well as a case study that looks at a reading community (a specific group of culturally hybrid young adults) that uses a relevant experience (migration-related grief) to interpret a resonant text (Lamentations 1).
虽然圣经解释的资源正在成倍增加,但目前还没有一种模式可以在文化混合的群体中阅读圣经文本。上下文圣经研究(CBS)提出了一个教学框架来帮助填补这一空白。本文提供了CBS的概述,以及一个案例研究,该案例研究着眼于一个阅读社区(一群文化混合的年轻人),该社区使用相关经验(与移民相关的悲伤)来解释一个共鸣的文本(哀歌1)。
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引用次数: 0
Debt of Gratitude to Religious Education Ancestors 对宗教教育祖先的感恩
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2148415
Hosffman Ospino
We stand on the shoulders of giants: teachers, mentors, pastors, imams, rabbis, faith educators, prophets, scholars, spiritual leaders, pioneers, elders, missionaries, artists, writers, caretakers of creation, and many others whose flame of faith burns in our minds and hearts. We also stand on the shoulders of faith educators who raised critical questions, challenged the status quo, thought outside the box, risked excommunication and exile, and—knowingly or unknowingly—delved into the world of heresy, because they forced us to think about our faith more clearly. They all are our ancestors. It is difficult to imagine any form of religious education scholarship and praxis that ignores the contributions of those past believers who dared to journey with their communities attempting to make sense of the holy in their lives. We are who we are, we believe what we believe, largely because our ancestors received a faith tradition with trusting openness, interpreted it in light of their particular experience, and then passed it on to the next generation. Today we receive those faith traditions and are charged with the responsibility of doing likewise: to interpret them in light of our own particular experiences, then pass them onto the next generations. One day, tomorrow, tomorrow’s tomorrow, we will be called ancestors on the journey of faith. Any reflection about ancestors thrusts us inevitably into the question of how we ought to relate to them. Individual believers and entire faith communities in our day do not always agree on this question. Many believers find comfort trusting their ancestors and the traditions they espoused as givens, often accepting at face value their words as well as their vision for what they assumed being a person of faith was about. Many others feel gratitude toward their ancestors for passing on the faith, yet do not hesitate to assert their conscientious right to receive such faith with a critical lens and the freedom to embrace it on their own terms. These believers, young and old, seem to espouse an attitude that I venture to call “engaged irreverence.” Although the number of people who self-identify as non-religiously affiliated has increased dramatically throughout the world, and many people have simply stopped believing, our contemporary irreverently engaged generation has not necessarily discarded religion altogether. Many a declaration of the “death of God” or the “end of religion” is usually followed by the fervent announcement that “God is back,” then ensuing bouts of spiritual revival. Religious educators often find ourselves amidst this tension. We have the responsibility to accompany these communities receiving the wisdom of their ancestors while finding ways to help them navigate their relationship with what has been received and those from whom they received it. Discerning how to relate to ancestors also demands that we inquire who are the ancestors we honor and privilege, which we have ignored, who we chose to
我们站在巨人的肩膀上:老师、导师、牧师、伊玛目、拉比、信仰教育家、先知、学者、精神领袖、先驱、长老、传教士、艺术家、作家、创造的守护者,以及其他许多人,他们的信仰之火在我们的思想和心灵中燃烧。我们也站在信仰教育者的肩膀上,他们提出了批判性的问题,挑战现状,跳出固有的思维模式,冒着被逐出教会和流放的风险,有意或无意地深入到异端的世界,因为他们迫使我们更清楚地思考我们的信仰。他们都是我们的祖先。很难想象任何形式的宗教教育、学术和实践都会忽视那些敢于与他们的社区一起旅行、试图在他们的生活中理解神圣的过去的信徒的贡献。我们是我们自己,我们相信我们所相信的,很大程度上是因为我们的祖先接受了一种信仰传统,以信任的开放态度,根据他们的特殊经历来解释它,然后把它传给下一代。今天,我们接受这些信仰传统,并承担着同样的责任:根据我们自己的特殊经历来解释它们,然后将它们传递给下一代。有一天,明天,明天的明天,我们将在信仰的旅途上被称为祖先。任何关于祖先的思考都不可避免地把我们推入一个问题:我们应该如何与他们建立关系。在我们这个时代,个别信徒和整个信仰团体在这个问题上并不总是意见一致。许多信徒相信他们的祖先和他们所信奉的传统是理所当然的,他们常常从表面上接受他们的话语,以及他们所认为的作为一个有信仰的人的愿景。还有许多人对祖先传承的信仰心存感激,但他们毫不犹豫地坚持自己的良心权利,以批判的眼光接受这种信仰,并以自己的方式自由地接受它。这些信徒,无论老少,似乎都拥护一种我冒昧地称之为“虔诚的不敬”的态度。尽管在世界范围内,自认为无宗教信仰的人数急剧增加,许多人干脆不再信仰宗教,但我们这一代不虔诚的信徒并不一定完全放弃宗教。许多宣告“上帝的死亡”或“宗教的终结”之后,通常都是热切地宣告“上帝回来了”,然后是精神上的复兴。宗教教育者经常发现自己处于这种紧张之中。我们有责任陪伴这些社区接受他们祖先的智慧,同时找到方法帮助他们处理与所接受的以及从他们那里接受的人之间的关系。辨别如何与祖先联系,还要求我们询问哪些祖先是我们尊敬和特权的,哪些是我们忽视的,哪些是我们因为某种形式的偏见而选择边缘化的,哪些是我们仍然需要会见的。这样的探究要求宗教教育者彼此之间,以及与来自其他领域的同事和教会和社会外围的声音进行诚实的对话。在我们这样做的同时,我们必须谦卑地保持开放,以便作出必要的纠正。2022年宗教教育协会年会的主题是“做好祖先:勇敢共创”。来自各大洲的宗教教育学者聚集在一起,用一周的时间进行祈祷和反思
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引用次数: 0
Can the Ancestors Speak? Religious Education, Who and How 祖先会说话吗?宗教教育,谁和如何
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2131289
Patrick B. Reyes
Abstract Can the ancestors speak? For the 2022 annual meeting of the Religious Education Association (REA), themed “Becoming Good Ancestors,” an essential question is, “can the ancestors speak?” To answer this question, the presidential address seeks to uncover: who are the REA’s ancestors? Where are they speaking? What is the guild’s role in forming good ancestors? The address claims that not all ancestors can communicate their knowledge in the guild’s current form, ways of gathering, or ways of forming scholars. Yet, there is potential in the REA’s work to be more inclusive of our many ancestral lineages.
祖先会说话吗?在以“成为好祖先”为主题的2022年宗教教育协会(REA)年会上,一个重要问题是“祖先会说话吗?”为了回答这个问题,总统演讲试图揭示:谁是REA的祖先?他们在哪里说话?公会在形成好祖先的过程中扮演什么角色?这篇演讲声称,并不是所有的祖先都能以公会目前的形式、聚集方式或形成学者的方式交流他们的知识。然而,REA的工作有可能更加包容我们的许多祖先血统。
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引用次数: 1
Liberation, (De)Coloniality, and Liturgical Practices: Flipping the Song Bird 解放,(去)殖民,和礼仪实践:翻转歌鸟
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2129285
Kelly Colwell
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引用次数: 0
Temporal Mind Mapping 时间思维导图
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2112839
J. Mercer
From time to time, I look back into the archives of this journal to see what folks were writing about ten or twenty or fifty years ago. It helps me to keep some perspective on the present. For instance, I often discover that the things that seem to be urgent new issues for today are instead new points of view from this different time-context on matters that have been important to religious education scholars and practitioners across many decades. Such discoveries do not make the present-day issues any less significant. Nor are the arguments made by contemporary authors any less original or interesting by virtue of being further developments of an earlier line of thinking rather than completely novel ideas. Instead, I find that it deepens my understanding to be able to see the contours of a discussion as it takes place across the years, as I engage in a type of temporal “mind-mapping”—drawing connections between a network of connected yet diverse ideas that have flourished over time. Here is an example. Way back in 1909, George E. Dawson raised the question in this journal regarding what religious education might gain from engaging “the biological sciences” (Dawson 1909, 438). Suggesting that in religious educational work with adolescents, “biological material drawn from neurology and psychology could be introduced,” Dawson went on to say that “the more practical facts bearing upon the nature of the brain and nervous system; their relation to the feelings, intellect and will ... might be presented either in occasional [sic] separate lessons, or in connection with material drawn from the Bible” (Dawson 1909, 440). Fast forward to 1993, when Jerry Larsen’s article (Larsen 1993), “Religious Education and the Brain: On Letting Cognitive Science Inform Religious Education,” charted the functions of various brain regions, asking, “Might knowledge of the brain inform us in religious education? Could it tell us something about the religious educator’s agenda and methods? Wouldn’t we be wise to let cognitive science inform us?” Nearly a decade after Larson’s queries, the REA’s annual meeting, under the leadership of then President-Elect Dean Blevins, explored the theme, “Brain Matters: Neuroscience, Creativity and Diversity.” The 2012 issue of the journal in which selected conference papers and addresses appear from that meeting (107:4) includes a fascinating array of research in our field in which forays into neuroscience opened new perspectives for religious education. One of the presenters in the 2012 meeting, Mary Hess, in her published conference paper (Hess 2012) provided an example of what Dawson asked for in 1909, albeit one hundred and three volume-years later in the journal. Hess, drawing on the work of her own historical moment’s contemporary brain research, described recent developments in knowledge about mechanisms within the human brain that allow for the experience of empathy. Mirror neurons give an observer access to the experience of anoth
我不时地翻看这本杂志的档案,看看人们在10年、20年或50年前写了些什么。它帮助我对现在保持一些看法。例如,我经常发现,在今天看来似乎是紧迫的新问题,实际上是来自不同时代背景的新观点,而这些观点对几十年来宗教教育学者和实践者来说一直很重要。这些发现并没有降低当今问题的重要性。当代作家的论点也不会因为是早期思想的进一步发展而不是完全新颖的观点而失去原创性或趣味性。相反,我发现它加深了我的理解,因为我能够看到多年来讨论的轮廓,因为我参与了一种暂时的“思维导图”——在随着时间的推移而蓬勃发展的相互联系但又不同的思想网络之间绘制联系。这里有一个例子。早在1909年,George E. Dawson就在本刊中提出了一个问题,即宗教教育可能从参与“生物科学”中获得什么(Dawson 1909, 438)。道森建议,在青少年的宗教教育工作中,“可以引入来自神经学和心理学的生物材料,”他接着说,“与大脑和神经系统的本质有关的更实际的事实;它们与感情、智力和意志的关系……可能会出现在偶尔的[原文如此]单独的课程中,或者与圣经中的材料联系在一起”(Dawson 1909, 440)。快进到1993年,杰里·拉森的文章《宗教教育和大脑:让认知科学为宗教教育提供信息》(Larsen 1993)绘制了不同大脑区域的功能图,并问道:“大脑的知识是否可以为宗教教育提供信息?”它能告诉我们一些关于宗教教育者的议程和方法吗?让认知科学来告诉我们不是更明智吗?”拉森提出质疑近十年后,在当时当选总统迪恩·布莱文斯(Dean Blevins)的领导下,REA的年度会议探讨了“大脑问题:神经科学、创造力和多样性”这一主题。2012年出版的这期杂志精选了那次会议的论文和演讲(107:4),其中包括我们这个领域一系列引人入胜的研究,其中对神经科学的探索为宗教教育开辟了新的视角。2012年会议的一位演讲者玛丽·赫斯(Mary Hess)在她发表的会议论文(Hess 2012)中提供了道森在1909年提出的要求的一个例子,尽管这是在103卷年后的期刊上。赫斯根据她自己的历史时刻的当代大脑研究工作,描述了最近关于人类大脑机制的知识发展,这些机制允许移情体验。镜像神经元通过将观察者观察到的另一个人的行为模式映射到观察者的运动神经元上,使观察者能够接触到另一个人的经历,因此观察者的大脑实际上“体验”了另一个人的实际经历,即使没有和他们一起做。赫斯指出,像丹尼尔·斯特恩这样的神经科学家认为,这些镜像神经元因此在移情的发展中起着关键作用,而移情无疑是培养信仰形成的重要特征。赫斯认为,镜像神经元这一科学知识对宗教形成的影响贯穿始终
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引用次数: 0
Reciprocal Church: Becoming a Community Where Faith Flourishes Beyond High School 互惠教会:成为一个信仰在高中之后蓬勃发展的社区
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2110735
T. O’Keefe
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引用次数: 1
Godly Play Went Home: An Exploratory Study of the Experience of Godly Play in Homes during the Covid-19 Pandemic through the Lens of Caregivers 虔诚的玩耍回家了:从照顾者的角度对Covid-19大流行期间家中虔诚玩耍的体验进行探索性研究
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2101814
Cheryl V. Minor, Hannah Sutton-Adams
Abstract This study explored caregivers’ experiences of virtual Godly Play in the United States, South Korea, and the UK during COVID-19 lockdowns. Thematic analysis of thirty-three caregiver surveys and six semi-structured interviews revealed four themes: support/community, intergenerational Godly Play, spiritual maintenance and growth for the family, and the gift of wonder. This study shows that the experience of Godly Play at home during the pandemic benefited caregivers. As the pandemic subsides and we return to child-centered programming in churches, this study highlights the importance of including and equipping caregivers in nurturing their children’s spirituality.
本研究探讨了美国、韩国和英国在COVID-19封锁期间看护者对虚拟敬虔游戏的体验。对33个护理者调查和6个半结构化访谈的主题分析揭示了四个主题:支持/社区,代际敬虔游戏,家庭的精神维护和成长,以及奇迹的礼物。这项研究表明,大流行期间在家玩“敬虔游戏”的经历使护理人员受益。随着疫情的消退,我们回到以儿童为中心的教会项目,这项研究强调了包括和装备照顾者在培养孩子的灵性方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching Race, Colonialism, and Theology in a Joint Project in North America and Africa: Insights from the Project 在北美和非洲的一个联合项目中教授种族、殖民主义和神学:来自该项目的见解
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2097989
C. H. Rich, R. Ward Holder, Aubrey Scheopner Torres
Abstract How do race and lived experiences of this construct impact student theological understandings? We embarked on a joint pedagogical venture spanning two continents about race and theology with groups of students whose encounters with race and its impacts on theology were markedly different—including students whose lives and education have been formed by colonialism and its continuing legacies, and students whose grasp of theological systems had hardly addressed the effects of racism on theology. In this article, we share what we learned and offer recommendations for others looking to use this as a model.
种族和生活经历如何影响学生对神学的理解?我们开始了一项跨越两个大陆的关于种族和神学的联合教学冒险,与那些与种族及其对神学的影响有明显不同的学生群体一起——包括那些生活和教育受到殖民主义及其持续遗产影响的学生,以及那些对神学系统的掌握几乎没有解决种族主义对神学影响的学生。在本文中,我们将分享我们所学到的知识,并为希望将其用作模型的其他人提供建议。
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引用次数: 0
An Exploratory Study of Students’ Academic Entitlement in Arabic Culture and Religion Courses 阿拉伯文化与宗教课程学生学术权利探究
IF 0.7 3区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/00344087.2022.2097987
M. Pilotti, H. Mulhem, Omar J. El-Moussa
Abstract Academic entitlement (AE) is the expectation of academic success without the recognition, exercised through thought and action, of personal responsibility for attaining that success. In the present exploratory study, we examined the extent to which AE is present in female college students enrolled in Arabic culture and religious courses at a Middle Eastern university with a secular curriculum. The study also examined whether AE accounted for poor course performance. Arabic culture and religious courses promote inner modesty. Such courses, however, exist in a society with contradictory values, with Islam and tribal traditions promoting modesty and unity while capitalistic forces promote immodesty and competition through unfettered marketing and consumption. Although evidence of AE was minimal, overall less endorsement of AE emerged as students moved from earlier to later courses, gaining academic experience. Specific aspects of AE were found to be related to lower course performance. The procedure of this study and its findings can serve as a roadmap to implement proactive interventions for students enrolled in such courses.
学术权利(AE)是对学术成功的期望,而没有通过思想和行动来认识到实现这一成功的个人责任。在本探索性研究中,我们考察了在一所中东大学的世俗课程中,选修阿拉伯文化和宗教课程的女大学生中AE的存在程度。该研究还调查了AE是否导致课程表现不佳。阿拉伯文化和宗教课程提倡内心的谦逊。然而,这些课程存在于一个价值观相互矛盾的社会中,伊斯兰教和部落传统提倡谦虚和团结,而资本主义力量通过不受约束的营销和消费提倡不谦虚和竞争。尽管AE的证据很少,但随着学生从较早的课程转到较晚的课程,获得学术经验,对AE的认可总体上减少了。AE的某些方面被发现与较低的课程表现有关。本研究的程序和结果可作为实施积极干预的路线图,为学生参加这类课程。
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引用次数: 0
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