{"title":"Allah: God in the Qur’an. By Gabriel Said Reynolds. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2020. Pp. 344. $30 (cloth).","authors":"Adam Flowers","doi":"10.1086/715834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/715834","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47115821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Among the sandstone talatat, Akhenaten’s standard build ing blocks (c. 52 ́ 26 ́ 22 cm) from Karnak, there is an intriguing series describing Akhenaten and Nefer titi’s toilette assisted by male attendants with shaved heads. The blocks were extracted from the ninth py lon of Karnak and belong to a monument built in east Karnak during the first part of Amenhotep IV/Akhen aten’s reign (c. 1350 bc), the RwD mnw n Itn r nHH, “Enduring is the monument of/for Aten forever” (the name RwD mnw appears in the epithets of Aten above the scenes, as the locus of Aten’s “residence”). The scenes on this edifice were the last carved in Karnak before the King’s move to Akhetaten, the new domain of Aten and royal residence in Middle Egypt. This fact is evinced by the original inscription on reliefs of the RwD mnw, associating the first version of Aten’s cartouches and epithets (in use since Year 4) with the new royal names of Akhenaten (Nfrxprwra Wanra Axnitn, introduced in Year 5) and Nefertiti (Nfrnfrwitn Nfrtity, used since Year 5– 6).1 The RwD mnw was part of the Gm pA Itn (“Found
在距离卡纳克（Karnak）52́26́22厘米的阿肯那顿（Akhenaten）的标准建筑块砂岩塔拉塔（talatat）中，有一个有趣的系列描述了阿肯那滕和内弗蒂蒂（Nefertiti）在剃光头的男性服务员的协助下如厕。这些区块取自卡纳克的第九个皮隆，属于阿蒙霍特普四世/阿肯阿滕统治时期（约公元前1350年）在卡纳克东部建造的一座纪念碑，即RwD mnw n Itn r nHH，“持久是阿滕的纪念碑”（RwD mn w这个名字出现在场景上方阿滕的绰号中，作为阿滕“住所”的所在地）。这座建筑上的场景是国王搬到阿滕的新领地阿赫塔滕和埃及中部的王室住所之前在卡纳克最后雕刻的。这一事实从RwD mnw浮雕上的原始铭文中得到了证明，将阿滕的第一个版本（自4年起使用）与阿肯那顿（第5年引入的Nfrxprwra Wanra Axnitn）和奈弗提提（第5-6年使用的Nfrnfrwitn Nfrtity）的新王室名称联系起来
{"title":"Akhenaten and Nefertiti’s Morning Toilette in Karnak","authors":"Arlette David, Robert Vergnieux","doi":"10.1086/716205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/716205","url":null,"abstract":"Among the sandstone talatat, Akhenaten’s standard build ing blocks (c. 52 ́ 26 ́ 22 cm) from Karnak, there is an intriguing series describing Akhenaten and Nefer titi’s toilette assisted by male attendants with shaved heads. The blocks were extracted from the ninth py lon of Karnak and belong to a monument built in east Karnak during the first part of Amenhotep IV/Akhen aten’s reign (c. 1350 bc), the RwD mnw n Itn r nHH, “Enduring is the monument of/for Aten forever” (the name RwD mnw appears in the epithets of Aten above the scenes, as the locus of Aten’s “residence”). The scenes on this edifice were the last carved in Karnak before the King’s move to Akhetaten, the new domain of Aten and royal residence in Middle Egypt. This fact is evinced by the original inscription on reliefs of the RwD mnw, associating the first version of Aten’s cartouches and epithets (in use since Year 4) with the new royal names of Akhenaten (Nfrxprwra Wanra Axnitn, introduced in Year 5) and Nefertiti (Nfrnfrwitn Nfrtity, used since Year 5– 6).1 The RwD mnw was part of the Gm pA Itn (“Found","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"245 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49365936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Hittite Gilgamesh. By Gary Beckman. The Journal of Cuneiform Studies Supplemental Series 6. Atlanta: Lockwood Press for the American Schools of Oriental Research, 2019. Pp. xv + 95. $59.95 (cloth).","authors":"R. H. Beal","doi":"10.1086/716036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/716036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47786890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abydos: The Sacred Land at the Western Horizon. Edited by Ilona Regulski. British Museum Publications on Egypt and Sudan 8. Leuven: Peeters, 2019. Pp. x + 339 + 183 figures + 56 plates + 3 tables + 2 appendices. 120€.","authors":"C. Geisen","doi":"10.1086/715994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/715994","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49468318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Wayside Shrine in Northern Moab: Excavations in Wadi ath-Thamad. Edited by P. M. Michèle Daviau and Margreet L. Steiner. Wadi Ath-Thamad Project I. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2017. Pp. 272 + 120 figures + 1 plate. £60 (cloth).","authors":"Diederik J. H. Halbertsma","doi":"10.1086/716058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/716058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46560839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article deals with the socio-political dimension of public space in 13th-century bc Ugarit, with a particular focus on the city’s squares. Ugarit, located on the Syrian seacoast immediately north of modern Lattakia, is one of the best-documented towns in the ancient Levant and a touchstone case-study for urban design. In the following, I explore how urban space intersects with the events of the 13th century, when Ugarit was a thriving capital governed by a monarch who was a vassal to the Hittite Empire. Today, the correlation between urban design and governance in ancient cities is increasingly investigated using an “archaeopolitical” approach.1 According to
{"title":"Urban Squares in Late Bronze Age Ugarit: a Street View on Ancient Near Eastern Governance","authors":"Alessandra Gilibert","doi":"10.1086/716076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/716076","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the socio-political dimension of public space in 13th-century bc Ugarit, with a particular focus on the city’s squares. Ugarit, located on the Syrian seacoast immediately north of modern Lattakia, is one of the best-documented towns in the ancient Levant and a touchstone case-study for urban design. In the following, I explore how urban space intersects with the events of the 13th century, when Ugarit was a thriving capital governed by a monarch who was a vassal to the Hittite Empire. Today, the correlation between urban design and governance in ancient cities is increasingly investigated using an “archaeopolitical” approach.1 According to","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"377 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45941246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Letters from the early Christian communities of Egypt, written in Greek and later also in the Coptic lan guage, are known in their thousands. Scholarship has approached them at various scales: individual pieces chosen for interest or importance; larger archives writ ten by or to particular individuals; and, at the broad est level, letters as a genre.1 Broader studies of letters can themselves roughly be divided into two types. The first is grammatical, particularly consideration of for
{"title":"Send Them to Me by This Little One: Child Letter-carriers in Coptic Texts from Late Antique and Early Islamic Egypt","authors":"Benjamin Hinson","doi":"10.1086/715988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/715988","url":null,"abstract":"Letters from the early Christian communities of Egypt, written in Greek and later also in the Coptic lan guage, are known in their thousands. Scholarship has approached them at various scales: individual pieces chosen for interest or importance; larger archives writ ten by or to particular individuals; and, at the broad est level, letters as a genre.1 Broader studies of letters can themselves roughly be divided into two types. The first is grammatical, particularly consideration of for","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"275 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48026344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Salvation and Hell in Classical Islamic Thought: Can Allah Save Us All? By Marco Demichelis. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2018. Pp. viii + 229. $84.00 (cloth).","authors":"Todd Lawson","doi":"10.1086/716074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/716074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48973879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The verbal stems in Biblical Hebrew are morphologically distinct and tend to be semantically distinct as well. One stem, the qal, is morphologically and semantically basic. It has no formal augments and expresses “the largest possible array of semantic values.”1 The qal is unmarked in both form and function.2 In contrast, the other stems are derived. Each is identifiable by one or more characteristic affix. Further, “[i]t is well-known that such formal basic-derived relationships typically correlate with similar semantic relationships: The formally derived (or marked) words are generally also semantically derived in that they have some additional meaning element that is lacking in the formally basic (or unmarked) word.”3 Apart from any irregular semantic change inherent in the derivational
{"title":"Reflexivity: The Cases of the Niphal and Hithpael","authors":"W. Garr","doi":"10.1086/715888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/715888","url":null,"abstract":"The verbal stems in Biblical Hebrew are morphologically distinct and tend to be semantically distinct as well. One stem, the qal, is morphologically and semantically basic. It has no formal augments and expresses “the largest possible array of semantic values.”1 The qal is unmarked in both form and function.2 In contrast, the other stems are derived. Each is identifiable by one or more characteristic affix. Further, “[i]t is well-known that such formal basic-derived relationships typically correlate with similar semantic relationships: The formally derived (or marked) words are generally also semantically derived in that they have some additional meaning element that is lacking in the formally basic (or unmarked) word.”3 Apart from any irregular semantic change inherent in the derivational","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"341 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47903538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mittani Palaeography. By Zenobia S. Homan. Cuneiform Monographs 48. Leiden: Brill, 2019. Pp. xvi + 396 + figures. 164€/$197 (cloth).","authors":"Yoram Cohen","doi":"10.1086/715886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/715886","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42820053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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