Pub Date : 2015-02-16DOI: 10.1080/13642529.2015.1008799
Twyla Wolfe, Sukanya Ray
This study examined gender differences in resilience and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among adults exposed to a range of traumatic events (i.e., events in interpersonal, work/financial, health and bereavement areas). A total of 175 adults (aged between 18 and 52 years) who had experienced a traumatic event in one or more of these areas within the past 2 years completed questionnaires on the impact of the traumatic event (event centrality), individual factors (mastery, coping style), social factors (social support) and positive adaptation (resilience and PTG). Results for the total sample indicated that greater event centrality and use of ineffective coping were negative predictors of resilience, while emotion-focused coping was a positive predictor of resilience. Event centrality, emotion-focused coping and social support were positive predictors of PTG. Some gender differences emerged, such as the finding that event centrality negatively predicted resilience in women, but not in men. Implications and directions for further research are discussed.
{"title":"The role of event centrality, coping and social support in resilience and posttraumatic growth among women and men","authors":"Twyla Wolfe, Sukanya Ray","doi":"10.1080/13642529.2015.1008799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13642529.2015.1008799","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined gender differences in resilience and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among adults exposed to a range of traumatic events (i.e., events in interpersonal, work/financial, health and bereavement areas). A total of 175 adults (aged between 18 and 52 years) who had experienced a traumatic event in one or more of these areas within the past 2 years completed questionnaires on the impact of the traumatic event (event centrality), individual factors (mastery, coping style), social factors (social support) and positive adaptation (resilience and PTG). Results for the total sample indicated that greater event centrality and use of ineffective coping were negative predictors of resilience, while emotion-focused coping was a positive predictor of resilience. Event centrality, emotion-focused coping and social support were positive predictors of PTG. Some gender differences emerged, such as the finding that event centrality negatively predicted resilience in women, but not in men. Implications and directions for further research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"17 1","pages":"78 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13642529.2015.1008799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60051807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-15DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.999455
Blair K. Sanning, L. Nabors
Anxiety disorders in the preschool-age population can cause behavioral, social and community concerns. Identifying factors related to flourishing may limit long-term consequences related to the experience of anxiety. The first goal of this study was to examine a national data-set from the 2011/2012 National Survey of Children's Health to determine the frequency of caregivers reporting that their preschool-aged child (between 2 and 5 years) experienced anxiety. The second aim was to detect predictors related to caregiver perceptions of flourishing in children who were described as anxious. Flourishing was a composite measure that included curiosity about learning, resilience, attachment with a caregiver, experiencing contentment and overall positive health status. Findings indicated that 262 children were experiencing moderate to severe anxiety. A regression analyses was used to examine factors that could be related to well-being in children who were anxious. Results indicated that positive behavior and peer relationships were significant predictors of flourishing.
{"title":"Indicators of flourishing in anxious preschool-aged children","authors":"Blair K. Sanning, L. Nabors","doi":"10.1080/14623730.2014.999455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2014.999455","url":null,"abstract":"Anxiety disorders in the preschool-age population can cause behavioral, social and community concerns. Identifying factors related to flourishing may limit long-term consequences related to the experience of anxiety. The first goal of this study was to examine a national data-set from the 2011/2012 National Survey of Children's Health to determine the frequency of caregivers reporting that their preschool-aged child (between 2 and 5 years) experienced anxiety. The second aim was to detect predictors related to caregiver perceptions of flourishing in children who were described as anxious. Flourishing was a composite measure that included curiosity about learning, resilience, attachment with a caregiver, experiencing contentment and overall positive health status. Findings indicated that 262 children were experiencing moderate to severe anxiety. A regression analyses was used to examine factors that could be related to well-being in children who were anxious. Results indicated that positive behavior and peer relationships were significant predictors of flourishing.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"17 1","pages":"140 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14623730.2014.999455","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60310121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.999454
Tessa Hinshaw, S. Clift, S. Hulbert, P. Camic
This mixed-method study investigated the impact of a community group singing project on the psychological well-being of school children in the London area. Self-rated measures of psychological well-being and identity as a singer were administered to 60 children aged 7–11 at three time points. A teacher-rated measure of psychological difficulties was also administered. Finally, a sample of children sharing their experience of the project in focus groups and music teacher interviews were carried out. Quantitative data did not confirm the hypothesis that choir members' psychological well-being would increase following participation in the singing project; however, qualitative data provided evidence for a range of beneficial outcomes for participating children. Although group singing appears to be a positive experience for children who participate, findings suggest that the impact may be subtle for children with high levels of psychological well-being.
{"title":"Group singing and young people's psychological well-being","authors":"Tessa Hinshaw, S. Clift, S. Hulbert, P. Camic","doi":"10.1080/14623730.2014.999454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2014.999454","url":null,"abstract":"This mixed-method study investigated the impact of a community group singing project on the psychological well-being of school children in the London area. Self-rated measures of psychological well-being and identity as a singer were administered to 60 children aged 7–11 at three time points. A teacher-rated measure of psychological difficulties was also administered. Finally, a sample of children sharing their experience of the project in focus groups and music teacher interviews were carried out. Quantitative data did not confirm the hypothesis that choir members' psychological well-being would increase following participation in the singing project; however, qualitative data provided evidence for a range of beneficial outcomes for participating children. Although group singing appears to be a positive experience for children who participate, findings suggest that the impact may be subtle for children with high levels of psychological well-being.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"17 1","pages":"46 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14623730.2014.999454","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60310052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.995449
Vibeke Koushede, Line Nielsen, C. Meilstrup, R. Donovan
In response to recent calls for implementing mental health promotion (MHP) in Denmark, the Danish National Institute of Public Health undertook a perusal of existing MHP frameworks. While a small number of such frameworks exist, the Act-Belong-Commit campaign that originated in Western Australia, was the only comprehensive, population-wide program identified that had a strong evidence base, demonstrated success in implementation and universal principles of well-being. Following a successful funding application to the Ministry of Health, the National Institute for Public Health, is leading a partnership to implement the Act-Belong-Commit campaign in Denmark in 2015–2017. This article describes the Act-Belong-Commit campaign and its implementation in Australia and how the National Institute of Public Health plans to introduce the campaign into Denmark. It is hoped that our planning for Denmark will be helpful to other countries planning to adopt the Act-Belong-Commit campaign.
{"title":"From rhetoric to action: Adapting the Act-Belong-Commit Mental Health Promotion Programme to a Danish context","authors":"Vibeke Koushede, Line Nielsen, C. Meilstrup, R. Donovan","doi":"10.1080/14623730.2014.995449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2014.995449","url":null,"abstract":"In response to recent calls for implementing mental health promotion (MHP) in Denmark, the Danish National Institute of Public Health undertook a perusal of existing MHP frameworks. While a small number of such frameworks exist, the Act-Belong-Commit campaign that originated in Western Australia, was the only comprehensive, population-wide program identified that had a strong evidence base, demonstrated success in implementation and universal principles of well-being. Following a successful funding application to the Ministry of Health, the National Institute for Public Health, is leading a partnership to implement the Act-Belong-Commit campaign in Denmark in 2015–2017. This article describes the Act-Belong-Commit campaign and its implementation in Australia and how the National Institute of Public Health plans to introduce the campaign into Denmark. It is hoped that our planning for Denmark will be helpful to other countries planning to adopt the Act-Belong-Commit campaign.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"17 1","pages":"22 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14623730.2014.995449","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60310422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.995422
Kate Byrne, Iain W. McGowan, W. Cousins
Mental health literacy among the general public is poor; many people lack the skills to provide early intervention and suicide prevention strategies. ‘Mental Health First Aid’ (MHFA) is a 12-hour mental health promotion programme offering a tool kit and action plan supporting participants to engage with those experiencing a mental health difficulty. Exploring the MHFA model, this study aims to capture the views of experienced MHFA instructors, sharing their journey of programme delivery in Northern Ireland. A focus group of six instructors participated in a semi-structured recorded meeting, transcripts of which were analysed and key themes identified using a pragmatic approach to schematic content analysis. This study identifies and explores four themes: future roll out, instructor skills, challenges, networks and motivation. Results indicate that complex strategies are employed in delivering MHFA training, while the conclusion calls for the development of a mental health public awareness campaign and continuation of the MHFA programme.
{"title":"Delivering Mental Health First Aid: an exploration of instructors' views","authors":"Kate Byrne, Iain W. McGowan, W. Cousins","doi":"10.1080/14623730.2014.995422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2014.995422","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health literacy among the general public is poor; many people lack the skills to provide early intervention and suicide prevention strategies. ‘Mental Health First Aid’ (MHFA) is a 12-hour mental health promotion programme offering a tool kit and action plan supporting participants to engage with those experiencing a mental health difficulty. Exploring the MHFA model, this study aims to capture the views of experienced MHFA instructors, sharing their journey of programme delivery in Northern Ireland. A focus group of six instructors participated in a semi-structured recorded meeting, transcripts of which were analysed and key themes identified using a pragmatic approach to schematic content analysis. This study identifies and explores four themes: future roll out, instructor skills, challenges, networks and motivation. Results indicate that complex strategies are employed in delivering MHFA training, while the conclusion calls for the development of a mental health public awareness campaign and continuation of the MHFA programme.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"17 1","pages":"21 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14623730.2014.995422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60310249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.995423
P. Llewellyn, M. Richardson, Rhiannon Phillips
A group of people with lived experience of mental health problems explored the archived records of a defunct ‘Lunatic Asylum’ and reported on their findings. This was a participant-led project with researchers supported by a tutor and a member of the archive staff. Participants controlled the whole project, choosing their own areas of investigation and how they would study these. They also designed and delivered a presentation of their findings to the public. A focus group, held to evaluate the project, found that the ‘group’, as an entity, was vital to the success of the project, which has uncovered much information about the lives of mentally ill ‘patients’ in the nineteenth century. It has also given the participants valuable research experience. Their control over the study led to increased confidence and empowered participant-researchers to consider routes for progression and increased aspirations for the future which can include recovery.
{"title":"Parallel Lives – promoting recovery through participant-led research","authors":"P. Llewellyn, M. Richardson, Rhiannon Phillips","doi":"10.1080/14623730.2014.995423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2014.995423","url":null,"abstract":"A group of people with lived experience of mental health problems explored the archived records of a defunct ‘Lunatic Asylum’ and reported on their findings. This was a participant-led project with researchers supported by a tutor and a member of the archive staff. Participants controlled the whole project, choosing their own areas of investigation and how they would study these. They also designed and delivered a presentation of their findings to the public. A focus group, held to evaluate the project, found that the ‘group’, as an entity, was vital to the success of the project, which has uncovered much information about the lives of mentally ill ‘patients’ in the nineteenth century. It has also given the participants valuable research experience. Their control over the study led to increased confidence and empowered participant-researchers to consider routes for progression and increased aspirations for the future which can include recovery.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"17 1","pages":"34 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14623730.2014.995423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60310308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.963403
C. Potard, V. Kubiszewski, R. Fontaine, R. Pochon, E. Rusch, R. Courtois
The aim of this study was to investigate the link between suicidal ideation, psychological morbidity and experiences with peer violence (victim or perpetrator) among adolescents. This study examined direct and indirect violence separately. A sample of 361 high school students from France completed a self-administered survey consisting of the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the General Health Questionnaire. Indirect peer victimization experienced by girls and direct peer victimization experienced by boys were more strongly linked to suicidal thoughts. Indirect aggression was also related to suicidal ideation among boys only. Indirect victimization at school was linked to a drop in self-esteem, a factor strongly related to the level of suicidal ideation, particularly for boys. These findings show that adolescent peer violence must be given particular attention in educational institutions due to its links not only with suicidal ideation, but also more broadly with students’ psychological distress.
{"title":"Peer violence, mental health and suicidal ideation in a sample of French adolescent","authors":"C. Potard, V. Kubiszewski, R. Fontaine, R. Pochon, E. Rusch, R. Courtois","doi":"10.1080/14623730.2014.963403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2014.963403","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the link between suicidal ideation, psychological morbidity and experiences with peer violence (victim or perpetrator) among adolescents. This study examined direct and indirect violence separately. A sample of 361 high school students from France completed a self-administered survey consisting of the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the General Health Questionnaire. Indirect peer victimization experienced by girls and direct peer victimization experienced by boys were more strongly linked to suicidal thoughts. Indirect aggression was also related to suicidal ideation among boys only. Indirect victimization at school was linked to a drop in self-esteem, a factor strongly related to the level of suicidal ideation, particularly for boys. These findings show that adolescent peer violence must be given particular attention in educational institutions due to its links not only with suicidal ideation, but also more broadly with students’ psychological distress.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"16 1","pages":"267 - 278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14623730.2014.963403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60309795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.963402
Hermione J. Aston
This research gained the views of adolescents about mental health promotion in secondary schools in England, the UK. A flexible design, using self-contained focus group methodology explored views of 26 adolescents. A funnel approach structured five focus groups, each consisting of between three and eight adolescents. Semi-structured questions were asked in an informal, child-centred environment (Morgan, Gibbs, Maxwell, & Britten, 2002, Hearing children's voices: Methodological issues in conducting focus groups with children aged 7–11 years’, Qualitative Research,2, 5–20). A constructivist grounded theory analysis enabled categories and theory to emerge. Theoretical concepts were mapped onto an ecosystems model (Bronfenbrenner, 1979, The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press) resulting in an ecological framework for mental health promotion in school communities working at three levels: Macro, Meso and Micro. The research concludes that for schools to promote mental health, society and school communities need to provide active listening cultures and an inclusive ethos to embrace mental health promotion. A need arises for adults to have knowledge and understanding of child and adolescent development, identity and the importance of relationships.
{"title":"An ecological model of mental health promotion for school communities: adolescent views about mental health promotion in secondary schools in the UK","authors":"Hermione J. Aston","doi":"10.1080/14623730.2014.963402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2014.963402","url":null,"abstract":"This research gained the views of adolescents about mental health promotion in secondary schools in England, the UK. A flexible design, using self-contained focus group methodology explored views of 26 adolescents. A funnel approach structured five focus groups, each consisting of between three and eight adolescents. Semi-structured questions were asked in an informal, child-centred environment (Morgan, Gibbs, Maxwell, & Britten, 2002, Hearing children's voices: Methodological issues in conducting focus groups with children aged 7–11 years’, Qualitative Research,2, 5–20). A constructivist grounded theory analysis enabled categories and theory to emerge. Theoretical concepts were mapped onto an ecosystems model (Bronfenbrenner, 1979, The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press) resulting in an ecological framework for mental health promotion in school communities working at three levels: Macro, Meso and Micro. The research concludes that for schools to promote mental health, society and school communities need to provide active listening cultures and an inclusive ethos to embrace mental health promotion. A need arises for adults to have knowledge and understanding of child and adolescent development, identity and the importance of relationships.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"16 1","pages":"289 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14623730.2014.963402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60309600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.931068
G. Firdaus, Ateeque Ahmad
Urban environment has now been recognized as significant risk factor of depression; however, there remains a gap in the literature regarding specific stressors associated with urbanization. Therefore, the present study is designated to examine the strength of association between urban environment and depression in temporal manner, and to identify significant risk factors. A household survey based on a questionnaire was conducted in 2003 and 2013, covering 1326 and 1965 households, respectively, from 12 wards of Delhi, India, to procure household-level data. Prevalence of depression was measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The individual response rate within participating households was 88.3% in 2003, while it was 82.7% in 2013. During the period of study, the percentage of depressed people increased from 30.9% (2003) to 33.4% (2013). At the univariate level, significant confounders that were associated with depression were being female, unmarried and underemployed. The risk of being depressed due to inaccessibility to basic facilities reduced by − 1.5%, while fear of crime and reducing social support recorded a phenomenal increase of 31.1% and 14.4%, respectively, during the period of study. Within domain analysis, after adjusting for confounding factors, indoor noise pollution (OR 3.04, p < 0.001), overcrowding (OR 2.35, p < 0.001), increasing crime (OR 1.72, p < 0.001), less supportive neighbours (OR 1.16, p < 0.001) and lacking park/playground (OR 1.12, p < 0.001) remained significantly associated with being depressed. This study confirms an association between the urban environment and depression across a range of domains. This study highlights the need to intervene on both physical and social features of urban centres to promote mental well-being.
城市环境已被认为是抑郁症的重要危险因素;然而，关于与城市化相关的特定压力源的文献仍然存在空白。因此，本研究旨在考察城市环境与抑郁症之间的时间相关性，并找出显著的危险因素。2003年和2013年分别对印度德里12个区1326户和1965户家庭进行问卷调查，获取住户数据。使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表测量抑郁症的患病率。2003年参与住户的个人回应率为88.3%，2013年为82.7%。在研究期间，抑郁症患者的比例从30.9%(2003年)上升到33.4%(2013年)。在单变量水平上，与抑郁相关的显著混杂因素是女性、未婚和未充分就业。在研究期间，由于无法使用基本设施而患抑郁症的风险降低了- 1.5%，而对犯罪的恐惧和对社会支持的减少分别显著增加了31.1%和14.4%。在领域分析中，在调整了混杂因素后，室内噪音污染(OR 3.04, p < 0.001)、过度拥挤(OR 2.35, p < 0.001)、犯罪率上升(OR 1.72, p < 0.001)、邻居支持度降低(OR 1.16, p < 0.001)和缺乏公园/游乐场(OR 1.12, p < 0.001)仍与抑郁显著相关。这项研究证实了城市环境和抑郁之间在一系列领域的联系。这项研究强调了干预城市中心的物理和社会特征以促进心理健康的必要性。
{"title":"Temporal variation in risk factors and prevalence rate of depression in urban population: does the urban environment play a significant role?","authors":"G. Firdaus, Ateeque Ahmad","doi":"10.1080/14623730.2014.931068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2014.931068","url":null,"abstract":"Urban environment has now been recognized as significant risk factor of depression; however, there remains a gap in the literature regarding specific stressors associated with urbanization. Therefore, the present study is designated to examine the strength of association between urban environment and depression in temporal manner, and to identify significant risk factors. A household survey based on a questionnaire was conducted in 2003 and 2013, covering 1326 and 1965 households, respectively, from 12 wards of Delhi, India, to procure household-level data. Prevalence of depression was measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The individual response rate within participating households was 88.3% in 2003, while it was 82.7% in 2013. During the period of study, the percentage of depressed people increased from 30.9% (2003) to 33.4% (2013). At the univariate level, significant confounders that were associated with depression were being female, unmarried and underemployed. The risk of being depressed due to inaccessibility to basic facilities reduced by − 1.5%, while fear of crime and reducing social support recorded a phenomenal increase of 31.1% and 14.4%, respectively, during the period of study. Within domain analysis, after adjusting for confounding factors, indoor noise pollution (OR 3.04, p < 0.001), overcrowding (OR 2.35, p < 0.001), increasing crime (OR 1.72, p < 0.001), less supportive neighbours (OR 1.16, p < 0.001) and lacking park/playground (OR 1.12, p < 0.001) remained significantly associated with being depressed. This study confirms an association between the urban environment and depression across a range of domains. This study highlights the need to intervene on both physical and social features of urban centres to promote mental well-being.","PeriodicalId":45767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mental Health Promotion","volume":"16 1","pages":"279 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14623730.2014.931068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60309637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.964050
Heather Rowe, S. Calcagni, Sofia Galgut, J. Michelmore, J. Fisher
The postnatal period confers a high risk for anxiety in women, but few life stage-specific resources are available. This is despite public health policy recommendations for universal screening for mental health problems. Using the first two steps of the four-step United Kingdom Medical Research Council (UKMRC) guidance and with input from consumers, we developed and piloted a supported self-help psychoeducation resource for the management of syndromal or subsyndromal generalised postnatal anxiety. The theoretically sound What Am I Worried About (WAWA) resource uses cognitive behaviour therapy and mindfulness in a seven-module programme supported by a 30-min telephone consultation with a mental health professional during each module. Results of an open pilot confirm acceptability, safety, non-stigma, feasibility and preliminary efficacy. Subject to successful completion of Step 3 of the UKMRC guidance, WAWA can be provided for anxiety management to women in a stepped-care model in primary postnatal health services.
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