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Automated detection of learning stages and interaction difficulty from eye-tracking data within a mixed reality learning environmen 在混合现实学习环境中从眼动追踪数据中自动检测学习阶段和互动难度
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-07-2022-0129
O. Ogunseiju, Nihar J. Gonsalves, A. Akanmu, Yewande Abraham, C. Nnaji
PurposeConstruction companies are increasingly adopting sensing technologies like laser scanners, making it necessary to upskill the future workforce in this area. However, limited jobsite access hinders experiential learning of laser scanning, necessitating the need for an alternative learning environment. Previously, the authors explored mixed reality (MR) as an alternative learning environment for laser scanning, but to promote seamless learning, such learning environments must be proactive and intelligent. Toward this, the potentials of classification models for detecting user difficulties and learning stages in the MR environment were investigated in this study.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted machine learning classifiers on eye-tracking data and think-aloud data for detecting learning stages and interaction difficulties during the usability study of laser scanning in the MR environment.FindingsThe classification models demonstrated high performance, with neural network classifier showing superior performance (accuracy of 99.9%) during the detection of learning stages and an ensemble showing the highest accuracy of 84.6% for detecting interaction difficulty during laser scanning.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this study revealed that eye movement data possess significant information about learning stages and interaction difficulties and provide evidence of the potentials of smart MR environments for improved learning experiences in construction education. The research implication further lies in the potential of an intelligent learning environment for providing personalized learning experiences that often culminate in improved learning outcomes. This study further highlights the potential of such an intelligent learning environment in promoting inclusive learning, whereby students with different cognitive capabilities can experience learning tailored to their specific needs irrespective of their individual differences.Originality/valueThe classification models will help detect learners requiring additional support to acquire the necessary technical skills for deploying laser scanners in the construction industry and inform the specific training needs of users to enhance seamless interaction with the learning environment.
目的建筑公司越来越多地采用激光扫描仪等传感技术,这使得有必要提高该领域未来的劳动力技能。然而,有限的现场访问阻碍了激光扫描的体验式学习,因此需要一个替代的学习环境。此前,作者探索了混合现实(MR)作为激光扫描的替代学习环境,但要促进无缝学习,这种学习环境必须是主动和智能的。为此,本研究调查了分类模型在MR环境中检测用户困难和学习阶段的潜力。设计/方法/方法该研究在MR环境中激光扫描的可用性研究中,对眼睛跟踪数据和大声思考数据采用了机器学习分类器,以检测学习阶段和交互困难。发现分类模型表现出了高性能,神经网络分类器在检测学习阶段时表现出优异的性能(99.9%的准确率),集成分类器在检测激光扫描过程中的交互困难时表现出84.6%的最高准确率。研究局限性/含义本研究结果表明,眼动数据具有关于学习阶段和互动困难的重要信息,并为智能MR环境在建筑教育中改善学习体验的潜力提供了证据。研究的意义进一步在于智能学习环境的潜力,它可以提供个性化的学习体验,最终改善学习效果。这项研究进一步强调了这种智能学习环境在促进包容性学习方面的潜力,通过这种环境,具有不同认知能力的学生可以体验到针对其特定需求的学习,而不考虑其个人差异。独创性/价值分类模型将有助于发现需要额外支持的学习者,以获得在建筑行业部署激光扫描仪所需的技术技能,并告知用户的具体培训需求,以增强与学习环境的无缝互动。
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引用次数: 0
The green office environment: New Zealand workers' perception of IEQ 绿色办公环境:新西兰员工对IEQ的认知
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-09-2022-0204
E. Rasheed, J. Rotimi
PurposeAchieving an appropriate indoor environment quality (IEQ) is crucial to a green office environment. Whilst much research has been carried out across the globe on the ideal IEQ for green offices, little is known about which indoor environment New Zealand office workers prefer and regard as most appropriate. This study investigated New Zealand office workers' preference for a green environment.Design/methodology/approachWorkers were conveniently selected for a questionnaire survey study from two major cities in the country – Wellington and Auckland. The perception of 149 workers was analysed and discussed based on the workers' demographics. The responses to each question were analysed based on the mean, standard deviation, frequency of responses and difference in opinion.FindingsThe results showed that workers' preferences for an ideal IEQ in green work environments depend largely on demographics. New Zealand office workers prefer work environments to have more fresh air and rely on mixed-mode ventilation and lighting systems. Also New Zealand office workers like to have better acoustic quality with less distraction and background noise. Regarding temperature, workers prefer workspaces to be neither cooler nor warmer. Unique to New Zealand workers, the workers prefer to have some (not complete) individual control over the IEQ in offices.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was conducted in the summer season, which could have impacted the responses received. Also the sample size was limited to two major cities in the country. Further studies should be conducted in other regions and during different seasons.Practical implicationsThis study provides the opportunity for more studies in this area of research and highlights significant findings worthy of critical investigations. The results of this study benefit various stakeholders, such as facilities managers and workplace designers, and support proactive response approaches to achieving building occupants' preferences for an ideal work environment.Originality/valueThis study is the first research in New Zealand to explore worker preferences of IEQ that is not limited to a particular building, expanding the body of knowledge on workers' perception of the ideal work environment in the country.
目的实现适当的室内环境质量(IEQ)对绿色办公环境至关重要。尽管全球各地都对绿色办公室的理想IEQ进行了大量研究,但对于新西兰上班族更喜欢并认为哪种室内环境最合适,人们知之甚少。这项研究调查了新西兰上班族对绿色环境的偏好。设计/方法/方法从惠灵顿和奥克兰这两个主要城市方便地选择了工人进行问卷调查研究。根据工人的人口统计数据,对149名工人的看法进行了分析和讨论。根据平均值、标准差、回答频率和意见差异对每个问题的回答进行了分析。结果表明,在绿色工作环境中,工人对理想IEQ的偏好在很大程度上取决于人口统计。新西兰的上班族更喜欢有更多新鲜空气的工作环境,并依赖混合模式的通风和照明系统。此外,新西兰的上班族喜欢拥有更好的音质,减少分心和背景噪音。关于温度,工人们更喜欢既不凉爽也不温暖的工作场所。对于新西兰员工来说,他们更喜欢对办公室的IEQ进行一些(不完全)个人控制。研究局限性/含义这项研究是在夏季进行的,可能会影响收到的回复。此外,样本量仅限于该国的两个主要城市。应在其他地区和不同季节进行进一步研究。实际意义这项研究为这一研究领域的更多研究提供了机会,并突出了值得批判性研究的重要发现。这项研究的结果有利于各种利益相关者,如设施经理和工作场所设计师,并支持积极主动的应对方法,以实现建筑居住者对理想工作环境的偏好。独创性/价值这项研究是新西兰第一项探索工人对IEQ的偏好的研究,该偏好不局限于特定的建筑,扩展了工人对该国理想工作环境感知的知识体系。
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引用次数: 2
A machine learning approach for predicting critical factors determining adoption of offsite construction in Nigeria 用于预测尼日利亚采用非现场施工的关键因素的机器学习方法
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-06-2022-0113
G. Wusu, H. Alaka, W. Yusuf, Iofis Mporas, L. Toriola-Coker, Raphael Oseghale
PurposeSeveral factors influence OSC adoption, but extant literature did not articulate the dominant barriers or drivers influencing adoption. Therefore, this research has not only ventured into analyzing the core influencing factors but has also employed one of the best-known predictive means, Machine Learning, to identify the most influencing OSC adoption factors.Design/methodology/approachThe research approach is deductive in nature, focusing on finding out the most critical factors through literature review and reinforcing — the factors through a 5- point Likert scale survey questionnaire. The responses received were tested for reliability before being run through Machine Learning algorithms to determine the most influencing OSC factors within the Nigerian Construction Industry (NCI).FindingsThe research outcome identifies seven (7) best-performing algorithms for predicting OSC adoption: Decision Tree, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbour, Extra-Trees, AdaBoost, Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network. It also reported finance, awareness, use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and belief in OSC as the main influencing factors.Research limitations/implicationsData were primarily collected among the NCI professionals/workers and the whole exercise was Nigeria region-based. The research outcome, however, provides a foundation for OSC adoption potential within Nigeria, Africa and beyond.Practical implicationsThe research concluded that with detailed attention paid to the identified factors, OSC usage could find its footing in Nigeria and, consequently, Africa. The models can also serve as a template for other regions where OSC adoption is being considered.Originality/valueThe research establishes the most effective algorithms for the prediction of OSC adoption possibilities as well as critical influencing factors to successfully adopting OSC within the NCI as a means to surmount its housing shortage.
有几个因素影响OSC的采用,但现有文献并没有阐明影响采用的主要障碍或驱动因素。因此,本研究不仅大胆地分析了核心影响因素,而且还采用了最著名的预测手段之一——机器学习,来确定最具影响力的OSC采用因素。设计/方法/方法研究方法本质上是演绎法,重点是通过文献综述找出最关键的因素,并通过5分李克特量表调查问卷加强这些因素。在通过机器学习算法确定尼日利亚建筑业(NCI)中最具影响力的OSC因素之前,对收到的回复进行了可靠性测试。研究结果确定了7种预测OSC采用的最佳算法:决策树、随机森林、k近邻、Extra-Trees、AdaBoost、支持向量机和人工神经网络。它还报告了财务、意识、建筑信息模型(BIM)的使用和对OSC的信念是主要的影响因素。研究的局限性/意义数据主要是在NCI专业人员/工作人员中收集的,整个工作是基于尼日利亚地区的。然而,研究结果为尼日利亚、非洲和其他地区采用OSC的潜力提供了基础。实际意义研究的结论是,通过对已确定的因素进行详细关注,OSC的使用可以在尼日利亚乃至非洲找到立足点。这些模型还可以作为正在考虑采用OSC的其他区域的模板。独创性/价值本研究建立了最有效的预测OSC采用可能性的算法,以及在NCI内成功采用OSC作为克服住房短缺的手段的关键影响因素。
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引用次数: 0
An evaluation of stakeholders' participation process in developing smart sustainable cities in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯利益相关者参与智能可持续城市发展过程的评估
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-08-2022-0170
Abood Khaled Alamoudi, R. Abidoye, Terence Y. M. Lam
PurposeThe smart sustainable cities (SSC) concept has a wide acknowledgement amongst governments and societies that deal with emerging technology and help in developing better urban communities. However, the fact that citizens' participation (CP) is not adherent to the current policies and governance often boosts their aspirations of decision-making to become smart cities. This paper aims to identify SSC variables and, more importantly, rank, categorise and discuss the factors towards implementing SSC by engaging, empowering and enabling citizens to participate in the urban development of SSC.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive literature review identified 38 factors in the CP process. Those factors were used to design an online questionnaire administered to the respondents. A total of 164 valid responses were collected. A two-stage statistical analysis was adopted. First, the Relative Importance Index (RII) was used to rank and prioritise the importance of the factors that affect the current policies and agenda. Second, factor analysis was utilised to categorise and group those factors.FindingsThis study founds four significant factors that help in implanting SSC: “knowledge of smart sustainable cities”, “awareness of smart sustainable cities”, “willingness of the citizens to participate” and “opinion on the current agenda of the government's role”.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has a few limitations which can be considered in future studies. First, the response rate of the participant is relatively low (163), so sampling a larger segment will support the broader perception of the citizens.Practical implicationsThe outcome of this paper underlines the need for the successful implementation of smart cities by adopting CP in the process of impacting policies and governance. Particularly, it identifies factors that help cities and policymakers in engaging CP in developing new policies and revising existing policies for promoting SSC.Originality/valueThere is a need to investigate the most critical factors that influence CP for implementing SSC. These factors have not been adequately examined in extant literature.
目的智能可持续城市(SSC)概念在处理新兴技术并帮助发展更好的城市社区的政府和社会中得到了广泛认可。然而,公民参与(CP)不遵守当前的政策和治理,这一事实往往会增强他们成为智能城市的决策愿望。本文旨在确定SSC变量,更重要的是,通过让公民参与、授权和使其能够参与SSC的城市发展,对实施SSC的因素进行排序、分类和讨论。设计/方法/方法综合文献综述确定了CP过程中的38个因素。这些因素被用来设计一份对受访者进行的在线问卷调查。共收集了164份有效回复。采用了两阶段统计分析。首先,使用相对重要性指数(RII)对影响当前政策和议程的因素的重要性进行排名和排序。其次,利用因子分析对这些因素进行分类和分组。发现这项研究发现了四个有助于植入SSC的重要因素:“智慧可持续城市的知识”、“智慧可持续都市的意识”、“公民参与的意愿”和“对政府当前角色议程的看法”。研究局限性/含义这项研究有一些局限性,可以在未来的研究中考虑。首先,参与者的回答率相对较低(163),因此对更大的部分进行抽样将支持公民更广泛的感知。实际含义本文的结果强调了在影响政策和治理的过程中采用CP成功实施智能城市的必要性。特别是,它确定了有助于城市和政策制定者让CP参与制定新政策和修订现有政策以促进SSC的因素。原始性/价值有必要调查影响CP实施SSC的最关键因素。这些因素在现存的文献中没有得到充分的研究。
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引用次数: 0
An interactive assessment framework for residential space layouts using pix2pix predictive model at the early-stage building design 在早期建筑设计中使用pix2pix预测模型的住宅空间布局交互式评估框架
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-07-2022-0152
Fatemeh Mostafavi, M. Tahsildoost, Z. Zomorodian, Seyed Shayan Shahrestani
PurposeIn this study, a novel framework based on deep learning models is presented to assess energy and environmental performance of a given building space layout, facilitating the decision-making process at the early-stage design.Design/methodology/approachA methodology using an image-based deep learning model called pix2pix is proposed to predict the overall daylight, energy and ventilation performance of a given residential building space layout. The proposed methodology is then evaluated by being applied to 300 sample apartment units in Tehran, Iran. Four pix2pix models were trained to predict illuminance, spatial daylight autonomy (sDA), primary energy intensity and ventilation maps. The simulation results were considered ground truth.FindingsThe results showed an average structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of 0.86 and 0.81 for the predicted illuminance and sDA maps, respectively, and an average score of 88% for the predicted primary energy intensity and ventilation representative maps, each of which is outputted within three seconds.Originality/valueThe proposed framework in this study helps upskilling the design professionals involved with the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry through engaging artificial intelligence in human–computer interactions. The specific novelties of this research are: first, evaluating indoor environmental metrics (daylight and ventilation) alongside the energy performance of space layouts using pix2pix model, second, widening the assessment scope to a group of spaces forming an apartment layout at five different floors and third, incorporating the impact of building context on the intended objectives.
在本研究中,提出了一个基于深度学习模型的新框架来评估给定建筑空间布局的能源和环境绩效,促进早期设计的决策过程。设计/方法/方法提出了一种使用基于图像的深度学习模型pix2pix的方法,用于预测给定住宅建筑空间布局的整体日光、能源和通风性能。然后,将提议的方法应用于伊朗德黑兰的300个抽样公寓单位进行评价。对四个pix2pix模型进行了训练,以预测照度、空间日光自主性(sDA)、初级能源强度和通风图。仿真结果被认为是真实的。结果表明,预测的照度图和sDA图的平均结构相似指数(SSIM)分别为0.86和0.81,预测的一次能源强度图和通风代表图的平均得分为88%,每个图在3秒内输出。独创性/价值本研究提出的框架通过将人工智能应用于人机交互,帮助建筑、工程和建筑(AEC)行业的设计专业人员提高技能。本研究的具体新颖之处在于:首先,使用pix2pix模型评估室内环境指标(日光和通风)以及空间布局的能源性能;其次,将评估范围扩大到一组在五个不同楼层形成公寓布局的空间;第三,将建筑环境对预期目标的影响纳入其中。
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引用次数: 2
Building information modeling (BIM) for lifecycle carbon emission: scientometric and scoping literature reviews 生命周期碳排放的建筑信息模型(BIM):科学计量和范围界定文献综述
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-05-2022-0086
Hanane Bouhmoud, D. Loudyi, S. Azhar
PurposeConsidering the world population, an additional 415.1 billion m2 of built floor will be needed by 2050, which could worsen the environmental impact of the construction industry that is responsible for one-third of global Carbon Emissions (CEs). Thus, the current construction practices need to be upgraded toward eco-friendly technologies. Building Information Modeling (BIM) proved a significant potential to enhance Building and Infrastructure (B&I) ecological performances. However, no previous study has evaluated the nexus between BIM and B&I CEs. This study aims to fill this gap by disclosing the research evolution and metrics and key concepts and tools associated with this nexus.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method design was adopted based on scientometric and scoping reviews of 52 consistent peer-reviewed papers collected from 3 large scientific databases.FindingsThis study presented six research metrics and revealed that the nexus between BIM and CEs is a contemporary topic that involves seven main research themes. Moreover, it cast light on six key associated concepts: Life Cycle Assessment; Boundary limits; Building Life Cycle CE (BLCCE); Responsible sources for BLCCE; Green and integrated BIM; and sustainable buildings and related rating systems. Furthermore, it identified 56 nexus-related Information and Communication Technologies tools and 17 CE-coefficient databases and discussed their consistency.Originality/valueThis study will fill the knowledge gap by providing scholars, practitioners and decision-makers with a good grasp of the nexus between CEs and BIM and paving the path toward further research, strategies and technological solutions to decrease CEs of B&I sectors and their impacts on the climate change.
考虑到世界人口,到2050年将需要额外的4151亿平方米的建筑地板,这可能会加剧占全球碳排放量(CEs)三分之一的建筑业对环境的影响。因此,目前的建筑实践需要向环保技术升级。建筑信息模型(BIM)被证明在提高建筑和基础设施(B&I)生态性能方面具有巨大潜力。然而,之前没有研究评估过BIM和B&I ce之间的关系。本研究旨在通过揭示与此联系相关的研究进展和指标以及关键概念和工具来填补这一空白。设计/方法学/方法采用混合方法设计,基于从3个大型科学数据库中收集的52篇一致的同行评议论文的科学计量学和范围审查。本研究提出了六个研究指标,并揭示了BIM和ce之间的关系是一个涉及七个主要研究主题的当代话题。此外,它还阐明了六个关键的相关概念:生命周期评估;边界的限制;建筑生命周期CE (BLCCE);城市文化中心的责任来源;绿色一体化BIM;以及可持续建筑和相关评级系统。此外,还确定了56个与nexus相关的信息和通信技术工具和17个ce系数数据库,并讨论了它们的一致性。原创性/价值本研究将填补知识空白,为学者、实践者和决策者提供一个很好的把握CEs和BIM之间的联系,并为进一步的研究、战略和技术解决方案铺平道路,以减少B&I部门的CEs及其对气候变化的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Challenges of offsite construction and BIM implementation: providing a framework for integration in New Zealand 非现场施工和BIM实施的挑战:为新西兰的整合提供框架
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-07-2022-0139
Nazanin Kordestani Ghalenoei, M. Babaeian Jelodar, Daniel Paes, M. Sutrisna
PurposeThe development of prefabrication into full-scale offsite manufacturing processes in the construction industry is paradigm-shifting. Moreover, Building Information Modelling (BIM) is becoming the primary mode of communication and integration in construction projects to facilitate the flow of information. Although research has been performed on BIM and Offsite Construction (OSC), integrating these two concepts remains ambiguous and complex and lacks documentation and structure, especially in New Zealand. Therefore, this paper develops a robust framework for OSC and BIM integration. The study focusses on identifying integration challenges and proposes strategies for overcoming these challenges.Design/methodology/approachThis study applied scientometric analysis, a systematic literature review (SLR) and semi-structured expert interviews to investigate OSC and BIM integration challenges. Multiple themes were investigated and triangulation conducted in this research supports the creation of applicable knowledge in this field.FindingsMultiple gaps, research trends and the pioneer countries in the paper's scope have been identified through scientometric analysis. Then, a classified cluster of challenges for OSC and BIM implementation and integration strategies of OSC and BIM were demonstrated from the findings. The interviews provided comprehensive and complementary data sets and analyses. The findings from the Systematic Literature Review and interview structured the integration framework.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper to existing knowledge is a developed framework that serves as a guideline for the OSC stakeholders. This framework can assess OSC's alignment with BIM and consolidate strategies for incorporating OSC into a BIM-based project delivery process. The framework consists of 23 strategies categorised into 8 clusters: a policy document, training and professional development, documentation, technology management, governmental development, contract development, accurate definition and detailing and communication. The proposed strategies will streamline integration by reducing potential challenges, thus enhancing project productivity.
目的:在建筑行业中,预制向全面的非现场制造过程的发展是一种范式转变。此外,建筑信息模型(BIM)正在成为建筑项目沟通和整合的主要模式,以促进信息的流动。尽管已经对BIM和OSC进行了研究,但将这两个概念整合起来仍然是模糊和复杂的,缺乏文档和结构,特别是在新西兰。因此,本文为OSC和BIM集成开发了一个健壮的框架。本研究的重点是识别整合挑战,并提出克服这些挑战的策略。本研究应用科学计量分析、系统文献综述(SLR)和半结构化专家访谈来调查OSC和BIM集成的挑战。本研究调查了多个主题,并进行了三角测量,以支持该领域适用知识的创造。通过科学计量分析,确定了本文研究范围内的多个差距、研究趋势和先锋国家。然后,根据研究结果,对OSC和BIM实施面临的挑战以及OSC和BIM的整合策略进行了分类。访谈提供了全面和补充的数据集和分析。系统文献综述和访谈的结果构建了整合框架。原创性/价值本文对现有知识的贡献是为OSC利益相关者提供了一个指导方针的开发框架。该框架可以评估OSC与BIM的一致性,并巩固将OSC纳入基于BIM的项目交付过程的策略。该框架由23项策略组成,分为8组:政策文件、培训和专业发展、文件、技术管理、政府发展、合同发展、准确定义和详细说明以及沟通。提议的策略将通过减少潜在挑战来简化集成,从而提高项目生产率。
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引用次数: 1
Activity recognition from trunk muscle activations for wearable and non-wearable robot conditions 可穿戴和不可穿戴机器人条件下躯干肌肉激活的活动识别
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-07-2022-0130
Nihar J. Gonsalves, O. Ogunseiju, A. Akanmu
PurposeRecognizing construction workers' activities is critical for on-site performance and safety management. Thus, this study presents the potential of automatically recognizing construction workers' actions from activations of the erector spinae muscles.Design/methodology/approachA lab study was conducted wherein the participants (n = 10) performed rebar task, which involved placing and tying subtasks, with and without a wearable robot (exoskeleton). Trunk muscle activations for both conditions were trained with nine well-established supervised machine learning algorithms. Hold-out validation was carried out, and the performance of the models was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score.FindingsResults indicate that classification models performed well for both experimental conditions with support vector machine, achieving the highest accuracy of 83.8% for the “exoskeleton” condition and 74.1% for the “without exoskeleton” condition.Research limitations/implicationsThe study paves the way for the development of smart wearable robotic technology which can augment itself based on the tasks performed by the construction workers.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the research on construction workers' action recognition using trunk muscle activity. Most of the human actions are largely performed with hands, and the advancements in ergonomic research have provided evidence for relationship between trunk muscles and the movements of hands. This relationship has not been explored for action recognition of construction workers, which is a gap in literature that this study attempts to address.
目的识别施工人员的活动对现场表现和安全管理至关重要。因此,这项研究提出了通过激活竖脊肌来自动识别建筑工人行为的潜力。设计/方法/方法进行了一项实验室研究,参与者(n=10)在有和没有可穿戴机器人(外骨骼)的情况下执行钢筋任务,包括放置和捆绑子任务。这两种情况下的躯干肌肉激活都是用九种公认的监督机器学习算法进行训练的。进行了保留验证,并使用准确性、精密度、召回率和F1分数评估了模型的性能。结果表明,使用支持向量机的分类模型在两种实验条件下都表现良好,在“外骨骼”条件下和“无外骨骼”情况下分别达到83.8%和74.1%的最高准确率。研究局限性/含义该研究为智能可穿戴机器人技术的发展铺平了道路,该技术可以根据建筑工人执行的任务进行自我增强。独创性/价值本研究有助于研究建筑工人利用躯干肌肉活动进行动作识别。大多数人类动作主要是用手进行的,人体工程学研究的进展为躯干肌肉和手的运动之间的关系提供了证据。这种关系尚未被探索用于建筑工人的行动识别,这是本研究试图解决的文献空白。
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引用次数: 1
Passive variable acoustic technology for classroom reverberation time: a case study 教室混响时间的被动可变声学技术:个案研究
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-08-2022-0177
M. Burfoot, A. Ghaffarianhoseini, Amirhosein Ghaffarianhoseini, N. Naismith
PurposeTo maximise acoustic comfort in a classroom, the acoustic conditions of the space should be variable. So, the optimal acoustic state also changes when the classroom changes from a study environment into a lecture environment. Passive Variable Acoustic Technology (PVAT) alters a room’s Reverberation Time (RT) by changing the total sound absorption in a room. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the improvements to classroom acoustic comfort when using PVAT.Design/methodology/approachThe study is conducted in an existing tertiary classroom at Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. The PVAT is prototyped, and the RTs are measured according to international standards before and after classroom installation. The acoustic measurement method used is a cost-effective application tool where pre- and post-conditions are of primary concern.FindingsPVAT is found to offer statistically significant improvements in RT, but the key benefits are realised in its’ ability to vary RT for different classroom situations. It is predicted that the RT recommendations for two room types outlined in the acoustic standard AS/NZS 2107:2016 are satisfied when using PVAT in a single classroom space. By optimising RT, the acoustic comfort during both study and lecture is significantly improved.Originality/valueWhen PVAT is combined with an intelligent system – Intelligent Passive Room Acoustic Technology (IPRAT) – it can detect sound waves in real time to identify the optimal RT. This paper details a pilot case study that works towards quantifying the benefits of IPRAT, by prototyping and testing the PVAT component of the system.Highlights A pilot case study outlines the development and test of a variable acoustic prototype in a tertiary classroomA method is adopted to measure acoustic conditions, using three under-researched Android applicationsThe benefits of PVAT are realised in its ability to vary RT by adjusting the prototypes’ sound absorptionBy using PVAT in a single space, the recommended RTs for two room types outlined in the acoustic standard AS/NZS 2107:2016 can be satisfiedThe improvements in acoustic comfort due to PVAT are statistically significant
目的为了最大限度地提高教室的声学舒适性,空间的声学条件应该是可变的。因此,当课堂从学习环境变为演讲环境时,最佳声学状态也会发生变化。被动可变声学技术(PVAT)通过改变房间的总吸声量来改变房间的混响时间(RT)。本文的目的是评估使用PVAT时对课堂声学舒适性的改善。设计/方法/方法这项研究是在新西兰奥克兰理工大学现有的三级课堂上进行的。PVAT是原型,RT在教室安装前后根据国际标准进行测量。所使用的声学测量方法是一种成本效益高的应用工具,其中前和后条件是主要关注的问题。FindingsPVAT被发现在RT方面提供了统计上显著的改进,但关键的好处是它能够针对不同的课堂情况改变RT。据预测,当在单个教室空间中使用PVAT时,满足声学标准AS/NZS 2107:2016中概述的两种房间类型的RT建议。通过优化RT,学习和演讲期间的声学舒适性都得到了显著改善。独创性/价值当PVAT与智能系统——智能无源房间声学技术(IPRAT)——相结合时,它可以实时检测声波,以确定最佳RT。本文详细介绍了一个试点案例研究,该研究通过对系统的PVAT组件进行原型设计和测试,致力于量化IPRAT的好处。亮点一个试点案例研究概述了三级教室中可变声学原型的开发和测试。采用一种方法来测量声学条件,使用三个研究不足的Android应用程序。PVAT的好处体现在它能够通过调整原型的吸声来改变RT。通过在单个空间中使用PVAT,可以满足声学标准AS/NZS 2107:2016中列出的两种房间类型的推荐RT。PVAT对声学舒适性的改善具有统计学意义
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引用次数: 0
Towards a circular economy: a knowledge-attitude gap between demand and supply-side operators on green building construction in Ghana 走向循环经济:加纳绿色建筑需求方和供应方运营商之间的知识态度差距
IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-22 DOI: 10.1108/sasbe-03-2022-0048
Florence Dadzoe, M. Addy, D. Duah, M. Adesi
PurposeTo be able to achieve the uptake and usage of green buildings requires various actors within the construction value chain to be engaged. Despite its global uptake, green building construction is still at its nascent stage in Ghana. Most studies in sub-Saharan Africa point to the lack of knowledge as one of the mitigating factors against its development. However, there is a dearth of studies assessing the level of knowledge of stakeholders. The terms “knowledge” and “awareness” of green building construction are often used interchangeably in the Ghanaian Construction Industry (GCI). This study seeks to unearth the level of knowledge of stakeholders on green building construction through a comparative analysis of construction professionals and demand-side operators.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was issued to professionals in the various recognised bodies in the construction industry and public and private institutions in Ghana. Frequency, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, median statistics and Mann–Whitney U-Test were used to rank and analyse the level of knowledge of stakeholders.FindingsConstruction professionals were more aware of green building construction than the demand-side operators. It was further identified that only a few of these stakeholders had hands-on experience as the majority of them have gained their awareness through research studies. Based on the findings of the study, it was revealed that the concept of green building construction is more abstract to stakeholders than practical despite their positive attitude towards its adoption.Practical implicationsContextually, the study has aided in showing the level of knowledge of stakeholders on green building construction. The findings of the study aside from it aiding policymakers have also helped in identifying the perceptions and attitudes of stakeholders, their strengths and weakness in green building construction. It is recommended that due to the differences in socio-political structures and construction methods, a clear definition of green building based on the availability of resources in the GCI will encourage its adoption.Originality/valueThe study used two stakeholder groupings in the GCI as the unit of analysis. This enabled insightful discoveries into the knowledge-attitude gap of Ghanaian stakeholders that are driving the adoption of green building.
目的为了实现绿色建筑的吸收和使用,需要建筑价值链中的各种参与者参与。尽管绿色建筑已被全球采用,但在加纳,绿色建筑仍处于起步阶段。在撒哈拉以南非洲的大多数研究指出,缺乏知识是阻碍其发展的缓解因素之一。然而,缺乏评估利益相关者知识水平的研究。绿色建筑施工的“知识”和“意识”这两个术语在加纳建筑业(GCI)中经常互换使用。本研究旨在透过建筑专业人士与需求方营运商的比较分析,了解利益相关者对绿色建筑的认知程度。设计/方法/方法向加纳建筑业各公认机构以及公共和私营机构的专业人员发放了一份结构化问卷。采用频率、Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验、中位数统计量和Mann-Whitney u检验对利益相关者的知识水平进行排序和分析。研究发现:建筑专业人员比需求方运营商更了解绿色建筑。进一步查明,这些利益攸关方中只有少数人有实际经验,因为他们中的大多数人是通过研究获得认识的。根据研究结果显示,尽管利益相关者对绿色建筑的采用持积极态度,但对他们来说,绿色建筑的概念更抽象,而不是实用。实际意义本研究有助显示持份者对绿色建筑的知识水平。研究结果除了有助于政策制定者外,还有助于确定利益相关者的看法和态度,以及他们在绿色建筑建设中的优势和劣势。由于社会政治结构和建筑方法的差异,建议在GCI中基于资源可用性对绿色建筑的明确定义将鼓励其采用。独创性/价值本研究使用GCI中的两个利益相关者分组作为分析单位。这使得对加纳利益相关者的知识态度差距有了深刻的发现,这些利益相关者正在推动绿色建筑的采用。
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引用次数: 1
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Smart and Sustainable Built Environment
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