he consistently tested “liberal rights” discourses, for example, against a criterion requiring “sexual liberty from legal prescription” (and of course always found those discourses wanting) (59, 85). Given that most of these writings on sexuality were not published in Bentham’s lifetime, sexual liberty could only function for Bentham as a private test for the utility of government in providing for the happiness of people, but this is a test which has, arguably, proved its worth in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. In any case, Shanafelt’s book makes a good case for re-centering the study of Bentham’s moral and political philosophy on sexuality, which can no longer be understood as a merely peripheral concern for him. In this respect, the book makes an important contribution to the discussion of the reception of Bentham, and later reception studies may well understand this early twenty-first century period of the publication of the writings on sexuality as marking a significant shift in that reception.
{"title":"Misers: British Responses to Extreme Saving, 1700–1860 by Timothy Alborn (review)","authors":"Trevor A. Jackson","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0044","url":null,"abstract":"he consistently tested “liberal rights” discourses, for example, against a criterion requiring “sexual liberty from legal prescription” (and of course always found those discourses wanting) (59, 85). Given that most of these writings on sexuality were not published in Bentham’s lifetime, sexual liberty could only function for Bentham as a private test for the utility of government in providing for the happiness of people, but this is a test which has, arguably, proved its worth in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. In any case, Shanafelt’s book makes a good case for re-centering the study of Bentham’s moral and political philosophy on sexuality, which can no longer be understood as a merely peripheral concern for him. In this respect, the book makes an important contribution to the discussion of the reception of Bentham, and later reception studies may well understand this early twenty-first century period of the publication of the writings on sexuality as marking a significant shift in that reception.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46133169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Drawing on close examination of surviving financial, biographical, and repertory records, this article demonstrates the existence of a number of accommodations for childbearing women at Covent Garden and Drury Lane between 1768 and 1800, including paid leave policies and repertory changes. It dispels assumptions about working women and pregnancy, proves that the late eighteenth-century theatre had a more generous paid family leave policy than most U.S. citizens enjoy today, and positions the embodied realities of women's experiences as a major factor in theatrical management throughout the eighteenth century.
{"title":"Accommodations for Pregnancy and Childbirth on the Late Eighteenth-Century London Stage","authors":"Chelsea Phillips","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Drawing on close examination of surviving financial, biographical, and repertory records, this article demonstrates the existence of a number of accommodations for childbearing women at Covent Garden and Drury Lane between 1768 and 1800, including paid leave policies and repertory changes. It dispels assumptions about working women and pregnancy, proves that the late eighteenth-century theatre had a more generous paid family leave policy than most U.S. citizens enjoy today, and positions the embodied realities of women's experiences as a major factor in theatrical management throughout the eighteenth century.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43892699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Execution of Admiral John Byng as a Microhistory of Eighteenth-Century Britain by Joseph J. Krulder (review)","authors":"E. Wilson","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47842137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Collective Understanding ends with a call to arms of sorts. Writing against formalists who would double down on the exceptionalism of literature and literary studies, Mowry asks for literary studies to “turn outward toward collaborative projects” in a way that would highlight the “collective nature of knowledge” (208). In this sense, this book aims not just at historical recovery, but a reform of critical practice based on the kind of collective hermeneutics it describes and practices. A collectivist literary criticism that produced more work like Mowry’s would certainly be worthwhile.
{"title":"Estranging the Novel: Poland, Ireland, and Theories of World Literature by Katarzyna Bartoszyńska (review)","authors":"W. Lee","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Collective Understanding ends with a call to arms of sorts. Writing against formalists who would double down on the exceptionalism of literature and literary studies, Mowry asks for literary studies to “turn outward toward collaborative projects” in a way that would highlight the “collective nature of knowledge” (208). In this sense, this book aims not just at historical recovery, but a reform of critical practice based on the kind of collective hermeneutics it describes and practices. A collectivist literary criticism that produced more work like Mowry’s would certainly be worthwhile.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42784284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Writing Lives in the Eighteenth Century ed. by Tanya M. Caldwell (review)","authors":"Mark K. Fulk","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46989983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Naturalist Charles Bonnet wrote three publications on the tapeworm—in 1750, 1777, and 1780—now largely forgotten. This article considers how these texts reveal both the challenges of researching intestinal worms and the practices used to examine tapeworms. Bonnet's publication of 1777 is particularly informative as it provides a rare and detailed account of an artist conducting research alongside the naturalist. Bonnet explains how the Danish artist Henrik Plötz manipulated, described, magnified, and drew tapeworm fragments to help the naturalist see them more clearly with the naked eye. The attentive observation often associated with eighteenth-century naturalism played a diminished role in their efforts to discern the tapeworm's anatomy.
{"title":"Learning to See Tapeworms: Naturalist Charles Bonnet and Artist Henrik Plötz","authors":"Lianne McTavish","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Naturalist Charles Bonnet wrote three publications on the tapeworm—in 1750, 1777, and 1780—now largely forgotten. This article considers how these texts reveal both the challenges of researching intestinal worms and the practices used to examine tapeworms. Bonnet's publication of 1777 is particularly informative as it provides a rare and detailed account of an artist conducting research alongside the naturalist. Bonnet explains how the Danish artist Henrik Plötz manipulated, described, magnified, and drew tapeworm fragments to help the naturalist see them more clearly with the naked eye. The attentive observation often associated with eighteenth-century naturalism played a diminished role in their efforts to discern the tapeworm's anatomy.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49315342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Another feature of African Founders is the effective use Fischer makes of biography. A gifted storyteller, he unearths countless examples of Black people who emerged from slavery to fashion impactful lives for themselves and for those around them. These stories are compelling but context here is everything. For every Frederick Douglass or Harriet Tubman, there were countless others who remain unnamed, helpless victims of a system over which they had very little control. There were also dissenting voices, those for whom the American ideals of liberty and equality rang hollow, chief among them early Black nationalists. If anything, Fischer is inclined to downplay the significance of such voices. It is telling, for instance, that in his discussion of Paul Cuffe, an important figure in Black Massachusetts history, he makes no mention of Cuffe’s growing interest in Pan-Africanism, or, indeed, his brief flirtation with the American Colonization Society, a blatantly racist organization that sought to repatriate Black people to Africa.
{"title":"Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Division of Labour, the Politics of the Imagination and the Concept of Federal Government by Michael Sonenscher","authors":"Flora Champy","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0040","url":null,"abstract":"Another feature of African Founders is the effective use Fischer makes of biography. A gifted storyteller, he unearths countless examples of Black people who emerged from slavery to fashion impactful lives for themselves and for those around them. These stories are compelling but context here is everything. For every Frederick Douglass or Harriet Tubman, there were countless others who remain unnamed, helpless victims of a system over which they had very little control. There were also dissenting voices, those for whom the American ideals of liberty and equality rang hollow, chief among them early Black nationalists. If anything, Fischer is inclined to downplay the significance of such voices. It is telling, for instance, that in his discussion of Paul Cuffe, an important figure in Black Massachusetts history, he makes no mention of Cuffe’s growing interest in Pan-Africanism, or, indeed, his brief flirtation with the American Colonization Society, a blatantly racist organization that sought to repatriate Black people to Africa.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42291575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The International Companion to Scottish Literature of the Long Eighteenth Century ed. by Leith Davis and Janet Sorensen (review)","authors":"G. Carruthers","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45227272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article examines men's dressing gowns, known as banyans, and their relation to time by examining the banyan's representation in two contrasting media. Within painted portraiture, the banyan is portrayed as timeless and immortal sartorial companion to the gentleman and scholar. However, as the body of this article addresses, within graphic satire, the banyan is represented as an accomplice to men's misuse of time. By probing the banyan's satirical representation in relation to daily life, the article exposes how the banyan was seen to subvert the temporal daily norms and rhythms of Britain's dominant sex.
{"title":"Subverting Time: The Banyan, Temporality, and Graphic Satire","authors":"Elisabeth Gernerd","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines men's dressing gowns, known as banyans, and their relation to time by examining the banyan's representation in two contrasting media. Within painted portraiture, the banyan is portrayed as timeless and immortal sartorial companion to the gentleman and scholar. However, as the body of this article addresses, within graphic satire, the banyan is represented as an accomplice to men's misuse of time. By probing the banyan's satirical representation in relation to daily life, the article exposes how the banyan was seen to subvert the temporal daily norms and rhythms of Britain's dominant sex.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46100230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sex in an Old Regime City: Young Workers and Intimacy in France, 1660–1789 by Julie Hardwick, and: The Banishment of Beverland: Sex, Sin, and Scholarship in the Seventeenth-Century Dutch Republic by Karen Hollewand (review)","authors":"Benjamin Bernard","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45896934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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