he consistently tested “liberal rights” discourses, for example, against a criterion requiring “sexual liberty from legal prescription” (and of course always found those discourses wanting) (59, 85). Given that most of these writings on sexuality were not published in Bentham’s lifetime, sexual liberty could only function for Bentham as a private test for the utility of government in providing for the happiness of people, but this is a test which has, arguably, proved its worth in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. In any case, Shanafelt’s book makes a good case for re-centering the study of Bentham’s moral and political philosophy on sexuality, which can no longer be understood as a merely peripheral concern for him. In this respect, the book makes an important contribution to the discussion of the reception of Bentham, and later reception studies may well understand this early twenty-first century period of the publication of the writings on sexuality as marking a significant shift in that reception.
{"title":"Misers: British Responses to Extreme Saving, 1700–1860 by Timothy Alborn (review)","authors":"Trevor A. Jackson","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0044","url":null,"abstract":"he consistently tested “liberal rights” discourses, for example, against a criterion requiring “sexual liberty from legal prescription” (and of course always found those discourses wanting) (59, 85). Given that most of these writings on sexuality were not published in Bentham’s lifetime, sexual liberty could only function for Bentham as a private test for the utility of government in providing for the happiness of people, but this is a test which has, arguably, proved its worth in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. In any case, Shanafelt’s book makes a good case for re-centering the study of Bentham’s moral and political philosophy on sexuality, which can no longer be understood as a merely peripheral concern for him. In this respect, the book makes an important contribution to the discussion of the reception of Bentham, and later reception studies may well understand this early twenty-first century period of the publication of the writings on sexuality as marking a significant shift in that reception.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"500 - 502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46133169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Execution of Admiral John Byng as a Microhistory of Eighteenth-Century Britain by Joseph J. Krulder (review)","authors":"E. Wilson","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"510 - 512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47842137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Drawing on close examination of surviving financial, biographical, and repertory records, this article demonstrates the existence of a number of accommodations for childbearing women at Covent Garden and Drury Lane between 1768 and 1800, including paid leave policies and repertory changes. It dispels assumptions about working women and pregnancy, proves that the late eighteenth-century theatre had a more generous paid family leave policy than most U.S. citizens enjoy today, and positions the embodied realities of women's experiences as a major factor in theatrical management throughout the eighteenth century.
{"title":"Accommodations for Pregnancy and Childbirth on the Late Eighteenth-Century London Stage","authors":"Chelsea Phillips","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Drawing on close examination of surviving financial, biographical, and repertory records, this article demonstrates the existence of a number of accommodations for childbearing women at Covent Garden and Drury Lane between 1768 and 1800, including paid leave policies and repertory changes. It dispels assumptions about working women and pregnancy, proves that the late eighteenth-century theatre had a more generous paid family leave policy than most U.S. citizens enjoy today, and positions the embodied realities of women's experiences as a major factor in theatrical management throughout the eighteenth century.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"425 - 447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43892699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01Epub Date: 2023-06-07DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3578731
Cary Xiao, Erik A Imel, Nam Pham, Xiao Luo
Graph Attention Networks (GAT) have been extensively used to perform node-level classification on data that can be represented as a graph. However, few papers have investigated the effectiveness of using GAT on graph representations of patient similarity networks. This paper proposes Patient-GAT, a novel method to predict chronic health conditions by first integrating multi-modal data fusion to generate patient vector representations using imputed lab variables with other structured data. This data representation is then used to construct a patient network by measuring patient similarity, finally applying GAT to the patient network for disease prediction. We demonstrated our framework by predicting sarcopenia using real-world EHRs obtained from the Indiana Network for Patient Care. We evaluated the performance of our system by comparing it to other baseline models, showing that our model outperforms other methods. In addition, we studied the contribution of the temporal representation of the lab data and discussed the interpretability of this model by analyzing the attention coefficients of the trained Patient-GAT model. Our code can be found on Github.
图形注意力网络（GAT）已被广泛用于对可表示为图形的数据进行节点级分类。然而，很少有论文研究在患者相似性网络的图表示上使用 GAT 的有效性。本文提出的 Patient-GAT 是一种预测慢性健康状况的新方法，它首先整合了多模态数据融合，利用估算的实验室变量和其他结构化数据生成患者向量表示。然后，通过测量患者的相似性，利用这种数据表示构建患者网络，最后将 GAT 应用于患者网络进行疾病预测。我们利用从印第安纳州患者护理网络（Indiana Network for Patient Care）获得的真实电子病历预测了肌少症，从而展示了我们的框架。通过与其他基线模型进行比较，我们对系统的性能进行了评估，结果表明我们的模型优于其他方法。此外，我们还研究了实验室数据时间表示的贡献，并通过分析训练有素的 Patient-GAT 模型的注意力系数讨论了该模型的可解释性。我们的代码可在 Github 上找到。
{"title":"Patient-GAT: Sarcopenia Prediction using Multi-modal Data Fusion and Weighted Graph Attention Networks.","authors":"Cary Xiao, Erik A Imel, Nam Pham, Xiao Luo","doi":"10.1145/3555776.3578731","DOIUrl":"10.1145/3555776.3578731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Graph Attention Networks (GAT) have been extensively used to perform node-level classification on data that can be represented as a graph. However, few papers have investigated the effectiveness of using GAT on graph representations of patient similarity networks. This paper proposes Patient-GAT, a novel method to predict chronic health conditions by first integrating multi-modal data fusion to generate patient vector representations using imputed lab variables with other structured data. This data representation is then used to construct a patient network by measuring patient similarity, finally applying GAT to the patient network for disease prediction. We demonstrated our framework by predicting sarcopenia using real-world EHRs obtained from the Indiana Network for Patient Care. We evaluated the performance of our system by comparing it to other baseline models, showing that our model outperforms other methods. In addition, we studied the contribution of the temporal representation of the lab data and discussed the interpretability of this model by analyzing the attention coefficients of the trained Patient-GAT model. Our code can be found on Github.</p>","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"45 1","pages":"614-617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10732263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88376355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Collective Understanding ends with a call to arms of sorts. Writing against formalists who would double down on the exceptionalism of literature and literary studies, Mowry asks for literary studies to “turn outward toward collaborative projects” in a way that would highlight the “collective nature of knowledge” (208). In this sense, this book aims not just at historical recovery, but a reform of critical practice based on the kind of collective hermeneutics it describes and practices. A collectivist literary criticism that produced more work like Mowry’s would certainly be worthwhile.
{"title":"Estranging the Novel: Poland, Ireland, and Theories of World Literature by Katarzyna Bartoszyńska (review)","authors":"W. Lee","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Collective Understanding ends with a call to arms of sorts. Writing against formalists who would double down on the exceptionalism of literature and literary studies, Mowry asks for literary studies to “turn outward toward collaborative projects” in a way that would highlight the “collective nature of knowledge” (208). In this sense, this book aims not just at historical recovery, but a reform of critical practice based on the kind of collective hermeneutics it describes and practices. A collectivist literary criticism that produced more work like Mowry’s would certainly be worthwhile.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"486 - 488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42784284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Writing Lives in the Eighteenth Century ed. by Tanya M. Caldwell (review)","authors":"Mark K. Fulk","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"508 - 510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46989983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Another feature of African Founders is the effective use Fischer makes of biography. A gifted storyteller, he unearths countless examples of Black people who emerged from slavery to fashion impactful lives for themselves and for those around them. These stories are compelling but context here is everything. For every Frederick Douglass or Harriet Tubman, there were countless others who remain unnamed, helpless victims of a system over which they had very little control. There were also dissenting voices, those for whom the American ideals of liberty and equality rang hollow, chief among them early Black nationalists. If anything, Fischer is inclined to downplay the significance of such voices. It is telling, for instance, that in his discussion of Paul Cuffe, an important figure in Black Massachusetts history, he makes no mention of Cuffe’s growing interest in Pan-Africanism, or, indeed, his brief flirtation with the American Colonization Society, a blatantly racist organization that sought to repatriate Black people to Africa.
{"title":"Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Division of Labour, the Politics of the Imagination and the Concept of Federal Government by Michael Sonenscher","authors":"Flora Champy","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0040","url":null,"abstract":"Another feature of African Founders is the effective use Fischer makes of biography. A gifted storyteller, he unearths countless examples of Black people who emerged from slavery to fashion impactful lives for themselves and for those around them. These stories are compelling but context here is everything. For every Frederick Douglass or Harriet Tubman, there were countless others who remain unnamed, helpless victims of a system over which they had very little control. There were also dissenting voices, those for whom the American ideals of liberty and equality rang hollow, chief among them early Black nationalists. If anything, Fischer is inclined to downplay the significance of such voices. It is telling, for instance, that in his discussion of Paul Cuffe, an important figure in Black Massachusetts history, he makes no mention of Cuffe’s growing interest in Pan-Africanism, or, indeed, his brief flirtation with the American Colonization Society, a blatantly racist organization that sought to repatriate Black people to Africa.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42291575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Naturalist Charles Bonnet wrote three publications on the tapeworm—in 1750, 1777, and 1780—now largely forgotten. This article considers how these texts reveal both the challenges of researching intestinal worms and the practices used to examine tapeworms. Bonnet's publication of 1777 is particularly informative as it provides a rare and detailed account of an artist conducting research alongside the naturalist. Bonnet explains how the Danish artist Henrik Plötz manipulated, described, magnified, and drew tapeworm fragments to help the naturalist see them more clearly with the naked eye. The attentive observation often associated with eighteenth-century naturalism played a diminished role in their efforts to discern the tapeworm's anatomy.
{"title":"Learning to See Tapeworms: Naturalist Charles Bonnet and Artist Henrik Plötz","authors":"Lianne McTavish","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Naturalist Charles Bonnet wrote three publications on the tapeworm—in 1750, 1777, and 1780—now largely forgotten. This article considers how these texts reveal both the challenges of researching intestinal worms and the practices used to examine tapeworms. Bonnet's publication of 1777 is particularly informative as it provides a rare and detailed account of an artist conducting research alongside the naturalist. Bonnet explains how the Danish artist Henrik Plötz manipulated, described, magnified, and drew tapeworm fragments to help the naturalist see them more clearly with the naked eye. The attentive observation often associated with eighteenth-century naturalism played a diminished role in their efforts to discern the tapeworm's anatomy.","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"449 - 472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49315342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The International Companion to Scottish Literature of the Long Eighteenth Century ed. by Leith Davis and Janet Sorensen (review)","authors":"G. Carruthers","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"512 - 514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45227272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"African Founders: How Enslaved People Expanded American Ideals by David Hackett Fischer (review)","authors":"J. Oldfield","doi":"10.1353/ecs.2023.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2023.0046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45802,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES","volume":"56 1","pages":"490 - 492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42907796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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