Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100655
Tomoka Hasegawa , Mako Sakakibara , Xuanyu Liu , Hirona Yoshino , Yan Shi , Jiaxin Cui , Mai Haraguchi-Kitakamae , Weisong Li , Wang Haoyu , Tomomaya Yamamoto , Hotaka Ishizu , Tamaki Sekiguchi , Tomohiro Shimizu , Norio Amizuka
To determine whether alendronate affects vascular endothelial cells and regulates the interactions between blood vessels and osteoblasts, we have examined the femoral metaphyses of alendronate-administered mice. Following administration, the bone-specific blood vessels exhibited significantly reduced luminal diameters and rough luminal surfaces with numerous small protrusions and vesicles. Although the osteoclast distribution remained unchanged in alendronate-treated mice, osteoblasts were inactivated in the metaphyseal regions where blood vessels had shrunk. Additionally, the expression of genes such as Ephb4/Efnb2, which mediate vascular endothelial cell–osteoblast interactions, was diminished. Therefore, alendronate may primarily affect bone-specific blood vessels, thus leading to osteoblast inactivation.
{"title":"Alendronate inhibits bone-specific blood vessels in the femoral metaphyses of mice","authors":"Tomoka Hasegawa , Mako Sakakibara , Xuanyu Liu , Hirona Yoshino , Yan Shi , Jiaxin Cui , Mai Haraguchi-Kitakamae , Weisong Li , Wang Haoyu , Tomomaya Yamamoto , Hotaka Ishizu , Tamaki Sekiguchi , Tomohiro Shimizu , Norio Amizuka","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To determine whether alendronate affects vascular endothelial cells and regulates the interactions between blood vessels and osteoblasts, we have examined the femoral metaphyses of alendronate-administered mice. Following administration, the bone-specific blood vessels exhibited significantly reduced luminal diameters and rough luminal surfaces with numerous small protrusions and vesicles. Although the osteoclast distribution remained unchanged in alendronate-treated mice, osteoblasts were inactivated in the metaphyseal regions where blood vessels had shrunk. Additionally, the expression of genes such as <em>Ephb4</em>/<em>Efnb2</em>, which mediate vascular endothelial cell–osteoblast interactions, was diminished. Therefore, alendronate may primarily affect bone-specific blood vessels, thus leading to osteoblast inactivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-05-09DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100670
Marie Hoshi-Numahata , Atsuko Nakanishi-Kimura , Haruhisa Watanabe , Mai Nishiura , Shinnosuke Nishimoto , Fumi Ueno , Riyu Koguchi , Akira Oka , Yoshiaki Sato , Takashi S. Kajii , Tadahiro Iimura
Background
Mandibular prognathism (MP) is a type of malocclusion characterized by an imbalance in the anteroposterior position of the upper and lower jaws. The prevalence of MP in Japan is relatively high, suggesting a unique genetic background in the population.
Highlight
Genome-wide analyses identified susceptibility genes responsible for mandibular prognathism in the Japanese population.
Conclusion
Identification of the genes associated with malocclusion will pave the way for personalized and precise medicine and contribute to craniofacial biology.
{"title":"Genome-wide analyses of susceptibility genes responsible for mandibular prognathism in the Japanese population","authors":"Marie Hoshi-Numahata , Atsuko Nakanishi-Kimura , Haruhisa Watanabe , Mai Nishiura , Shinnosuke Nishimoto , Fumi Ueno , Riyu Koguchi , Akira Oka , Yoshiaki Sato , Takashi S. Kajii , Tadahiro Iimura","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mandibular prognathism (MP) is a type of malocclusion characterized by an imbalance in the anteroposterior position of the upper and lower jaws. The prevalence of MP in Japan is relatively high, suggesting a unique genetic background in the population.</div></div><div><h3>Highlight</h3><div>Genome-wide analyses identified susceptibility genes responsible for mandibular prognathism in the Japanese population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Identification of the genes associated with malocclusion will pave the way for personalized and precise medicine and contribute to craniofacial biology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mechanical and inflammatory stimuli are key factors in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effects of mechanical stimulation on joint tissues and cells at the molecular level and the mechanisms of interaction after stimulation with inflammatory cytokines remains uninvestigated.
Methods
Three-dimensional cyclic compression loading (CCL) was applied to human articular chondrocytes, and the expression of OA-related genes was analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the effects of CCL after the chondrocytes were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β were evaluated. A DNA microarray assay was used to compare changes in gene expression after chondrocytes were stimulated with IL-1β and CCL was applied, and to search for pathways that are affected by CCL.
Results
CCL of 40 kPa significantly upregulated the expression of IL-8, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, nerve growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-3. Transcription of IL-8, COX-2, and MMP-3 was synergistically promoted by CCL and IL-1β. The top 10 pathways enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes were not common in either group, except for the “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction”. The “tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway” and the “nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway” in the IL-1β group and “cell cycle” and the “Hippo signaling pathway” in the CCL group were included.
Conclusions
Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed that CCL-induced changes in gene expression were different to those induced by stimulation with IL-1β. Our results provide new insights into the involvement of mechanical stimulation in the pathogenesis of OA.
{"title":"Cyclic compression loading alters osteoarthritis-related gene expression in three-dimensionally cultured human articular chondrocytes via a different mechanism than interleukin-1β induction","authors":"Minami Hikida , Takashi Kanamoto , Yoshihito Tachi , Kosuke Ebina , Masahiro Nakajima , Ken Nakata","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Mechanical and inflammatory stimuli are key factors in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effects of mechanical stimulation on joint tissues and cells at the molecular level and the mechanisms of interaction after stimulation with inflammatory cytokines remains uninvestigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three-dimensional cyclic compression loading (CCL) was applied to human articular chondrocytes, and the expression of OA-related genes was analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the effects of CCL after the chondrocytes were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β were evaluated. A DNA microarray assay was used to compare changes in gene expression after chondrocytes were stimulated with IL-1β and CCL was applied, and to search for pathways that are affected by CCL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CCL of 40 kPa significantly upregulated the expression of IL-8, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, nerve growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-3. Transcription of IL-8, COX-2, and MMP-3 was synergistically promoted by CCL and IL-1β. The top 10 pathways enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes were not common in either group, except for the “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction”. The “tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway” and the “nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway” in the IL-1β group and “cell cycle” and the “Hippo signaling pathway” in the CCL group were included.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed that CCL-induced changes in gene expression were different to those induced by stimulation with IL-1β. Our results provide new insights into the involvement of mechanical stimulation in the pathogenesis of OA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human periodontal ligament (PDL) progenitor cells (hPDLPCs) sense mechanical stress and differentiate into osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and fibroblasts during orthodontic tooth movement. The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 has been known to be present in PDL tissues and is involved in mineralization during bone regeneration. However, the functional role and underlying mechanisms of Piezo1 in osteogenesis and cementogenesis are unknown. We hypothesize that Piezo proteins are expressed in and regulate the differentiation of hPDLPCs.
Methods
We examined the effects of Piezo1 activation, by agonist and mechanical stretching, on the expression of osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules in hPDLPCs using RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence methods.
Results
hPDLPCs showed calcium influx in Piezo1 and Piezo2, but not in TRPV4 and its channels. In hPDLPCs, the Piezo1 agonist Yoda1 significantly upregulated osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules through the Ca2+/CREB pathway. To investigate the role of Piezo1 in hPDLPC-mediated differentiation, knockout (KO) of Piezo1 in hPDLPCs was generated; significant downregulation of osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules was observed in KO hPDLPCs. Furthermore, Piezo1 enhanced the mineralization of hPDLPCs.
Conclusions
hPDLPCs expressed Piezo1 and Piezo2. Yoda1, Piezo1 agonist, significantly upregulated osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules through the Ca2+/CREB signaling pathway.
{"title":"Piezo1 promotes double-directional differentiation from human periodontal ligament progenitor cells","authors":"Yuri Kono , Hiroshi Kajiya , Riko Nagano , Chisato Tominaga , Hidefumi Maeda , Tsugumi Fujita , Sachio Tamaoki","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Human periodontal ligament (PDL) progenitor cells (hPDLPCs) sense mechanical stress and differentiate into osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and fibroblasts during orthodontic tooth movement. The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 has been known to be present in PDL tissues and is involved in mineralization during bone regeneration. However, the functional role and underlying mechanisms of Piezo1 in osteogenesis and cementogenesis are unknown. We hypothesize that Piezo proteins are expressed in and regulate the differentiation of hPDLPCs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined the effects of Piezo1 activation, by agonist and mechanical stretching, on the expression of osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules in hPDLPCs using RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>hPDLPCs showed calcium influx in Piezo1 and Piezo2, but not in TRPV4 and its channels. In hPDLPCs, the Piezo1 agonist Yoda1 significantly upregulated osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules through the Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CREB pathway. To investigate the role of Piezo1 in hPDLPC-mediated differentiation, knockout (KO) of Piezo1 in hPDLPCs was generated; significant downregulation of osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules was observed in KO hPDLPCs. Furthermore, Piezo1 enhanced the mineralization of hPDLPCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>hPDLPCs expressed Piezo1 and Piezo2. Yoda1, Piezo1 agonist, significantly upregulated osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules through the Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CREB signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several in vitro studies have shown that reverse signaling from osteoclasts regulates osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. However, none of these studies have reported the effects of this signaling pathway on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the interaction between receptor activators of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) released from mature human osteoclasts and the membranous RANK ligand (RANKL) in human PDL cells.
Methods
Multinucleated mature human osteoclasts were differentiated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells upon incubation with recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor and RANKL. Mature osteoclasts and human PDL cells were characterized. A mature osteoclast-conditioned medium (OC-CM) was used to induce osteogenic differentiation of PDL cells. Mechanistic analysis of RANK-RANKL reverse signaling were conducted to determine the regulation of osteogenic induction using conditioned medium from mature osteoclasts treated with GW4869 (GW–OC–CM) or PDL cells pretreated with recombinant human osteoprotegerin (OPG).
Results
OC-CM significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of osteogenic genes and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation and biomineralization of PDL cells (p < 0.05). GW–OC–CM significantly reduced the expression of osteogenic genes, osteogenic differentiation, and biomineralization in PDL cells (p < 0.05). Similarly, the pretreatment of PDL cells with OPG before OC-CM treatment significantly reduced the osteogenic induction of PDL cells (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Mature osteoclasts can induce osteogenesis in human PDL cells via RANK-RANKL reverse signaling.
{"title":"Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells by mature osteoclasts","authors":"Sumit Suamphan , Anupong Makeudom , Suttichai Krisanaprakornkit , Pimphorn Meekhantong , Ekapong Dechtham , Chidchanok Leethanakul","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Several <em>in vitro</em> studies have shown that reverse signaling from osteoclasts regulates osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. However, none of these studies have reported the effects of this signaling pathway on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the interaction between receptor activators of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) released from mature human osteoclasts and the membranous RANK ligand (RANKL) in human PDL cells.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multinucleated mature human osteoclasts were differentiated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells upon incubation with recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor and RANKL. Mature osteoclasts and human PDL cells were characterized. A mature osteoclast-conditioned medium (OC-CM) was used to induce osteogenic differentiation of PDL cells. Mechanistic analysis of RANK-RANKL reverse signaling were conducted to determine the regulation of osteogenic induction using conditioned medium from mature osteoclasts treated with GW4869 (GW–OC–CM) or PDL cells pretreated with recombinant human osteoprotegerin (OPG).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OC-CM significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of osteogenic genes and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation and biomineralization of PDL cells (<em>p</em> < 0.05). GW–OC–CM significantly reduced the expression of osteogenic genes, osteogenic differentiation, and biomineralization in PDL cells (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Similarly, the pretreatment of PDL cells with OPG before OC-CM treatment significantly reduced the osteogenic induction of PDL cells (<em>p</em> < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Mature osteoclasts can induce osteogenesis in human PDL cells via RANK-RANKL reverse signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Various bacteria are present in the oral cavity and constitute the oral microbiota. Although the oral microbiota has been analyzed using next-generation sequencing, few studies have investigated whether specific commensal bacteria directly affect immune responses to infections. Here, we focused on Neisseria species present in the oral cavity and investigated their effects on respiratory cells infected with several viruses.
Methods
Six Neisseria species were isolated from human saliva. The epithelial cell lines were stimulated with bacterial culture supernatants before viral infection. Changes in the viral susceptibility were assessed.
Results
Culture supernatants of two Neisseria species were found to affect cells susceptible to influenza viral infection and suppress influenza viral replication. The mechanism underlying the suppression of N. perflava was further investigated. This activity was observed in the 10–30 kDa protein range fractionated by ultrafiltration. Although viral replication was suppressed by stimulation with bacterial proteins, the infection efficiency of the virus and cytokine production were unaffected. Replication of SARS-CoV-2 and human rhinovirus were also suppressed.
Conclusion
Viral infection was performed after supernatant stimulation, suggesting that exposure to oral bacteria directly affects viral infection in the surrounding cells. This effect has been observed for several viruses. Viral genome replication in cells may be suppressed by enhanced expression of viral replication suppression genes. Further analyses are required to elucidate the detailed underlying mechanisms.
{"title":"Neisseria perflava isolated from a clinical sample reduces influenza virus replication in respiratory cells","authors":"Keisuke Nishioka , Maki Nakagawa , Yoko Tanino , Takaaki Nakaya","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Various bacteria are present in the oral cavity and constitute the oral microbiota. Although the oral microbiota has been analyzed using next-generation sequencing, few studies have investigated whether specific commensal bacteria directly affect immune responses to infections. Here, we focused on <em>Neisseria</em> species present in the oral cavity and investigated their effects on respiratory cells infected with several viruses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six <em>Neisseria</em> species were isolated from human saliva. The epithelial cell lines were stimulated with bacterial culture supernatants before viral infection. Changes in the viral susceptibility were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Culture supernatants of two <em>Neisseria</em> species were found to affect cells susceptible to influenza viral infection and suppress influenza viral replication. The mechanism underlying the suppression of <em>N. perflava</em> was further investigated. This activity was observed in the 10–30 kDa protein range fractionated by ultrafiltration. Although viral replication was suppressed by stimulation with bacterial proteins, the infection efficiency of the virus and cytokine production were unaffected. Replication of SARS-CoV-2 and human rhinovirus were also suppressed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Viral infection was performed after supernatant stimulation, suggesting that exposure to oral bacteria directly affects viral infection in the surrounding cells. This effect has been observed for several viruses. Viral genome replication in cells may be suppressed by enhanced expression of viral replication suppression genes. Further analyses are required to elucidate the detailed underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-03-22DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100657
Siyuan Liu , Yi Wang , Chun Xu
Objectives
Candida species (Candida spp.) are among the most common opportunistic pathogens inhabiting the oral cavity and frequently cause infection in immunocompromised individuals. Conventional antibiotic treatments for Candida infections face significant challenges, including the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. This highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies, particularly those leveraging natural products.
Methods
In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of an aqueous lemon myrtle extract on the colonization and virulence of six Candida spp., including microbial adhesion, biofilm formation, extracellular polysaccharide production, hyphal production, and several invasion-associated virulence factors.
Results
The extract significantly reduced Candida adhesion to hard surfaces and inhibited biofilm formation. Additionally, it suppressed the production of insoluble extracellular polysaccharides and various invasion-associated virulence factors, including phospholipase, ergosterol, protease, and hyphal formation.
Conclusions
These findings provide a better understanding of the potential role of lemon myrtle extract as a natural therapeutic agent for controlling Candida colonization and mitigating its invasive capabilities. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of lemon myrtle as a promising alternative for the management of Candida infections.
{"title":"Suppressive effects of lemon myrtle extract against the colonization and virulence factors of Candida spp.","authors":"Siyuan Liu , Yi Wang , Chun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Candida</em> species (<em>Candida</em> spp.) are among the most common opportunistic pathogens inhabiting the oral cavity and frequently cause infection in immunocompromised individuals. Conventional antibiotic treatments for <em>Candida</em> infections face significant challenges, including the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. This highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies, particularly those leveraging natural products.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of an aqueous lemon myrtle extract on the colonization and virulence of six <em>Candida</em> spp., including microbial adhesion, biofilm formation, extracellular polysaccharide production, hyphal production, and several invasion-associated virulence factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The extract significantly reduced <em>Candida</em> adhesion to hard surfaces and inhibited biofilm formation. Additionally, it suppressed the production of insoluble extracellular polysaccharides and various invasion-associated virulence factors, including phospholipase, ergosterol, protease, and hyphal formation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings provide a better understanding of the potential role of lemon myrtle extract as a natural therapeutic agent for controlling <em>Candida</em> colonization and mitigating its invasive capabilities. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of lemon myrtle as a promising alternative for the management of <em>Candida</em> infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-04-30DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100669
Simone Kreve, Andréa C. dos Reis
Background
Antimicrobial resistance undermines the effectiveness of drugs for treating implant-associated infections. Consequently, there is growing interest in identifying alternative methods to prevent and eliminate infections. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether the electrical stimulation of titanium implants or titanium-based implant materials has antimicrobial properties against bacterial biofilms. The search was conducted in various databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, in February 2024. In addition, a manual search of the reference lists of the included articles was conducted. The eligibility criteria included in vivo and in vitro studies evaluating the effects of electrical stimulation on titanium implants or titanium-based implant materials in reducing biofilm formation or adhesion as well as eradicating or reducing the viability of bacterial biofilms. The variability between studies was determined using the inverse variance method with random- and fixed-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 and prediction interval statistics. Publication bias was qualitatively evaluated using funnel plots.
Highlights
Different electrical stimulation (ES) parameters (current and voltage) exhibited antibacterial activity, resulting in either bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects.
Conclusions
ES in titanium or titanium-based implant materials confers antimicrobial capacity against bacterial biofilms, and its effectiveness depends on the applied tension. The association between ES and antimicrobials was more robust than with ES administered individually.
抗生素耐药性破坏了治疗种植体相关感染药物的有效性。因此，人们对确定预防和消除感染的替代方法越来越感兴趣。本系统综述的目的是确定钛植入物或钛基植入物材料的电刺激是否对细菌生物膜具有抗菌性能。检索于2024年2月在PubMed/Medline、Web of Science、EMBASE、SCOPUS和谷歌Scholar等多个数据库中进行。此外，还进行了人工检索纳入文章的参考文献列表。资格标准包括体内和体外研究，评估电刺激对钛植入物或钛基植入材料在减少生物膜形成或粘附以及根除或降低细菌生物膜活力方面的影响。研究之间的可变性是用随机效应和固定效应模型的反方差法确定的。异质性评估采用I2和预测区间统计。发表偏倚采用漏斗图进行定性评价。不同的电刺激（ES）参数（电流和电压）表现出抗菌活性，导致抑菌或杀菌效果。结论钛或钛基种植材料中的硒具有抗细菌生物膜的能力，其效果取决于施加的张力。ES和抗菌剂之间的相关性比单独使用ES更强。
{"title":"Efficacy of electrical stimulation for antimicrobial capacity of titanium materials implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Simone Kreve, Andréa C. dos Reis","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antimicrobial resistance undermines the effectiveness of drugs for treating implant-associated infections. Consequently, there is growing interest in identifying alternative methods to prevent and eliminate infections. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether the electrical stimulation of titanium implants or titanium-based implant materials has antimicrobial properties against bacterial biofilms. The search was conducted in various databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, in February 2024. In addition, a manual search of the reference lists of the included articles was conducted. The eligibility criteria included in vivo and in vitro studies evaluating the effects of electrical stimulation on titanium implants or titanium-based implant materials in reducing biofilm formation or adhesion as well as eradicating or reducing the viability of bacterial biofilms. The variability between studies was determined using the inverse variance method with random- and fixed-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 and prediction interval statistics. Publication bias was qualitatively evaluated using funnel plots.</div></div><div><h3>Highlights</h3><div>Different electrical stimulation (ES) parameters (current and voltage) exhibited antibacterial activity, resulting in either bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ES in titanium or titanium-based implant materials confers antimicrobial capacity against bacterial biofilms, and its effectiveness depends on the applied tension. The association between ES and antimicrobials was more robust than with ES administered individually.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100663
Xuanyu Liu , Tomoka Hasegawa , Mako Sakakibara , Tomomaya Yamamoto , Mai Haraguchi-Kitakamae , Hotaka Ishizu , Yan Shi , Jiaxin Cui , Weisong Li , Wang Haoyu , Hiromi Hongo , Tomohiro Shimizu , Yoichi Ohiro , Norio Amizuka
Objective
To clarify the mechanism of bone anabolism induced by the parathyroid hormone-related peptide analog abaloparatide, we histochemically examined the femora of ovariectomized mice treated with abaloparatide.
Methods
Twelve-week-old female C57BL/6J mice underwent ovariectomies (OVX), and were then administered either abaloparatide (30 μg/kg/day: OVX + ABL group) or vehicle (OVX group) via daily intraperitoneal injection. Femora were harvested at 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-administration and subjected to micro-CT imaging, TRAP, cathepsin K, ALP, and PHOSPHO1 staining, along with calcein labeling.
Results
In the OVX group, trabecular number and bone volume gradually decreased over time, whereas the OVX + ABL group maintained these values to 6 weeks after OVX. The numbers of TRAP-positive/cathepsin K-reactive osteoclasts per bone surface area were similar between the OVX and OVX + ABL group, except for a temporary increase at 4 weeks in the OVX group. In the OVX group, the areas of ALP-positive osteoblastic cells and PHOSPHO1-reactive mature osteoblasts decreased, whereas in the OVX + ABL group, ALP-positive osteoblastic cells surrounded the trabeculae, and long lines of PHOSPHO1-reactive mature osteoblasts expanded to the terminal region of the trabeculae. In addition, long continuous calcein labeling was seen on slightly convex new bone, indicating modeling-based bone formation in the OVX + ABL group. The bone formation rate/bone surface ratio and the total length of modeling-based bone formation sites were higher in the OVX + ABL group than in the OVX group.
Conclusion
Abaloparatide suppresses bone loss following ovariectomy by promoting both remodeling-based and modeling-based bone formation.
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