Journal of Oral Biosciences最新文献_第9页

Efficacy of electrical stimulation for antimicrobial capacity of titanium materials implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis 电刺激对钛材料植入物抗菌能力的影响：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100669

Simone Kreve, Andréa C. dos Reis

Background

Antimicrobial resistance undermines the effectiveness of drugs for treating implant-associated infections. Consequently, there is growing interest in identifying alternative methods to prevent and eliminate infections. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether the electrical stimulation of titanium implants or titanium-based implant materials has antimicrobial properties against bacterial biofilms. The search was conducted in various databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, in February 2024. In addition, a manual search of the reference lists of the included articles was conducted. The eligibility criteria included in vivo and in vitro studies evaluating the effects of electrical stimulation on titanium implants or titanium-based implant materials in reducing biofilm formation or adhesion as well as eradicating or reducing the viability of bacterial biofilms. The variability between studies was determined using the inverse variance method with random- and fixed-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 and prediction interval statistics. Publication bias was qualitatively evaluated using funnel plots.

Highlights

Different electrical stimulation (ES) parameters (current and voltage) exhibited antibacterial activity, resulting in either bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects.

Conclusions

ES in titanium or titanium-based implant materials confers antimicrobial capacity against bacterial biofilms, and its effectiveness depends on the applied tension. The association between ES and antimicrobials was more robust than with ES administered individually.

抗生素耐药性破坏了治疗种植体相关感染药物的有效性。因此，人们对确定预防和消除感染的替代方法越来越感兴趣。本系统综述的目的是确定钛植入物或钛基植入物材料的电刺激是否对细菌生物膜具有抗菌性能。检索于2024年2月在PubMed/Medline、Web of Science、EMBASE、SCOPUS和谷歌Scholar等多个数据库中进行。此外，还进行了人工检索纳入文章的参考文献列表。资格标准包括体内和体外研究，评估电刺激对钛植入物或钛基植入材料在减少生物膜形成或粘附以及根除或降低细菌生物膜活力方面的影响。研究之间的可变性是用随机效应和固定效应模型的反方差法确定的。异质性评估采用I2和预测区间统计。发表偏倚采用漏斗图进行定性评价。不同的电刺激（ES）参数（电流和电压）表现出抗菌活性，导致抑菌或杀菌效果。结论钛或钛基种植材料中的硒具有抗细菌生物膜的能力，其效果取决于施加的张力。ES和抗菌剂之间的相关性比单独使用ES更强。

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引用次数: 0

Role of glucose metabolism in amelogenesis 葡萄糖代谢在淀粉形成中的作用

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100667

Hiroko Ida-Yonemochi

Background

Cell energy metabolism plays a pivotal role in organ development and function by regulating cell behavior in pathophysiological conditions. Glucose metabolism is the central cascade for obtaining energy in mammalian cells, and cells alter the glucose metabolic pathway depending on intra- and extracellular environments. Therefore, glucose metabolism is closely associated with cell differentiation stages, and cell energy metabolism plays a vital role not only in energy production but also in cell fate regulation in organogenesis.

Highlight

During enamel formation, the timing of the expression of passive and active glucose transporters, glycogen synthesis, and glycogen degradation is strictly regulated according to the energy demand of ameloblast-lineage cells. These glucose metabolic reactions are particularly active in the maturation stage of ameloblasts. Furthermore, autophagy, a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis that modulates glucose metabolism, occurs during both the secretory and maturation stages of ameloblasts. Disruption of glucose metabolism cascade and autophagy induces enamel hypoplasia, as demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Conclusion

Adequate energy supply via glucose metabolism is essential for enamel matrix secretion and maturation. A thorough understanding of the precise regulation of energy metabolism in amelogenesis facilitates comprehension of the normal enamel formation process and pathological conditions affecting it. This review summarizes glucose metabolic processes during amelogenesis, focusing on glucose uptake, glycogenesis, and glycogenolysis.

细胞能量代谢通过调节病理生理条件下的细胞行为，在器官发育和功能中起着关键作用。葡萄糖代谢是哺乳动物细胞获取能量的核心级联，细胞根据细胞内和细胞外环境改变葡萄糖代谢途径。因此，葡萄糖代谢与细胞分化阶段密切相关，细胞能量代谢不仅在能量产生中起着重要作用，而且在器官发生过程中对细胞命运的调节也起着至关重要的作用。在牙釉质形成过程中，被动和主动葡萄糖转运蛋白的表达、糖原合成和糖原降解的时间受到成釉细胞能量需求的严格调控。这些葡萄糖代谢反应在成釉细胞成熟阶段尤为活跃。此外，自噬是调节葡萄糖代谢的细胞能量稳态的关键调节因子，发生在成釉细胞的分泌和成熟阶段。体外和体内模型均证实，糖代谢级联和自噬的破坏可诱导牙釉质发育不全。结论糖代谢对牙釉质基质分泌和成熟有重要作用。深入了解成釉过程中能量代谢的精确调控有助于理解正常的牙釉质形成过程和影响牙釉质形成的病理条件。本文综述了淀粉发生过程中的葡萄糖代谢过程，重点介绍了葡萄糖摄取、糖原发生和糖原分解。

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引用次数: 0

Chemokine receptor 5 signaling in oral diseases and degenerative temporomandibular joint disease 趋化因子受体5信号在口腔疾病和退行性颞下颌关节疾病中的作用

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100666

Haruhisa Watanabe , Riyu Koguchi , Takashi S. Kajii , Yutaka Maruoka , Tadahiro Iimura

Background

Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)-mediated signals are involved in various biological responses and inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have revealed the roles of this signaling pathway in bone metabolism, metabolic bone diseases, and joint diseases.

Highlight

Through preclinical and clinical studies, our research group has demonstrated that CCR5 signaling is deeply involved in degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Conclusion

In this short review, we outline the diverse functions of CCR5 signaling in oral and degenerative TMJ diseases.

趋化因子受体5 （CCR5）介导的信号参与多种生物反应和炎症性疾病。近年来的研究揭示了该信号通路在骨代谢、代谢性骨病和关节疾病中的作用。通过临床前和临床研究，本课课组已证实CCR5信号通路深度参与颞下颌关节（TMJ）退行性改变。在这篇简短的综述中，我们概述了CCR5信号在口腔和退行性TMJ疾病中的多种功能。

引用次数: 0

Neisseria perflava isolated from a clinical sample reduces influenza virus replication in respiratory cells 从临床样本中分离出的per黄奈瑟菌可减少流感病毒在呼吸道细胞中的复制

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100665

Keisuke Nishioka , Maki Nakagawa , Yoko Tanino , Takaaki Nakaya

Objectives

Various bacteria are present in the oral cavity and constitute the oral microbiota. Although the oral microbiota has been analyzed using next-generation sequencing, few studies have investigated whether specific commensal bacteria directly affect immune responses to infections. Here, we focused on Neisseria species present in the oral cavity and investigated their effects on respiratory cells infected with several viruses.

Methods

Six Neisseria species were isolated from human saliva. The epithelial cell lines were stimulated with bacterial culture supernatants before viral infection. Changes in the viral susceptibility were assessed.

Results

Culture supernatants of two Neisseria species were found to affect cells susceptible to influenza viral infection and suppress influenza viral replication. The mechanism underlying the suppression of N. perflava was further investigated. This activity was observed in the 10–30 kDa protein range fractionated by ultrafiltration. Although viral replication was suppressed by stimulation with bacterial proteins, the infection efficiency of the virus and cytokine production were unaffected. Replication of SARS-CoV-2 and human rhinovirus were also suppressed.

Conclusion

Viral infection was performed after supernatant stimulation, suggesting that exposure to oral bacteria directly affects viral infection in the surrounding cells. This effect has been observed for several viruses. Viral genome replication in cells may be suppressed by enhanced expression of viral replication suppression genes. Further analyses are required to elucidate the detailed underlying mechanisms.

目的口腔内存在多种细菌，构成口腔微生物群。虽然口腔微生物群已经使用新一代测序进行了分析，但很少有研究调查特定的共生菌是否直接影响对感染的免疫反应。本研究以口腔内存在的奈瑟菌为研究对象，研究了它们对感染几种病毒的呼吸道细胞的影响。方法从人唾液中分离出6种奈瑟菌。在病毒感染前用细菌培养上清液刺激上皮细胞系。评估病毒易感性的变化。结果两种奈瑟菌培养上清液均能影响流感病毒易感细胞，抑制流感病毒复制。进一步研究了黄花霉抑制的机制。在超滤分离的10-30 kDa蛋白范围内观察到这种活性。虽然细菌蛋白刺激可以抑制病毒复制，但病毒的感染效率和细胞因子的产生不受影响。SARS-CoV-2和人鼻病毒的复制也被抑制。结论上清刺激后发生病毒感染，提示口腔细菌暴露直接影响周围细胞的病毒感染。对几种病毒已观察到这种效应。病毒复制抑制基因的增强表达可以抑制细胞内病毒基因组的复制。需要进一步的分析来阐明详细的潜在机制。

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引用次数: 0

Histochemical assessment of the anabolic effects of abaloparatide on the femoral metaphyses of ovariectomized mice 去卵巢小鼠股骨干合成代谢作用的组织化学评价

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100663

Xuanyu Liu , Tomoka Hasegawa , Mako Sakakibara , Tomomaya Yamamoto , Mai Haraguchi-Kitakamae , Hotaka Ishizu , Yan Shi , Jiaxin Cui , Weisong Li , Wang Haoyu , Hiromi Hongo , Tomohiro Shimizu , Yoichi Ohiro , Norio Amizuka

Objective

To clarify the mechanism of bone anabolism induced by the parathyroid hormone-related peptide analog abaloparatide, we histochemically examined the femora of ovariectomized mice treated with abaloparatide.

Methods

Twelve-week-old female C57BL/6J mice underwent ovariectomies (OVX), and were then administered either abaloparatide (30 μg/kg/day: OVX + ABL group) or vehicle (OVX group) via daily intraperitoneal injection. Femora were harvested at 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-administration and subjected to micro-CT imaging, TRAP, cathepsin K, ALP, and PHOSPHO1 staining, along with calcein labeling.

Results

In the OVX group, trabecular number and bone volume gradually decreased over time, whereas the OVX + ABL group maintained these values to 6 weeks after OVX. The numbers of TRAP-positive/cathepsin K-reactive osteoclasts per bone surface area were similar between the OVX and OVX + ABL group, except for a temporary increase at 4 weeks in the OVX group. In the OVX group, the areas of ALP-positive osteoblastic cells and PHOSPHO1-reactive mature osteoblasts decreased, whereas in the OVX + ABL group, ALP-positive osteoblastic cells surrounded the trabeculae, and long lines of PHOSPHO1-reactive mature osteoblasts expanded to the terminal region of the trabeculae. In addition, long continuous calcein labeling was seen on slightly convex new bone, indicating modeling-based bone formation in the OVX + ABL group. The bone formation rate/bone surface ratio and the total length of modeling-based bone formation sites were higher in the OVX + ABL group than in the OVX group.

Conclusion

Abaloparatide suppresses bone loss following ovariectomy by promoting both remodeling-based and modeling-based bone formation.

目的通过对去卵巢小鼠的股骨进行组织化学检测，探讨甲状旁腺激素相关肽类似物阿巴巴拉肽诱导骨合成代谢的机制。方法12周龄雌性C57BL/6J小鼠经卵巢切除术（OVX）后，每天腹腔注射阿巴巴拉肽（30 μg/kg/d: OVX + ABL组）或对照物（OVX组）。在给药后0、2、4和6周采集股骨，进行显微ct成像、TRAP、组织蛋白酶K、ALP和PHOSPHO1染色，并进行钙黄蛋白标记。结果OVX组骨小梁数和骨体积随时间逐渐减少，而OVX + ABL组在OVX后6周内保持不变。在OVX和OVX + ABL组之间，每个骨表面积的trap阳性/cathepsin k反应性破骨细胞的数量相似，除了OVX组在4周时暂时增加。OVX组中，alp阳性的成骨细胞和phospho1反应的成熟成骨细胞的面积减少，而OVX + ABL组中，alp阳性的成骨细胞包围小梁，并且长列的phospho1反应的成熟成骨细胞扩展到小梁末端区域。此外，在略凸的新骨上可见长时间连续的钙黄蛋白标记，表明OVX + ABL组骨形成基于建模。OVX + ABL组骨形成率/骨面比和基于模型的骨形成位点总长度均高于OVX组。结论阿巴帕肽通过促进骨重建和骨模型形成来抑制卵巢切除术后骨丢失。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of PilX, pilus component of Streptococcus sanguinis 血链球菌菌毛成分PilX的鉴定

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100664

Li Yixuan , Masanobu Nakata , Hirono Migita , Airi Matsumoto , Yuichi Oogai , Katsuki Takebe , Masaya Yamaguchi , Nobuo Okahashi , Tomoko Sumitomo , Shigetada Kawabata

Objectives

Streptococcus sanguinis is an oral commensal bacterium that promotes dental biofilm formation and causes infective endocarditis. S. sanguinis strain SK36 produces pili comprising PilA, PilB, and PilC. This study determined whether the ssa1635 gene adjacent to the pilus-related gene locus encodes a pilus component and its roles in biofilm formation and eukaryotic cell adhesion.

Methods

Using a series of mutant strains and antisera against PilA, PilB, PilC, and SSA1635, immunoblot analyses and immunoprecipitation assays were performed for SSA1635 characterization. Both involvement of the deduced pilus-specific transpeptidase SrtC in pilus assembly and SSA1635 localization were examined by immunoblot analysis of various mutant strains. Furthermore, biofilm formation assays on saliva-coated surfaces and adhesion to HeLa cells were conducted to assess functions.

Results

SSA1635, designated as PilX, formed complexes with PilA, PilB, and PilC. PilX was identified as a tip pilin incorporated into the pilus structure by SrtC. Notably, deletion of pilX impaired polymerization of other pilins. Furthermore, a pilX deletion mutant exhibited decreased biofilm formation compared with the wild-type and revertant strains and comparable rates of adherence to HeLa cells.

Conclusions

PilX is a potential pilin tip that may aid in facilitating the polymerization of other pilins. PilX contributes to biofilm formation, although it appears to be dispensable for adhesion to HeLa cells. Further characterization of PilX-binding specificities will provide valuable insights into the colonization mechanism of S. sanguinis.

目的：血链球菌是一种促进口腔生物膜形成并引起感染性心内膜炎的口腔共生菌。血链球菌菌株SK36产生由PilA、PilB和PilC组成的毛。本研究确定了菌毛相关基因位点附近的ssa1635基因是否编码菌毛成分及其在生物膜形成和真核细胞粘附中的作用。方法利用一系列突变株和抗PilA、PilB、PilC和SSA1635的抗血清，采用免疫印迹和免疫沉淀法对SSA1635进行鉴定。利用免疫印迹法检测了不同突变株的菌毛转肽酶SrtC在菌毛组装中的作用和SSA1635的定位。此外，通过唾液包被表面的生物膜形成和与HeLa细胞的粘附来评估其功能。结果sssa1635与PilA、PilB、PilC形成配合物，命名为PilX。通过SrtC鉴定，PilX是一种嵌入到菌毛结构中的尖端菌毛。值得注意的是，pilX的缺失损害了其他pilins的聚合。此外，与野生型和逆转菌株相比，pilX缺失突变株的生物膜形成减少，与HeLa细胞的粘附率也相当。结论spilx是一种潜在的药柱尖端，可能有助于促进其他药柱的聚合。PilX有助于生物膜的形成，尽管它对HeLa细胞的粘附似乎是必不可少的。进一步表征pilx结合特异性将为血链球菌的定植机制提供有价值的见解。

{"title":"Identification of PilX, pilus component of Streptococcus sanguinis","authors":"Li Yixuan , Masanobu Nakata , Hirono Migita , Airi Matsumoto , Yuichi Oogai , Katsuki Takebe , Masaya Yamaguchi , Nobuo Okahashi , Tomoko Sumitomo , Shigetada Kawabata","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Streptococcus sanguinis</em> is an oral commensal bacterium that promotes dental biofilm formation and causes infective endocarditis. <em>S. sanguinis</em> strain SK36 produces pili comprising PilA, PilB, and PilC. This study determined whether the <em>ssa</em>1635 gene adjacent to the pilus-related gene locus encodes a pilus component and its roles in biofilm formation and eukaryotic cell adhesion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a series of mutant strains and antisera against PilA, PilB, PilC, and SSA1635, immunoblot analyses and immunoprecipitation assays were performed for SSA1635 characterization. Both involvement of the deduced pilus-specific transpeptidase SrtC in pilus assembly and SSA1635 localization were examined by immunoblot analysis of various mutant strains. Furthermore, biofilm formation assays on saliva-coated surfaces and adhesion to HeLa cells were conducted to assess functions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SSA1635, designated as PilX, formed complexes with PilA, PilB, and PilC. PilX was identified as a tip pilin incorporated into the pilus structure by SrtC. Notably, deletion of <em>pilX</em> impaired polymerization of other pilins. Furthermore, a <em>pilX</em> deletion mutant exhibited decreased biofilm formation compared with the wild-type and revertant strains and comparable rates of adherence to HeLa cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PilX is a potential pilin tip that may aid in facilitating the polymerization of other pilins. PilX contributes to biofilm formation, although it appears to be dispensable for adhesion to HeLa cells. Further characterization of PilX-binding specificities will provide valuable insights into the colonization mechanism of <em>S. sanguinis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reply to Dr. Nicholas G. Fischer: Letter to “Mirror-polished ceria-stabilized zirconia/alumina nanocomposite enhances gingival junctional epithelial cell adhesion” 回复Dr. Nicholas G. Fischer：致“镜面抛光氧化铈稳定氧化锆/氧化铝纳米复合材料增强牙龈结上皮细胞粘附”的信

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100662

Shoma Yamamori , Eri Urano-Morisawa , Ayako Mochizuki , Ryo Aizawa , Fuminori Iwasa , Matsuo Yamamoto , Kazuyoshi Baba

引用次数: 0

Impact of enamel matrix proteins combined with collagen membranes on osteoblastic cell cultures 牙釉质基质蛋白结合胶原膜对成骨细胞培养的影响。

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100659

Vanessa Cordeiro Silva , Gabrielle Moreira Matos , Iara Gonçalves de Aquino , Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez , Larissa Moreira Spinola de Castro-Raucci , Andresa Borges Soares , Vera Cavalcanti de Araújo , Lucas Novaes Teixeira

Objective

Biodegradable collagen membranes are widely used in guided bone regeneration. This study evaluated the effect of enamel matrix proteins (Emdogain®) combined with two collagen membranes (Bio-Gide® or Collprotect®) on osteoblastic cell cultures.

Methods

Human osteoblastic cells were cultured on Bio-Gide® or Collprotect® membranes coated with Emdogain® or left uncoated. The assessed parameters included amelogenin quantification at 1 h, 12 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days; cell morphology at 1 day; cell proliferation at 1, 2, and 3 days; gene expression of COL1A1, IBSP, SPP1, and BGLAP at 1 day; Collagen type I quantification at 3 and 7 days; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 3 and 7 days; and mineralization at 14 days. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results

Higher amelogenin levels were detected in Bio-Gide® cultures than in Collprotect® cultures after 3 and 7 days. Cells adhered and spread in all experimental groups. Cell proliferation was higher in Bio-Gide® cultures after 3 days (p < 0.05). Gene expression of COL1A1, IBSP, and SPP1 was greater in Bio-Gide® cultures with Emdogain® after 1 day. There was higher collagen type I secretion by cultures grown on collagen membranes coated with Emdogain®, particularly on Bio-Gide® cultures at 7 days. ALP activity was also higher in Bio-Gide® cultures at 7 days (p < 0.05). Greater mineralization was detected in cultures grown on Bio-Gide® with Emdogain® (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Combining collagen membranes, particularly Bio-Gide®, with enamel matrix proteins promotes osteogenesis in vitro, potentially advancing bone tissue regeneration and preservation methods.

目的：生物可降解胶原膜在骨引导再生中的广泛应用。本研究评估了牙釉质基质蛋白（Emdogain®）联合两种胶原膜（Bio-Gide®或Collprotect®）对成骨细胞培养的影响。方法：将人成骨细胞培养在包被Emdogain或未包被的Bio-Gide®或Collprotect®膜上。评估参数包括：1 h、12 h、1 d、3 d和7 d的淀粉原蛋白定量；第1天细胞形态；1、2、3天细胞增殖；1 d时COL1A1、IBSP、SPP1、BGLAP基因表达；第3天和第7天进行I型胶原定量；3、7 d碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性；矿化在14天。数据分析采用双向方差分析或Kruskal-Wallis检验。结果：在3和7天后，Bio-Gide®培养物中检测到的淀粉原蛋白水平高于Collprotect®培养物。各实验组细胞均有粘附和扩散。结论：将胶原膜，特别是Bio-Gide®与牙釉质基质蛋白结合可以促进体外成骨，潜在地促进骨组织再生和保存方法。

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引用次数: 0

Saliva composition from birth to adolescence: a systematic review of the literature 唾液组成从出生到青春期：文献的系统回顾。

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100661

Samira Moradi , Floris J. Bikker , Daniela Hesse

Background

This systematic review examined the saliva composition of healthy children from birth to 18 years of age by assessing the salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity, and ion levels. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search was performed using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus. Information regarding the salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity, and ion levels in whole saliva was systematically collected, and a qualitative synthesis was performed. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools.

Highlight

Of the 3,268 retrieved studies, 41 were eligible for inclusion. Unstimulated salivary flow showed an age-related decrease, whereas stimulated salivary flow increased with age. The pH of the saliva remained consistent across different ages, whereas the buffering capacity showed an age-related increase. Salivary sodium, calcium, and potassium levels were lower in the younger children than in the older children. An investigation of salivary ion levels revealed lower average fluoride concentrations in Asian populations than in European populations. Most studies had a low or moderate risk of bias.

Conclusion

This systematic review highlights age-dependent differences in salivary flow and composition in healthy children from birth to 18 years of age. The flow rate of unstimulated saliva decreased with age, while the flow rate of stimulated saliva increased. The salivary pH remained stable, whereas the buffering capacity increased with age. Furthermore, salivary sodium, calcium, and potassium levels tend to increase with age. These findings underscore the dynamic nature of salivary composition from childhood to adolescence.

背景：本系统综述通过评估唾液流速、pH 值、缓冲能力和离子水平，研究了出生至 18 岁健康儿童的唾液组成。本综述遵循 PRISMA 指南。我们使用 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆和 Scopus 进行了系统检索。系统收集了有关唾液流速、pH 值、缓冲能力和整个唾液中离子水平的信息，并进行了定性综合。研究的方法学质量采用 JBI 关键评估工具（JBI Critical Appraisal Tools.Highlight）进行评估：在检索到的 3268 项研究中，有 41 项符合纳入条件。未受刺激的唾液流量随年龄增长而减少，而受刺激的唾液流量则随年龄增长而增加。唾液的 pH 值在不同年龄段保持一致，而缓冲能力则随着年龄的增长而增加。低龄儿童唾液中的钠、钙和钾含量低于高龄儿童。对唾液离子水平的调查显示，亚洲人的平均氟浓度低于欧洲人。大多数研究存在低度或中度偏倚风险：本系统综述强调了健康儿童（从出生到 18 岁）唾液流量和组成的年龄差异。随着年龄的增长，非刺激性唾液的流速下降，而刺激性唾液的流速上升。唾液的 pH 值保持稳定，而缓冲能力则随着年龄的增长而增加。此外，唾液中的钠、钙和钾含量也会随着年龄的增长而增加。这些发现强调了唾液成分从儿童期到青春期的动态性质。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive anatomical dissection procedure with special reference to the layer-structured facial muscles and fasciae and mouth floor 全面的解剖程序，特别参考分层结构的面部肌肉、筋膜和口底。

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences

Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2025.100660

Hisako Takami , Yuka Kobayashi , Sanako Makishi-Takano , Yuji Katsumi , Noboru Sato , Hayato Ohshima

Objectives

Conventional head and neck practice procedures fail to address several clinical issues. Anatomical structures were removed from the surface layers in that order, and the dissection was shifted to the deeper layer. This approach makes it difficult for medical and dental students to understand the relationships among various anatomical structures. Furthermore, it is difficult to determine the risk on the mandibular nerves and blood vessels during conventional mandible removal procedures. This study aims to develop an anatomical technique that maintains the skin, superficial facial muscles/fasciae, and mandibles, and to reveal the relationships among the bones, muscles, fasciae, blood vessels, and nerves of the face and floor of the mouth.

Methods

A total of 43 human cadavers were examined during gross anatomy courses at Niigata University from 2018 to 2022.

Results

Using this dissection method, students were able to understand the relationship between the facial muscles/fasciae, nerves, blood vessels, and muscles without removing the skin. Furthermore, this dissection helps surgeons to understand the risk of nerve and vascular damage during surgery as well as the efficiency of facelift methods.

Conclusions

This study provided a clarity on anatomical dissection in the head and neck region and the relationship between anatomical structures from a clinical perspective.

目的：传统的头颈部实践程序未能解决几个临床问题。解剖结构按此顺序从表层去除，解剖转移到更深层。这种方法使得医学和牙科学生很难理解各种解剖结构之间的关系。此外，很难确定在传统的下颌骨切除手术中对下颌神经和血管的风险。本研究旨在发展一种维持皮肤、面部浅肌/筋膜和下颌骨的解剖学技术，并揭示面部和口腔底的骨骼、肌肉、筋膜、血管和神经之间的关系。方法：对2018 - 2022年新泻大学大体解剖学课程中43具人体尸体进行检查。结果：采用解剖法，学生在不去除皮肤的情况下，能够了解面部肌肉/筋膜、神经、血管和肌肉之间的关系。此外，这种解剖有助于外科医生了解手术过程中神经和血管损伤的风险以及拉皮方法的效率。结论：本研究从临床角度明确了头颈部的解剖解剖及解剖结构之间的关系。

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引用次数: 0