Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2098434
S. Dukmak, Anwar Mousa, Mahmoud Algharaibeh
ABSTRACT Background This study investigates the impact of behavior problems on stress that parents may experience due to raising children with intellectual and developmental disabilities, in relation to various child and parental characteristics. Method 175 parents of children with developmental and/or intellectual disabilities and with behavior problems from four Emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) completed a quantitative questionnaire. Results Parental stress was significantly correlated with children’s behavior problems as indicated by t-test, correlation, and regression analysis. Parents’ stress was also correlated with the type and severity of children’s disability, children’s gender, and children’s age group of 16–20 years. Parents’ stress increased with mothers’ age at 21–30 years and decreased where a housemaid was employed. However, parents’ stress was lowest when the housemaid provided no service to the child. There was no relationship between parents’ stress and their gender, level of education, or marital status. Conclusion The UAE government and non-governmental groups should take steps to improve the psychological well-being of parents of children with developmental and/or intellectual disabilities and behavior problems, a key intervention being the enhancement of behavioral support services to such parents.
{"title":"Child Behavior Problems as Predictors of Stress in Parents of Children with Developmental and Intellectual Disabilities in Four Emirates of the United Arab Emirates","authors":"S. Dukmak, Anwar Mousa, Mahmoud Algharaibeh","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2098434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2098434","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background This study investigates the impact of behavior problems on stress that parents may experience due to raising children with intellectual and developmental disabilities, in relation to various child and parental characteristics. Method 175 parents of children with developmental and/or intellectual disabilities and with behavior problems from four Emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) completed a quantitative questionnaire. Results Parental stress was significantly correlated with children’s behavior problems as indicated by t-test, correlation, and regression analysis. Parents’ stress was also correlated with the type and severity of children’s disability, children’s gender, and children’s age group of 16–20 years. Parents’ stress increased with mothers’ age at 21–30 years and decreased where a housemaid was employed. However, parents’ stress was lowest when the housemaid provided no service to the child. There was no relationship between parents’ stress and their gender, level of education, or marital status. Conclusion The UAE government and non-governmental groups should take steps to improve the psychological well-being of parents of children with developmental and/or intellectual disabilities and behavior problems, a key intervention being the enhancement of behavioral support services to such parents.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"41 1","pages":"114 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82355194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-08DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2098432
Kylie Hinde, J. Mason, L. Kannis-Dymand, P. Millear, R. Sultana
ABSTRACT Background Intellectual disability and mental health disorders constitute a major health problem globally with higher economic burden in low- and middle-income countries such as Bangladesh. In 2017, the World Bank estimated that 85% of the global population lived in low-middle-income countries. Limited research has explored health practitioner knowledge and/or confidence in the diagnosis and treatment of mental health issues in persons with intellectual disabilities (IDs) in low-income countries such as Bangladesh. Method One hundred and ninety-seven Bangladeshi-based health practitioners were grouped into 7 main professional groups according the current Bangladeshi health hierarchy (psychiatrists; traditional healers and community workers; medical doctors; nurses; psychologists; allied health: speech therapists, occupational therapists, social workers; and others: teachers physiotherapists, administration staff). A 34-item online survey was completed, which included questions measuring symptoms of common mental health disorders with reference to the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disabilities, and questions measuring confidence working with persons with IDs from the Therapy Confidence Scale-Intellectual Disabilities. Results Participants demonstrated low knowledge of symptomology but were “confident” working with people with IDs. Kruskal–Wallis H tests indicated a significant effect of professional group on both overall knowledge and confidence levels, respectively. Traditional healers and community health workers had significantly more knowledge of symptoms than all other practitioners for obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, psychosis, and hypomania. Conclusion Participants demonstrated confidence, but low knowledge, in treating individuals with IDs. The development of training programs to address specific deficits in knowledge of mental health symptoms, and confidence in using assessment and assessment-based communication, is recommended.
{"title":"Bangladeshi Health Practitioner Knowledge, Confidence in Diagnosis, and Treatment of Mental Health Disorders in People with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Kylie Hinde, J. Mason, L. Kannis-Dymand, P. Millear, R. Sultana","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2098432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2098432","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Intellectual disability and mental health disorders constitute a major health problem globally with higher economic burden in low- and middle-income countries such as Bangladesh. In 2017, the World Bank estimated that 85% of the global population lived in low-middle-income countries. Limited research has explored health practitioner knowledge and/or confidence in the diagnosis and treatment of mental health issues in persons with intellectual disabilities (IDs) in low-income countries such as Bangladesh. Method One hundred and ninety-seven Bangladeshi-based health practitioners were grouped into 7 main professional groups according the current Bangladeshi health hierarchy (psychiatrists; traditional healers and community workers; medical doctors; nurses; psychologists; allied health: speech therapists, occupational therapists, social workers; and others: teachers physiotherapists, administration staff). A 34-item online survey was completed, which included questions measuring symptoms of common mental health disorders with reference to the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disabilities, and questions measuring confidence working with persons with IDs from the Therapy Confidence Scale-Intellectual Disabilities. Results Participants demonstrated low knowledge of symptomology but were “confident” working with people with IDs. Kruskal–Wallis H tests indicated a significant effect of professional group on both overall knowledge and confidence levels, respectively. Traditional healers and community health workers had significantly more knowledge of symptoms than all other practitioners for obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, psychosis, and hypomania. Conclusion Participants demonstrated confidence, but low knowledge, in treating individuals with IDs. The development of training programs to address specific deficits in knowledge of mental health symptoms, and confidence in using assessment and assessment-based communication, is recommended.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"42 1","pages":"205 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90740179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2076959
R. Rinaldi, E. Batselé, Marie-Claire Haelewyck
ABSTRACT Background There is a high prevalence of challenging behaviors (CB) in adults with intellectual disability (ID), which lead to negative personal outcomes and diminished quality of life. Emerging evidence suggest attachment theory could be useful to address CB in adults with ID and lower the negative impact on their social environment. Methods A scoping review of empirical research on attachment and CB in adults with ID was carried out through Medline, Scopus and Psycinfo databases. One thousand and thirty-five articles were found, 58 articles were screened and seven were included. Results There was very limited research on this topic. The main findings were that attachment problems could be positively linked to CB but also to psychological difficulties such as depressive affects and maladaptive coping. Furthermore, it seems that attachment-based interventions may represent an evidence-based strategy to help reduce CB and improve psychological functioning in people with ID and sensorial impairments. Conclusions Although preliminary data suggest association between insecure attachment and CB in adults with ID, further research is needed in order to validate and specify these associations. Clinical and empirical future directions are discussed.
{"title":"Attachment and Challenging Behaviors in Adults with Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review","authors":"R. Rinaldi, E. Batselé, Marie-Claire Haelewyck","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2076959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2076959","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background There is a high prevalence of challenging behaviors (CB) in adults with intellectual disability (ID), which lead to negative personal outcomes and diminished quality of life. Emerging evidence suggest attachment theory could be useful to address CB in adults with ID and lower the negative impact on their social environment. Methods A scoping review of empirical research on attachment and CB in adults with ID was carried out through Medline, Scopus and Psycinfo databases. One thousand and thirty-five articles were found, 58 articles were screened and seven were included. Results There was very limited research on this topic. The main findings were that attachment problems could be positively linked to CB but also to psychological difficulties such as depressive affects and maladaptive coping. Furthermore, it seems that attachment-based interventions may represent an evidence-based strategy to help reduce CB and improve psychological functioning in people with ID and sensorial impairments. Conclusions Although preliminary data suggest association between insecure attachment and CB in adults with ID, further research is needed in order to validate and specify these associations. Clinical and empirical future directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"148 1","pages":"197 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91142062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-13DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2082604
K. Flannigan, Andrew J. Wrath, D. Badry, C. McMorris, Amanda Ewasiuk, Alanna Campbell, Kelly D. Harding
ABSTRACT Introduction Limited research has been conducted on suicidality among individuals with FASD. The purpose of this scoping review was to understand (1) how suicidality has been measured; (2) what proportion of individuals experience suicidality across the lifespan; and (3) what contextual factors are associated with suicidality. Method We conducted a scoping review of the literature on FASD and suicidality. Twenty-eight articles and gray literature sources were included. Results We identified an elevated risk of suicidal ideation, attempts, and death among individuals with FASD. Most studies were Canadian, published within the last 10 years, and focused on adolescents and adults in clinical settings. Only six studies were specifically designed to examine suicidality in FASD. Conclusion This review provides a foundational understanding of suicidality in FASD with important implications for research, policy, and practice. Rates of suicidality across the lifespan are high, underscoring the need for evidence-based approaches to screening, prevention, and treatment.
{"title":"Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Suicidality: What Does the Literature Tell Us?","authors":"K. Flannigan, Andrew J. Wrath, D. Badry, C. McMorris, Amanda Ewasiuk, Alanna Campbell, Kelly D. Harding","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2082604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2082604","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Limited research has been conducted on suicidality among individuals with FASD. The purpose of this scoping review was to understand (1) how suicidality has been measured; (2) what proportion of individuals experience suicidality across the lifespan; and (3) what contextual factors are associated with suicidality. Method We conducted a scoping review of the literature on FASD and suicidality. Twenty-eight articles and gray literature sources were included. Results We identified an elevated risk of suicidal ideation, attempts, and death among individuals with FASD. Most studies were Canadian, published within the last 10 years, and focused on adolescents and adults in clinical settings. Only six studies were specifically designed to examine suicidality in FASD. Conclusion This review provides a foundational understanding of suicidality in FASD with important implications for research, policy, and practice. Rates of suicidality across the lifespan are high, underscoring the need for evidence-based approaches to screening, prevention, and treatment.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"22 1","pages":"217 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82468211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2070810
Mercedes H. Nuñez-Polo
ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study is to validate a Spanish version of the Impact of Event Scale on People with ID (IES-ID). Methods IES-ID was administered to adults with ID (n = 120), analyzing internal consistency, inter-rater and test-retest reliability, criterion validity, construct validity and feasibility. Results Good internal consistency was found in the total of the scale (α = .91). Test-retest and inter-rater correlations yielded excellent level of agreement in the total scale. Criterion validity was significant. Regarding construct validity, the factor analysis yielded three well-defined factors and the model fit of the confirmatory factor analysis appears to be very good. Finally, the feasibility was also very good. Conclusion The Spanish version of the Impact of Event Scale for People with ID (IES-ID) showed adequate indexes of feasibility and reliability to assess the severity of PTSD symptoms in adults with borderline to moderate ID.
{"title":"Spanish Validation of the Impact of Event Scale for People with Intellectual Disabilities, IES-ID","authors":"Mercedes H. Nuñez-Polo","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2070810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2070810","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study is to validate a Spanish version of the Impact of Event Scale on People with ID (IES-ID). Methods IES-ID was administered to adults with ID (n = 120), analyzing internal consistency, inter-rater and test-retest reliability, criterion validity, construct validity and feasibility. Results Good internal consistency was found in the total of the scale (α = .91). Test-retest and inter-rater correlations yielded excellent level of agreement in the total scale. Criterion validity was significant. Regarding construct validity, the factor analysis yielded three well-defined factors and the model fit of the confirmatory factor analysis appears to be very good. Finally, the feasibility was also very good. Conclusion The Spanish version of the Impact of Event Scale for People with ID (IES-ID) showed adequate indexes of feasibility and reliability to assess the severity of PTSD symptoms in adults with borderline to moderate ID.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"310 1","pages":"263 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79968231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2070809
Chang-Jiang Yang, Jiayi Jin, Ye-Wei Sun
ABSTRACT Background Behavior problems of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) bring many difficulties and stress to their parents, thus increasing their risk of depression. Recent studies have shown that the mindfulness and perceived social support may play significant roles in improving the depression of these parents as well as relieve their boundary of stress. However, related research conducted under the context of Mainland China is still limited, and no studies have yet explored the mediating effect of mindfulness and perceived social support on the relationship between behavior of children with ASD and depressive symptoms of parents in Mainland China. Objective The present study aimed to examine the relationship between behavior problems of children with ASD and parents’ depressive symptoms in Mainland China and focused on whether mindfulness and perceived social support may act as mediators in the association between child behavior problems and parents’ depressive symptoms. Method Participants were 286 Chinese parents of children with ASD. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D), the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R), and the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12 (ISEL-12) were adopted to assess: child behavior problems, parental depressive symptoms, individual differences in mindfulness and perceived social support. Results The direct effects of child behavior problems on parental depressive symptoms was statistically significant (direct effect = 0.137, SE = 0.043, p = .002). Child behavior problems also showed a significant indirect effect on parental depressive symptoms through mindfulness (indirect effect = 0.097, SE = 0.025, p < .001) and perceived social support (indirect effect = 0.088, SE = 0.023, p < .001). Conclusions Two variables, mindfulness and perceived social support both played a mediating role in the influence of child behavior problems on parents’ depressive symptoms. Parental depressive symptoms were significantly related to child behavior problems. Consistent with previous studies across diverse cultural backgrounds, the results of this study showed that the relationship between child behavior problems and parents’ depressive symptoms was, in part, mediated by mindfulness and perceived social support of parents. Mindfulness interventions and effective social support for parents of children with ASD may be needed to help parents raise their children and relieve depressive symptoms.
背景自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder, ASD)患儿的行为问题给其父母带来诸多困难和压力，从而增加了其患抑郁症的风险。最近的研究表明，正念和感知到的社会支持可能在改善这些父母的抑郁和缓解压力边界方面发挥重要作用。然而，在中国大陆背景下的相关研究仍然有限，尚未有研究探讨正念和感知社会支持在中国大陆ASD儿童行为与父母抑郁症状关系中的中介作用。目的探讨中国大陆地区自闭症儿童行为问题与父母抑郁症状的关系，并探讨正念和感知社会支持是否在儿童行为问题与父母抑郁症状之间起中介作用。方法选取286名中国ASD患儿家长为研究对象。采用优势与困难问卷(SDQ)、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表(CES-D)、认知与情感正念量表修订版(CAMS-R)和人际支持评价表-12 (ISEL-12)评估儿童行为问题、父母抑郁症状、正念个体差异和感知社会支持。结果儿童行为问题对父母抑郁症状的直接影响有统计学意义(直接影响= 0.137,SE = 0.043, p = 0.002)。儿童行为问题通过正念(间接效应= 0.097,SE = 0.025, p < .001)和感知社会支持(间接效应= 0.088,SE = 0.023, p < .001)对父母抑郁症状有显著的间接影响。结论正念和感知社会支持在儿童行为问题对父母抑郁症状的影响中均起中介作用。父母抑郁症状与儿童行为问题显著相关。与以往在不同文化背景下的研究结果一致，本研究的结果表明，儿童行为问题与父母抑郁症状之间的关系在一定程度上是由父母的正念和感知社会支持介导的。可能需要对自闭症儿童的父母进行正念干预和有效的社会支持，以帮助父母抚养孩子并缓解抑郁症状。
{"title":"The Impact of Children Behavior on Depressive Symptoms among Parents of Children with ASD: The Mediating Role of Mindfulness and Perceived Social Support","authors":"Chang-Jiang Yang, Jiayi Jin, Ye-Wei Sun","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2070809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2070809","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Behavior problems of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) bring many difficulties and stress to their parents, thus increasing their risk of depression. Recent studies have shown that the mindfulness and perceived social support may play significant roles in improving the depression of these parents as well as relieve their boundary of stress. However, related research conducted under the context of Mainland China is still limited, and no studies have yet explored the mediating effect of mindfulness and perceived social support on the relationship between behavior of children with ASD and depressive symptoms of parents in Mainland China. Objective The present study aimed to examine the relationship between behavior problems of children with ASD and parents’ depressive symptoms in Mainland China and focused on whether mindfulness and perceived social support may act as mediators in the association between child behavior problems and parents’ depressive symptoms. Method Participants were 286 Chinese parents of children with ASD. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D), the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R), and the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12 (ISEL-12) were adopted to assess: child behavior problems, parental depressive symptoms, individual differences in mindfulness and perceived social support. Results The direct effects of child behavior problems on parental depressive symptoms was statistically significant (direct effect = 0.137, SE = 0.043, p = .002). Child behavior problems also showed a significant indirect effect on parental depressive symptoms through mindfulness (indirect effect = 0.097, SE = 0.025, p < .001) and perceived social support (indirect effect = 0.088, SE = 0.023, p < .001). Conclusions Two variables, mindfulness and perceived social support both played a mediating role in the influence of child behavior problems on parents’ depressive symptoms. Parental depressive symptoms were significantly related to child behavior problems. Consistent with previous studies across diverse cultural backgrounds, the results of this study showed that the relationship between child behavior problems and parents’ depressive symptoms was, in part, mediated by mindfulness and perceived social support of parents. Mindfulness interventions and effective social support for parents of children with ASD may be needed to help parents raise their children and relieve depressive symptoms.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"82 1","pages":"92 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72845154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2070808
Allison Simpson, Myra Beth Bundy, Dustin B. Wygant
ABSTRACT Introduction With the increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in recent years, there has been a significant interest in diagnostic accuracy and patterns of autism. Behavior checklists, such as the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS), are widely used in psychological evaluations, and while some evidence supports their use in autism assessment, there is some question about their validity, especially when compared to comprehensive measures and behavioral observations. Method The current study used ADOS-2 diagnostic classifications as a measure of “ADOS-2 ASD” and compared this classification to ASRS parent and teacher ratings, with an aim of assessing the discriminant (diagnostic) validity of the ASRS. Results Analyses indicated that parent and teacher ASRS report scores were not significantly different for individuals with and without autism as indicated by ADOS-2 classification. Conclusion Implications of this preliminary research as well as future directions are suggested, including a concern that the ASRS may not provide the specific information needed to assist clinicians in differentiating between children who do or do not meet ASD diagnostic criteria.
{"title":"Classification Comparison: Autism Spectrum Rating Scale and the ADOS-2 in an Underserved Rural Appalachian Setting","authors":"Allison Simpson, Myra Beth Bundy, Dustin B. Wygant","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2070808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2070808","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction With the increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in recent years, there has been a significant interest in diagnostic accuracy and patterns of autism. Behavior checklists, such as the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS), are widely used in psychological evaluations, and while some evidence supports their use in autism assessment, there is some question about their validity, especially when compared to comprehensive measures and behavioral observations. Method The current study used ADOS-2 diagnostic classifications as a measure of “ADOS-2 ASD” and compared this classification to ASRS parent and teacher ratings, with an aim of assessing the discriminant (diagnostic) validity of the ASRS. Results Analyses indicated that parent and teacher ASRS report scores were not significantly different for individuals with and without autism as indicated by ADOS-2 classification. Conclusion Implications of this preliminary research as well as future directions are suggested, including a concern that the ASRS may not provide the specific information needed to assist clinicians in differentiating between children who do or do not meet ASD diagnostic criteria.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"44 1","pages":"253 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89391233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-22eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2061092
Maureen B G Wissing, Andrea S Fokkens, Roos Dijkstra, Johannes S M Hobbelen, Annette A J van der Putten, Peter P De Deyn, Aly Waninge, Alain D Dekker
Introduction: Observable dementia symptoms are hardly studied in people with severe/profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (SPI(M)D). Insight in symptomatology is needed for timely signaling/diagnosis. This study aimed to identify practice-based observations of dementia symptoms in this population.
Methods: Care professionals and family members were invited to complete a survey about symptoms. Quantitatively analyzed survey data were further deepened through semi-structured interviews with care professionals having vast experience in signaling/diagnosing dementia in this population. Symptoms were categorized using a symptom matrix.
Results: Survey respondents and interviewees frequently observed a decline in activities of daily living (ADL) functioning and behavioral and psychological changes, like increased irritability, anxiety, apathy and decreased eating/drinking behavior. Cognitive symptoms were particularly recognized in persons with verbal communication and/or walking skills. To lesser extent motor changes and medical comorbidities were reported.
Conclusion: Increased insight in dementia symptoms contributes to developing a dedicated screening instrument for dementia in people with SPI(M)D.
{"title":"Dementia in People with Severe/Profound Intellectual (and Multiple) Disabilities: Practice-Based Observations of Symptoms.","authors":"Maureen B G Wissing, Andrea S Fokkens, Roos Dijkstra, Johannes S M Hobbelen, Annette A J van der Putten, Peter P De Deyn, Aly Waninge, Alain D Dekker","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2061092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2061092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Observable dementia symptoms are hardly studied in people with severe/profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (SPI(M)D). Insight in symptomatology is needed for timely signaling/diagnosis. This study aimed to identify practice-based observations of dementia symptoms in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Care professionals and family members were invited to complete a survey about symptoms. Quantitatively analyzed survey data were further deepened through semi-structured interviews with care professionals having vast experience in signaling/diagnosing dementia in this population. Symptoms were categorized using a symptom matrix.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Survey respondents and interviewees frequently observed a decline in activities of daily living (ADL) functioning and behavioral and psychological changes, like increased irritability, anxiety, apathy and decreased eating/drinking behavior. Cognitive symptoms were particularly recognized in persons with verbal communication and/or walking skills. To lesser extent motor changes and medical comorbidities were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased insight in dementia symptoms contributes to developing a dedicated screening instrument for dementia in people with SPI(M)D.</p>","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"15 4","pages":"364-393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9529199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33492005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2029647
Jonathan Ee, B. Stenfert Kroese, J. Rose
ABSTRACT Introduction This research investigated the views of different stakeholders regarding the specialist mental health service for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Singapore. Method Interviews were conducted with mental health professionals, family carers and service users with ID. Framework analysis was adopted to identify common dominant themes among the different participant groups. Results Analysis revealed four themes 1) Giving choice and autonomy; 2) Training to become competent; 3) Respect and 4) Part of the community Conclusions People with ID living in Singapore have limited opportunities to express their choices and autonomy especially when it comes to treatment planning. Family carers have a significant influence on the level of community presence of their relatives with ID. Participants identified employment for people with ID as a way to improve public perceptions. There was no mention of people with ID developing social relationships. Recommendations are discussed in the context of current service provision.
{"title":"Specialist Mental Health Services for People with Intellectual Disabilities in Singapore - What Do Stakeholders Think of Them and How Do They Relate to Service Accomplishments?","authors":"Jonathan Ee, B. Stenfert Kroese, J. Rose","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2029647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2029647","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction This research investigated the views of different stakeholders regarding the specialist mental health service for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Singapore. Method Interviews were conducted with mental health professionals, family carers and service users with ID. Framework analysis was adopted to identify common dominant themes among the different participant groups. Results Analysis revealed four themes 1) Giving choice and autonomy; 2) Training to become competent; 3) Respect and 4) Part of the community Conclusions People with ID living in Singapore have limited opportunities to express their choices and autonomy especially when it comes to treatment planning. Family carers have a significant influence on the level of community presence of their relatives with ID. Participants identified employment for people with ID as a way to improve public perceptions. There was no mention of people with ID developing social relationships. Recommendations are discussed in the context of current service provision.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"66 1","pages":"130 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80622831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2047845
B. Redquest, Lachina McKenzie, J. Lake, K. Fung, Y. Lunsky
ABSTRACT Introduction Caregivers of autistic children and caregivers of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) experience considerable stress. However, what is unique or similar across these groups remains understudied. This study explored how female caregivers of children with FASD who registered to participate in a caregiver focused mental health intervention differed from female caregivers of autistic children participating in a similar intervention. Methods Prior to the intervention, caregivers of children with FASD (n = 21), and caregivers of autistic children (n = 22) were asked to complete an online baseline questionnaire. This questionnaire collected information pertaining to caregiver and child demographics, as well as clinical characteristics related to wellbeing, values, and what caregivers identified as rewarding and challenging about raising their child. Results Results identified similarities across caregiver groups in terms of wellbeing, values, and the challenges and rewards they identified with raising their children. Conclusions Given the similarities in these two caregiver groups, and the shortage of research on families of people with FASD relative to families of autistic people, interventions for family caregivers in the autism community may also be applicable for FASD families, for whom fewer resources are available.
{"title":"A Comparison of the Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Caregivers of Autistic Children and Caregivers of Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder","authors":"B. Redquest, Lachina McKenzie, J. Lake, K. Fung, Y. Lunsky","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2047845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2047845","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Caregivers of autistic children and caregivers of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) experience considerable stress. However, what is unique or similar across these groups remains understudied. This study explored how female caregivers of children with FASD who registered to participate in a caregiver focused mental health intervention differed from female caregivers of autistic children participating in a similar intervention. Methods Prior to the intervention, caregivers of children with FASD (n = 21), and caregivers of autistic children (n = 22) were asked to complete an online baseline questionnaire. This questionnaire collected information pertaining to caregiver and child demographics, as well as clinical characteristics related to wellbeing, values, and what caregivers identified as rewarding and challenging about raising their child. Results Results identified similarities across caregiver groups in terms of wellbeing, values, and the challenges and rewards they identified with raising their children. Conclusions Given the similarities in these two caregiver groups, and the shortage of research on families of people with FASD relative to families of autistic people, interventions for family caregivers in the autism community may also be applicable for FASD families, for whom fewer resources are available.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"194 1","pages":"151 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76059312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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