Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2148788
Katarina Smejda Kjærandsen, B. Handegård, P. Brøndbo, M. Halvorsen
Abstract Background In addition to symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders, functional impairment is crucial to the determination of clinical significance. The aim of this study was to examine partial validity and usefulness of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire’s (SDQ) impact supplement (SDQ impact) in measuring functional impairment in children and adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in neuropediatric clinics. Methods Participants were children and adolescents (N = 337) referred to neuropediatric outpatient clinics for neurodevelopmental assessment. Functional impairment was evaluated using three instruments: the SDQ impact, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS-II), and the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Mental health symptoms and intellectual function were also assessed. We investigated convergent and concurrent validity of the SDQ impact. Results The convergent validity of the SDQ impact was shown by its significant correlations with the VABS-II composite score and the CGAS total score. The concurrent validity of the SDQ impact was demonstrated by its significant relationship with ADHD and ASD diagnoses in logistic regression analyses. Using established cutoffs, the sensitivity of the SDQ impact to reveal functional impairment in children with ADHD and ASD diagnoses was demonstrated in this neuropediatric sample, but at the cost of low specificity. Conclusion The SDQ impact is an easy-to-use tool, and the overall study results indicate that it is partially valid, suggesting it may be used for the screening of general functional impairment in the neuropediatric population.
{"title":"Impact Supplement of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in the Assessment of Functional Impairment in Children with ADHD or ASD in a Mixed Neuropediatric Sample: A Partial Validation Study","authors":"Katarina Smejda Kjærandsen, B. Handegård, P. Brøndbo, M. Halvorsen","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2148788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2148788","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background In addition to symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders, functional impairment is crucial to the determination of clinical significance. The aim of this study was to examine partial validity and usefulness of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire’s (SDQ) impact supplement (SDQ impact) in measuring functional impairment in children and adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in neuropediatric clinics. Methods Participants were children and adolescents (N = 337) referred to neuropediatric outpatient clinics for neurodevelopmental assessment. Functional impairment was evaluated using three instruments: the SDQ impact, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS-II), and the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Mental health symptoms and intellectual function were also assessed. We investigated convergent and concurrent validity of the SDQ impact. Results The convergent validity of the SDQ impact was shown by its significant correlations with the VABS-II composite score and the CGAS total score. The concurrent validity of the SDQ impact was demonstrated by its significant relationship with ADHD and ASD diagnoses in logistic regression analyses. Using established cutoffs, the sensitivity of the SDQ impact to reveal functional impairment in children with ADHD and ASD diagnoses was demonstrated in this neuropediatric sample, but at the cost of low specificity. Conclusion The SDQ impact is an easy-to-use tool, and the overall study results indicate that it is partially valid, suggesting it may be used for the screening of general functional impairment in the neuropediatric population.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"50 1","pages":"1 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86852948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2148790
C. Pouls, I. Jeandarme
ABSTRACT Background The ARMIDILO-S is advocated as a promising tool for assessing dynamic risk factors in sex offenders with intellectual disabilities (SOIDs). However, research remains scarce. The present study aimed to further validate this instrument in SOIDs. Method The study prospectively followed 38 SOIDs for up to one year to test the accuracy of the ARMIDILO-S in predicting violent and sexual incidents. Results Overall predictive accuracy was moderate to high. The ARMIDILO-S further showed excellent prospective qualities in identifying both high-risk and low-risk offenders for violence. Regarding sexual offending, it was only good at prospectively detecting low-risk individuals. Conclusions This study provided further evidence of the good predictive validity of the ARMIDILO-s in predicting future sexual and violent incidents in SOIDs. More research in preferably larger samples as well as field validity studies are recommended.
{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the ARMIDILO-S in Sex Offenders with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"C. Pouls, I. Jeandarme","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2148790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2148790","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background The ARMIDILO-S is advocated as a promising tool for assessing dynamic risk factors in sex offenders with intellectual disabilities (SOIDs). However, research remains scarce. The present study aimed to further validate this instrument in SOIDs. Method The study prospectively followed 38 SOIDs for up to one year to test the accuracy of the ARMIDILO-S in predicting violent and sexual incidents. Results Overall predictive accuracy was moderate to high. The ARMIDILO-S further showed excellent prospective qualities in identifying both high-risk and low-risk offenders for violence. Regarding sexual offending, it was only good at prospectively detecting low-risk individuals. Conclusions This study provided further evidence of the good predictive validity of the ARMIDILO-s in predicting future sexual and violent incidents in SOIDs. More research in preferably larger samples as well as field validity studies are recommended.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"6 1","pages":"37 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77407497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2148791
Inge Verhagen, Renate van der Heijden, A. de Jongh, H. Korzilius, L. Mevissen, R. Didden
ABSTRACT Background Little is known about the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in people with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning (MID-BIF). Aims To explore the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of EMDR therapy in adults with MID-BIF, PTSD, and comorbid mental health and psycho-social problems. Methods and procedures Data were collected from nine participants using a non-concurrent multiple baseline design. PTSD symptoms, level of daily life impairment, and possible adverse effect were measured weekly during baseline, treatment, post-treatment, and at three-month follow-up. Depressive symptoms, general psychopathology, and mental health problems were assessed once in every phase. Outcomes and results Participants displayed a significant reduction of PTSD symptoms, and the majority of participants no longer met criteria for DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis after therapy. EMDR therapy appeared to be safe, as no adverse events were reported during the study time frame. Further, participants showed a decrease in depressive symptoms as well as less severe general psychopathology and mental health problems following therapy. Conclusion EMDR therapy was found to be safe, feasible, and (potentially) efficacious in decreasing PTSD symptoms, loss of PTSD diagnoses, reduction of level of daily life impairment, and general psychopathology for adults with MID-BIF, suffering from both severe mental health and psycho-social problems.
{"title":"Safety, Feasibility, and Efficacy of EMDR Therapy in Adults with PTSD and Mild Intellectual Disability or Borderline Intellectual Functioning and Mental Health Problems: A Multiple Baseline Study","authors":"Inge Verhagen, Renate van der Heijden, A. de Jongh, H. Korzilius, L. Mevissen, R. Didden","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2148791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2148791","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Little is known about the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in people with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning (MID-BIF). Aims To explore the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of EMDR therapy in adults with MID-BIF, PTSD, and comorbid mental health and psycho-social problems. Methods and procedures Data were collected from nine participants using a non-concurrent multiple baseline design. PTSD symptoms, level of daily life impairment, and possible adverse effect were measured weekly during baseline, treatment, post-treatment, and at three-month follow-up. Depressive symptoms, general psychopathology, and mental health problems were assessed once in every phase. Outcomes and results Participants displayed a significant reduction of PTSD symptoms, and the majority of participants no longer met criteria for DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis after therapy. EMDR therapy appeared to be safe, as no adverse events were reported during the study time frame. Further, participants showed a decrease in depressive symptoms as well as less severe general psychopathology and mental health problems following therapy. Conclusion EMDR therapy was found to be safe, feasible, and (potentially) efficacious in decreasing PTSD symptoms, loss of PTSD diagnoses, reduction of level of daily life impairment, and general psychopathology for adults with MID-BIF, suffering from both severe mental health and psycho-social problems.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"33 1","pages":"291 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84883384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-20DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2148789
Y. Lunsky, N. Bobbette, J. Durbin, Angela Gonzales, E. Grier, Renisha Iruthayanathan, Nadia Mia, C. Pereira, L. Steel, A. Thakur, K. Thomson, S. Sockalingam
ABSTRACT Introduction Health and social service providers have limited expertise with regard to assessing and treating psychiatric disorders in adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The aim of this study was to describe the development and pilot evaluation of a virtual capacity-building program (Project ECHO) focused on supporting the mental health of adults with these disabilities in Ontario, Canada. Method The pilot program consisted of 12 weekly 1.5 hour sessions hosted through a video-conferencing platform, with a combined focus of didactic teaching and case-based learning, led by an interprofessional team of subject matter experts. The program evaluation was informed by Moore’s evaluation framework for continuing medical education. Ongoing attendance tracking, weekly surveys, and pre-post questionnaires were used to evaluate participation, satisfaction, learning and self-efficacy, and practice change. Results The program included 62 participants from across Ontario, Canada, from both the health and social service sectors. Seventy-three percent of participants attended six or more sessions, with high participant satisfaction ratings seen with the program. A statistically significant improvement in self-efficacy mean scores of 14.7% was observed pre-post. Seventy-four percent of respondents indicated that they had changed their practice because of participating in this ECHO. Conclusion Good participant retention, satisfaction, and increased confidence suggests this cross-sector virtual medical education program may have value for health and social service providers as they support the mental health of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
{"title":"The Development and Pilot Evaluation of ECHO Mental Health for Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","authors":"Y. Lunsky, N. Bobbette, J. Durbin, Angela Gonzales, E. Grier, Renisha Iruthayanathan, Nadia Mia, C. Pereira, L. Steel, A. Thakur, K. Thomson, S. Sockalingam","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2148789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2148789","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Health and social service providers have limited expertise with regard to assessing and treating psychiatric disorders in adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The aim of this study was to describe the development and pilot evaluation of a virtual capacity-building program (Project ECHO) focused on supporting the mental health of adults with these disabilities in Ontario, Canada. Method The pilot program consisted of 12 weekly 1.5 hour sessions hosted through a video-conferencing platform, with a combined focus of didactic teaching and case-based learning, led by an interprofessional team of subject matter experts. The program evaluation was informed by Moore’s evaluation framework for continuing medical education. Ongoing attendance tracking, weekly surveys, and pre-post questionnaires were used to evaluate participation, satisfaction, learning and self-efficacy, and practice change. Results The program included 62 participants from across Ontario, Canada, from both the health and social service sectors. Seventy-three percent of participants attended six or more sessions, with high participant satisfaction ratings seen with the program. A statistically significant improvement in self-efficacy mean scores of 14.7% was observed pre-post. Seventy-four percent of respondents indicated that they had changed their practice because of participating in this ECHO. Conclusion Good participant retention, satisfaction, and increased confidence suggests this cross-sector virtual medical education program may have value for health and social service providers as they support the mental health of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"33 1","pages":"23 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81098206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2117880
Kristina Caroline Dalhaug, Kristin Storvik, A. Kildahl
ABSTRACT Introduction Mental health assessment in autistic individuals with intellectual disabilities may be challenging. Findings from non-autistic samples indicate overlap between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and psychotic disorder/schizophrenia, but little is known about this potential overlap in autistic people. Methods Explorative, retrospective chart study involving comprehensive, multimodal assessments for 18 autistic individuals with suspected OCD in a specialized mental health department. All participants had an intellectual disability (12) or significant impairments in adaptive behavior (6). Results While no participants had been diagnosed with psychotic disorder at referral, 7/18 participants were diagnosed with a psychotic disorder following assessment (schizophrenia or unspecified psychotic disorder). Conclusion OCD symptoms may overshadow psychotic symptoms in autistic individuals with intellectual disabilities. A combination of conventional assessment tools and assessment tools developed for autistic people may be helpful in differentiating OCD and psychosis in this population, as well as prototypical symptom considerations and exploring the developmental trajectories of symptoms.
{"title":"Undiagnosed Psychotic Disorder in Autistic Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities and Suspected Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An Explorative, Clinical Study","authors":"Kristina Caroline Dalhaug, Kristin Storvik, A. Kildahl","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2117880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2117880","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Mental health assessment in autistic individuals with intellectual disabilities may be challenging. Findings from non-autistic samples indicate overlap between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and psychotic disorder/schizophrenia, but little is known about this potential overlap in autistic people. Methods Explorative, retrospective chart study involving comprehensive, multimodal assessments for 18 autistic individuals with suspected OCD in a specialized mental health department. All participants had an intellectual disability (12) or significant impairments in adaptive behavior (6). Results While no participants had been diagnosed with psychotic disorder at referral, 7/18 participants were diagnosed with a psychotic disorder following assessment (schizophrenia or unspecified psychotic disorder). Conclusion OCD symptoms may overshadow psychotic symptoms in autistic individuals with intellectual disabilities. A combination of conventional assessment tools and assessment tools developed for autistic people may be helpful in differentiating OCD and psychosis in this population, as well as prototypical symptom considerations and exploring the developmental trajectories of symptoms.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"48 1","pages":"226 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85794795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-29DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2111737
Maureen B. G. Wissing, Roos Dijkstra, Ina A. van der Wal, Esther S. Grootendorst, J. Hobbelen, A. V. D. van der Putten, P. D. de Deyn, A. Waninge, A. Dekker
ABSTRACT Introduction Diagnosing dementia in people with severe/profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (SPI(M)D) is complex. Whereas existing dementia screening instruments as a whole are unsuitable for this population, a number of individual items may apply. Therefore, this study aimed to identify applicable items in existing dementia screening instruments. Methods Informant interviews about 40 people with SPI(M)D were conducted to identify applicable items in the Dementia Scale for Down Syndrome, Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Down Syndrome II scale, Dementia Questionnaire for persons with Mental Retardation and Social competence Rating scale for people with Intellectual Disabilities. Results Among 193 items, 101 items were found applicable, categorized in 5 domains: behavioral and psychological functioning (60 items), cognitive functioning (25), motor functioning (6), activities of daily living (5) and medical comorbidities (5). Conclusion Identifying applicable items for people with SPI(M)D is an essential step in developing a dedicated dementia screening instrument for this population.
{"title":"Dementia in People with Severe/Profound Intellectual (and Multiple) Disabilities: Applicability of Items in Dementia Screening Instruments for People with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Maureen B. G. Wissing, Roos Dijkstra, Ina A. van der Wal, Esther S. Grootendorst, J. Hobbelen, A. V. D. van der Putten, P. D. de Deyn, A. Waninge, A. Dekker","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2111737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2111737","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Diagnosing dementia in people with severe/profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (SPI(M)D) is complex. Whereas existing dementia screening instruments as a whole are unsuitable for this population, a number of individual items may apply. Therefore, this study aimed to identify applicable items in existing dementia screening instruments. Methods Informant interviews about 40 people with SPI(M)D were conducted to identify applicable items in the Dementia Scale for Down Syndrome, Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Down Syndrome II scale, Dementia Questionnaire for persons with Mental Retardation and Social competence Rating scale for people with Intellectual Disabilities. Results Among 193 items, 101 items were found applicable, categorized in 5 domains: behavioral and psychological functioning (60 items), cognitive functioning (25), motor functioning (6), activities of daily living (5) and medical comorbidities (5). Conclusion Identifying applicable items for people with SPI(M)D is an essential step in developing a dedicated dementia screening instrument for this population.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"23 1","pages":"322 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73195351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2111736
B. Powers, F. Patterson, B. Freedman, S. Healy
ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the literature on the correlates and risk factors of anxiety among adults with ID. Methods Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of peer-reviewed literature was conducted across six major electronic databases. From an initial screening of 844 records, 13 studies were included for full-text review. Factors associated with anxiety were categorized utilizing the biopsychosocial model. Methodological quality was evaluated. Results Correlates of anxiety were identified at all levels of the biopsychosocial model, including psychological or psychiatric diagnoses, level of ID, gender, chronic health conditions, stressful life events, and social interactions. Modifiable correlates were discussed as potential targets for designing anxiety interventions for adults with ID. Conclusion Despite the increased recognition of the mental health needs of individuals with ID in recent years, this review highlighted a dearth of research investigating the risk factors of anxiety among this population.
{"title":"Correlates of Anxiety among Adults with Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"B. Powers, F. Patterson, B. Freedman, S. Healy","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2111736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2111736","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the literature on the correlates and risk factors of anxiety among adults with ID. Methods Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of peer-reviewed literature was conducted across six major electronic databases. From an initial screening of 844 records, 13 studies were included for full-text review. Factors associated with anxiety were categorized utilizing the biopsychosocial model. Methodological quality was evaluated. Results Correlates of anxiety were identified at all levels of the biopsychosocial model, including psychological or psychiatric diagnoses, level of ID, gender, chronic health conditions, stressful life events, and social interactions. Modifiable correlates were discussed as potential targets for designing anxiety interventions for adults with ID. Conclusion Despite the increased recognition of the mental health needs of individuals with ID in recent years, this review highlighted a dearth of research investigating the risk factors of anxiety among this population.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"46 1","pages":"285 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90699237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2105996
Caitlyn Gallant, Dawn E. Good
ABSTRACT Introduction Compared to their neurotypical peers, children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) experience worse mental health outcomes, including greater service use and functional impairment. Few studies, however, have examined the neurodevelopmental contributions to mental health complexity among those seeking community-based mental health services. Methods Archival data from a publicly-funded mental health center was used to test the generalizability of a path model predicting service use among those with (n = 66) and without (n = 97) NDs. Results Those with NDs were found to experience more symptoms and had greater service use than those without NDs, and there were notable differences in the predictive pathways across groups. Specifically, the paths from internalizing challenges, early life adversity, and biological sex were only significant among the ND group. Conclusions These findings indicate that neurodevelopmental status is an important moderator of mental health outcomes that warrants consideration when treating complex cases.
{"title":"Predictors of Mental Health Service Use among Children and Adolescents with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders","authors":"Caitlyn Gallant, Dawn E. Good","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2105996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2105996","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Compared to their neurotypical peers, children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) experience worse mental health outcomes, including greater service use and functional impairment. Few studies, however, have examined the neurodevelopmental contributions to mental health complexity among those seeking community-based mental health services. Methods Archival data from a publicly-funded mental health center was used to test the generalizability of a path model predicting service use among those with (n = 66) and without (n = 97) NDs. Results Those with NDs were found to experience more symptoms and had greater service use than those without NDs, and there were notable differences in the predictive pathways across groups. Specifically, the paths from internalizing challenges, early life adversity, and biological sex were only significant among the ND group. Conclusions These findings indicate that neurodevelopmental status is an important moderator of mental health outcomes that warrants consideration when treating complex cases.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"158 1","pages":"142 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83703403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-13DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2098431
N. Monterde, I. Blanco, G. Hervás
ABSTRACT Introduction The assessment of well-being is crucial for measuring the effects of psychosocial interventions in people with intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study was to adapt and validate a measure of integrative well-being, the Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI) to use it specifically for this population. Methods The Pemberton Happiness Index was first tailored to individuals with intellectual disabilities (PHI-Intellectual Disabilities). Then a sample of 130 adults with mild-moderate intellectual disabilities completed this adapted version alongside other well-being and affective measures. Results The psychometric properties of this new PHI-Intellectual Disabilities were shown to be very good (i.e., internal consistency, convergent and incremental validity). Conclusion The study provides initial evidence of the reliability and validity of a brief measure of well-being that can be used for both applied and research purposes specifically for adults with mild-moderate intellectual disabilities.
{"title":"Adaptation and Incremental Validity of the Pemberton Happiness Index: A New Measure of Integrative well-being for People with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"N. Monterde, I. Blanco, G. Hervás","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2022.2098431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2022.2098431","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction The assessment of well-being is crucial for measuring the effects of psychosocial interventions in people with intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study was to adapt and validate a measure of integrative well-being, the Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI) to use it specifically for this population. Methods The Pemberton Happiness Index was first tailored to individuals with intellectual disabilities (PHI-Intellectual Disabilities). Then a sample of 130 adults with mild-moderate intellectual disabilities completed this adapted version alongside other well-being and affective measures. Results The psychometric properties of this new PHI-Intellectual Disabilities were shown to be very good (i.e., internal consistency, convergent and incremental validity). Conclusion The study provides initial evidence of the reliability and validity of a brief measure of well-being that can be used for both applied and research purposes specifically for adults with mild-moderate intellectual disabilities.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"47 1","pages":"277 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74166378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-12DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2022.2098433
Ahmed Salah El-Din, S. Yahia, M. Zeid, Mohamed Adel El-Hadidy, Y. Wahba
ABSTRACT Introduction Down syndrome (DS) is a common cause of intellectual disability with a possible glial-neuronal disruption. We assessed the effects of Cerebrolysin on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants with DS. Methods This randomized controlled pilot trial included 64 infants with DS. They were allocated into a treatment group (n =32) who received weekly intramuscular Cerebrolysin injections for 12 months and a control group (n =32) who did not receive Cerebrolysin. We assessed the five domains of neurodevelopment (expressive communication, receptive communication, fine motor, gross motor, and cognitive development) for both groups at the ages of 6 months (basal visit), 12 months (first follow-up visit) and 18 months (second follow-up visit), using Bayley Scales of infant and toddler development (third edition). The secondary outcome was to detect the occurrence of Cerebrolysin-related side effects among the treatment group. Kendall’s tau-b correlation coefficient, chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for the statistical analysis. Results Infants of both groups were matched with respect to gender, maternal level of education, their initial growth parameters, nutritional status, and socioeconomic status. No statistically significant differences existed between both groups regarding all neurodevelopmental domains on the basal visit, while on subsequent visits Z-scores improved in the treatment group, but not in the controls. Within the treatment group, there was a significant improvement in all domains at 12 and 18 months of age (p < .001). The improvement was mainly during the first 6 months of the study (p < .001 for all domains), and was best for fine motor and cognitive development. Only one infant in the treatment group developed fits and was ruled out from the study. Conclusion Weekly intramuscular injections of Cerebrolysin during the first year of life could possibly improve the neurodevelopmental outcomes and mental health in infants with DS. Further, large-scale studies are still needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cerebrolysin among this sector of disabled infants.
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