Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1965270
C. Holingue, Elizabeth A Wise, Andrea Caoili, Annabelle Klein, Luther G. Kalb, J. Beasley
ABSTRACT Introduction Screening for dementia among individuals with ID is important to identify individuals in need of care and support. The objective of this pilot study was to identify obstacles associated with screening and assessment of dementia among older adults with ID in a crisis-prone population. Method The Early Detection Screen for Dementia (EDSD) was administered to eligible enrollees ages 50 years and older within the START (Systemic, Therapeutic, Assessment, Resources, and Treatment) program. Focus groups were carried out to understand the barriers to screening and diagnosis of dementia. Results Of the 95 eligible enrollees, 63 participants had dementia screening tools completed. Obstacles identified through focus groups included difficulty differentiating changes from baseline function, competing priorities in this crisis-prone population, lack of access to providers, and an unclear understanding of the benefit or purpose of screening among some caregivers. START coordinators noted that the EDSD provided a helpful way to collect information and document changes in the enrollee’s functioning. Conclusions The EDSD may be helpful for capturing potential dementia-associated changes overtime in crisis-prone adults with ID, though obstacles remain to the access of further evaluation for dementia.
{"title":"Screening for Dementia among Adults with Intellectual Disability: Outcomes from a Pilot Study","authors":"C. Holingue, Elizabeth A Wise, Andrea Caoili, Annabelle Klein, Luther G. Kalb, J. Beasley","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1965270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1965270","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Screening for dementia among individuals with ID is important to identify individuals in need of care and support. The objective of this pilot study was to identify obstacles associated with screening and assessment of dementia among older adults with ID in a crisis-prone population. Method The Early Detection Screen for Dementia (EDSD) was administered to eligible enrollees ages 50 years and older within the START (Systemic, Therapeutic, Assessment, Resources, and Treatment) program. Focus groups were carried out to understand the barriers to screening and diagnosis of dementia. Results Of the 95 eligible enrollees, 63 participants had dementia screening tools completed. Obstacles identified through focus groups included difficulty differentiating changes from baseline function, competing priorities in this crisis-prone population, lack of access to providers, and an unclear understanding of the benefit or purpose of screening among some caregivers. START coordinators noted that the EDSD provided a helpful way to collect information and document changes in the enrollee’s functioning. Conclusions The EDSD may be helpful for capturing potential dementia-associated changes overtime in crisis-prone adults with ID, though obstacles remain to the access of further evaluation for dementia.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"96 8 1","pages":"20 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80307095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-13DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1959687
L. Gilmore, M. Campbell, I. Shochet
Self-report is seen as important in assessments of psychopathology but individuals with intellectual disability may have difficulty with standard questionnaires. This paper reports on the administration and subsequent modifications to several established self-report measures of mental health. Methods : The participants were 57 children with intellectual disability aged 10 to 13 years. They completed the Children’s Depression Inventory, Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Intellectual Disability Mood Scale, and Moods and Feelings Questionnaire. Results : Difficulties with the instruments were identified, including complex wording and item structure, ambiguity and working memory demands. Adaptations were made to the instruments and administration procedures. In a second administration there were improvements in children’s ability to respond. The modified questionnaires demonstrated acceptable to good internal consistency and were strongly correlated. Conclusions : Self-report measures of mental health can be completed by children with intellectual disability but may need pilot testing and modifications to make them more appropriate for this population.
{"title":"Adapting Self-Report Measures of Mental Health for Children with Intellectual Disability","authors":"L. Gilmore, M. Campbell, I. Shochet","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1959687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1959687","url":null,"abstract":"Self-report is seen as important in assessments of psychopathology but individuals with intellectual disability may have difficulty with standard questionnaires. This paper reports on the administration and subsequent modifications to several established self-report measures of mental health. Methods : The participants were 57 children with intellectual disability aged 10 to 13 years. They completed the Children’s Depression Inventory, Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Intellectual Disability Mood Scale, and Moods and Feelings Questionnaire. Results : Difficulties with the instruments were identified, including complex wording and item structure, ambiguity and working memory demands. Adaptations were made to the instruments and administration procedures. In a second administration there were improvements in children’s ability to respond. The modified questionnaires demonstrated acceptable to good internal consistency and were strongly correlated. Conclusions : Self-report measures of mental health can be completed by children with intellectual disability but may need pilot testing and modifications to make them more appropriate for this population.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86352802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-06DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1959689
T. Tournier, R. Wolkorte, A. Hendriks, A. Jahoda, P. Embregts
ABSTRACT Introduction Families have a significant role in the lives of people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors. However, it is not clear how actively families are involved when people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors are living in out-of-home care. This scoping review explored the frequency and type of family involvement in the application of a person-centered approach in the care for people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors. Methods Authors conducted electronic searches through six databases: Embase, Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar (2005 to 2019) and evaluated relevant publications. Results Based on the 15 articles identified, only five articles report on family involvement. In addition, frequency of contact, and how family is involved appears to differ between different person-centered approaches. Conclusion More active family involvement in person-centered approaches for people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors is recommended.
家庭在智障人士的生活中扮演着重要的角色。然而，目前尚不清楚，当有智力残疾和行为困难的人住在家庭外护理中心时，家庭是否积极参与。本综述探讨了以人为本的方法在照顾智障和具有挑战性行为的人的过程中，家庭参与的频率和类型。方法通过Embase、Medline、Web of Science、PsycINFO、Cochrane Central、谷歌Scholar 6个数据库(2005 - 2019)进行电子检索，并对相关文献进行评价。结果在确定的15篇文章中，只有5篇文章报道了家庭参与。此外，接触频率和家庭参与的方式似乎在不同的以人为本的方法之间有所不同。结论在以人为本的方法中，建议对智力障碍和有挑战性行为的患者采取更积极的家庭参与。
{"title":"Family Involvement in Person-Centered Approaches for People with Intellectual Disabilities and Challenging Behaviors: A Scoping Review","authors":"T. Tournier, R. Wolkorte, A. Hendriks, A. Jahoda, P. Embregts","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1959689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1959689","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Families have a significant role in the lives of people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors. However, it is not clear how actively families are involved when people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors are living in out-of-home care. This scoping review explored the frequency and type of family involvement in the application of a person-centered approach in the care for people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors. Methods Authors conducted electronic searches through six databases: Embase, Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar (2005 to 2019) and evaluated relevant publications. Results Based on the 15 articles identified, only five articles report on family involvement. In addition, frequency of contact, and how family is involved appears to differ between different person-centered approaches. Conclusion More active family involvement in person-centered approaches for people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors is recommended.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"34 1","pages":"349 - 374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85092801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1942599
J. Santambrogio, G. Masi, M. Bertelli
ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to discuss the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Report 230, “Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in individuals with intellectual disability,„ which aims to reduce the frequent misdiagnosis of this condition in people with ID, as shown in the case vignette that begins our commentary. The College Report is a helpful resource for clinicians and providers in using evidence-based practices to support and treat ADHD in persons with ID, filling a gap that was previously critically underserved. However, it contains certain methodological and content flaws that should be addressed in future revisions. The evaluation of the available evidence was not carried out through a validated grading system and it is unclear what procedure was used to achieve a consensus on the various recommendations. Furthermore, there is a lack of information on psychopathological aspects that cross diagnostic categories and are frequently encountered in daily practice, and the level of detail and precision of clinical indications is low, especially in relation to the numerous patients with marked cognitive and communication difficulties. Future updates of the Report should take into account differential diagnosis, including semeiological details and explicit references to a wide range of psychiatric, neurologic, physical, and developmental issues.
{"title":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults with Intellectual Disability: Report 230 of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","authors":"J. Santambrogio, G. Masi, M. Bertelli","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1942599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1942599","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to discuss the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Report 230, “Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in individuals with intellectual disability,„ which aims to reduce the frequent misdiagnosis of this condition in people with ID, as shown in the case vignette that begins our commentary. The College Report is a helpful resource for clinicians and providers in using evidence-based practices to support and treat ADHD in persons with ID, filling a gap that was previously critically underserved. However, it contains certain methodological and content flaws that should be addressed in future revisions. The evaluation of the available evidence was not carried out through a validated grading system and it is unclear what procedure was used to achieve a consensus on the various recommendations. Furthermore, there is a lack of information on psychopathological aspects that cross diagnostic categories and are frequently encountered in daily practice, and the level of detail and precision of clinical indications is low, especially in relation to the numerous patients with marked cognitive and communication difficulties. Future updates of the Report should take into account differential diagnosis, including semeiological details and explicit references to a wide range of psychiatric, neurologic, physical, and developmental issues.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"2 1","pages":"344 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89192385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-07DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1929596
A. N. Smith, R. Laugharne, Katy Oak, R. Shankar
ABSTRACT Introduction : Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are at significant risk of developing emotional trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to altered neuropsychological functioning, increased chance of experiencing adverse life events, difficulty expressing emotions, diagnostic overshadowing and institutional failures. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR) is efficacious in the general population, but research lacks evidence to suggest EMDR remains effective in ID. This paper assesses the evidence available on the use of EMDR to treat PTSD in ID and provide direction for future research. Methods : A scoping review using PRISMA guidance was conducted. PsychInfo, Embase and Medline were completed using the NICE Health Databases Advanced Search in March 2020. Supplementary searches of Joanna Briggs and ongoing randomized controlled trials were also conducted. The terms used related to Intellectual disability and EMDR therapy. Searches were conducted without the use of PTSD or trauma-related terms to increase the number of identified articles. Inclusion criteria involved the use of EMDR therapy as the primary intervention using a population of individuals with ID. Only articles available in English were included. There were no exclusions related to the study design. All study designs and publication types were included in this review to capture the breadth of information that might be available on the topic. Articles identified were summarized, appraised and collated into tables. Papers were assessed for quality using the GRADE criteria. Results : Out of 16 identified publications, 13 demonstrated positive results and 3 less favorable. Heterogeneity among participants, variations in EMDR protocol/adaptations, and variation in trauma and PTSD assessment were prevalent. Conclusions : It is not possible to conclude whether EMDR is efficacious in people with ID. Future studies need to use homogenized populations, standardized EMDR protocol and validated trauma and PTSD assessments.
{"title":"Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing Therapy for People with Intellectual Disability in the Treatment of Emotional Trauma and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Scoping Review","authors":"A. N. Smith, R. Laugharne, Katy Oak, R. Shankar","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1929596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1929596","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction : Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are at significant risk of developing emotional trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to altered neuropsychological functioning, increased chance of experiencing adverse life events, difficulty expressing emotions, diagnostic overshadowing and institutional failures. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR) is efficacious in the general population, but research lacks evidence to suggest EMDR remains effective in ID. This paper assesses the evidence available on the use of EMDR to treat PTSD in ID and provide direction for future research. Methods : A scoping review using PRISMA guidance was conducted. PsychInfo, Embase and Medline were completed using the NICE Health Databases Advanced Search in March 2020. Supplementary searches of Joanna Briggs and ongoing randomized controlled trials were also conducted. The terms used related to Intellectual disability and EMDR therapy. Searches were conducted without the use of PTSD or trauma-related terms to increase the number of identified articles. Inclusion criteria involved the use of EMDR therapy as the primary intervention using a population of individuals with ID. Only articles available in English were included. There were no exclusions related to the study design. All study designs and publication types were included in this review to capture the breadth of information that might be available on the topic. Articles identified were summarized, appraised and collated into tables. Papers were assessed for quality using the GRADE criteria. Results : Out of 16 identified publications, 13 demonstrated positive results and 3 less favorable. Heterogeneity among participants, variations in EMDR protocol/adaptations, and variation in trauma and PTSD assessment were prevalent. Conclusions : It is not possible to conclude whether EMDR is efficacious in people with ID. Future studies need to use homogenized populations, standardized EMDR protocol and validated trauma and PTSD assessments.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"38 1","pages":"237 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74640461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1874577
J. Esteves, A. Perry, Rebecca Spiegel, J. Weiss
ABSTRACT Introduction : Challenging behaviors are common in individuals with developmental disabilities and pose significant challenges to their well-being and that of their families and communities. Method : We explored the occurrence and predictors of self-injurious behavior and aggressive/destructive behavior in 372 Canadian youths (aged 4–20 years) with a moderate to severe intellectual disability (ID), with or without autism. Data were collected through the Great Outcomes for Kids Impacted by Severe Developmental Disabilities (GO4KIDDS) basic survey. Results : Parent-report survey data indicated that 56% of the sample had displayed aggressive/destructive behavior and 39% self-injurious behavior over the past 2 months. Both behaviors were significantly more common in youths with ID plus autism compared to ID alone. There was an interaction between diagnosis and adaptive behavior in relation to aggressive/destructive behavior. For those with ID alone, lower adaptive functioning was predictive of aggressive/destructive behavior, whereas for those with ID plus autism, higher adaptive functioning was predictive. Conclusion : Overall, a large proportion of children in the sample were reported to engage in at least one challenging behavior. These findings highlight the importance of differential diagnosis, and an assessment of adaptive function to ascertain the prognosis of challenging behavior. Study limitations and avenues for future research are discussed.
{"title":"Occurrence and Predictors of Challenging Behavior in Youth with Intellectual Disability with or without Autism","authors":"J. Esteves, A. Perry, Rebecca Spiegel, J. Weiss","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1874577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1874577","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction : Challenging behaviors are common in individuals with developmental disabilities and pose significant challenges to their well-being and that of their families and communities. Method : We explored the occurrence and predictors of self-injurious behavior and aggressive/destructive behavior in 372 Canadian youths (aged 4–20 years) with a moderate to severe intellectual disability (ID), with or without autism. Data were collected through the Great Outcomes for Kids Impacted by Severe Developmental Disabilities (GO4KIDDS) basic survey. Results : Parent-report survey data indicated that 56% of the sample had displayed aggressive/destructive behavior and 39% self-injurious behavior over the past 2 months. Both behaviors were significantly more common in youths with ID plus autism compared to ID alone. There was an interaction between diagnosis and adaptive behavior in relation to aggressive/destructive behavior. For those with ID alone, lower adaptive functioning was predictive of aggressive/destructive behavior, whereas for those with ID plus autism, higher adaptive functioning was predictive. Conclusion : Overall, a large proportion of children in the sample were reported to engage in at least one challenging behavior. These findings highlight the importance of differential diagnosis, and an assessment of adaptive function to ascertain the prognosis of challenging behavior. Study limitations and avenues for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"15 1","pages":"189 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90337371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1892889
Joshua Howkins, M. Wilcock, R. Shankar
ABSTRACT Background : Lithium is well described in managing certain mental illnesses including in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). It requires regular monitoring particularly of serum levels and relevant biochemistry. However, existing monitoring protocols do not provide ID-specific guidance leading to increased risk of poor-quality care. This study aims to construct a protocol to aid monitoring in primary care in this cohort. Need for a protocol is further explored by retrospectively auditing monitoring standards in people with ID in Cornwall, UK, and confirming gaps in current practice which may be minimized with clearer guidance. Methods : Protocol was developed drawing on existing guidance for the general population and considering challenges and best practice associated with monitoring in people with ID. The protocol was applied as an audit to all people with ID currently on lithium on the GP ID register across all GP practices in the county of Cornwall, UK, to explore current standards of monitoring to help elucidate whether increased guidance may be of use. Results : A novel protocol was developed and supplemented with additional information which is hoped to provide a useful reference guide in primary care. During audit, nine of the ten people with ID receiving prescriptions for lithium across the county were identified and data collected. Audit showed monitoring was to a reasonably high standard, though blood tests and annual health checks were not always performed within preferred maximum timeframes. Conclusions : This protocol represents the first ID-specific approach for monitoring lithium and associated health parameters in primary care. Auditing against the protocol showed gaps in current standards of care which may indicate a need for clearer published guidance. Some groupings of results highlighted particular areas of need. We hope that clear protocols, such as ours, may aid safe and timely monitoring of lithium treatment in future.
{"title":"Community Monitoring of Health Parameters in People with Intellectual Disabilities Prescribed Lithium","authors":"Joshua Howkins, M. Wilcock, R. Shankar","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1892889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1892889","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background : Lithium is well described in managing certain mental illnesses including in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). It requires regular monitoring particularly of serum levels and relevant biochemistry. However, existing monitoring protocols do not provide ID-specific guidance leading to increased risk of poor-quality care. This study aims to construct a protocol to aid monitoring in primary care in this cohort. Need for a protocol is further explored by retrospectively auditing monitoring standards in people with ID in Cornwall, UK, and confirming gaps in current practice which may be minimized with clearer guidance. Methods : Protocol was developed drawing on existing guidance for the general population and considering challenges and best practice associated with monitoring in people with ID. The protocol was applied as an audit to all people with ID currently on lithium on the GP ID register across all GP practices in the county of Cornwall, UK, to explore current standards of monitoring to help elucidate whether increased guidance may be of use. Results : A novel protocol was developed and supplemented with additional information which is hoped to provide a useful reference guide in primary care. During audit, nine of the ten people with ID receiving prescriptions for lithium across the county were identified and data collected. Audit showed monitoring was to a reasonably high standard, though blood tests and annual health checks were not always performed within preferred maximum timeframes. Conclusions : This protocol represents the first ID-specific approach for monitoring lithium and associated health parameters in primary care. Auditing against the protocol showed gaps in current standards of care which may indicate a need for clearer published guidance. Some groupings of results highlighted particular areas of need. We hope that clear protocols, such as ours, may aid safe and timely monitoring of lithium treatment in future.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"2 1","pages":"159 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88428488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1883781
Neilson Chan, Catherine M. Sanner, Hadley A. McGregor, A. Preston, Cameron L. Neece
ABSTRACT Introduction: Children with developmental delays (DD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at a high risk for emotional and behavioral concerns. Research examining co-occurring anxiety in those with ASD during early childhood is scarce. The current study examined rates, symptom manifestation, and parenting risk correlates of anxiety among young children with ASD and those with a non-spectrum DD. Method: The study included a sample of preschool-aged children (M = 4.18 years) with ASD (n = 56) and non-spectrum DD (n = 43). Anxiety symptoms were measured using the CBCL, and parenting was measured using parent-report and observational methods. Results: Results indicated that those with ASD were at a greater risk for anxiety symptoms than those with a non-spectrum DD; however, ASD diagnosis did not differentiate the presentation of anxiety. Inconsistent parenting emerged as predictor of anxiety symptoms for children with ASD. Conclusions: Given the high risk for anxiety in individuals with ASD, it is important to identify and treat anxiety in young children with ASD. The current study highlighted inconsistent parenting as a potential target to address in future parenting interventions for anxiety in young children with ASD.
{"title":"Anxiety in a Preschool-Aged Sample with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Delay: Rates, Symptom Manifestation, and Parenting Risk Variables","authors":"Neilson Chan, Catherine M. Sanner, Hadley A. McGregor, A. Preston, Cameron L. Neece","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1883781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1883781","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: Children with developmental delays (DD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at a high risk for emotional and behavioral concerns. Research examining co-occurring anxiety in those with ASD during early childhood is scarce. The current study examined rates, symptom manifestation, and parenting risk correlates of anxiety among young children with ASD and those with a non-spectrum DD. Method: The study included a sample of preschool-aged children (M = 4.18 years) with ASD (n = 56) and non-spectrum DD (n = 43). Anxiety symptoms were measured using the CBCL, and parenting was measured using parent-report and observational methods. Results: Results indicated that those with ASD were at a greater risk for anxiety symptoms than those with a non-spectrum DD; however, ASD diagnosis did not differentiate the presentation of anxiety. Inconsistent parenting emerged as predictor of anxiety symptoms for children with ASD. Conclusions: Given the high risk for anxiety in individuals with ASD, it is important to identify and treat anxiety in young children with ASD. The current study highlighted inconsistent parenting as a potential target to address in future parenting interventions for anxiety in young children with ASD.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"37 1","pages":"202 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82188659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1883780
K. J. Stobbe, M. Scheffers, J. V. van Busschbach, R. Didden
ABSTRACT Introduction: Compared to their non-disabled peers, individuals with mild intellectual disability (MID) are at higher risk of becoming a victim of sexual abuse and more vulnerable to its disruptive effects. This review provides an overview of content and effectiveness of prevention and intervention programs targeting sexual abuse in individuals with MID. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed and quality and effectiveness of the programs were evaluated taking into account the rating of the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (QATQS). Results: Twelve studies were included. In prevention programs role-play prevailed, whereas the content of intervention programs varied. All studies received a “weak” QATQS rating. By consequence, effectiveness of the program was downgraded to “unclear” in ten, and “ineffective” in two studies. Conclusion: Further development of programs and higher quality of research is needed to investigate whether they are effective in preventing sexual abuse or reducing its consequences in individuals with MID.
{"title":"Prevention and Intervention Programs Targeting Sexual Abuse in Individuals with Mild Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review","authors":"K. J. Stobbe, M. Scheffers, J. V. van Busschbach, R. Didden","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1883780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1883780","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: Compared to their non-disabled peers, individuals with mild intellectual disability (MID) are at higher risk of becoming a victim of sexual abuse and more vulnerable to its disruptive effects. This review provides an overview of content and effectiveness of prevention and intervention programs targeting sexual abuse in individuals with MID. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed and quality and effectiveness of the programs were evaluated taking into account the rating of the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (QATQS). Results: Twelve studies were included. In prevention programs role-play prevailed, whereas the content of intervention programs varied. All studies received a “weak” QATQS rating. By consequence, effectiveness of the program was downgraded to “unclear” in ten, and “ineffective” in two studies. Conclusion: Further development of programs and higher quality of research is needed to investigate whether they are effective in preventing sexual abuse or reducing its consequences in individuals with MID.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"5 1","pages":"135 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91316575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1871451
B. Baker, J. Blacher
ABSTRACT Background: Teenage youth with co-morbid intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) could be at higher risk for behavioral and social difficulties than youth with ID only. Methods: Youth aged 13 years were diagnosed with ID (n = 37), ID/ASD (n = 26), or typical development (TD, n = 98). Mothers and teachers completed measures of youth behavior problems, mental health, social skills, friendships, and their own well-being. Results: ID/ASD youth were at heightened risk across almost all measures when compared with TD youth. On 14 of the 38 domains assessed, ID/ASD youth had significantly more difficulties than youth with ID only. Most notably, they scored higher on internalizing problems and lower on friendships and peer acceptance. Their mothers reported lower well-being for themselves. Conclusion: Compared to families of youth with ID only, youth with combined ID/ASD experienced greater psychological and social difficulties and their mothers experienced lower-well-being.
{"title":"Behavior Disorders and Social Skills in Adolescents with Intellectual Disability: Does Co-Morbid Autism Matter?","authors":"B. Baker, J. Blacher","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1871451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1871451","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Teenage youth with co-morbid intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) could be at higher risk for behavioral and social difficulties than youth with ID only. Methods: Youth aged 13 years were diagnosed with ID (n = 37), ID/ASD (n = 26), or typical development (TD, n = 98). Mothers and teachers completed measures of youth behavior problems, mental health, social skills, friendships, and their own well-being. Results: ID/ASD youth were at heightened risk across almost all measures when compared with TD youth. On 14 of the 38 domains assessed, ID/ASD youth had significantly more difficulties than youth with ID only. Most notably, they scored higher on internalizing problems and lower on friendships and peer acceptance. Their mothers reported lower well-being for themselves. Conclusion: Compared to families of youth with ID only, youth with combined ID/ASD experienced greater psychological and social difficulties and their mothers experienced lower-well-being.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"34 1","pages":"174 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89227964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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