Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1883781
Neilson Chan, Catherine M. Sanner, Hadley A. McGregor, A. Preston, Cameron L. Neece
ABSTRACT Introduction: Children with developmental delays (DD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at a high risk for emotional and behavioral concerns. Research examining co-occurring anxiety in those with ASD during early childhood is scarce. The current study examined rates, symptom manifestation, and parenting risk correlates of anxiety among young children with ASD and those with a non-spectrum DD. Method: The study included a sample of preschool-aged children (M = 4.18 years) with ASD (n = 56) and non-spectrum DD (n = 43). Anxiety symptoms were measured using the CBCL, and parenting was measured using parent-report and observational methods. Results: Results indicated that those with ASD were at a greater risk for anxiety symptoms than those with a non-spectrum DD; however, ASD diagnosis did not differentiate the presentation of anxiety. Inconsistent parenting emerged as predictor of anxiety symptoms for children with ASD. Conclusions: Given the high risk for anxiety in individuals with ASD, it is important to identify and treat anxiety in young children with ASD. The current study highlighted inconsistent parenting as a potential target to address in future parenting interventions for anxiety in young children with ASD.
{"title":"Anxiety in a Preschool-Aged Sample with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Delay: Rates, Symptom Manifestation, and Parenting Risk Variables","authors":"Neilson Chan, Catherine M. Sanner, Hadley A. McGregor, A. Preston, Cameron L. Neece","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1883781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1883781","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: Children with developmental delays (DD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at a high risk for emotional and behavioral concerns. Research examining co-occurring anxiety in those with ASD during early childhood is scarce. The current study examined rates, symptom manifestation, and parenting risk correlates of anxiety among young children with ASD and those with a non-spectrum DD. Method: The study included a sample of preschool-aged children (M = 4.18 years) with ASD (n = 56) and non-spectrum DD (n = 43). Anxiety symptoms were measured using the CBCL, and parenting was measured using parent-report and observational methods. Results: Results indicated that those with ASD were at a greater risk for anxiety symptoms than those with a non-spectrum DD; however, ASD diagnosis did not differentiate the presentation of anxiety. Inconsistent parenting emerged as predictor of anxiety symptoms for children with ASD. Conclusions: Given the high risk for anxiety in individuals with ASD, it is important to identify and treat anxiety in young children with ASD. The current study highlighted inconsistent parenting as a potential target to address in future parenting interventions for anxiety in young children with ASD.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"37 1","pages":"202 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82188659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1883780
K. J. Stobbe, M. Scheffers, J. V. van Busschbach, R. Didden
ABSTRACT Introduction: Compared to their non-disabled peers, individuals with mild intellectual disability (MID) are at higher risk of becoming a victim of sexual abuse and more vulnerable to its disruptive effects. This review provides an overview of content and effectiveness of prevention and intervention programs targeting sexual abuse in individuals with MID. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed and quality and effectiveness of the programs were evaluated taking into account the rating of the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (QATQS). Results: Twelve studies were included. In prevention programs role-play prevailed, whereas the content of intervention programs varied. All studies received a “weak” QATQS rating. By consequence, effectiveness of the program was downgraded to “unclear” in ten, and “ineffective” in two studies. Conclusion: Further development of programs and higher quality of research is needed to investigate whether they are effective in preventing sexual abuse or reducing its consequences in individuals with MID.
{"title":"Prevention and Intervention Programs Targeting Sexual Abuse in Individuals with Mild Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review","authors":"K. J. Stobbe, M. Scheffers, J. V. van Busschbach, R. Didden","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1883780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1883780","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: Compared to their non-disabled peers, individuals with mild intellectual disability (MID) are at higher risk of becoming a victim of sexual abuse and more vulnerable to its disruptive effects. This review provides an overview of content and effectiveness of prevention and intervention programs targeting sexual abuse in individuals with MID. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed and quality and effectiveness of the programs were evaluated taking into account the rating of the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (QATQS). Results: Twelve studies were included. In prevention programs role-play prevailed, whereas the content of intervention programs varied. All studies received a “weak” QATQS rating. By consequence, effectiveness of the program was downgraded to “unclear” in ten, and “ineffective” in two studies. Conclusion: Further development of programs and higher quality of research is needed to investigate whether they are effective in preventing sexual abuse or reducing its consequences in individuals with MID.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"5 1","pages":"135 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91316575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1871451
B. Baker, J. Blacher
ABSTRACT Background: Teenage youth with co-morbid intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) could be at higher risk for behavioral and social difficulties than youth with ID only. Methods: Youth aged 13 years were diagnosed with ID (n = 37), ID/ASD (n = 26), or typical development (TD, n = 98). Mothers and teachers completed measures of youth behavior problems, mental health, social skills, friendships, and their own well-being. Results: ID/ASD youth were at heightened risk across almost all measures when compared with TD youth. On 14 of the 38 domains assessed, ID/ASD youth had significantly more difficulties than youth with ID only. Most notably, they scored higher on internalizing problems and lower on friendships and peer acceptance. Their mothers reported lower well-being for themselves. Conclusion: Compared to families of youth with ID only, youth with combined ID/ASD experienced greater psychological and social difficulties and their mothers experienced lower-well-being.
{"title":"Behavior Disorders and Social Skills in Adolescents with Intellectual Disability: Does Co-Morbid Autism Matter?","authors":"B. Baker, J. Blacher","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1871451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1871451","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Teenage youth with co-morbid intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) could be at higher risk for behavioral and social difficulties than youth with ID only. Methods: Youth aged 13 years were diagnosed with ID (n = 37), ID/ASD (n = 26), or typical development (TD, n = 98). Mothers and teachers completed measures of youth behavior problems, mental health, social skills, friendships, and their own well-being. Results: ID/ASD youth were at heightened risk across almost all measures when compared with TD youth. On 14 of the 38 domains assessed, ID/ASD youth had significantly more difficulties than youth with ID only. Most notably, they scored higher on internalizing problems and lower on friendships and peer acceptance. Their mothers reported lower well-being for themselves. Conclusion: Compared to families of youth with ID only, youth with combined ID/ASD experienced greater psychological and social difficulties and their mothers experienced lower-well-being.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"34 1","pages":"174 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89227964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1892890
J. Lake, Patrick Jachyra, T. Volpe, Y. Lunsky, Carly Magnacca, Amanda Marcinkiewicz, Y. Hamdani
ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 has adversely impacted the health and wellbeing of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). While there is emerging research examining how to support the mental health of this population during the pandemic, the perspectives and experiences of people with IDD have been largely absent.Methods: Nine virtual interviews were conducted with adults with IDD to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their wellbeing and mental health care. Interview transcripts were analyzed thematically.Results: Findings centered around three main themes: (1) the impact of the pandemic on daily life and wellbeing; (2) a need for connection; and (3) availability and access to mental health supports.Conclusion: Participants described significant challenges to their health and wellbeing related to the pandemic and public health measures, but also demonstrated remarkable resilience in the face of this new adversity. Findings highlight ways to support the wellbeing of adults with IDD and how social determinants impact mental health.
{"title":"The Wellbeing and Mental Health Care Experiences of Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities during COVID-19","authors":"J. Lake, Patrick Jachyra, T. Volpe, Y. Lunsky, Carly Magnacca, Amanda Marcinkiewicz, Y. Hamdani","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1892890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1892890","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 has adversely impacted the health and wellbeing of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). While there is emerging research examining how to support the mental health of this population during the pandemic, the perspectives and experiences of people with IDD have been largely absent.Methods: Nine virtual interviews were conducted with adults with IDD to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their wellbeing and mental health care. Interview transcripts were analyzed thematically.Results: Findings centered around three main themes: (1) the impact of the pandemic on daily life and wellbeing; (2) a need for connection; and (3) availability and access to mental health supports.Conclusion: Participants described significant challenges to their health and wellbeing related to the pandemic and public health measures, but also demonstrated remarkable resilience in the face of this new adversity. Findings highlight ways to support the wellbeing of adults with IDD and how social determinants impact mental health.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"42 1","pages":"285 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86713807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-19DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1874578
L. Paulauskaite, Ola Farris, H. Spencer, EPICC-ID group, A. Hassiotis
ABSTRACT Background: Families of children with developmental delays (DD) prior to the COVID-19 pandemic experienced inequalities in accessing health and social care services. Measures put in place to combat the spread of the coronavirus have potentially exacerbated existing inequalities and have led to additional pressures for these families. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional online survey of parents of young children with moderate to severe DD and challenging behaviors living in England, UK. We asked about the impact the pandemic has had on their family well-being, receipt of support, and post COVID-19 concerns. Results: Eighty-eight parents who are participants in an ongoing clinical trial (EPICC-ID) reported a broad range of challenges they faced during the pandemic: lack of information specific to children with DD; difficulties following social distancing and isolation rules; disruption or pause of health and social care services; deterioration in parental mental health and regression of the child’s skills. Future access to services, negative long-term impact of school closures, parental unemployment were the parents’ main post-COVID-19 concerns. Conclusions: Families of children with significant developmental delays fear lasting impact of the pandemic on their own psychological and material wellbeing and on their child’s health. These families require urgent help to meet major health and social care needs and should be prioritized within an overall children’s mental health strategy. The article includes a commentary from parents with lived experience.
{"title":"My Son Can’t Socially Distance or Wear a Mask: How Families of Preschool Children with Severe Developmental Delays and Challenging Behavior Experienced the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"L. Paulauskaite, Ola Farris, H. Spencer, EPICC-ID group, A. Hassiotis","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1874578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1874578","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Families of children with developmental delays (DD) prior to the COVID-19 pandemic experienced inequalities in accessing health and social care services. Measures put in place to combat the spread of the coronavirus have potentially exacerbated existing inequalities and have led to additional pressures for these families. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional online survey of parents of young children with moderate to severe DD and challenging behaviors living in England, UK. We asked about the impact the pandemic has had on their family well-being, receipt of support, and post COVID-19 concerns. Results: Eighty-eight parents who are participants in an ongoing clinical trial (EPICC-ID) reported a broad range of challenges they faced during the pandemic: lack of information specific to children with DD; difficulties following social distancing and isolation rules; disruption or pause of health and social care services; deterioration in parental mental health and regression of the child’s skills. Future access to services, negative long-term impact of school closures, parental unemployment were the parents’ main post-COVID-19 concerns. Conclusions: Families of children with significant developmental delays fear lasting impact of the pandemic on their own psychological and material wellbeing and on their child’s health. These families require urgent help to meet major health and social care needs and should be prioritized within an overall children’s mental health strategy. The article includes a commentary from parents with lived experience.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"17 11","pages":"225 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19315864.2021.1874578","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72462296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1864687
L. Charlot, K. Weigle, C. Holingue
ABSTRACT Introduction: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and IDD have lower psychiatric disorders rates than other individuals with IDD, and more information is needed about possible unique mental health needs of this group. Method: De-identified intake data for individuals with IDD, 101 with DS (mean age 27) and 4,366 without DS (mean age 25) served in START, a tertiary care mental health crisis response program, were reviewed. Behavioral health, and medical factors were investigated using Chi-squared or t-tests at p < .05, and logistic/linear regression models. Results: People with DS referred for behavioral health conditions were less likely than counterparts with IDD without DS, to be diagnosed with ADHD (OR = 0.47), ASD (OR = 0.31), and to be taking psychotropics (OR = 0.23), and to have significantly lower irritability/agitation, hyperactivity/noncompliance, and inappropriate speech ABC subscale scores while having more endocrine conditions (OR = 2.61). Discussion: In this study, individuals with IDD with and without DS referred for mental health challenges showed varied physical and mental health conditions.
{"title":"Mental and Physical Health Conditions of Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) with and without Down Syndrome (DS)","authors":"L. Charlot, K. Weigle, C. Holingue","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1864687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1864687","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and IDD have lower psychiatric disorders rates than other individuals with IDD, and more information is needed about possible unique mental health needs of this group. Method: De-identified intake data for individuals with IDD, 101 with DS (mean age 27) and 4,366 without DS (mean age 25) served in START, a tertiary care mental health crisis response program, were reviewed. Behavioral health, and medical factors were investigated using Chi-squared or t-tests at p < .05, and logistic/linear regression models. Results: People with DS referred for behavioral health conditions were less likely than counterparts with IDD without DS, to be diagnosed with ADHD (OR = 0.47), ASD (OR = 0.31), and to be taking psychotropics (OR = 0.23), and to have significantly lower irritability/agitation, hyperactivity/noncompliance, and inappropriate speech ABC subscale scores while having more endocrine conditions (OR = 2.61). Discussion: In this study, individuals with IDD with and without DS referred for mental health challenges showed varied physical and mental health conditions.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"28 1","pages":"122 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90083613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2021-04-05DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1909680
Anna Cecilia McWhirter, Laura Lee McIntyre
Introduction: Parenting children with intellectual and developmental disabilities can be stressful; however, families with religious beliefs may have positive ways of viewing their family. This study explored the associations between religious and spiritual involvement (RSI), family characteristics, parent mental health, and child adaptive and problem behaviours among 180 primary caregivers and their 3-year-old children with developmental delay (DD).
Method: This study investigated if RSI was related to family characteristics, parent depression and stress, and if RSI predicted parent mental health after accounting for child and family characteristics.
Results: Associations between RSI, family characteristics (parent age, education, income) and parenting stress, but not depression, were found. RSI did not predict parent mental health after accounting for relevant child and family characteristics.
Conclusion: RSI may play an important role in the mental health of parents of children with developmental delay; however, other child and contextual factors relate strongly to parent wellbeing.
{"title":"Associations Between Religion/Spirituality, Family Characteristics, and Mental Health Among Parents with Children with Developmental Delay.","authors":"Anna Cecilia McWhirter, Laura Lee McIntyre","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1909680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1909680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parenting children with intellectual and developmental disabilities can be stressful; however, families with religious beliefs may have positive ways of viewing their family. This study explored the associations between religious and spiritual involvement (RSI), family characteristics, parent mental health, and child adaptive and problem behaviours among 180 primary caregivers and their 3-year-old children with developmental delay (DD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study investigated if RSI was related to family characteristics, parent depression and stress, and if RSI predicted parent mental health after accounting for child and family characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Associations between RSI, family characteristics (parent age, education, income) and parenting stress, but not depression, were found. RSI did not predict parent mental health after accounting for relevant child and family characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RSI may play an important role in the mental health of parents of children with developmental delay; however, other child and contextual factors relate strongly to parent wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"14 3","pages":"301-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19315864.2021.1909680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39334597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2020-12-30DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1856242
Lisa L Christensen, Bruce L Baker
Background: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) appears more prevalent among children with intellectual disabilities (ID) as compared to children with typical development (Christensen et al., 2013). However, it remains unclear what drives this difference.
Methods: Data from 70 youth with typical development (TD) and 20 youth with ID were drawn from The Collaborative Family Study. The relationships between child temperament and parent psychopathology (age 3), parenting behavior and child behavior problems (age 5), and ODD diagnosis (age 13) were explored via structural equation modeling. The predicted model was examined in the total sample, among children with and without ID separately, and with status (TD vs. ID) as a predictor.
Conclusion: Many of the predicted relationships hold true for youth with and without ID. However, we found an unexpected relationship between negative-controlling parenting and child externalizing behavior problems for children with ID. The positive role of parental intrusiveness for children with ID is discussed, although limitations are noted due to the small sample size and preliminary nature of this study.
背景:与正常发育的儿童相比，对立违抗性障碍(ODD)在智障儿童(ID)中更为普遍(Christensen et al.， 2013)。然而，目前尚不清楚是什么导致了这种差异。方法:从《合作家庭研究》中抽取典型发育青少年(TD) 70例和典型发育青少年(ID) 20例的资料。通过结构方程模型探讨儿童气质与父母精神病理(3岁)、父母行为与儿童行为问题(5岁)、ODD诊断(13岁)的关系。预测模型在总样本中进行检验，分别在有和没有ID的儿童中进行检验，并以状态(TD vs. ID)作为预测因子。结论:许多预测的关系适用于有或没有身份证的年轻人。然而，我们发现负控制型养育方式与儿童外化行为问题之间存在意想不到的关系。虽然由于本研究的样本量小和初步性质，存在一定的局限性，但我们还是讨论了父母侵入性对患有ID的儿童的积极作用。
{"title":"The Etiology of Oppositional Defiant Disorder for Children with and without Intellectual Disabilities: A Preliminary Analysis.","authors":"Lisa L Christensen, Bruce L Baker","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1856242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1856242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) appears more prevalent among children with intellectual disabilities (ID) as compared to children with typical development (Christensen et al., 2013). However, it remains unclear what drives this difference.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 70 youth with typical development (TD) and 20 youth with ID were drawn from The Collaborative Family Study. The relationships between child temperament and parent psychopathology (age 3), parenting behavior and child behavior problems (age 5), and ODD diagnosis (age 13) were explored via structural equation modeling. The predicted model was examined in the total sample, among children with and without ID separately, and with status (TD vs. ID) as a predictor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many of the predicted relationships hold true for youth with and without ID. However, we found an unexpected relationship between negative-controlling parenting and child externalizing behavior problems for children with ID. The positive role of parental intrusiveness for children with ID is discussed, although limitations are noted due to the small sample size and preliminary nature of this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"14 1","pages":"50-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19315864.2020.1856242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38956726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1864688
Valerie K. Temple, Jocelynn L. Cook, Kathy Unsworth, Nicole Roberts
ABSTRACT Introduction: There is significant symptom overlap between fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), which results from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There is also limited research regarding the comorbidity of these disorders. Method: Thirty-nine individuals with ASD and PAE (ASD+PAE) aged 3 to 30 years were matched for age, sex, and IQ to 78 individuals with PAE-only and compared on demographics, comorbid conditions, and 9 domains of neurodevelopmental function. Results: The ASD+PAE group were significantly more likely to have deficits in motor and daily living skills. They also had a greater number of impaired neurodevelopmental domains overall. They were diagnosed with ADHD more often and reported more sensory sensitivities, self-regulation difficulties, and social skills deficits. Conclusions: Overall, the ASD+PAE group had a more complex and severe presentation of symptoms. The relationship between ASD, FASD, and PAE as well as the value of providing an ASD diagnosis in the context of PAE are discussed.
{"title":"Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Autism Spectrum Disorder in 39 Children and Adults: Examination of Behavioural and Cognitive Profiles","authors":"Valerie K. Temple, Jocelynn L. Cook, Kathy Unsworth, Nicole Roberts","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1864688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1864688","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: There is significant symptom overlap between fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), which results from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There is also limited research regarding the comorbidity of these disorders. Method: Thirty-nine individuals with ASD and PAE (ASD+PAE) aged 3 to 30 years were matched for age, sex, and IQ to 78 individuals with PAE-only and compared on demographics, comorbid conditions, and 9 domains of neurodevelopmental function. Results: The ASD+PAE group were significantly more likely to have deficits in motor and daily living skills. They also had a greater number of impaired neurodevelopmental domains overall. They were diagnosed with ADHD more often and reported more sensory sensitivities, self-regulation difficulties, and social skills deficits. Conclusions: Overall, the ASD+PAE group had a more complex and severe presentation of symptoms. The relationship between ASD, FASD, and PAE as well as the value of providing an ASD diagnosis in the context of PAE are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"64 1","pages":"107 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77936084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-28DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1864689
R. Whitehead, L. Hopkins, E. Hughes, M. Kehoe, G. Pedwell
ABSTRACT Introduction : Despite the high prevalence of mental health issues for young people with intellectual disability (ID), young people with ID can struggle to receive the mental health support they need. The aim of this study was to examine a new community-based, clinical mental health service for young people (12 −25 years) with co-occurring ID and mental illness, and to explore the outcomes for young people and experiences of families who received service from the new program. Methods : Two studies were conducted using qualitative and quantitative research methods. First, using the Health of the Nations Outcome Scales (HoNOS), a quantitative longitudinal study was conducted to measure any changes in young people’s behavioral and social issues, mental health, and levels of impairment, from the being accepted to the service till the completion of care (n = 23). A second study involved qualitative interviews with parents/carers who attended the service (n = 10) that were analyzed to look for emerging themes in parents’/carers’ experience of the service. Results : Results of study 1 indicated that young people’s behavioral issues and social problems decreased from the time of admission to their completion of carer. Further, results of Study 2 revealed that parents/carers considered the mental health and behavior of their child had improved from being in the program. Parents also valued the person-centered, multidisciplinary, co-ordinated approach of the service, and viewed the new program as an improvement on previous services they had experienced. Conclusions : This study provides preliminary support for the efficacy of the new program and suggests future specialist dual disability services may look to a family-focused, multidisciplinary approach that includes assessment, treatment, and management as an effective treatment model.
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