Pub Date : 2020-11-13DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2021.1929597
Leen Vereenooghe, Felix Trussat, Katja Baucke
ABSTRACT Introduction : Digital mental health interventions are on the rise; yet people with intellectual disabilities are not generally seen as their potential users. This study aims to explore the accessability of two mainstream online mood-management programmes. Methods : Using a qualitative study design, 12 adults with intellectual disabilities were interviewed while accessing moodgym and iFightDepression®. Thematic analysis was used to explore the programs’ accessibility according to the technology acceptance model. Results : The programs’ ease-of-use was considered in terms of visual appeal, support needs, and essential skills for independent program use. Perceived usefulness concerned participants’ understanding of the purpose and expected personal benefits associated with the interventions. Finally, intention to use and motivation to interact with the interventions were key aspects of participants’ attititudes toward them. Conclusion : Improving intervention accessibility is a first important step to ensure people with intellectual disabilities can understand the purpose and content of digital mental health interventions.
{"title":"Applying the Technology Acceptance Model to Digital Mental Health Interventions: A Qualitative Exploration with Adults with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Leen Vereenooghe, Felix Trussat, Katja Baucke","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2021.1929597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1929597","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction : Digital mental health interventions are on the rise; yet people with intellectual disabilities are not generally seen as their potential users. This study aims to explore the accessability of two mainstream online mood-management programmes. Methods : Using a qualitative study design, 12 adults with intellectual disabilities were interviewed while accessing moodgym and iFightDepression®. Thematic analysis was used to explore the programs’ accessibility according to the technology acceptance model. Results : The programs’ ease-of-use was considered in terms of visual appeal, support needs, and essential skills for independent program use. Perceived usefulness concerned participants’ understanding of the purpose and expected personal benefits associated with the interventions. Finally, intention to use and motivation to interact with the interventions were key aspects of participants’ attititudes toward them. Conclusion : Improving intervention accessibility is a first important step to ensure people with intellectual disabilities can understand the purpose and content of digital mental health interventions.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"85 1","pages":"318 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76563403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-10DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1832166
A. Kurowská, M. Kózka, A. Majda
ABSTRACT Introduction: Constructive coping strategies play an important role during childcare processes. We examined the determinants of coping strategies used by parents raising children with intellectual disabilities or other developmental disorders and by parents with typically developing children. Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in Cracow. The participants in the survey were 507 caregivers. The research used the Mini-COPE Inventory for Measurement–Coping with Stress and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Parents of disabled children and parents of children without disabilities used the strategy of active coping most often and the strategy of substance use the least. Sociodemographic variables such as age, place of residence, education, and sociodemographic situation determined the type of strategy for dealing with stress. The statistical analysis showed the relationship between parents’ self-efficacy and type of coping strategy. Conclusion: There is a need to develop individualized family psychological support programs to stimulate caregivers’ constructive coping strategies.
{"title":"‘How to cope with stress?’ Determinants of coping strategies used by parents raising children with intellectual disabilities, other developmental disorders and typically developing children. A cross-sectional study from Poland","authors":"A. Kurowská, M. Kózka, A. Majda","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1832166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1832166","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: Constructive coping strategies play an important role during childcare processes. We examined the determinants of coping strategies used by parents raising children with intellectual disabilities or other developmental disorders and by parents with typically developing children. Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in Cracow. The participants in the survey were 507 caregivers. The research used the Mini-COPE Inventory for Measurement–Coping with Stress and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Parents of disabled children and parents of children without disabilities used the strategy of active coping most often and the strategy of substance use the least. Sociodemographic variables such as age, place of residence, education, and sociodemographic situation determined the type of strategy for dealing with stress. The statistical analysis showed the relationship between parents’ self-efficacy and type of coping strategy. Conclusion: There is a need to develop individualized family psychological support programs to stimulate caregivers’ constructive coping strategies.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"1 1","pages":"23 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79071709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1822963
Natasha A. Fernandes, Amanda Sawyer, J. Zaheer, Y. Lunsky
ABSTRACT Introduction: This study presents demographic and clinical profiles of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities seen at a psychiatric emergency department (ED). Predictors of admission were also identified. Methods: A retrospective chart review conducted from Oct 2016 to Jan 2017. Results: A total of 73 patients representing 105 visits were identified with suicidality or self-harm being the most frequent presentation. Information from third party sources (collateral) was recorded in the hospital chart 43% of the time. Thirty-six percent of the 105 visits resulted in hospitalization. Patients who were admitted were more likely to have collateral obtained (RR = 2.0, p <.01), restraints used (RR = 2.5, p < .001), and friend/family (RR = 2.9, p < .01) or the police (RR = 2.3, p = .03) present. Conclusion: Study findings suggest that adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities commonly present to the specialized psychiatric emergency department setting. Many of these patients are inadequately supported and need stronger connections to community-based resources. Collateral information should more frequently be obtained and disability considerations could be better incorporated into management plans.
摘要:本研究介绍了在精神科急诊科(ED)就诊的智力和发育障碍成人的人口统计学和临床概况。还确定了入院的预测因素。方法:2016年10月至2017年1月进行回顾性图表复习。结果:共有73名患者代表105次就诊被确定为自杀或自残是最常见的表现。来自第三方来源(附属品)的信息记录在医院图表中的比例为43%。在105次访问中，有36%的人住院。入院的患者更有可能获得侧枝(RR = 2.0, p < 0.01)，使用约束(RR = 2.5, p < 0.001)，以及朋友/家人(RR = 2.9, p < 0.01)或警察(RR = 2.3, p = 0.03)在场。结论:研究结果表明，智力和发育障碍的成年人通常出现在专门的精神科急诊科。其中许多患者得不到充分支持，需要加强与社区资源的联系。应更经常地获得附带资料，残疾方面的考虑可以更好地纳入管理计划。
{"title":"Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Presenting to a Psychiatric Emergency Department: A Descriptive Analysis and Predictors of Admission","authors":"Natasha A. Fernandes, Amanda Sawyer, J. Zaheer, Y. Lunsky","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1822963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1822963","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: This study presents demographic and clinical profiles of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities seen at a psychiatric emergency department (ED). Predictors of admission were also identified. Methods: A retrospective chart review conducted from Oct 2016 to Jan 2017. Results: A total of 73 patients representing 105 visits were identified with suicidality or self-harm being the most frequent presentation. Information from third party sources (collateral) was recorded in the hospital chart 43% of the time. Thirty-six percent of the 105 visits resulted in hospitalization. Patients who were admitted were more likely to have collateral obtained (RR = 2.0, p <.01), restraints used (RR = 2.5, p < .001), and friend/family (RR = 2.9, p < .01) or the police (RR = 2.3, p = .03) present. Conclusion: Study findings suggest that adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities commonly present to the specialized psychiatric emergency department setting. Many of these patients are inadequately supported and need stronger connections to community-based resources. Collateral information should more frequently be obtained and disability considerations could be better incorporated into management plans.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"37 1","pages":"384 - 395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78407377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1822962
V. Enea, D. Rusu
ABSTRACT Introduction: This systematic literature review aims to (a) identify how the parenting stress was used in the empirical studies as an independent, outcome, moderator and mediator variable, (b) identify the predictors of parenting stress in parents of children with ASD, (c) identify how parenting stress relates with mental health, and (d) make suggestions for future research. Methods: A systematic search for peer-reviewed articles on parenting stress resulted in 45 studies meeting specific inclusion criteria. Results: Child’s problem behaviors and sensory problems are the strongest predictors for parenting stress that persisted over a two-year period. Single young mothers with maladaptive coping strategies who have an ASD child with problem behaviors and sensory difficulties are most at risk for high levels of parenting stress and poor mental health. Conclusion: Parenting stress negatively impacted the parental mental health-related quality of life. Directions for future research include assessing socio-cultural factors related to parenting stress across different cultures.
{"title":"Raising a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of the Literature Investigating Parenting Stress","authors":"V. Enea, D. Rusu","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1822962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1822962","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction: This systematic literature review aims to (a) identify how the parenting stress was used in the empirical studies as an independent, outcome, moderator and mediator variable, (b) identify the predictors of parenting stress in parents of children with ASD, (c) identify how parenting stress relates with mental health, and (d) make suggestions for future research. Methods: A systematic search for peer-reviewed articles on parenting stress resulted in 45 studies meeting specific inclusion criteria. Results: Child’s problem behaviors and sensory problems are the strongest predictors for parenting stress that persisted over a two-year period. Single young mothers with maladaptive coping strategies who have an ASD child with problem behaviors and sensory difficulties are most at risk for high levels of parenting stress and poor mental health. Conclusion: Parenting stress negatively impacted the parental mental health-related quality of life. Directions for future research include assessing socio-cultural factors related to parenting stress across different cultures.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"46 1","pages":"283 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74566289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1822964
M. Anderson, Katy Oak, R. Goodey, Karen Dodd, R. Shankar
ABSTRACT Introduction Having a diagnosis of Down syndrome (DS) is associated with intellectual disability (ID), pervasive developmental disorders and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). The association between these conditions has not been well evaluated. This paper looks to examine the current evidence pertaining to the relationship between dementia in people with DS and severity of ID and the presence of pervasive developmental disorders. Methods A scoping review using PRISMA guidance was undertaken. Medline, Cochrane database, NHS evidence, Trial registers and Open Grey were searched in December 2018 and an updated search was completed in July 2020. Three search strategies were used to retrieve articles relating to DS, dementia, pervasive developmental disorders (including autism, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) and severity of ID. Studies were included if they met the pre-defined inclusion criteria of investigating an association between autism/ASD, ADHD, or severity of ID and the development of dementia in people with DS. Studies were excluded if they did not include primary data, if the population included non-Down causes of ID, or if no specific outcome measure related to comorbid autism/ASD, ADHD, or severity of ID and dementia in people with a diagnosis of DS were reported. There were no exclusions related to study design. Papers were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Results: The search identified 15 papers, publishing results from 12 studies, relating to severity of ID, DS and dementia. No papers were identified relating to pervasive developmental disorders, DS and dementia. There is limited evidence on how severity of ID impacts on the presentation, diagnosis, management or prognosis of dementia in people with DS. However, no evidence was found on comorbid pervasive developmental disorders, DS and dementia. Conclusion: This paper has identified multiple areas for future research. There is an urgent need for longitudinal studies into the presentation, development and progression of dementia in people with DS ensuring the severity of ID and comorbid pervasive developmental conditions are captured regularly to understand their influence on the dementia etiology and outcome.
{"title":"Do the severity of Intellectual Disability and /or the presence of neurodevelopmental disorders influence the onset of dementia in people with Down syndrome?","authors":"M. Anderson, Katy Oak, R. Goodey, Karen Dodd, R. Shankar","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1822964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1822964","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Having a diagnosis of Down syndrome (DS) is associated with intellectual disability (ID), pervasive developmental disorders and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). The association between these conditions has not been well evaluated. This paper looks to examine the current evidence pertaining to the relationship between dementia in people with DS and severity of ID and the presence of pervasive developmental disorders. Methods A scoping review using PRISMA guidance was undertaken. Medline, Cochrane database, NHS evidence, Trial registers and Open Grey were searched in December 2018 and an updated search was completed in July 2020. Three search strategies were used to retrieve articles relating to DS, dementia, pervasive developmental disorders (including autism, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) and severity of ID. Studies were included if they met the pre-defined inclusion criteria of investigating an association between autism/ASD, ADHD, or severity of ID and the development of dementia in people with DS. Studies were excluded if they did not include primary data, if the population included non-Down causes of ID, or if no specific outcome measure related to comorbid autism/ASD, ADHD, or severity of ID and dementia in people with a diagnosis of DS were reported. There were no exclusions related to study design. Papers were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Results: The search identified 15 papers, publishing results from 12 studies, relating to severity of ID, DS and dementia. No papers were identified relating to pervasive developmental disorders, DS and dementia. There is limited evidence on how severity of ID impacts on the presentation, diagnosis, management or prognosis of dementia in people with DS. However, no evidence was found on comorbid pervasive developmental disorders, DS and dementia. Conclusion: This paper has identified multiple areas for future research. There is an urgent need for longitudinal studies into the presentation, development and progression of dementia in people with DS ensuring the severity of ID and comorbid pervasive developmental conditions are captured regularly to understand their influence on the dementia etiology and outcome.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"12 1","pages":"322 - 342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89648044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-20DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1815914
M. Djordjević, N. Glumbić, H. Memišević
ABSTRACT Introduction The goal of this study was to examine socialization in adults with intellectual disability in relation to gender, level of intellectual disability, mental illness, and setting type. Methods The sample consisted of 120 participants (60 males and 60 females), aged between 20 and 56 years, divided into two groups: 1. participants with intellectual disability without the diagnosis of mental illness (ID only) and 2. participants with dual diagnosis (intellectual disability and mental illness). Socialization subscale from the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale was used for the assessment of socialization. Results Level of intellectual disability and mental illness had significant effects on socialization scores. In addition to this, interaction effect of gender and level of intellectual disability had a significant effect on socialization. Setting type did not have a significant effect on socialization. Conclusion These results can be very useful in identifying participants with intellectual disability who might need additional individualized support programs in the area of socialization.
{"title":"Socialization in Adults with Intellectual Disability: The Effects of Gender, Mental Illness, Setting Type, and Level of Intellectual Disability","authors":"M. Djordjević, N. Glumbić, H. Memišević","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1815914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1815914","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction The goal of this study was to examine socialization in adults with intellectual disability in relation to gender, level of intellectual disability, mental illness, and setting type. Methods The sample consisted of 120 participants (60 males and 60 females), aged between 20 and 56 years, divided into two groups: 1. participants with intellectual disability without the diagnosis of mental illness (ID only) and 2. participants with dual diagnosis (intellectual disability and mental illness). Socialization subscale from the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale was used for the assessment of socialization. Results Level of intellectual disability and mental illness had significant effects on socialization scores. In addition to this, interaction effect of gender and level of intellectual disability had a significant effect on socialization. Setting type did not have a significant effect on socialization. Conclusion These results can be very useful in identifying participants with intellectual disability who might need additional individualized support programs in the area of socialization.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"16 1","pages":"364 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72869417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1815913
Hadley A. McGregor, Catherine M. Sanner, Cameron L. Neece
ABSTRACT Introduction Children with developmental delays (DD), particularly autism spectrum disorders (ASD), are at high risk for increased levels of behavior problems and developing internalizing problems. While previous literature has highlighted the impact of parental stress on the development of behavioral problems broadly in children with DD, research on the relation between parenting stress and internalizing problems in children with ASD is scarce. Growing evidence has supported Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) as an effective intervention for reducing stress among parents of children with DD. These reductions in parent stress are also associated with subsequent reductions in their children’s behavior problem; however, to our knowledge, the effects of MBSR and reductions in parent stress on internalizing problems in children with DD have not been examined. Method The current study utilized data from Mindful Awareness for Parenting Stress (MAPS) which consisted of families of 80 preschool children with developmental delays (DD) whose parents reported high levels of stress. Specifically, we investigated whether decreases in parenting stress as a result of engagement in a MBSR intervention would lead to reductions in internalizing behavior problems among children with DD, and whether this relation was moderated by the child’s ASD status. Additionally, we examined whether individual increases in the mindful facets of acting with awareness and nonjudgment, from pre- to post- treatment, would lead to reductions in internalizing problems among children with DD, and whether this relation was moderated by the child’s ASD status. Results Children of parents in the MBSR treatment group had greater reductions in internalizing problems compared to children whose parents were in the waitlist-control group, b= −5.71, p <.05. We also found that children of parents who reported greater increases in acting with awareness post-treatment had a greater reduction in internalizing problems, b= −2.57, p<.05. Additionally, children whose parents had greater increases in nonjudgment post-treatment had a greater reduction in internalizing problems, b= −1.85, p<.05. However, ASD status was not a significant moderator in either analysis, ps >.05. Conclusions These findings have important implications regarding the relation between parenting stress and internalizing problems in children with DD. This treatment offers a novel approach to treating comorbid internalizing problems in children with DD. Parents’ use of MBSR provides a method of early intervention, which may ameliorate the development of internalizing problems over time. The current study helps to inform future parenting interventions by highlighting the importance of addressing specific facets of mindfulness in interventions which may lead to greater reductions in internalizing problems in vulnerable populations such as children with DD Figure 1.
发育迟缓(DD)儿童，特别是自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童，其行为问题和内化问题的发生率较高。虽然以前的文献已经广泛地强调了父母压力对DD儿童行为问题发展的影响，但关于父母压力与ASD儿童内化问题之间关系的研究却很少。越来越多的证据支持正念减压(MBSR)是一种有效的干预措施，可以减轻患有DD的孩子的父母的压力。父母压力的减少也与孩子行为问题的减少有关。然而，据我们所知，正念减压和减少父母压力对DD儿童内化问题的影响尚未得到检验。方法本研究利用父母压力意识(MAPS)的数据，该数据由80名父母报告高压力水平的发育迟缓(DD)学龄前儿童的家庭组成。具体来说，我们调查了参与正念减压干预是否会减少育儿压力，从而减少DD儿童的内化行为问题，以及这种关系是否会被儿童的ASD状态所调节。此外，我们研究了从治疗前到治疗后，个体在有意识和不判断行为的注意方面的增加是否会导致DD儿童内化问题的减少，以及这种关系是否会被儿童的ASD状态所调节。结果父母在正念减压治疗组的孩子比父母在等候名单对照组的孩子有更大的内在问题减少，b= - 5.71, p .05。结论本研究结果对父母压力与DD患儿内化问题之间的关系具有重要意义，为治疗DD患儿共病内化问题提供了一种新的方法。父母使用正念减压疗法提供了一种早期干预的方法，可能随着时间的推移改善内化问题的发展。目前的研究通过强调在干预中解决正念特定方面的重要性，有助于为未来的育儿干预提供信息，这可能会导致更大程度上减少弱势群体(如DD儿童)的内化问题(图1)。
{"title":"Effects of MBSR Parent Intervention on Internalizing Problems in Children: ASD Status as a Moderator","authors":"Hadley A. McGregor, Catherine M. Sanner, Cameron L. Neece","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1815913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1815913","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Children with developmental delays (DD), particularly autism spectrum disorders (ASD), are at high risk for increased levels of behavior problems and developing internalizing problems. While previous literature has highlighted the impact of parental stress on the development of behavioral problems broadly in children with DD, research on the relation between parenting stress and internalizing problems in children with ASD is scarce. Growing evidence has supported Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) as an effective intervention for reducing stress among parents of children with DD. These reductions in parent stress are also associated with subsequent reductions in their children’s behavior problem; however, to our knowledge, the effects of MBSR and reductions in parent stress on internalizing problems in children with DD have not been examined. Method The current study utilized data from Mindful Awareness for Parenting Stress (MAPS) which consisted of families of 80 preschool children with developmental delays (DD) whose parents reported high levels of stress. Specifically, we investigated whether decreases in parenting stress as a result of engagement in a MBSR intervention would lead to reductions in internalizing behavior problems among children with DD, and whether this relation was moderated by the child’s ASD status. Additionally, we examined whether individual increases in the mindful facets of acting with awareness and nonjudgment, from pre- to post- treatment, would lead to reductions in internalizing problems among children with DD, and whether this relation was moderated by the child’s ASD status. Results Children of parents in the MBSR treatment group had greater reductions in internalizing problems compared to children whose parents were in the waitlist-control group, b= −5.71, p <.05. We also found that children of parents who reported greater increases in acting with awareness post-treatment had a greater reduction in internalizing problems, b= −2.57, p<.05. Additionally, children whose parents had greater increases in nonjudgment post-treatment had a greater reduction in internalizing problems, b= −1.85, p<.05. However, ASD status was not a significant moderator in either analysis, ps >.05. Conclusions These findings have important implications regarding the relation between parenting stress and internalizing problems in children with DD. This treatment offers a novel approach to treating comorbid internalizing problems in children with DD. Parents’ use of MBSR provides a method of early intervention, which may ameliorate the development of internalizing problems over time. The current study helps to inform future parenting interventions by highlighting the importance of addressing specific facets of mindfulness in interventions which may lead to greater reductions in internalizing problems in vulnerable populations such as children with DD Figure 1.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"80 1","pages":"343 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89840899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1790064
L. Patel, Kristine Wolter-Warmerdam, F. Hickey
ABSTRACT Introduction Children and young adults with Down syndrome can demonstrate increased behavior problems compared to their typically developing peers through childhood and adolescence. This study aims to: (1) identify common patterns of behaviors in children and young adults with Down syndrome and (2) assess potential medical comorbidities that could increase the risk for behavioral challenges. Methods This retrospective, cross-sectional study identifies common patterns of behaviors in 378 children and young adults between 2 and 22 years of age with Down syndrome receiving care at a single medical center. Results Composite scores were developed for each of the four study factors: (1) Externalization, (2) Apprehension, (3) Internalization, and (4) Harm/Unrest. Analysis of variance was conducted on the influence of comorbidities on the four factors. Results indicated that the impact of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Autism, feeding problems, heart defect, infantile spasms, obstructive sleep apnea, and prematurity on problematic behaviors were statistically significant. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of addressing medical comorbidities to potentially reduce problematic behavior, while also identifying neurodevelopmental differences that result in categorical behavioral challenges for children and young adults with Down syndrome.
{"title":"Patterns of Behavior and Medical Comorbidities in Down syndrome","authors":"L. Patel, Kristine Wolter-Warmerdam, F. Hickey","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1790064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1790064","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Children and young adults with Down syndrome can demonstrate increased behavior problems compared to their typically developing peers through childhood and adolescence. This study aims to: (1) identify common patterns of behaviors in children and young adults with Down syndrome and (2) assess potential medical comorbidities that could increase the risk for behavioral challenges. Methods This retrospective, cross-sectional study identifies common patterns of behaviors in 378 children and young adults between 2 and 22 years of age with Down syndrome receiving care at a single medical center. Results Composite scores were developed for each of the four study factors: (1) Externalization, (2) Apprehension, (3) Internalization, and (4) Harm/Unrest. Analysis of variance was conducted on the influence of comorbidities on the four factors. Results indicated that the impact of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Autism, feeding problems, heart defect, infantile spasms, obstructive sleep apnea, and prematurity on problematic behaviors were statistically significant. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of addressing medical comorbidities to potentially reduce problematic behavior, while also identifying neurodevelopmental differences that result in categorical behavioral challenges for children and young adults with Down syndrome.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"148 1","pages":"267 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80655999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1783039
S. Lennard, R. Sharpe, R. Goodey, Sharon Hudson, R. Shankar
ABSTRACT Introduction People with learning disabilities in the United Kingdom are being incarcerated in hospital settings due to lack of suitable community care and support. Factors influencing discharge from institutional/hospital care to enable successful community living have not been explored systematically. Method A systematic review using the PRISMA guidance identified studies via five electronic database searches of Medline, CINAHL, Embase, psychINFO, and Cochrane Library. A predesigned inclusion/exclusion criterion was applied to selected articles. A thematic analysis approach was used. Results Six qualitative and twelve quantitative articles were identified and divided into three broad themes of support, housing, and health. A further nineteen articles were identified as of peripheral interest. Conclusion Factors affording a successful transition from hospital/institution to community are discussed. Suitable standards of housing, staff support/training, and health-care access influence the success of sustainable repatriation. An evidence-based tool kit is proposed from available factors to enable safe, sustainable, and timely discharge.
{"title":"Creating Capable Communities for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"S. Lennard, R. Sharpe, R. Goodey, Sharon Hudson, R. Shankar","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1783039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1783039","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction People with learning disabilities in the United Kingdom are being incarcerated in hospital settings due to lack of suitable community care and support. Factors influencing discharge from institutional/hospital care to enable successful community living have not been explored systematically. Method A systematic review using the PRISMA guidance identified studies via five electronic database searches of Medline, CINAHL, Embase, psychINFO, and Cochrane Library. A predesigned inclusion/exclusion criterion was applied to selected articles. A thematic analysis approach was used. Results Six qualitative and twelve quantitative articles were identified and divided into three broad themes of support, housing, and health. A further nineteen articles were identified as of peripheral interest. Conclusion Factors affording a successful transition from hospital/institution to community are discussed. Suitable standards of housing, staff support/training, and health-care access influence the success of sustainable repatriation. An evidence-based tool kit is proposed from available factors to enable safe, sustainable, and timely discharge.","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"45 1","pages":"174 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90612206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1790702
A. Hassiotis
The coronavirus pandemic continues to be a serious global problem with very significant consequences for individual health, wellbeing and economic stability. As we learn more about the disease and its prognosis, several facts have emerged about onset, spread and fatality rates. One of the most striking findings is that of people from Black Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups bearing more severe forms of the illness and consequently dying at higher rates than their white counterparts. This disparity has been seen in many countries as reports about the characteristics of those infected and hospitalized are being published (Patel et al., 2020). Particular concerns have been raised about what might be driving this increased susceptibility to the virus including the role of widely suspected structural inequalities. A group of people who are exceedingly vulnerable, usually underserved and often stigmatized and discriminated against are those with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Those who are at the intersection of BAME and intellectual and developmental disabilities are likely to fare less well. There has been some research in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities from BAME groups but only a small proportion examines health status. Robertson et al. (2019) found 23 studies reporting on health status and service use in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities living in the UK. BAME status was associated with 4fold increase in abnormal blood glucose levels; a diagnosis of psychosis; lower likelihood to have his/her mental ill-health recognized by a family carer. South Asian families in particular were less likely to access specialist intellectual disability services for a mental health problem and reported increased social care needs. Analysis of US-based databases such as the Adult Consumer Survey of the National Indicators Project (Bershadsky et al., 2014) indicated that ethnicity (White non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, Hispanic) was an important variable in accessing 6 public health preventive programs although the differences dissipated when person characteristics were accounted for. Another study
{"title":"The Intersectionality of Ethnicity/race and Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Impact on Health Profiles, Service Access and Mortality","authors":"A. Hassiotis","doi":"10.1080/19315864.2020.1790702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2020.1790702","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus pandemic continues to be a serious global problem with very significant consequences for individual health, wellbeing and economic stability. As we learn more about the disease and its prognosis, several facts have emerged about onset, spread and fatality rates. One of the most striking findings is that of people from Black Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups bearing more severe forms of the illness and consequently dying at higher rates than their white counterparts. This disparity has been seen in many countries as reports about the characteristics of those infected and hospitalized are being published (Patel et al., 2020). Particular concerns have been raised about what might be driving this increased susceptibility to the virus including the role of widely suspected structural inequalities. A group of people who are exceedingly vulnerable, usually underserved and often stigmatized and discriminated against are those with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Those who are at the intersection of BAME and intellectual and developmental disabilities are likely to fare less well. There has been some research in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities from BAME groups but only a small proportion examines health status. Robertson et al. (2019) found 23 studies reporting on health status and service use in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities living in the UK. BAME status was associated with 4fold increase in abnormal blood glucose levels; a diagnosis of psychosis; lower likelihood to have his/her mental ill-health recognized by a family carer. South Asian families in particular were less likely to access specialist intellectual disability services for a mental health problem and reported increased social care needs. Analysis of US-based databases such as the Adult Consumer Survey of the National Indicators Project (Bershadsky et al., 2014) indicated that ethnicity (White non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, Hispanic) was an important variable in accessing 6 public health preventive programs although the differences dissipated when person characteristics were accounted for. Another study","PeriodicalId":45864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"26 1","pages":"171 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78931003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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