Journal of Public Health Research最新文献

Background: Quality of care doesn't only include the delivery of care, but also the experience. Experience encompasses aspects like respect, communication, and emotional support, which are particularly important to mothers because childbirth is one of the most significant life experiences with long-lasting effects on self-perception as a woman and mother. The study aims to assess the quality of care for women's childbirth experiences in the maternity department of Kasr Alainy Medical Hospital in Cairo.

Design and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Egypt over a period of 4 months. Around 200 women who were inpatients at the maternity department during the study period agreed to participate. A researcher-administered questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, birth information, and intrapartum care experience was used. This was adapted from the validated ReproQ questionnaire, which is based on WHO standards, using systematic random sampling from the hospital delivery register.

Results: Out of 201 respondents, around 45% were below 25 years old, and the majority (65%) were between 20 and 35 years old. The average score for overall satisfaction was 4.1 out of 5, with more than 80% giving a score of 4 or 5, indicating satisfaction or very satisfaction. The highest scores were in dignity, while the lowest were in choice and autonomy.

Conclusion: The only sociodemographic factor showing a significant association was the place of health service provision. Women receiving full maternal service at the same hospital were generally more satisfied.

Background: The Government of India has made significant efforts to promote AYUSH to the public, resulting in an increase in its use in urban areas, contrary to previous studies, which warrant further investigation. This study explored the factors associated with AYUSH usage and the subsequent reasons.

Design and methods: This cross-sectional study used a secondary dataset from the NSSO's AYUSH survey, in which 621,230 respondents were selected. GEE logistic regression and chi-squared tests were used to test the association between various factors affecting AYUSH usage.

Results: Awareness of AYUSH had the largest effect size among all variables, with an odds ratio of 24.17. Higher education, Hindu religion, backward castes, higher consumption, and urban residence were associated with higher AYUSH use. Cross-tabulations revealed that people used AYUSH to treat chronic illnesses, citing reasons such as safety, low pricing, and culture.

Conclusion: Although people are aware of AYUSH services, they lack understanding of the safety of medications, leading to unsupervised use for chronic illnesses. This unawareness stems from AYUSH's cultural lineage, which may result in poor health outcomes for patients. The integration of AYUSH with allopathic medicine is needed to minimize casualties. AYUSH's popularity in urban areas shows the success of government efforts, but the increase in private institutions may raise the prices of treatments. Future studies should longitudinally examine awareness, culture, and AYUSH use.

Originality/novelty: This study uses the latest NSSO AYUSH 2022-23, and no studies explored user perceptions of it. The study used GEE logistic regression, adjusting within correlations, and minimized sampling bias.

Objectives: To investigate and highlight the factors associated with smoking relapse and to demonstrate the withdrawal symptoms related to smoking cessation.

Methods: This study is part of a larger historical cohort involved 490 participants who attended smoking cessation clinics in primary health care settings. A total of 143 relapsed after they initially quit smoking and included in this study. The participants were interviewed by phone using a structured questionnaire after obtaining informed consent. Frequency distribution tables and proportions were used to describe the study results.

Results: More than half (55.9%) of participants who initially quit smoking by attending the smoking cessation clinics reported that relationships with smokers were the main reason for smoking relapse. Emotional or social problems led to relapse among 38.5% of the participants. Withdrawal symptoms were relatively low (14.7%). An increase in appetite was prevalent among 74.8% of smoking quitters as the main withdrawal symptom. This was followed by weight gain in 72%, craving for cigarettes/smoking in 71.3%, and feelings of anger in 53.1%. All the tested sociodemographic variables, namely: age, sex, nationality, income, education, and marital status, failed to show a statistically significant association with early timing of relapse (1-6 months).

Conclusion: The study identified various factors linked to smoking relapse among individuals using smoking cessation services. Relationships with smokers and emotional or social problems were the most common reasons. Additional research is needed to investigate strategies and interventions specifically targeting early smoking relapse to attain the desired health outcomes from smoking cessation services.

Objective: The study investigates the mediating role of job crafting on the relationship between workplace social support and employee mental health.

Method: The research utilized a survey method to obtain data from respondents in selected government departments operating within the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A total of 289 usable responses were obtained for analysis with the ordinary least squares regression-based path analysis being conducted using the Hayes Process Macro to quantify the direct effects of the hypothesized relationships.

Results: The direct relationships show support for the relationships between (a) workplace social support and job crafting and (b) workplace social support and employee mental health. In terms of the mediation results, job crafting was observed to partially mediate the association between workplace social support and employee mental health.

Conclusions: The study establishes that job crafting is the preeminent antecedent of employee mental health compared to workplace social support. This suggests that employees who take proactive steps to modify their work environment tend to experience greater mental well-being. The findings call for an urgent need to promote organizations that not only encourage job crafting but supportive workplace behaviors in promoting mental health.

Objective: To investigate the different contributions made by nurses in the management of patients with post covid-19 condition (PCC) within the French healthcare context.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study among healthcare professionals in France and enrolled 17 nurses from different care sectors, including private practice, hospitals, schools, and research settings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between October 2022 and June 2023. The inclusion criteria were: "be a nursing professional" and "having taken care of a patient with PCC." A content thematic analysis was carried out using NVIVO software with advanced pattern recognition analysis, applying the French nursing competency framework to categorize findings.

Results: Five main themes emerged: (i) the diversity of nurses' contributions and responsibilities, (ii) psychological support: an essential nursing contribution, (iii) screening and referral activities for PCC patients, (iv) care coordination and inter-professional collaboration responsibilities, and (v) therapeutic patient education and clinical research participation. Nurses demonstrated expanded competencies in PCC symptom recognition, adapted traditional tasks to meet novel patient needs, and integrated evolving Long Covid knowledge with existing chronic disease management expertise.

Conclusion: The results offer important perspectives for the organization of the healthcare system and for the nursing profession in the management of chronic diseases. An important aspect of our findings concerns the coordination of care pathways, which raises the issue of task delegation to nurses, particularly in a context of healthcare professional shortages.

Background: Vaccination is one of the most effective public health interventions, preventing millions of deaths globally. However, vaccine hesitancy persists, not only among the public, but also among healthcare professionals (HCPs), who serve as key sources of vaccine information. This study assesses HCPs' vaccination attitudes and estimates the prevalence and determinants of vaccine hesitancy in the UAE.

Design and methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study surveyed HCPs across the UAE from March to October 2024 using a 57-item questionnaire adapted from previous literature. Univariate, bivariate (chi-squared test), and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were conducted.

Results: HCPs demonstrated generally positive attitudes towards paediatric vaccinations, with 84.29% expressing confidence in vaccine safety and efficacy. However, significant knowledge gaps were identified, particularly regarding vaccine adjuvants and long-term safety. Hesitancy was highest among mid-level professionals, including nurses, dentists, and pharmacists, with concerns about vaccine safety (47.87%) and adverse effects (57.67%) being major drivers. Additionally, 85.77% exhibited caution towards newly introduced vaccines, preferring to wait for broader community uptake. Time constraints limited vaccine discussions, and 71.9% of HCPs had never received formal training on addressing hesitancy.

Conclusion: While HCPs generally support paediatric vaccinations, knowledge gaps and hesitancy towards new vaccines persist. Targeted professional education, particularly in vaccine safety and communication strategies, is crucial to strengthening vaccine advocacy. Addressing these gaps through tailored training programmes may enhance HCPs' ability to effectively counter vaccine hesitancy and sustain high immunization coverage.

Background: The ear plays a vital role in hearing and maintaining balance, which means proper care is crucial. This study examines the knowledge, attitude, and practice of ear care and hearing health in the community.

Design and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 17 February and 16 March 2024 in three municipalities each from Surkhet and Salyan districts of Karnali Province, selected using probability-proportional-to-size sampling. Structured interviews were conducted with 1532 individuals aged 15 years and above, following informed consent. A 20-item questionnaire was used for data collection.

Results: Among the 1532 participants, 55.1% were aged 15-44 years, and 64.6% were female. The mean knowledge score was 3.04 ± 0.93, the attitude score was 3.35 ± 0.98, and the practice score was 2.39 ± 0.81 (out of 5). Good knowledge was found in 34.7% of participants, a positive attitude in 47.7%, and appropriate practices in only 7.2%. Age was significantly associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice, with younger individuals exhibiting higher scores. Education level was significantly associated with knowledge and attitude but not with practice. Significant positive correlations were observed between knowledge and attitude, and between attitude and practice, but not between knowledge and practice.

Conclusion: Less than half of the population demonstrated good knowledge and attitude towards ear and hearing health. Healthy practices were notably low. Younger participants had better KAP levels than older individuals. While higher education was linked to improved knowledge and attitude, it did not influence healthy practices.

Background: Adolescent-to-Parent Violence (APV) is acknowledged as a form of family violence, wherein the conventional parent-adolescent relationship is disrupted. The Adolescent-parent relationship dynamic can be shaped by the conservative and collective nature of Jordanian culture.

Aim: This qualitative study aimed to explore adolescents' views on violence towards their parents in the context of Jordanian culture.

Methodology: Constructivist grounded theory methodology guided this study. Four focus group discussions with adolescents (aged 10-19 years) from early, middle, and late stages were conducted; adolescents were recruited from one private and one public school in Amman. Data were collected and analyzed simultaneously.

Findings: The main findings were categorized into five main themes: Types of violence, Causes of violence, Consequences of violence, Managing violence, and Violence-specific characteristics.

Conclusions: This is the first study in Jordan that highlights the phenomenon of APV in Jordan, including different types of violence, the causes from adolescents' views, the consequences of violence, how adolescents manage it, and specific characteristics of APV. APV breeds further violence towards others. Additional research is needed to explore APV parents' perceptions. Moreover, exploring the best possible ways to minimize violent incidences within the community is necessary.

In Kenya, inadequate access to safe sanitation and the inconsistent use of available sanitation facilities present critical public health challenges, which necessitate sustainable interventions to improve sanitation infrastructure and hygiene practices. This study explored the influence of water supply reliability on the uptake of safe toilet (SATO) pans in Kitui and Kisumu Counties in Kenya. The research employed descriptive cross-sectional design, and used a mixed method approach. Data were collected from 382 participants (using a questionnaire) and 18 key informants through interviews. The participants were purposively sampled across both Counties. The results revealed a relationship between water supply reliability and SATO pan uptake. Kitui County residents, whose County experienced water scarcity, were 33.5% more likely to use SATO pans than those in Kisumu, whose County had more reliable water supply. The study thus underscores the role of SATO pan innovations as a context-appropriate sanitation solution, particularly due to their low-water-use design that suits areas with less water reliability. Moreover, the findings highlight the importance of creating awareness and promoting SATO pan innovations with careful consideration for water supply reliability as a key factor influencing adoption.