Journal of Public Health Research最新文献

Objective: To investigate the different contributions made by nurses in the management of patients with post covid-19 condition (PCC) within the French healthcare context.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study among healthcare professionals in France and enrolled 17 nurses from different care sectors, including private practice, hospitals, schools, and research settings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between October 2022 and June 2023. The inclusion criteria were: "be a nursing professional" and "having taken care of a patient with PCC." A content thematic analysis was carried out using NVIVO software with advanced pattern recognition analysis, applying the French nursing competency framework to categorize findings.

Results: Five main themes emerged: (i) the diversity of nurses' contributions and responsibilities, (ii) psychological support: an essential nursing contribution, (iii) screening and referral activities for PCC patients, (iv) care coordination and inter-professional collaboration responsibilities, and (v) therapeutic patient education and clinical research participation. Nurses demonstrated expanded competencies in PCC symptom recognition, adapted traditional tasks to meet novel patient needs, and integrated evolving Long Covid knowledge with existing chronic disease management expertise.

Conclusion: The results offer important perspectives for the organization of the healthcare system and for the nursing profession in the management of chronic diseases. An important aspect of our findings concerns the coordination of care pathways, which raises the issue of task delegation to nurses, particularly in a context of healthcare professional shortages.

Background: Vaccination is one of the most effective public health interventions, preventing millions of deaths globally. However, vaccine hesitancy persists, not only among the public, but also among healthcare professionals (HCPs), who serve as key sources of vaccine information. This study assesses HCPs' vaccination attitudes and estimates the prevalence and determinants of vaccine hesitancy in the UAE.

Design and methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study surveyed HCPs across the UAE from March to October 2024 using a 57-item questionnaire adapted from previous literature. Univariate, bivariate (chi-squared test), and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were conducted.

Results: HCPs demonstrated generally positive attitudes towards paediatric vaccinations, with 84.29% expressing confidence in vaccine safety and efficacy. However, significant knowledge gaps were identified, particularly regarding vaccine adjuvants and long-term safety. Hesitancy was highest among mid-level professionals, including nurses, dentists, and pharmacists, with concerns about vaccine safety (47.87%) and adverse effects (57.67%) being major drivers. Additionally, 85.77% exhibited caution towards newly introduced vaccines, preferring to wait for broader community uptake. Time constraints limited vaccine discussions, and 71.9% of HCPs had never received formal training on addressing hesitancy.

Conclusion: While HCPs generally support paediatric vaccinations, knowledge gaps and hesitancy towards new vaccines persist. Targeted professional education, particularly in vaccine safety and communication strategies, is crucial to strengthening vaccine advocacy. Addressing these gaps through tailored training programmes may enhance HCPs' ability to effectively counter vaccine hesitancy and sustain high immunization coverage.

Background: The ear plays a vital role in hearing and maintaining balance, which means proper care is crucial. This study examines the knowledge, attitude, and practice of ear care and hearing health in the community.

Design and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 17 February and 16 March 2024 in three municipalities each from Surkhet and Salyan districts of Karnali Province, selected using probability-proportional-to-size sampling. Structured interviews were conducted with 1532 individuals aged 15 years and above, following informed consent. A 20-item questionnaire was used for data collection.

Results: Among the 1532 participants, 55.1% were aged 15-44 years, and 64.6% were female. The mean knowledge score was 3.04 ± 0.93, the attitude score was 3.35 ± 0.98, and the practice score was 2.39 ± 0.81 (out of 5). Good knowledge was found in 34.7% of participants, a positive attitude in 47.7%, and appropriate practices in only 7.2%. Age was significantly associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice, with younger individuals exhibiting higher scores. Education level was significantly associated with knowledge and attitude but not with practice. Significant positive correlations were observed between knowledge and attitude, and between attitude and practice, but not between knowledge and practice.

Conclusion: Less than half of the population demonstrated good knowledge and attitude towards ear and hearing health. Healthy practices were notably low. Younger participants had better KAP levels than older individuals. While higher education was linked to improved knowledge and attitude, it did not influence healthy practices.

Background: Adolescent-to-Parent Violence (APV) is acknowledged as a form of family violence, wherein the conventional parent-adolescent relationship is disrupted. The Adolescent-parent relationship dynamic can be shaped by the conservative and collective nature of Jordanian culture.

Aim: This qualitative study aimed to explore adolescents' views on violence towards their parents in the context of Jordanian culture.

Methodology: Constructivist grounded theory methodology guided this study. Four focus group discussions with adolescents (aged 10-19 years) from early, middle, and late stages were conducted; adolescents were recruited from one private and one public school in Amman. Data were collected and analyzed simultaneously.

Findings: The main findings were categorized into five main themes: Types of violence, Causes of violence, Consequences of violence, Managing violence, and Violence-specific characteristics.

Conclusions: This is the first study in Jordan that highlights the phenomenon of APV in Jordan, including different types of violence, the causes from adolescents' views, the consequences of violence, how adolescents manage it, and specific characteristics of APV. APV breeds further violence towards others. Additional research is needed to explore APV parents' perceptions. Moreover, exploring the best possible ways to minimize violent incidences within the community is necessary.

In Kenya, inadequate access to safe sanitation and the inconsistent use of available sanitation facilities present critical public health challenges, which necessitate sustainable interventions to improve sanitation infrastructure and hygiene practices. This study explored the influence of water supply reliability on the uptake of safe toilet (SATO) pans in Kitui and Kisumu Counties in Kenya. The research employed descriptive cross-sectional design, and used a mixed method approach. Data were collected from 382 participants (using a questionnaire) and 18 key informants through interviews. The participants were purposively sampled across both Counties. The results revealed a relationship between water supply reliability and SATO pan uptake. Kitui County residents, whose County experienced water scarcity, were 33.5% more likely to use SATO pans than those in Kisumu, whose County had more reliable water supply. The study thus underscores the role of SATO pan innovations as a context-appropriate sanitation solution, particularly due to their low-water-use design that suits areas with less water reliability. Moreover, the findings highlight the importance of creating awareness and promoting SATO pan innovations with careful consideration for water supply reliability as a key factor influencing adoption.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant effects on emergency medical services (EMS). The objective of this study was to investigate how the prehospital response by the Israeli National EMS System (Magen David Adom, MDA) was affected by the first six waves of COVID-19.

Methods: This was a retrospective study using the command-and-control database of MDA from January 1, 2019, through July 31, 2022. EMS responses from each of the six waves of COVID-19 were compared to a historical control period using a 7-day moving average.

Results: A total of 1,242,225 EMS responses were included. During the first wave, there was an increase in daily responses to fever (83.1 vs 40.3; p < 0.05) and respiratory symptoms (177.0 vs 151.7; p < 0.05), but a decrease for major trauma (78.3 vs 100.4; p < 0.05) and motor vehicle accidents (MVA) (44.4 vs 104.4; p < 0.05). A similar trend was demonstrated during the second wave. In the third wave, there were no significant differences in responses to respiratory complaints, cardiac complaints, or major trauma. During the subsequent waves, there were significant increases for all types of responses compared to the control periods.

Conclusions: During the first two waves of COVID-19, there was an increase in responses for fever and respiratory symptoms and a decrease in responses for major trauma and MVA. In the subsequent waves, a gradual return to the trend of an overall increase in the number of responses over time compared to the control period was observed.

Background: Despite the fact that menstruation is a normal biliogical cycle in a woman's life, its management presents considerable challenges particularly among vulnerable and socio-economically marginalized population segments, affecting their health and well-being. This study explores women's experiences and knowledge concerning menstrual health, delving into prevalent myths, cultural or religious beliefs associated with menstruation, and their health-seeking behaviors regarding menstrual health challenges.

Design and methods: A descriptive qualitative study involving in-depth interviews with 24 women of reproductive age in a peri- urban community near Islamabad was conducted. Participants' knowledge of menstruation, cultural misconceptions, and health-seeking behaviors were explored.

Results: Despite living in the capital city of the country, many participants exhibited limited awareness about menstruation, with misconceptions such as the belief that amenorrhea (missing period cycle) causes infertility. They also reported avoiding certain foods and activities during menstruation. Menstrual hygiene practices included using cloth instead of sanitary napkins due to cost concerns, and avoiding bathing during menstruation, reflecting the influence of cultural beliefs on menstrual hygiene practices.

Conclusion: Limited menstrual health awareness perpetuates myths and cultural misconceptions affecting hygiene practices and health-seeking behaviors. Enhanced education campaigns and culturally sensitive interventions are imperative to rectify these misconceptions and empower women for improved menstrual health.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are often given lower priority and receive little attention in developing countries especially in Ethiopia. Despite extensive research on MSDs, there is no comprehensive evidence in Ethiopia on the magnitude of musculoskeletal disorders. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal disorders among patients with DM in Ethiopia.

Methods: The study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The articles were searched using electronic databases including PubMed, Science Direct, and African Journals Online from October 1 to March 30, 2025. The authors carried out data extraction using a standardized form created in MS Excel.

Results: Eight studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis study. The study showed that the pooled prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among patients with diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia is 27.79% (95% CI: 21.90-33.68, I ² = 59.7%). Being female (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.35-2.55, I ² = 0.0%), rural residence(OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.21-2.95, I ² = 46.1), age > 50 years (OR = 6.55, 95% CI: 1.23 -34.98, I ² = 93.9%), hypertension(OR = 4.85, 95% CI 2.59-9.08, I ² = 73.6%) and DM duration ≥ 10 years (OR = 9.41, 95% CI: 1.04-85.08, I ² = 94.9%) were associated factors of musculoskeletal disorders.

Conclusions: Musculoskeletal disorders are highly prevalent among patients with diabetes in Ethiopia, particularly among older adults, those with long-standing diabetes, and individuals with comorbid conditions such as hypertension. These findings underscore the need for targeted screening and early intervention programs for high-risk groups.

Prospero registration number: CRD42024580332.

The pervasive influence of racism confers on all public health researchers-even those for whom health disparities research is not their focus-a social responsibility to conduct research that is antiracist (i.e. to adopt research approaches that actively oppose racism and promote equity). This manuscript reviews the relevant literature and provides guidance for conducting antiracist public health research specifically for researchers for whom health disparities research is not a focus of their work. Drawing on Critical Race Theory, we propose a preliminary framework for conducting antiracist research in the form of five overarching guidelines, which were developed in the United States based on the American experience, but can be tailored/adapted to country-specific/cultural contexts: I. Frame race as a social (not a biological) construct; II. Actively solicit input and participation from individuals who are racial and ethnic minorities; III. Choose terminology carefully and be mindful of its implications; IV. Incorporate measures of contextual factors that may influence health-related behaviors and outcomes; and V. Be intentional with choices of theoretical frameworks, study design, and analytic approaches. We summarize relevant literature and provide recommendations and key references for how to follow each guideline. We also discuss how research that does not attend to these guidelines unintentionally supports racist structures and provide examples of how each guideline applies to research on the 2019 Coronavirus pandemic. Following the guidelines in this manuscript, though not exhaustive, will allow researchers to contribute to an antiracist public health agenda in pursuit of health equity regardless of content focus.