Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1859297
B. Stoute, Michael Slevin
ABSTRACT A contemporary concern for historical, social and cultural representations in the unconscious in contemporary psychoanalysis has joined with an expansion of psychoanalytic concern for work in the community at large. In this series of articles, the impact of racism in the worlds of African children is explored in the work of Kirkland Vaughans, Jama Adams, Michael Slevin and Marie Rudden. Vaughans discusses the impact of the intergenerational transmission of trauma from slavery on Black boys; Adams explores creative self-making in African American adolescents as they navigate an often racially hostile culture; Slevin reflects on his countertransference, often with regard to race and class, working psychoanalytically in the emergency room of an urban hospital, while Rudden meticulously demonstrates how structural racism combined with group dysfunction allowed the series of events that led to the Flint, Michigan, water crisis.
{"title":"Introduction - African American Children in the World of Structural Racism: Psychoanalytic Perspectives","authors":"B. Stoute, Michael Slevin","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1859297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1859297","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A contemporary concern for historical, social and cultural representations in the unconscious in contemporary psychoanalysis has joined with an expansion of psychoanalytic concern for work in the community at large. In this series of articles, the impact of racism in the worlds of African children is explored in the work of Kirkland Vaughans, Jama Adams, Michael Slevin and Marie Rudden. Vaughans discusses the impact of the intergenerational transmission of trauma from slavery on Black boys; Adams explores creative self-making in African American adolescents as they navigate an often racially hostile culture; Slevin reflects on his countertransference, often with regard to race and class, working psychoanalytically in the emergency room of an urban hospital, while Rudden meticulously demonstrates how structural racism combined with group dysfunction allowed the series of events that led to the Flint, Michigan, water crisis.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"74 1","pages":"44 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1859297","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49059306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1859279
R. Galatzer‐Levy
ABSTRACT Adolescent boys’ engagement with pornography serves multiple developmental functions. Like other external supports of developent it can contribute to problematic development. Understanding these multiple functions and their interrelationships as they function as part of a complex system leads to a fuller picture of this aspect of boys’ development and its multiple potential pathways. It supports a clinical exploratory attitude that starts with an appreciation that use of pornography is not best thought of as a symptom and continues as an outline of potential meanings and functions of this activity, particularly as it interacts with the broader field of the adolescent’s sexuality.
{"title":"Adolescent Boys and Pornography: Notes on a Complex System","authors":"R. Galatzer‐Levy","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1859279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1859279","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adolescent boys’ engagement with pornography serves multiple developmental functions. Like other external supports of developent it can contribute to problematic development. Understanding these multiple functions and their interrelationships as they function as part of a complex system leads to a fuller picture of this aspect of boys’ development and its multiple potential pathways. It supports a clinical exploratory attitude that starts with an appreciation that use of pornography is not best thought of as a symptom and continues as an outline of potential meanings and functions of this activity, particularly as it interacts with the broader field of the adolescent’s sexuality.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"74 1","pages":"191 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1859279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44038510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1859291
J. Rose
ABSTRACT It has been a hundred years since the tragic loss of Freud’s daughter, Sophie Halberstadt-Freud, to the Spanish flu shortly after the end of World War One. In this essay, delivered as the 47th Annual Vienna Freud Museum lecture, Jacqueline Rose argues that Freud’s historic moment – of grief, pandemic and war – had an even more decisive impact on his thinking than has previously been recognised. Freud’s writings on the death drive collide with, and are fuelled by, an increasingly urgent engagement with our innermost psychic and biological relationship to the past and, at the same time, with the cruelty and injustice of the world. Today, as we confront the darkness of the hour, psychoanalysis has never been more urgently needed. What can we still learn from Freud about how to live and how to die in our own troubled times?
{"title":"To Die One’s Own Death – Thinking with Freud in a Time of Pandemic, Livestreamed from London Freud Museum, 23 September 2020","authors":"J. Rose","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1859291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1859291","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It has been a hundred years since the tragic loss of Freud’s daughter, Sophie Halberstadt-Freud, to the Spanish flu shortly after the end of World War One. In this essay, delivered as the 47th Annual Vienna Freud Museum lecture, Jacqueline Rose argues that Freud’s historic moment – of grief, pandemic and war – had an even more decisive impact on his thinking than has previously been recognised. Freud’s writings on the death drive collide with, and are fuelled by, an increasingly urgent engagement with our innermost psychic and biological relationship to the past and, at the same time, with the cruelty and injustice of the world. Today, as we confront the darkness of the hour, psychoanalysis has never been more urgently needed. What can we still learn from Freud about how to live and how to die in our own troubled times?","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"74 1","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1859291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45453108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1690868
J. Novick, K. K. Novick
ABSTRACT Decades of research have demonstrated unequivocally that physical punishment is harmful to children and leads to later negative outcomes. Yet over 80% of parents in the United States continue to spank, and 30% of psychologists support spanking. This paper examines why there is such a disparity between knowledge and the behavior of legalized violence against children. The authors suggest that violence against children serves multiple unconscious functions that feel necessary to the psychological survival of the perpetrator. It is a manifestation of a powerful defensive motivation to maintain a sadomasochistic, “closed system” response to helplessness experienced by adults. The authors describe some interventions that carry the hope of change.
{"title":"Why Won’t They Learn: Unconscious Underpinnngs of Corporal Punishment","authors":"J. Novick, K. K. Novick","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1690868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690868","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Decades of research have demonstrated unequivocally that physical punishment is harmful to children and leads to later negative outcomes. Yet over 80% of parents in the United States continue to spank, and 30% of psychologists support spanking. This paper examines why there is such a disparity between knowledge and the behavior of legalized violence against children. The authors suggest that violence against children serves multiple unconscious functions that feel necessary to the psychological survival of the perpetrator. It is a manifestation of a powerful defensive motivation to maintain a sadomasochistic, “closed system” response to helplessness experienced by adults. The authors describe some interventions that carry the hope of change.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"73 1","pages":"62 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690868","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42655270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1690905
T. Hatzor
ABSTRACT This paper uses Freud’s idea of evenly suspended attention, as applied through Bick’s method of infant observation, to demonstrate a technique crucial to the work of the parent-infant clinician. Cultivating an evenly suspended state of attention is shown to be an indispensable technique for the clinician’s mind at work, especially for the parent infant clinician, whose external setting is unpredictable and challenging. Without a fixed external setting, a portable frame is required: the internal setting established by combining psychoanalytic theory with this specific kind of free-floating attention. This claim will be illustrated by an observer’s use of attentiveness in a daycare setting. The observer gathered the experience of a four-month-old infant in psychic peril. Lacking his caregiver’s attention, the infant was object-absent. The observer’s sensitive, absorbing stance was pivotal: not only to finding meaning and containing the primitive anxieties of an infant in trouble, but also – critically – to enabling the development of the infant’s sense of self by building a mental bridge to an unavailable caregiver, who could be reached and ultimately found a place in her mind for him.
{"title":"The Portable Psychoanalytic Frame: Evenly Suspended Attention, Bick’s Method of Infant Observation and Its [Unexpected] Application by an Observer in a Day Care","authors":"T. Hatzor","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1690905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690905","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper uses Freud’s idea of evenly suspended attention, as applied through Bick’s method of infant observation, to demonstrate a technique crucial to the work of the parent-infant clinician. Cultivating an evenly suspended state of attention is shown to be an indispensable technique for the clinician’s mind at work, especially for the parent infant clinician, whose external setting is unpredictable and challenging. Without a fixed external setting, a portable frame is required: the internal setting established by combining psychoanalytic theory with this specific kind of free-floating attention. This claim will be illustrated by an observer’s use of attentiveness in a daycare setting. The observer gathered the experience of a four-month-old infant in psychic peril. Lacking his caregiver’s attention, the infant was object-absent. The observer’s sensitive, absorbing stance was pivotal: not only to finding meaning and containing the primitive anxieties of an infant in trouble, but also – critically – to enabling the development of the infant’s sense of self by building a mental bridge to an unavailable caregiver, who could be reached and ultimately found a place in her mind for him.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"73 1","pages":"220 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45138161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1690858
G. Holden
ABSTRACT Parental use of corporal punishment (CP) as a way of disciplining children is a widespread global problem. A number of child and family problems are linked to the behavior. Despite being commonly used to discipline children in many countries, its use is far from universal. Why do some parents use it while others do not? This paper examines the principal determinants, or predictors, that influence parental use of this form of punishment. I begin with a brief historical overview of the efforts to study the determinants of parental behavior. I then provide a brief summary of the four major categories of variables that predict CP use: socio-cultural influences; the family and social environment; child variables; and parental variables. Two types of parental variables – conscious thoughts as well as unconscious motives–will be examined in some detail. It is noteworthy that unconscious forces have received little research attention and typically go ignored. This raises an important methodological point: how CP is assessed affects the determinants studied. The article ends with a discussion of some future directions for the study of the predictors of CP and other disciplinary responses.
{"title":"Why Do Parents Hit Their Children? From Cultural to Unconscious Determinants","authors":"G. Holden","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1690858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690858","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Parental use of corporal punishment (CP) as a way of disciplining children is a widespread global problem. A number of child and family problems are linked to the behavior. Despite being commonly used to discipline children in many countries, its use is far from universal. Why do some parents use it while others do not? This paper examines the principal determinants, or predictors, that influence parental use of this form of punishment. I begin with a brief historical overview of the efforts to study the determinants of parental behavior. I then provide a brief summary of the four major categories of variables that predict CP use: socio-cultural influences; the family and social environment; child variables; and parental variables. Two types of parental variables – conscious thoughts as well as unconscious motives–will be examined in some detail. It is noteworthy that unconscious forces have received little research attention and typically go ignored. This raises an important methodological point: how CP is assessed affects the determinants studied. The article ends with a discussion of some future directions for the study of the predictors of CP and other disciplinary responses.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"73 1","pages":"10 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690858","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45511979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1690901
C. Narcisi
ABSTRACT In the discussion of Dr. Lament’s evocative and moving presentation of 15 year old Grace’s treatment, I focus on the technical necessity of transference interpretation in adolescent analysis. I believe that the pendulum may have swung too far in the direction of developmental help and that a correction is indicated. Issues of turning points in analysis, countertransference, apres-coup, and termination are also briefly discussed.
{"title":"Turning Points in Adolescent Psychoanalysis and the Centrality of Transference Interpretation: A Discussion of Dr. Lament’s Case of Grace","authors":"C. Narcisi","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1690901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690901","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the discussion of Dr. Lament’s evocative and moving presentation of 15 year old Grace’s treatment, I focus on the technical necessity of transference interpretation in adolescent analysis. I believe that the pendulum may have swung too far in the direction of developmental help and that a correction is indicated. Issues of turning points in analysis, countertransference, apres-coup, and termination are also briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"73 1","pages":"204 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41647781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1690900
A. Alvarez
ABSTRACT The discussion notes the extreme sensitivity of the technique with a despairing deprived girl with a deep dread of the future and of adulthood. Where defenses are identified, caring alternatives are always on offer, and gradually the patient’s hope, curiosity, and sense of agency are freed up and fired up.
{"title":"Helping the Meeting to Begin: A Discussion of Claudia Lament’s Paper, “Turning Points in Child Analysis”","authors":"A. Alvarez","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1690900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690900","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The discussion notes the extreme sensitivity of the technique with a despairing deprived girl with a deep dread of the future and of adulthood. Where defenses are identified, caring alternatives are always on offer, and gradually the patient’s hope, curiosity, and sense of agency are freed up and fired up.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"73 1","pages":"199 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690900","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46957191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1690856
P. Holinger
ABSTRACT Physical punishment is a complex topic. Might psychoanalysis, child/adolescent analysis, and developmental theory and research provide further understanding of the underlying causes, the resulting psychopathology, and potential solutions? In this section, we explore various intrinsic and extrinsic perspectives in an attempt to better appreciate the controversies surrounding physical punishment and its persistence.
{"title":"The Problem of Physical Punishment and Its Persistence: The Potential Roles of Psychoanalysis","authors":"P. Holinger","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1690856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690856","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Physical punishment is a complex topic. Might psychoanalysis, child/adolescent analysis, and developmental theory and research provide further understanding of the underlying causes, the resulting psychopathology, and potential solutions? In this section, we explore various intrinsic and extrinsic perspectives in an attempt to better appreciate the controversies surrounding physical punishment and its persistence.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"73 1","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44948891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00797308.2020.1690872
N. Spira
ABSTRACT The relevance of a patient’s experience of physical punishment in childhood may be obscured and difficult to acknowledge for both patient and analyst. This paper illustrates my own struggle with the issue by presenting excerpts of my work with an adult analytic patient, children in a mental health clinic, and PTSD patients in the Veterans Administration system. In the discussion that follows I demonstrate how the psychoanalytic concept of disavowal can be useful in expanding our ability to engage in meaningful discussions with our patients regarding this issue.
{"title":"Why Can’t We See It?","authors":"N. Spira","doi":"10.1080/00797308.2020.1690872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690872","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The relevance of a patient’s experience of physical punishment in childhood may be obscured and difficult to acknowledge for both patient and analyst. This paper illustrates my own struggle with the issue by presenting excerpts of my work with an adult analytic patient, children in a mental health clinic, and PTSD patients in the Veterans Administration system. In the discussion that follows I demonstrate how the psychoanalytic concept of disavowal can be useful in expanding our ability to engage in meaningful discussions with our patients regarding this issue.","PeriodicalId":45962,"journal":{"name":"Psychoanalytic Study of the Child","volume":"73 1","pages":"108 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00797308.2020.1690872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42532245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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