Pub Date : 2022-07-12DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2084166
P. Finn, C. Catterall
ABSTRACT Migratory shorebirds feed in intertidal wetlands during the winter non-breeding season, to meet their daily needs and accumulate reserves for the flight to their breeding grounds. However, these habitats may be impacted by development. Eastern Curlew (Numenius madagascariensis) populations are declining in Australia, where we assessed relationships among the curlews’ feeding behaviours, prey types, broad substrate types, feeding microhabitat preferences, and population density, across 11 tidal flats in Moreton Bay, South East Queensland, Australia. Most prey were crustaceans, of varied size. Within flats, the types and rates of feeding actions, and feeding success, varied with sex, microhabitat and tidal stage. Among different flats, the estimated rate of prey biomass intake was strongly correlated with curlew density, explaining 57 per cent of its variation (2–77 birds/100 ha); whereas neither feeding attempts nor successful feeding acts per unit time were good density predictors. Substrate resistance was negatively correlated with both biomass intake and curlew density, because curlews were able to use their long bills to extract larger prey from deep burrows in more penetrable flats. The curlews, therefore, chose feeding areas directly according to food supply, but the substrate penetrability provides a promising rapid indicator of regional-scale variation in habitat quality.
{"title":"Towards an efficient indicator of habitat quality for Eastern Curlews on their intertidal feeding areas","authors":"P. Finn, C. Catterall","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2084166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2084166","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Migratory shorebirds feed in intertidal wetlands during the winter non-breeding season, to meet their daily needs and accumulate reserves for the flight to their breeding grounds. However, these habitats may be impacted by development. Eastern Curlew (Numenius madagascariensis) populations are declining in Australia, where we assessed relationships among the curlews’ feeding behaviours, prey types, broad substrate types, feeding microhabitat preferences, and population density, across 11 tidal flats in Moreton Bay, South East Queensland, Australia. Most prey were crustaceans, of varied size. Within flats, the types and rates of feeding actions, and feeding success, varied with sex, microhabitat and tidal stage. Among different flats, the estimated rate of prey biomass intake was strongly correlated with curlew density, explaining 57 per cent of its variation (2–77 birds/100 ha); whereas neither feeding attempts nor successful feeding acts per unit time were good density predictors. Substrate resistance was negatively correlated with both biomass intake and curlew density, because curlews were able to use their long bills to extract larger prey from deep burrows in more penetrable flats. The curlews, therefore, chose feeding areas directly according to food supply, but the substrate penetrability provides a promising rapid indicator of regional-scale variation in habitat quality.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"30 1","pages":"26 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46663662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2113922
Lisa McIlwain, C. Baldwin, C. Manathunga, J. Baird, Gary Pickering
ABSTRACT Agriculture and Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sectors account for almost 25 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions through livestock farming, land clearing, and land use activities such as cropping, changing grassland into settlement or deforestation. The LULUCF is a key sector for carbon sink capacity. Despite desperate need for stronger climate change mitigation efforts, there has been little attention paid to the institutional instruments that govern the mitigation potential of the agriculture and LULUCF sectors in Australia. Using Australia's Lockyer Valley catchment in Queensland as an example, this study investigates the dominant discourses about climate change that are conveyed in the institutional instruments (legislation, policies, strategies, and plans) that apply to catchment scale governance. We employ Bacchi's approach to policy analysis, to understand the dominant discourses, silences, and underlying power dynamics that shape institutional instruments in a catchment setting. The key findings reveal (1) a discourse that is alert to the impacts of climate change while largely ignoring its link to greenhouse gas emissions; (2) a pronounced silence about emissions from agriculture and LULUCF in institutional instruments; and (3) a general development paradigm that couples economic growth with carbon emissions.
{"title":"Climate change mitigation discourses in the institutional instruments that shape catchment governance in Queensland, Australia","authors":"Lisa McIlwain, C. Baldwin, C. Manathunga, J. Baird, Gary Pickering","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2113922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2113922","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Agriculture and Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sectors account for almost 25 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions through livestock farming, land clearing, and land use activities such as cropping, changing grassland into settlement or deforestation. The LULUCF is a key sector for carbon sink capacity. Despite desperate need for stronger climate change mitigation efforts, there has been little attention paid to the institutional instruments that govern the mitigation potential of the agriculture and LULUCF sectors in Australia. Using Australia's Lockyer Valley catchment in Queensland as an example, this study investigates the dominant discourses about climate change that are conveyed in the institutional instruments (legislation, policies, strategies, and plans) that apply to catchment scale governance. We employ Bacchi's approach to policy analysis, to understand the dominant discourses, silences, and underlying power dynamics that shape institutional instruments in a catchment setting. The key findings reveal (1) a discourse that is alert to the impacts of climate change while largely ignoring its link to greenhouse gas emissions; (2) a pronounced silence about emissions from agriculture and LULUCF in institutional instruments; and (3) a general development paradigm that couples economic growth with carbon emissions.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"258 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44124188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2108514
M. Diesendorf
ABSTRACT The rapid growth of renewable electricity generation in Australia raises the prospect of substituting for all fossil fuel use, including their use in transport and heating, by 2050 or even 2040. This article uses simple scenarios to identify the combinations of trends in total final energy consumption and renewable energy generation that together could result in the complete substitution of renewable energy for fossil fuels for energy generation by 2040 and 2050. It finds that, at current or increasing levels of energy consumption, in the absence of substantial CO2 removal, it is very unlikely that renewable energy could substitute for all fossil energy consumption by 2040 and 2050, even if renewable energy grows exponentially. Because time is of the essence in addressing the climate crisis, energy consumption must be reduced substantially while transitioning to renewables.
{"title":"Scenarios for the rapid phase-out of fossil fuels in Australia in the absence of CO2 removal","authors":"M. Diesendorf","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2108514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2108514","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The rapid growth of renewable electricity generation in Australia raises the prospect of substituting for all fossil fuel use, including their use in transport and heating, by 2050 or even 2040. This article uses simple scenarios to identify the combinations of trends in total final energy consumption and renewable energy generation that together could result in the complete substitution of renewable energy for fossil fuels for energy generation by 2040 and 2050. It finds that, at current or increasing levels of energy consumption, in the absence of substantial CO2 removal, it is very unlikely that renewable energy could substitute for all fossil energy consumption by 2040 and 2050, even if renewable energy grows exponentially. Because time is of the essence in addressing the climate crisis, energy consumption must be reduced substantially while transitioning to renewables.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"275 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45720746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2105409
J.G.O. Smart, Isabelle D. Wolf, P. Scherrer
ABSTRACT The dual mandate of conserving natural and/or cultural heritage while facilitating visitor experiences challenges protected area managers to deal with the environmental impacts of human behaviours. The issue of waste disposal is an important aspect of the human-nature interaction, not least in backcountry areas, yet it is a largely understudied aspect of winter recreation management. To address this gap in knowledge, this study examines remote toileting practices of snow-based visitors travelling and camping in Kosciuszko National Park, Australia. Using recreation specialisation as a theoretical framework for understanding and segmenting users, we examined toileting behaviour of snow-based backcountry visitors. The study highlights that toileting behaviour of snow-based backcountry travellers varies with the level of specialisation. Experts were more willing to carry out waste while those with intermediate experience relied more on infrastructure-intensive forms of waste disposal or buried waste in snow. Adoption of carry-out practices, nonetheless, were low in both segments. Length and place of stay were also important factors. A multi-faceted communication approach targeted at multi-day visitors and promoting carry-out strategies supported by targeted entry-point infrastructure is recommended for effective management.
{"title":"Loo with a view: managing snow-based backcountry visitors’ remote toileting experiences","authors":"J.G.O. Smart, Isabelle D. Wolf, P. Scherrer","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2105409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2105409","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The dual mandate of conserving natural and/or cultural heritage while facilitating visitor experiences challenges protected area managers to deal with the environmental impacts of human behaviours. The issue of waste disposal is an important aspect of the human-nature interaction, not least in backcountry areas, yet it is a largely understudied aspect of winter recreation management. To address this gap in knowledge, this study examines remote toileting practices of snow-based visitors travelling and camping in Kosciuszko National Park, Australia. Using recreation specialisation as a theoretical framework for understanding and segmenting users, we examined toileting behaviour of snow-based backcountry visitors. The study highlights that toileting behaviour of snow-based backcountry travellers varies with the level of specialisation. Experts were more willing to carry out waste while those with intermediate experience relied more on infrastructure-intensive forms of waste disposal or buried waste in snow. Adoption of carry-out practices, nonetheless, were low in both segments. Length and place of stay were also important factors. A multi-faceted communication approach targeted at multi-day visitors and promoting carry-out strategies supported by targeted entry-point infrastructure is recommended for effective management.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"284 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46245979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2125188
H. Ross
In recent weeks, there have been two key events in Australia of interest to environmental managers: release of the five-yearly State of the Environment report (Australian Government 2022), and the passing of the climate bill. Among the stand-out points of the SoE report are that this is the first time the report has been co-authored by Indigenous people, reflects Indigenous dimensions and advocates for genuine inclusion of Indigenous philosophy, practice, rights and management mechanisms in Australia’s future management. Another key point is that Australia lacks any framework for holistic environmental management, despite patchwork attempts in particular sectors such as integrated catchment management and coastal zone management. Among much other excellent summary information and reflection on progress or otherwise, the report notes Australia’s challenges in managing pressures on the environment, and the key role of global action to reduce carbon emissions in addressing the pressures. Meanwhile, the newly elected Australian government’s climate bill has passed both houses of Parliament, meaning that a 43 percent emission reduction target by 2030 and a goal of net zero emissions by 2050 will become law. In the environmental management profession, we tend to focus on management, policy and science, with perhaps less consciousness of the roles of environmental activism and advocacy in influencing the democratic processes that lead directly and indirectly to vital outcomes for environment, society and often economy. Yet if we reflect on a few decades of history, combinations of environmental activism and advocacy have played crucial roles in saving the Great Barrier Reef, significant areas of South West Tasmania’s forests and rivers, K’Gari-Fraser Island, Aotearoa-New Zealand’s Fiordlands and many other locations. Campaigns have changed public and political thinking towards forests, wild rivers, and particular mines and mining practices. Individuals such as the late John Sinclair (campaigner for K’Gari) and Judith Wright (among many campaigners for the Great Barrier Reef) come to mind, within and alongside major campaigns and social movements involving multiple organisations and interests. There is a subtle distinction, yet much overlap, between activism and advocacy. While the public image of activism (fostered by the press) is of direct action such as people chaining themselves to bulldozers and often clever media stunts, it is defined much more broadly, as ‘action on behalf of a cause,... that goes beyond what is conventional and routine’ (Martin 2007, 19). Martin describes activists as challenging, trying to achieve social (and environmental) goals rather than seeking power for themselves. Activism is directed at many diverse issues, and initiated at different levels of society. Advocacy, meanwhile, involves ‘systematic efforts (as opposed to sporadic outbursts) by actors that seek to further specific policy goals’ (Prakash and Gugerty 2010, 1).
{"title":"Environmental activism and advocacy: complementary relationships with environmental management, policy and science","authors":"H. Ross","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2125188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2125188","url":null,"abstract":"In recent weeks, there have been two key events in Australia of interest to environmental managers: release of the five-yearly State of the Environment report (Australian Government 2022), and the passing of the climate bill. Among the stand-out points of the SoE report are that this is the first time the report has been co-authored by Indigenous people, reflects Indigenous dimensions and advocates for genuine inclusion of Indigenous philosophy, practice, rights and management mechanisms in Australia’s future management. Another key point is that Australia lacks any framework for holistic environmental management, despite patchwork attempts in particular sectors such as integrated catchment management and coastal zone management. Among much other excellent summary information and reflection on progress or otherwise, the report notes Australia’s challenges in managing pressures on the environment, and the key role of global action to reduce carbon emissions in addressing the pressures. Meanwhile, the newly elected Australian government’s climate bill has passed both houses of Parliament, meaning that a 43 percent emission reduction target by 2030 and a goal of net zero emissions by 2050 will become law. In the environmental management profession, we tend to focus on management, policy and science, with perhaps less consciousness of the roles of environmental activism and advocacy in influencing the democratic processes that lead directly and indirectly to vital outcomes for environment, society and often economy. Yet if we reflect on a few decades of history, combinations of environmental activism and advocacy have played crucial roles in saving the Great Barrier Reef, significant areas of South West Tasmania’s forests and rivers, K’Gari-Fraser Island, Aotearoa-New Zealand’s Fiordlands and many other locations. Campaigns have changed public and political thinking towards forests, wild rivers, and particular mines and mining practices. Individuals such as the late John Sinclair (campaigner for K’Gari) and Judith Wright (among many campaigners for the Great Barrier Reef) come to mind, within and alongside major campaigns and social movements involving multiple organisations and interests. There is a subtle distinction, yet much overlap, between activism and advocacy. While the public image of activism (fostered by the press) is of direct action such as people chaining themselves to bulldozers and often clever media stunts, it is defined much more broadly, as ‘action on behalf of a cause,... that goes beyond what is conventional and routine’ (Martin 2007, 19). Martin describes activists as challenging, trying to achieve social (and environmental) goals rather than seeking power for themselves. Activism is directed at many diverse issues, and initiated at different levels of society. Advocacy, meanwhile, involves ‘systematic efforts (as opposed to sporadic outbursts) by actors that seek to further specific policy goals’ (Prakash and Gugerty 2010, 1). ","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"235 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46806703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2099991
Daniel Tisch, J. Galbreath
ABSTRACT Climate change represents complexity for farmers in that events resulting from climatic changes can be concurrently abrupt, extreme, persistent, and can span boundaries. This can create complexity and difficulty for organisations in terms of how they make sense to act. To understand sensemaking processes, we explored climate change by studying a drought event. Relying on qualitative methods and a sample of dairy farmers in New Zealand who experienced a drought event over the decade 2003–2013, findings suggest that dairy farmers made sense by their: (1) embedded, immersive experience on farms; (2) use of ecological material; and (3) community interaction. Our findings extend insight into sensemaking processes, particularly in the areas of routine perspectives, the use of natural material objects, and the social nature of making sense. Implications are relevant to practitioners who work in farm associations, extension services and policy-making who have roles requiring them to communicate about climate change to farmers. We describe contributions, limitations, and opportunities for future research.
{"title":"Making sense of climate change: the case of Aotearoa New Zealand dairy farmers","authors":"Daniel Tisch, J. Galbreath","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2099991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2099991","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change represents complexity for farmers in that events resulting from climatic changes can be concurrently abrupt, extreme, persistent, and can span boundaries. This can create complexity and difficulty for organisations in terms of how they make sense to act. To understand sensemaking processes, we explored climate change by studying a drought event. Relying on qualitative methods and a sample of dairy farmers in New Zealand who experienced a drought event over the decade 2003–2013, findings suggest that dairy farmers made sense by their: (1) embedded, immersive experience on farms; (2) use of ecological material; and (3) community interaction. Our findings extend insight into sensemaking processes, particularly in the areas of routine perspectives, the use of natural material objects, and the social nature of making sense. Implications are relevant to practitioners who work in farm associations, extension services and policy-making who have roles requiring them to communicate about climate change to farmers. We describe contributions, limitations, and opportunities for future research.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"240 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44412029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2068686
A. Elias, M. Gupta, Alina Haider
ABSTRACT Environmental conflict management involves the management of multiple stakeholders with conflicting stakes. This study proposes and demonstrates the application of evaporating cloud as a tool to the area of environmental conflicts. Through a structured methodology and logical diagramming, the evaporating cloud builds on the traditional stakeholder analysis to analyse environmental conflicts. The Transmission Gully motorway, a well-known New Zealand case of environmental conflict, is used as a case study. Following a rational level stakeholder analysis, the evaporating cloud is used to dissect different stakeholder conflicts, based on the explicit wants and actions, needs and requirements, and goals of the disputants and the implicit assumptions underlying the conflicts. The tool further provides a mechanism to reach a core conflict through a synthesis of three separate stakeholder conflicts in the case. Overall, this study provides an improved method for analysing environmental conflicts and offers a practical tool for analysing stakeholder arguments and their conflicts systematically.
{"title":"Analysing environmental conflicts using the evaporating cloud tool","authors":"A. Elias, M. Gupta, Alina Haider","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2068686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2068686","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Environmental conflict management involves the management of multiple stakeholders with conflicting stakes. This study proposes and demonstrates the application of evaporating cloud as a tool to the area of environmental conflicts. Through a structured methodology and logical diagramming, the evaporating cloud builds on the traditional stakeholder analysis to analyse environmental conflicts. The Transmission Gully motorway, a well-known New Zealand case of environmental conflict, is used as a case study. Following a rational level stakeholder analysis, the evaporating cloud is used to dissect different stakeholder conflicts, based on the explicit wants and actions, needs and requirements, and goals of the disputants and the implicit assumptions underlying the conflicts. The tool further provides a mechanism to reach a core conflict through a synthesis of three separate stakeholder conflicts in the case. Overall, this study provides an improved method for analysing environmental conflicts and offers a practical tool for analysing stakeholder arguments and their conflicts systematically.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"105 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41317220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2068685
M. Joy, D. A. Rankin, Lara Wöhler, Paul Boyce, A. Canning, K. Foote, Pierce M. McNie
ABSTRACT The Canterbury Region of New Zealand has undergone rapid and significant land use intensification over the last three decades resulting in a substantial increase of nitrate-nitrogen leached to the environment. In this article, we determined the nitrate grey water footprint of milk, which is the amount of water needed to dilute nitrogen leached past the root zone to meet different receiving water nitrate standards per milk production unit. Our analysis revealed the nitrate grey water footprint for Canterbury ranged from 433 to 11,110 litres of water per litre of milk, depending on the water standards applied. This footprint is higher than many estimates for global milk production, and reveals that footprints are very dependent on inputs included in the analyses and on the water quality standards applied to the receiving water. The extensive dairy farming in Canterbury is leading to significant pollution of the region’s groundwater, much of which is used for drinking water. Dairy farming at this intensity is unsustainable and if not reduced could pose a significant risk to human health and the market perception of the sustainability of the New Zealand dairy industry and its products.
{"title":"The grey water footprint of milk due to nitrate leaching from dairy farms in Canterbury, New Zealand","authors":"M. Joy, D. A. Rankin, Lara Wöhler, Paul Boyce, A. Canning, K. Foote, Pierce M. McNie","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2068685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2068685","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Canterbury Region of New Zealand has undergone rapid and significant land use intensification over the last three decades resulting in a substantial increase of nitrate-nitrogen leached to the environment. In this article, we determined the nitrate grey water footprint of milk, which is the amount of water needed to dilute nitrogen leached past the root zone to meet different receiving water nitrate standards per milk production unit. Our analysis revealed the nitrate grey water footprint for Canterbury ranged from 433 to 11,110 litres of water per litre of milk, depending on the water standards applied. This footprint is higher than many estimates for global milk production, and reveals that footprints are very dependent on inputs included in the analyses and on the water quality standards applied to the receiving water. The extensive dairy farming in Canterbury is leading to significant pollution of the region’s groundwater, much of which is used for drinking water. Dairy farming at this intensity is unsustainable and if not reduced could pose a significant risk to human health and the market perception of the sustainability of the New Zealand dairy industry and its products.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"177 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45075453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2077848
Danielle Brady, Keith Bradby, Grace Butler, A. Gaynor
ABSTRACT This study introduces community-led land management (CLLM) as a unifying concept, drawn from an environmental history perspective, that both researchers and community members might use in analysis and reflection on land management activities carried out by communities in connection with place. By exploring the histories of three otherwise disparate case studies in south-western Australia – a catchment group, an Indigenous ranger group and an urban bushland friends group – we draw attention to common attributes of community leadership and co-operative, hands-on work in and for a defined geographical area. These case studies also suggest a trend toward increasingly structured controls within the movement, with neoliberal regulation and accountability tending to obscure community origins. While inclusive of many landcare activities, CLLM can be understood as a broader social movement covering diverse groupings, where communities continue both to lead and apply their place-specific knowledge and labour. This social movement is of crucial importance for effectively tackling the escalating environmental problems in Australia and elsewhere.
{"title":"Community-led land management: historical perspectives, future prospects","authors":"Danielle Brady, Keith Bradby, Grace Butler, A. Gaynor","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2077848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2077848","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study introduces community-led land management (CLLM) as a unifying concept, drawn from an environmental history perspective, that both researchers and community members might use in analysis and reflection on land management activities carried out by communities in connection with place. By exploring the histories of three otherwise disparate case studies in south-western Australia – a catchment group, an Indigenous ranger group and an urban bushland friends group – we draw attention to common attributes of community leadership and co-operative, hands-on work in and for a defined geographical area. These case studies also suggest a trend toward increasingly structured controls within the movement, with neoliberal regulation and accountability tending to obscure community origins. While inclusive of many landcare activities, CLLM can be understood as a broader social movement covering diverse groupings, where communities continue both to lead and apply their place-specific knowledge and labour. This social movement is of crucial importance for effectively tackling the escalating environmental problems in Australia and elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"218 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46606131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2022.2077847
B. Proemse, I. Koolhof, Richard White, L. Barmuta, C. Coughanowr
ABSTRACT The greater River Derwent catchment is one of the largest river basins in Tasmania, Australia, and is the main supply of drinking water to the state’s capital, Hobart. Recently, summer-time occurrence of blue-green and filamentous algal blooms, combined with taste and odour problems at the drinking water intake, have raised concerns regarding the river’s water quality. In order to develop nutrient management strategies, it is crucial to understand nutrient sources and loads. This article therefore determines nutrient production loads using point source effluent data combined with estimates for diffuse sources using land-use data. Overall, we found that aquaculture is the main point source of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) compared to sewage treatment plants, while agriculture is the main diffuse source of TP and forestry the main diffuse source of TN in the catchment overall. These estimates are compared to river mass loads derived from a two-year monitoring program, revealing some discrepancies between estimated and measured loads for some of the sub-catchments. Our findings identify priority areas for improved nutrient management and highlight the need for more frequent and continuous water quality monitoring to help reduce uncertainties for estimating nutrient loads in the River Derwent catchment.
{"title":"Nutrient sources and loads in the River Derwent catchment, Tasmania","authors":"B. Proemse, I. Koolhof, Richard White, L. Barmuta, C. Coughanowr","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2022.2077847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2022.2077847","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The greater River Derwent catchment is one of the largest river basins in Tasmania, Australia, and is the main supply of drinking water to the state’s capital, Hobart. Recently, summer-time occurrence of blue-green and filamentous algal blooms, combined with taste and odour problems at the drinking water intake, have raised concerns regarding the river’s water quality. In order to develop nutrient management strategies, it is crucial to understand nutrient sources and loads. This article therefore determines nutrient production loads using point source effluent data combined with estimates for diffuse sources using land-use data. Overall, we found that aquaculture is the main point source of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) compared to sewage treatment plants, while agriculture is the main diffuse source of TP and forestry the main diffuse source of TN in the catchment overall. These estimates are compared to river mass loads derived from a two-year monitoring program, revealing some discrepancies between estimated and measured loads for some of the sub-catchments. Our findings identify priority areas for improved nutrient management and highlight the need for more frequent and continuous water quality monitoring to help reduce uncertainties for estimating nutrient loads in the River Derwent catchment.","PeriodicalId":46081,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"159 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59887433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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