Research in Economics最新文献

Motivated by empirical evidence, I study the properties of a monopolistic competition model with private ownership. Toward that goal, I consider a monopolistic competition model with additive preferences, homogeneous workers and homogeneous firms. I then introduce in such a standard framework a single additional ingredient: private ownership. Private ownership means that each firm is owned and managed by a single household called the entrepreneur, and this entrepreneur receives profits as sole revenues. In turn, private ownership changes the nature of entry. Free entry in the industry is no longer satisfied. Rather, the number of firms is now determined through occupational choice. Armed with this new framework, I provide a full characterization of a market equilibrium, and compare it to the standard model with collective ownership and free entry. Notably, I find new results concerning optimality, the transmission of aggregate shocks and the ability of the new model to replicate well-established empirical facts.

Latin American and Caribbean countries have had a singular path of growth throughout their history. This paper aimed to analyze the economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) countries, setting the focus on the politics and trade outcomes. Working with a dynamic panel of biannual growth from 1981 to 2018 for nineteen countries, we apply the System Generalized Method of Moments (SYS-GMM), allowing to some covariates to be endogenous to the growth process. We do not observe income convergence in LAC countries, as well as any effect of being a democracy on growth. We found a positive and significant effect of trade measures on growth. We perform a series of alternative specifications and our main results do not change.

This paper conducts a comprehensive review of the relationship between inflation and unemployment in the U.S. as described by the Phillips curve in a New Keynesian framework and investigates whether this relationship has changed systematically over time. We also aim to identify possible explanations for these changes. Three different hypotheses are discussed to assess whether they are consistent with more recent developments, such as the evolution of inflation expectations, the impact of globalization, and possible nonlinearities in the functional shape of the Phillips curve. We find that the relationship between inflation and unemployment has weakened since the 1980s and especially during the Covid-19 pandemic due to forces of globalization and better anchored inflation expectations resulting from more credible monetary policy. This has led to question of whether the Phillips curve is outdated. We conclude with the implications of these findings for the conduct of monetary policy.

The present study uses fixed effect models, random effect models, and the System Generalized Method of Moments technique for the period 2002–2021 to analyze the drivers of economic misery in six distinct regions around the world with a total of 198 nations. The objective of this study is to analyze the factors contributing to economic misery, specifically, the impact of political stability, broad money growth, imports relative to exports, foreign direct investment, and gross national expenditure. The estimated result demonstrates that the causes of economic misery vary in nature across different regions of the world. Political stability lessened economic misery across all six regions. In four regions, broad money growth has decreased economic misery. The imports relative to exports had decreased economic misery in five regions. In all six regions, the level of economic misery grew with gross national expenditure. FDI inflow decreased economic misery in four regions, although the relationship between FDI and economic misery is found to be nonlinear. Policymakers need to take into account the particular connection between economic misery and FDI because this relationship can have a different nature depending on the particular region. Moreover, they should understand the main factors contributing to economic misery in their particular region so that they can make an effective policy mechanism.