Pub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2022-07-05DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2094518
Alethea Desrosiers, Jordan Freeman, Romita Mitra, Laura Bond, Leila Dal Santo, Jordan Farrar, Ryan Borg, Musu Jambai, Theresa S Betancourt
Given the high rates of mental health problems and poor service access among youth in war-affected countries throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, incorporating evidence-based mental health interventions into alternative delivery platforms could improve service access in these settings. We conducted a randomized controlled pilot study with high-risk Sierra Leonean youth to investigate the feasibility of implementing the Youth Readiness Intervention (YRI), a cognitive behavioral and interpersonal therapy-based group intervention, within an employment promotion program (EPP) and preliminary effects of the YRI on mental health outcomes. Participants were 175 youth (females=62%) ages 18-30 recruited via flyers and radio announcements. Participants were assigned to geographic clusters stratified by gender; clusters were randomized into YRI+EPP (n=58) or EPP-only (n=57). Statistically matched controls were recruited from comparable chiefdoms (n=60). The 12-session YRI was delivered bi-weekly, following EPP completion. Qualitative findings indicated that the YRI was highly feasible and acceptable as integrated into the EPP. Mixed linear effects models showed promising trends. Compared with controls, both YRI+EPP and EPP-only males reported significantly reduced post-traumatic stress symptoms, and YRI+EPP reported marginally significantly reduced emotional regulation difficulties. EPP-only females reported significantly reduced functional impairment compared to controls. Findings suggest that the YRI can be feasibly implemented within an EPP. Integrating the YRI into existing delivery platforms may help increase access to mental health care in Sierra Leone and provide a leverage point for scaling up evidence-based mental health interventions in other low-resource settings globally. [Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT0360361; 5/18/18].
{"title":"Alternative Delivery Platforms for Expanding Evidence-based Mental Health Interventions for Youth in Sierra Leone: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Alethea Desrosiers, Jordan Freeman, Romita Mitra, Laura Bond, Leila Dal Santo, Jordan Farrar, Ryan Borg, Musu Jambai, Theresa S Betancourt","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2094518","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2094518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the high rates of mental health problems and poor service access among youth in war-affected countries throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, incorporating evidence-based mental health interventions into alternative delivery platforms could improve service access in these settings. We conducted a randomized controlled pilot study with high-risk Sierra Leonean youth to investigate the feasibility of implementing the Youth Readiness Intervention (YRI), a cognitive behavioral and interpersonal therapy-based group intervention, within an employment promotion program (EPP) and preliminary effects of the YRI on mental health outcomes. Participants were 175 youth (females=62%) ages 18-30 recruited via flyers and radio announcements. Participants were assigned to geographic clusters stratified by gender; clusters were randomized into YRI+EPP (n=58) or EPP-only (n=57). Statistically matched controls were recruited from comparable chiefdoms (n=60). The 12-session YRI was delivered bi-weekly, following EPP completion. Qualitative findings indicated that the YRI was highly feasible and acceptable as integrated into the EPP. Mixed linear effects models showed promising trends. Compared with controls, both YRI+EPP and EPP-only males reported significantly reduced post-traumatic stress symptoms, and YRI+EPP reported marginally significantly reduced emotional regulation difficulties. EPP-only females reported significantly reduced functional impairment compared to controls. Findings suggest that the YRI can be feasibly implemented within an EPP. Integrating the YRI into existing delivery platforms may help increase access to mental health care in Sierra Leone and provide a leverage point for scaling up evidence-based mental health interventions in other low-resource settings globally. [Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT0360361; 5/18/18].</p>","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"131-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10666983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2022-12-26DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2163330
Proscovia Nabunya
Social support is a key element to the health wellbeing of individuals, especially those experiencing major life transitions and crises. Prior evidence has demonstrated that orphaned adolescents are socially isolated with limited supportive networks. This study focused on how orphaned adolescents define social support, the nature of relationships with non-kin ties, barriers and challenges to seeking support. In-depth interviews from 38 orphaned adolescents (14-19 years) were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings demonstrated that 1) orphaned adolescents define support in terms of "giving and receiving material and non-material assistance", and "helping individuals overcome problems", 2) relationships are initiated by family members, 3) economic hardships, stigma, and lack of trust deter adolescents from seeking support outside of the family unit. Study findings point to the need to integrate social support strengthening components within programming for orphaned adolescents living in HIV impacted communities.
{"title":"Social Support Networks for Adolescents Orphaned by HIV: Definitions, Barriers, Challenges and Lessons from Uganda.","authors":"Proscovia Nabunya","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2163330","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2163330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social support is a key element to the health wellbeing of individuals, especially those experiencing major life transitions and crises. Prior evidence has demonstrated that orphaned adolescents are socially isolated with limited supportive networks. This study focused on how orphaned adolescents define social support, the nature of relationships with non-kin ties, barriers and challenges to seeking support. In-depth interviews from 38 orphaned adolescents (14-19 years) were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings demonstrated that 1) orphaned adolescents define support in terms of \"giving and receiving material and non-material assistance\", and \"helping individuals overcome problems\", 2) relationships are initiated by family members, 3) economic hardships, stigma, and lack of trust deter adolescents from seeking support outside of the family unit. Study findings point to the need to integrate social support strengthening components within programming for orphaned adolescents living in HIV impacted communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"87-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9851387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10666984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2160884
M. Akel, Iqbal M. Fahs, C. Haddad, N. Kheir, S. Obeid, S. Hallit
ABSTRACT The impact of violent video gaming on the mental health of adolescents has been of extreme importance to health care professionals and policy makers for many years. Lebanon is gripped by political and economic events that contribute to the increased prevalence of mental disorders especially among children and adolescents. This study sought to examine the association between violent video gaming and mental health problems including aggression, depression, anxiety, and insomnia among male teenagers in Lebanon. This is a cross-sectional survey study that enrolled a sample of 388 male students from grades 9, 10, 11 and 12 (13–17 years of age). The students were drawn from five Lebanese schools between October and December 2019. The Video Game Questionnaire was used to assess the games use frequencies, the degree of violent content (blood), and the degree of violent images, the Buss and Perry Scale for aggression, the Normative Beliefs about Aggression for the perceptions and beliefs about behaving aggressively, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale for anxiety and the Lebanese Insomnia Scale for insomnia. A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was carried out after adjusting for age and household crowding index. The results showed that higher video gaming total score was significantly associated with higher anxiety (Beta = 0.039), insomnia (Beta = 0.042), total aggression (Beta = 0.141) and approval of aggression (Beta = 0.061), but not depression (Beta = 0.009). Our findings reveal the association between higher violent VGs exposure and higher approval of aggression, aggression, anxiety and insomnia among male teenagers in Lebanon. Such data can be relied on as a framework for parents, health care providers and teachers to increase awareness and protect our teenagers from the possible negative effect of violent video gaming.
{"title":"Association of violent video gaming with mental health among male teenagers in Lebanon","authors":"M. Akel, Iqbal M. Fahs, C. Haddad, N. Kheir, S. Obeid, S. Hallit","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2160884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2160884","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The impact of violent video gaming on the mental health of adolescents has been of extreme importance to health care professionals and policy makers for many years. Lebanon is gripped by political and economic events that contribute to the increased prevalence of mental disorders especially among children and adolescents. This study sought to examine the association between violent video gaming and mental health problems including aggression, depression, anxiety, and insomnia among male teenagers in Lebanon. This is a cross-sectional survey study that enrolled a sample of 388 male students from grades 9, 10, 11 and 12 (13–17 years of age). The students were drawn from five Lebanese schools between October and December 2019. The Video Game Questionnaire was used to assess the games use frequencies, the degree of violent content (blood), and the degree of violent images, the Buss and Perry Scale for aggression, the Normative Beliefs about Aggression for the perceptions and beliefs about behaving aggressively, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale for anxiety and the Lebanese Insomnia Scale for insomnia. A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was carried out after adjusting for age and household crowding index. The results showed that higher video gaming total score was significantly associated with higher anxiety (Beta = 0.039), insomnia (Beta = 0.042), total aggression (Beta = 0.141) and approval of aggression (Beta = 0.061), but not depression (Beta = 0.009). Our findings reveal the association between higher violent VGs exposure and higher approval of aggression, aggression, anxiety and insomnia among male teenagers in Lebanon. Such data can be relied on as a framework for parents, health care providers and teachers to increase awareness and protect our teenagers from the possible negative effect of violent video gaming.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"76 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47620415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2159099
Gulshat Muhametjanova, Gülgün Afacan Adanır
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the psychosocial effects of parents’ absence on children left behind in the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan). A survey was conducted in 2018 with a sample of 457 secondary school children aged 11–18-years-old in the Kyrgyz Republic. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the psychological well-being of children was not significantly influenced when their parents were not divorced but did live separately. However, children with parents who lived abroad and were divorced did show a significant increase in their psychological distress when compared to children who lived with both parents. Furthermore, children whose father was away and who were cared for by their mother only, were more likely to experience a lower level of psychological well-being than children who lived with both parents. Additionally, no significant effect on the well-being of children whose mothers or both parents had migrated was found.
{"title":"Migrant parents and psychosocial effects of parents’ absence on children left behind in the Kyrgyz Republic","authors":"Gulshat Muhametjanova, Gülgün Afacan Adanır","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2159099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2159099","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the psychosocial effects of parents’ absence on children left behind in the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan). A survey was conducted in 2018 with a sample of 457 secondary school children aged 11–18-years-old in the Kyrgyz Republic. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the psychological well-being of children was not significantly influenced when their parents were not divorced but did live separately. However, children with parents who lived abroad and were divorced did show a significant increase in their psychological distress when compared to children who lived with both parents. Furthermore, children whose father was away and who were cared for by their mother only, were more likely to experience a lower level of psychological well-being than children who lived with both parents. Additionally, no significant effect on the well-being of children whose mothers or both parents had migrated was found.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"10 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46791551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2151676
K. Peltzer, S. Pengpid
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess tobacco use associations with multi-dimensional adverse health outcomes among adolescents in four Caribbean countries. Cross-sectional national adolescent school survey data (N = 9,143, median age 15 years) from Suriname, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Dominican Republic in 2016–2017 were analysed. Results show that 13.5% of participants were current tobacco users. Tobacco consumption increased the odds of multi-dimensional adverse health outcomes, including six inadequate mental health indicators, nine health risk behaviours, and five social-environmental outcomes. Tobacco use prevention should address the multi-dimensional adverse health outcomes.
{"title":"Tobacco use associations with multi-dimensional adverse health outcomes among in-school adolescents in four Caribbean countries","authors":"K. Peltzer, S. Pengpid","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2151676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2151676","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess tobacco use associations with multi-dimensional adverse health outcomes among adolescents in four Caribbean countries. Cross-sectional national adolescent school survey data (N = 9,143, median age 15 years) from Suriname, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Dominican Republic in 2016–2017 were analysed. Results show that 13.5% of participants were current tobacco users. Tobacco consumption increased the odds of multi-dimensional adverse health outcomes, including six inadequate mental health indicators, nine health risk behaviours, and five social-environmental outcomes. Tobacco use prevention should address the multi-dimensional adverse health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"66 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44974169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2147623
X. Tee, P. Siah, Komathi Lokithasan
ABSTRACT Depression is one of the factors that link to the suicidal behaviors that are the most severe negative consequence exhibited among cybervictims. Besides, depression has been reported to be associated with various long-term psychosocial outcomes. Accordingly, this study used a scoping review method to examine the relationship between cybervictimization and depression among adolescents. Eleven English articles published in or after 2017 at the Scopus database were selected in the review based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria. The findings found that the association between cybervictimization and depression is robust, as the associations were found among cybervictims from different countries, even if different designs and measurements were used. Besides, the findings also suggested that cybervictimization and depression can be a bidirectional rather than a unidirectional relationship. Moreover, the relationships between cybervictimization and depression can be mediated or moderated by some psychological factors. The findings provide information to educators in their planning of strategies to assist cybervictims and to scholars in their building of the theory of cybervictimization.
{"title":"The relationships between cybervictimization and depression among adolescents: A scoping review based on Scopus database","authors":"X. Tee, P. Siah, Komathi Lokithasan","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2147623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2147623","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Depression is one of the factors that link to the suicidal behaviors that are the most severe negative consequence exhibited among cybervictims. Besides, depression has been reported to be associated with various long-term psychosocial outcomes. Accordingly, this study used a scoping review method to examine the relationship between cybervictimization and depression among adolescents. Eleven English articles published in or after 2017 at the Scopus database were selected in the review based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria. The findings found that the association between cybervictimization and depression is robust, as the associations were found among cybervictims from different countries, even if different designs and measurements were used. Besides, the findings also suggested that cybervictimization and depression can be a bidirectional rather than a unidirectional relationship. Moreover, the relationships between cybervictimization and depression can be mediated or moderated by some psychological factors. The findings provide information to educators in their planning of strategies to assist cybervictims and to scholars in their building of the theory of cybervictimization.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"367 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41950192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-18DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2147622
Varsha Singh, Anupriya, Shikha Verma, Swaran Lata
ABSTRACT Extensive research on HIV/AIDS stigma is conducted on adults, but it cannot be equated with the experiences of children. This makes it obvious to develop an inclusive research on child experience of HIV/AIDS stigma. For that reason, the present study investigates the relationship among HIV/AIDS stigma, perceived social support and mental health problems in HIV/AIDS children. A sample of 90 HIV/AIDS children aged 10–18 years from Moti Lal Nehru Hospital, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, were recruited. Participants were assessed on HIV/AIDS stigma, perceived social support and mental health problems. Descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analysis and mediation analysis were performed to accomplish the purpose of the study. Correlational analysis makes it evident that perceived social support is prominently negatively correlated with HIV/AIDS stigma (r (88) = −.670, p < 0.01) whereas mental health problems (r (88) = .753, p < 0.01) was significantly positively correlated with HIV/AIDS stigma. Taking hierarchical regression analysis into consideration, it was found that the perceived social support significantly contributed to 33.2% variance in HIV/AIDS stigma and HIV/AIDS stigma contributed to 45.9% variance in mental health problems. Results of the mediation analyses validate the mediating role of HIV/AIDS stigma in the association between perceived social support and mental health problems (β = −0.27, CI = −.33 to −.034, p = .017). These findings contribute to empirical evidence about psychological predictors and the observable consequences of HIV/AIDS-related stigma.
{"title":"HIV/AIDS stigma, perceived social support and mental health problems among HIV/AIDS children: a mediation analysis","authors":"Varsha Singh, Anupriya, Shikha Verma, Swaran Lata","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2147622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2147622","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Extensive research on HIV/AIDS stigma is conducted on adults, but it cannot be equated with the experiences of children. This makes it obvious to develop an inclusive research on child experience of HIV/AIDS stigma. For that reason, the present study investigates the relationship among HIV/AIDS stigma, perceived social support and mental health problems in HIV/AIDS children. A sample of 90 HIV/AIDS children aged 10–18 years from Moti Lal Nehru Hospital, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, were recruited. Participants were assessed on HIV/AIDS stigma, perceived social support and mental health problems. Descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analysis and mediation analysis were performed to accomplish the purpose of the study. Correlational analysis makes it evident that perceived social support is prominently negatively correlated with HIV/AIDS stigma (r (88) = −.670, p < 0.01) whereas mental health problems (r (88) = .753, p < 0.01) was significantly positively correlated with HIV/AIDS stigma. Taking hierarchical regression analysis into consideration, it was found that the perceived social support significantly contributed to 33.2% variance in HIV/AIDS stigma and HIV/AIDS stigma contributed to 45.9% variance in mental health problems. Results of the mediation analyses validate the mediating role of HIV/AIDS stigma in the association between perceived social support and mental health problems (β = −0.27, CI = −.33 to −.034, p = .017). These findings contribute to empirical evidence about psychological predictors and the observable consequences of HIV/AIDS-related stigma.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"58 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49396289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The reports of prevalence of depression in Thai medical students were high. The medical student’s lifestyle factors may relate to their depression, especially, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and lifestyle factors related to depression disorder in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1st–5th year medical students, at a Medical University in Southern Thailand, from June to December 2021. Demographic data, the Thai version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Thai-Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were evaluated. Ordinal logistic regression was performed to indicate the significant factors related to depression disorder. There were 162 responders who participated in this study. The prevalence of moderate to moderately severe depression among preclinical and clinical students was 18.1%. The related factors associated with depression disorder comprised living at home (OR 5.12, p-value 0.003), poor sleep quality (OR 3.86, p-value 0.029), medical students who live with families in financial debt (OR 4.31, p-value 0.007). However, regular milk consumption was a significant protective factor with depression (OR 0.19, p-value 0.023). These findings indicated medical students in the first to fifth year had moderate to moderately severe depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The important factors associated with depression were the place of residence while learning, the family’s financial status and quality of sleep. For a reduction in their depression level, milk consumption should not be neglected.
{"title":"Lifestyle and depression related factors among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional online survey","authors":"T. Choosong, Ratanaporn Chootong, Chanon Supsirinawin, Pakorn Thonganan, Sadaporn Piboon, Sasinan Senangkhanikorn, Satanan Chaiyapong, Siwat Yutthana, Winitha Nilwong","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2148799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2148799","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The reports of prevalence of depression in Thai medical students were high. The medical student’s lifestyle factors may relate to their depression, especially, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and lifestyle factors related to depression disorder in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1st–5th year medical students, at a Medical University in Southern Thailand, from June to December 2021. Demographic data, the Thai version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Thai-Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were evaluated. Ordinal logistic regression was performed to indicate the significant factors related to depression disorder. There were 162 responders who participated in this study. The prevalence of moderate to moderately severe depression among preclinical and clinical students was 18.1%. The related factors associated with depression disorder comprised living at home (OR 5.12, p-value 0.003), poor sleep quality (OR 3.86, p-value 0.029), medical students who live with families in financial debt (OR 4.31, p-value 0.007). However, regular milk consumption was a significant protective factor with depression (OR 0.19, p-value 0.023). These findings indicated medical students in the first to fifth year had moderate to moderately severe depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The important factors associated with depression were the place of residence while learning, the family’s financial status and quality of sleep. For a reduction in their depression level, milk consumption should not be neglected.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"413 - 421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49462932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2141405
Dimitri Tchakounté Tchuimi
ABSTRACT Malnutrition during childhood remains a major public health concern in developing countries. Within the household, the responsibility of the mother in child nutrition is crucial. Their empowerment is recognized by previous research as a social factor associated with low rates of malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using data from the Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey of 2018, this study investigates the associations between the dimensions of maternal empowerment and childhood stunting and wasting. A logistic regression model was used to estimate these associations. Considering each dimension of maternal empowerment, the results suggest that mother’s economic status was associated with greater odds of childhood stunting (OR = 1.110; 95% CI:1.014, 1.215; p < 0.05), and lower odds of childhood wasting (OR = 0.456; 95% CI: 0.373, 0.557; p < 0.01). Mother’s control over financial resources was associated with lower odds of childhood stunting (OR = 0.696; 95% CI: 0.642, 0.756; p < 0.01) and wasting (OR = 0.362; 95% CI: 0.309, 0.424; p < 0.01). Mother’s participation in decision-making was related to lower odds of childhood stunting (OR = 0.878; 95% CI: 0.826, 0.933; p < 0.01) and wasting (OR = 0.699; 95% CI: 0.622, 0.786; p < 0.01). Thus, the findings of this study suggest that maternal empowerment dimensions associated differently with childhood stunting and wasting. For a better effectiveness of any policy intervention, it is important to clarify the contribution of each dimension of maternal empowerment when analyzing its relationship with the nutritional status of children.
{"title":"Does maternal empowerment influence childhood stunting and wasting in Cameroon? A cross-sectional study","authors":"Dimitri Tchakounté Tchuimi","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2141405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2141405","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Malnutrition during childhood remains a major public health concern in developing countries. Within the household, the responsibility of the mother in child nutrition is crucial. Their empowerment is recognized by previous research as a social factor associated with low rates of malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using data from the Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey of 2018, this study investigates the associations between the dimensions of maternal empowerment and childhood stunting and wasting. A logistic regression model was used to estimate these associations. Considering each dimension of maternal empowerment, the results suggest that mother’s economic status was associated with greater odds of childhood stunting (OR = 1.110; 95% CI:1.014, 1.215; p < 0.05), and lower odds of childhood wasting (OR = 0.456; 95% CI: 0.373, 0.557; p < 0.01). Mother’s control over financial resources was associated with lower odds of childhood stunting (OR = 0.696; 95% CI: 0.642, 0.756; p < 0.01) and wasting (OR = 0.362; 95% CI: 0.309, 0.424; p < 0.01). Mother’s participation in decision-making was related to lower odds of childhood stunting (OR = 0.878; 95% CI: 0.826, 0.933; p < 0.01) and wasting (OR = 0.699; 95% CI: 0.622, 0.786; p < 0.01). Thus, the findings of this study suggest that maternal empowerment dimensions associated differently with childhood stunting and wasting. For a better effectiveness of any policy intervention, it is important to clarify the contribution of each dimension of maternal empowerment when analyzing its relationship with the nutritional status of children.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"263 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47692314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2142993
Briana Williams, Lindsay Poole, Madeline Esterer, J. Carlson, Kim Batsche-McKenzie, Justin Tate, Jane Shank
ABSTRACT Parent-to-parent mental health treatment approaches demonstrate a solid evidence base, though a tool to measure changes associated with this innovative service delivery approach has yet to appear in the literature. The Parent Support Partner (PSP) Outcome Tool was developed to evaluate a statewide parent-to-parent service for families of children presenting severe emotional and behavioral challenges. This study explored the factor structure and reliability of the PSP Outcome Tool. Participants were 1,502 Medicaid-eligible parents of children between the ages of 5–19 with SED (82%), I/DD (12%), or both SED and I/DD (5%) who enrolled in and participated in PSP Services across the state of Michigan from 2017 to 2020. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor solution (Bridging Collaborative Relationships, Empowerment, Navigating Resources). Cronbach’s alpha was high (0.95) for the resulting 23-item outcome tool, and the three factors (i.e. Bridging Collaborative Relationships = 0.91, Empowerment = 0.90, Navigating Resources = 0.84). The factor structure of the scale and the need to establish additional validity support (i.e. predictive, convergent, divergent validity) for its use with diverse groups of parents are discussed.
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