Pub Date : 2021-08-18DOI: 10.1080/15470148.2021.1964666
D. Orthodoxou, X. Loizidou, Anthi Gavriel, Stephanie Hadjiprocopiou, D. Petsa, Kyriaki Demetriou
Abstract Sustainable business events have the potential to diversify the tourism offering of destinations, to attract higher-spending visitors, and to elongate the tourism season, while economically, socially and environmentally benefiting host communities. Nonetheless, the incorporation of sustainability principles in business events requires coordinated actions and collaboration from a range of stakeholders, including service providers and those in decision-making positions. This research employed quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate the perceptions of 50 business event attendees, 16 business event service providers, and five decision-makers in Cyprus with regards to the state of the business event sector’s sustainability, and obstacles and opportunities for its sustainable growth. Our findings suggest that very few sustainability practices are currently implemented in the organization of business events and demand for sustainability is relatively low. However, the provision of incentives coupled with trainings and capacity building for key actors within the supply chain as well as extensive horizontal awareness-raising activities could catalyze the transition of the business event sector toward sustainability and attract additional business events to Cyprus. Importantly, the emergence of a sustainable business event sector in Cyprus could also contribute to the sector’s and the country’s post-COVID-19 recovery.
{"title":"Sustainable business events: The perceptions of service providers, attendees, and stakeholders in decision-making positions","authors":"D. Orthodoxou, X. Loizidou, Anthi Gavriel, Stephanie Hadjiprocopiou, D. Petsa, Kyriaki Demetriou","doi":"10.1080/15470148.2021.1964666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1964666","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sustainable business events have the potential to diversify the tourism offering of destinations, to attract higher-spending visitors, and to elongate the tourism season, while economically, socially and environmentally benefiting host communities. Nonetheless, the incorporation of sustainability principles in business events requires coordinated actions and collaboration from a range of stakeholders, including service providers and those in decision-making positions. This research employed quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate the perceptions of 50 business event attendees, 16 business event service providers, and five decision-makers in Cyprus with regards to the state of the business event sector’s sustainability, and obstacles and opportunities for its sustainable growth. Our findings suggest that very few sustainability practices are currently implemented in the organization of business events and demand for sustainability is relatively low. However, the provision of incentives coupled with trainings and capacity building for key actors within the supply chain as well as extensive horizontal awareness-raising activities could catalyze the transition of the business event sector toward sustainability and attract additional business events to Cyprus. Importantly, the emergence of a sustainable business event sector in Cyprus could also contribute to the sector’s and the country’s post-COVID-19 recovery.","PeriodicalId":46268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Convention & Event Tourism","volume":"23 1","pages":"154 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48049099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.1080/15470148.2021.1949417
Jenniina Sihvonen, L. Turunen
Abstract This exploratory study concerns the evocation of multisensory experiences at travel fairs. In this context, stimulation of the senses is vital in engendering feelings of pleasure, arousal and dominance. The purpose of this study is to explore the ways in which travel fairs evoke multisensory experiences and internal responses in consumer visitors. To accomplish this task we gathered ethnographic data (pictures, videos and audio recordings) together with interview data from visitors, and applied the classic stimulus-organism-response conceptualization to the data analysis. The findings contribute to existing knowledge concerning the management of retail atmospherics in shedding light on customer experiences beyond (dis)-satisfaction in the little studied context of travel fairs. Our findings imply that the travel fair encompasses visually dominant stimuli whereas tactile stimuli are somewhat lacking. Although visitors to these fairs seem to find the experience manageable and pleasurable, the aspect of excitement is somewhat lacking. We suggest that the visually dominant environment that is characteristic of fairs should move in a multisensory direction in terms of offering visitors experiences that are more appealing. It is also crucial to manage the volume and intensity of senses effectively to prevent information overload and sensory overstimulation. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949417 .
{"title":"Multisensory experiences at travel fairs: What evokes feelings of pleasure, arousal and dominance among visitors?","authors":"Jenniina Sihvonen, L. Turunen","doi":"10.1080/15470148.2021.1949417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949417","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This exploratory study concerns the evocation of multisensory experiences at travel fairs. In this context, stimulation of the senses is vital in engendering feelings of pleasure, arousal and dominance. The purpose of this study is to explore the ways in which travel fairs evoke multisensory experiences and internal responses in consumer visitors. To accomplish this task we gathered ethnographic data (pictures, videos and audio recordings) together with interview data from visitors, and applied the classic stimulus-organism-response conceptualization to the data analysis. The findings contribute to existing knowledge concerning the management of retail atmospherics in shedding light on customer experiences beyond (dis)-satisfaction in the little studied context of travel fairs. Our findings imply that the travel fair encompasses visually dominant stimuli whereas tactile stimuli are somewhat lacking. Although visitors to these fairs seem to find the experience manageable and pleasurable, the aspect of excitement is somewhat lacking. We suggest that the visually dominant environment that is characteristic of fairs should move in a multisensory direction in terms of offering visitors experiences that are more appealing. It is also crucial to manage the volume and intensity of senses effectively to prevent information overload and sensory overstimulation. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949417 .","PeriodicalId":46268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Convention & Event Tourism","volume":"23 1","pages":"63 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48064232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1080/15470148.2021.1949416
Xingyi Zhang, Yang Xu, E. Jeong, E. Olson
Abstract Since event attendees produce significant amounts of food waste, it is important to promote the reduction of food waste among attendees. However, studies that have investigated attendees’ intentions to participate in food waste reduction (FWR) practices are scant. This study aims to identify the antecedents of attendees’ FWR intentions and predicts that perceived event companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) value and usefulness of FWR practices will influence attendees’ intentions to participate in FWR practices. The results showed that perceived CSR value significantly influenced attendees’ intentions to participate in FWR practices. Perceived usefulness of FWR practices mediates the effect of perceived CSR value on intentions. Furthermore, age was found to moderate the proposed relationships. The findings of this study suggest that attendees’ perceptions of the event organizers’ CSR value are crucial for attendees to participate in FWR practices, especially when the majority of the attendees are in the younger age group.
{"title":"Understanding event attendees’ intentions to participate food waste reduction (FWR) practices: The role of perceived CSR value and perceived usefulness","authors":"Xingyi Zhang, Yang Xu, E. Jeong, E. Olson","doi":"10.1080/15470148.2021.1949416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949416","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since event attendees produce significant amounts of food waste, it is important to promote the reduction of food waste among attendees. However, studies that have investigated attendees’ intentions to participate in food waste reduction (FWR) practices are scant. This study aims to identify the antecedents of attendees’ FWR intentions and predicts that perceived event companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) value and usefulness of FWR practices will influence attendees’ intentions to participate in FWR practices. The results showed that perceived CSR value significantly influenced attendees’ intentions to participate in FWR practices. Perceived usefulness of FWR practices mediates the effect of perceived CSR value on intentions. Furthermore, age was found to moderate the proposed relationships. The findings of this study suggest that attendees’ perceptions of the event organizers’ CSR value are crucial for attendees to participate in FWR practices, especially when the majority of the attendees are in the younger age group.","PeriodicalId":46268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Convention & Event Tourism","volume":"23 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47037710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.1080/15470148.2021.1949418
Eduardo Russo, A. Figueira
Abstract Motivated by the urban transformations observed in cities that hosted the Olympic Games in the recent years, this article aims to map and analyze the scientific publications that linked mega sporting events to foreign direct investment in different times and realities in order to understand the positive and negative impact that such a conjuncture causes on the business environment with different challenges and opportunities for the companies located in these regions. We believe that although the Olympic Games were chosen to represent this study, its results and propositions can be applied to other mega event contexts occurring in either developed or emerging locations. To this purpose, a systematic review of the literature was made based on the combined search of the terms "Foreign Direct Investment" and "Olympic Games," which gathered a final sample of 170 publications from 17 of the most relevant databases in the world. It was verified that although few studies have dealt with this issue as a central theme of discussion, they have been gaining relevance mainly since the Beijing Olympics in 2008. Thus, after mapping what has been discussed in the area, the main themes explored, theoretical perspectives, research gaps have been identified in order to contribute to a better understanding of the phenomenon. At the end, a theoretical framework is presented with the objective to guide future studies in the area.
{"title":"Foreign direct investment and Olympic Games: A systematic literature review","authors":"Eduardo Russo, A. Figueira","doi":"10.1080/15470148.2021.1949418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949418","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Motivated by the urban transformations observed in cities that hosted the Olympic Games in the recent years, this article aims to map and analyze the scientific publications that linked mega sporting events to foreign direct investment in different times and realities in order to understand the positive and negative impact that such a conjuncture causes on the business environment with different challenges and opportunities for the companies located in these regions. We believe that although the Olympic Games were chosen to represent this study, its results and propositions can be applied to other mega event contexts occurring in either developed or emerging locations. To this purpose, a systematic review of the literature was made based on the combined search of the terms \"Foreign Direct Investment\" and \"Olympic Games,\" which gathered a final sample of 170 publications from 17 of the most relevant databases in the world. It was verified that although few studies have dealt with this issue as a central theme of discussion, they have been gaining relevance mainly since the Beijing Olympics in 2008. Thus, after mapping what has been discussed in the area, the main themes explored, theoretical perspectives, research gaps have been identified in order to contribute to a better understanding of the phenomenon. At the end, a theoretical framework is presented with the objective to guide future studies in the area.","PeriodicalId":46268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Convention & Event Tourism","volume":"46 4","pages":"95 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949418","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41268722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.1080/15470148.2021.1949419
Kwan-Sung Park, Shinyong Jung
Abstract Web accessibility is an important aspect of creating an inclusive event or meeting. This study examined a total of 278 websites’ accessibility of various event sectors using AChecker. The findings explain the identified known problems of the websites by different event sectors (professional event management association events, convention centers, and tradeshows) based on Web Content Accessibility Guideline (WCAG) 2.0. In addition, the results contribute to the methodology of web-accessibility research suggesting that the exploratory factor analysis could offer web designers a practical improvement plan based on the unique interrelationships among the detected items of each criterion.
{"title":"Designing inclusive websites for people with disabilities as part of an event tourism strategic planning process","authors":"Kwan-Sung Park, Shinyong Jung","doi":"10.1080/15470148.2021.1949419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949419","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Web accessibility is an important aspect of creating an inclusive event or meeting. This study examined a total of 278 websites’ accessibility of various event sectors using AChecker. The findings explain the identified known problems of the websites by different event sectors (professional event management association events, convention centers, and tradeshows) based on Web Content Accessibility Guideline (WCAG) 2.0. In addition, the results contribute to the methodology of web-accessibility research suggesting that the exploratory factor analysis could offer web designers a practical improvement plan based on the unique interrelationships among the detected items of each criterion.","PeriodicalId":46268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Convention & Event Tourism","volume":"23 1","pages":"129 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15470148.2021.1949419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44691072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-20DOI: 10.1080/15470148.2021.1908921
Philipp Schlemmer, Marc Stickdorn, E. Kristiansen, M. Schnitzer
Abstract Sports event research has displayed gaps in the analysis of different stakeholders’ perspectives and satisfaction levels. Consequently, this study aims at laying bare real-time experiences of event stakeholders via a unique mixed method research approach for explaining stakeholder satisfaction. Data were gathered on occasion of the 2016 International Children’s Games in Innsbruck, Austria via mobile ethnography using an app (n = 103), semi-structured interviews (n = 24), and participatory observations. Stakeholders’ experiences were analyzed with the confirmation/disconfirmation paradigm, revealing that catering, transport, and organization can be classified as essential factors, whereas performance factors comprise competitions, daily work, and atmosphere. The findings contribute to the sports event and tourism literature (1) by analyzing the main stakeholders’ perceptions along the entire event journey during the 2016 ICG and (2) by aiming to gather a deeper comprehension of processes among sports event stakeholders with a mixed methodological approach (mobile ethnographical app, interviews and participatory oberservations).
{"title":"A mixed methods stakeholder satisfaction study of sports events based on the case of the 2016 international children’s games","authors":"Philipp Schlemmer, Marc Stickdorn, E. Kristiansen, M. Schnitzer","doi":"10.1080/15470148.2021.1908921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1908921","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sports event research has displayed gaps in the analysis of different stakeholders’ perspectives and satisfaction levels. Consequently, this study aims at laying bare real-time experiences of event stakeholders via a unique mixed method research approach for explaining stakeholder satisfaction. Data were gathered on occasion of the 2016 International Children’s Games in Innsbruck, Austria via mobile ethnography using an app (n = 103), semi-structured interviews (n = 24), and participatory observations. Stakeholders’ experiences were analyzed with the confirmation/disconfirmation paradigm, revealing that catering, transport, and organization can be classified as essential factors, whereas performance factors comprise competitions, daily work, and atmosphere. The findings contribute to the sports event and tourism literature (1) by analyzing the main stakeholders’ perceptions along the entire event journey during the 2016 ICG and (2) by aiming to gather a deeper comprehension of processes among sports event stakeholders with a mixed methodological approach (mobile ethnographical app, interviews and participatory oberservations).","PeriodicalId":46268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Convention & Event Tourism","volume":"23 1","pages":"41 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15470148.2021.1908921","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41508913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-19DOI: 10.1080/15470148.2021.1906810
H. Séraphin, Nathalie Jarraud
Abstract The breakout of COVID-19 has massively impacted the event industry. Focusing on Lourdes Pilgrimages, the results of the study reveal that the online delivery of the event, has not negatively impacted on the traditional dimension of the pilgrimage; nor on the satisfaction of attendees. Instead, it has potentially offered some opportunities to the Sanctuary, and surrounding areas. As a result, crisis either internal or external to an industry should not be perceived only as negative. A Janusian thinking approach is required to perceive the opportunities related to crisis, and an ambidextrous management approach needed to exploit them.
{"title":"COVID-19: Impacts and perspectives for religious tourism events. The case of Lourdes Pilgrimages","authors":"H. Séraphin, Nathalie Jarraud","doi":"10.1080/15470148.2021.1906810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1906810","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The breakout of COVID-19 has massively impacted the event industry. Focusing on Lourdes Pilgrimages, the results of the study reveal that the online delivery of the event, has not negatively impacted on the traditional dimension of the pilgrimage; nor on the satisfaction of attendees. Instead, it has potentially offered some opportunities to the Sanctuary, and surrounding areas. As a result, crisis either internal or external to an industry should not be perceived only as negative. A Janusian thinking approach is required to perceive the opportunities related to crisis, and an ambidextrous management approach needed to exploit them.","PeriodicalId":46268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Convention & Event Tourism","volume":"23 1","pages":"15 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15470148.2021.1906810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42397587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1080/15470148.2021.1906373
Jason Draper, Yi Liu, L. Young
Abstract There are many niche areas of research in hospitality and tourism, including meetings, expositions, events, and conventions (MEEC). Within such niche areas an assessment of the current status of the academic research is always helpful for current and future researchers. The purpose of this study is to assess the current status of research in MEEC journals and provide a roadmap for scholars as they aspire to publish in MEEC journals. This research conducts an analysis of 837 studies published in six MEEC-specific scholarly journals by analyzing event type, methods used, data collection techniques, and specific data analysis methods. Discussion includes guidance for submitting MEEC research, such as parameters on which journal might be the most appropriate target for a manuscript based on the research topic, data collection method, and data analysis approach. In summary, this article is a vital reference guide for academic scholars who want to advance their MEEC research in an effort to extend knowledge of our field.
{"title":"Research methods, data collection, and data analysis in meetings, expositions, events, and conventions journals","authors":"Jason Draper, Yi Liu, L. Young","doi":"10.1080/15470148.2021.1906373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1906373","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are many niche areas of research in hospitality and tourism, including meetings, expositions, events, and conventions (MEEC). Within such niche areas an assessment of the current status of the academic research is always helpful for current and future researchers. The purpose of this study is to assess the current status of research in MEEC journals and provide a roadmap for scholars as they aspire to publish in MEEC journals. This research conducts an analysis of 837 studies published in six MEEC-specific scholarly journals by analyzing event type, methods used, data collection techniques, and specific data analysis methods. Discussion includes guidance for submitting MEEC research, such as parameters on which journal might be the most appropriate target for a manuscript based on the research topic, data collection method, and data analysis approach. In summary, this article is a vital reference guide for academic scholars who want to advance their MEEC research in an effort to extend knowledge of our field.","PeriodicalId":46268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Convention & Event Tourism","volume":"22 1","pages":"429 - 447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15470148.2021.1906373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41811436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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