American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis最新文献

Many psychological problems are maintained, in part, by dysfunctional response expectancies, and changing those expectations is an essential part of treatment. Hypnotic inductions alter response expectancies and have been shown empirically to substantially enhance the effects of psychotherapy. Therefore, hypnosis can be used therapeutically as a nondeceptive placebo. Expectancy plays a major role in hypnotic inductions and their effects. Clinical procedures suggested by these data are explored.

When it comes to antidepressant medications - popular, backbone drugs of modern psychiatry - even learned scholars and savvy clinicians find it difficult to separate honest, rigorous research from that which thrives on hidden agendas and ulterior motives. Fortunately, a mounting corpus of data-based studies, mostly meta-analyses, casts new and critical light on the clinical efficacy, side effects, and therapeutic outcomes of antidepressants. Spearheading these efforts over the past few decades, Irving Kirsch and colleagues have challenged the hegemonic view of antidepressants as an effective therapeutic intervention. Notably, Kirsch illuminates the small difference between antidepressants and placebos in mitigating depression-a difference that may be statistically significant yet fails to reach clinical significance. This piece sketches the important contributions Kirsch has made to the scientific understanding of antidepressant medications.

Irving Kirsch is a leading figure in the field of psychological science who has advanced our understanding of hypnosis in key respects that have withstood the tests of time and replication. We honor his prodigious contributions over his distinguished career and extend his response expectancy theory in an integrative model that encompasses predictive coding. We review the construct of expectancies that he articulated and championed for decades and extended in response set theory. We propose novel hypotheses to align his innovative contributions with the most current findings in psychological science and to acknowledge the heuristic value of his work. We especially focus on (I) how the response set theory can be conceptualized in terms of the predictive coding model and (II) psycho-social constructs that need to be considered to better understand the effects of expectancies on hypnotic phenomena in an open and evidence-based integrative model of hypnosis.

Hypnosis presents an auxiliary adjunct in medical, dental, physiotherapeutic, and other clinical fields. This narrative review verified the effect of hypnosis in the control of pain and anxiety in dentistry. It presents the importance and effectiveness of hypnosis to aid dental procedures. It´s use in dentistry allows a wide range of applications such as sedation, analgesia, anesthesia, and hemostasis to facilitate treatment and improve the experience of dental care for dental patients. A discussion about the regulation of hypnosis in dentistry in Brazil, the attributions of dentists qualified in hypnosis, as well as the benefits of application based on evidence of hypnosis in dentistry, and the need for certification by hypnosis practitioners due to the possible risks inherent to the use of hypnosis are presented. Hypnosis is useful in the management of pain and anxiety in dentistry, when the dental practitioner is adequately experienced in this modality and the patients are carefully selected.

Hypnosis has been increasingly used in recent years as an alternative treatment to maintain well-being. Yet, limited evidence is available regarding its role in weight management, especially in Malaysia. Hence, this quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of hypnosis on weight loss and body composition (body mass index, waist circumference and body fat percentage) among staff and students of a public university in Terengganu, Malaysia. Participants with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 kg/m² were randomly assigned to either intervention group (IG = 53) or control group (CG = 54), for 12 weeks. All participants received health education (diet + exercise + behavioral recommendations) with those in IG had additional three hypnotherapy sessions, once a month. Body weight was measured at week 1, 7, and 12 while body compositions were measured at weeks 1 and 12. Descriptive, univariate, and repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were utilized. A total of 104 participants completed the trial (mean age = 26.28 ± 8.01; female = 82.2%; BMI = 31.39 ± 4.89). A significant weight loss was observed in the intervention (-4.61%) and control (-3.04%) groups (mean difference = -1.57; 95%CI: -2.59, -0.54; p = .003) after 12 weeks. Participants that frequently practiced self-hypnosis lost more weight (-6.27%; t(50) = -5.331, p < .001). Body fat percentage and waist circumference did not significantly change from baseline in both groups. Essentially, the positive outcomes indicated the promising potential of hypnosis as an alternative tool in facilitating weight loss efforts for those in need.