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Making Islam (Coherent): Academic Discourse and the Politics of Language 使伊斯兰(连贯):学术话语与语言政治
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472331
R. Rafii
Despite the Islamophobic insistence on “Islam” as an alien and hermetically sealed phenomenon in popular and political Anglophone cultures, the field of Islamic and Near Eastern studies—historically subsumed under Oriental studies—has long been studied alongside a multiplicity of pre-Islamic Southwest Asian cultures. Yet the European Orientalist tradition still needed to create a “coherence” out of Islamic history in order to place it within a hierarchy of so-called civilizations. This essay discusses the issues regarding the Orientalist legacy of the terms Middle Ages and medieval in academic Islamic discourse, and how such usage, made to “familiarize” non-European cultures to Anglophone, non-Muslim audiences, served to reinforce Orientalist notions of lack of progress and backwardness in Muslim-majority societies.
尽管仇视伊斯兰的人坚持认为“伊斯兰”是流行和政治英语文化中的一种外来的、封闭的现象,但伊斯兰和近东研究领域——历史上被归入东方研究——长期以来一直与多元的前伊斯兰西南亚文化一起被研究。然而,欧洲东方学传统仍然需要从伊斯兰历史中创造出一种“连贯性”,以便将其置于所谓文明的等级制度中。本文讨论了伊斯兰学术话语中“中世纪”和“中世纪”这两个术语的东方学遗产问题,以及这种用法如何使非欧洲文化“熟悉”以英语为母语的非穆斯林受众,从而强化了穆斯林占多数的社会缺乏进步和落后的东方学观念。
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引用次数: 2
A Bridge Too Far? Ludovico Marracci's Translation of the Qurʾan and the Persistence of Medieval Biblicism 桥过了头?卢多维科·马拉奇的《古兰经》翻译与中世纪圣经的坚持
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472387
C. Livanos, M. Salama
The medieval tendency to view Islam as a Christian heresy continues to influence Qurʾanic studies in the Western academy due to the academy's origins as a religious institution and the absence of systematic reckoning by contemporary scholars. Ludovico Marracci's 1698 Qurʾan commentary was both the culmination of the medieval polemic tradition and the blueprint for subsequent Western engagement with the Qurʾan. Though few Qurʾanic scholars have the proficiency in Latin necessary to read Marracci's work, Western Qurʾanic studies continues to overemphasize biblical “sources” for the Qurʾan because the field originated in a methodology that was fundamentally polemical rather than exegetical. This essay proposes models from within the Christian and Muslim traditions that can pave the way toward a break from Biblicist tropes toward an interfaith understanding based on the rich tradition of Muslim exegesis.
中世纪将伊斯兰教视为基督教异端的倾向继续影响着西方学院的古兰经研究,因为该学院起源于一个宗教机构,而当代学者缺乏系统的清算。Ludovico Marracci 1698年的《古兰经》评论既是中世纪论战传统的顶峰,也是后来西方与《古兰经”接触的蓝图。尽管很少有古兰经学者能熟练掌握阅读马拉奇作品所需的拉丁语,但西方古兰经研究仍然过分强调《古兰经》的圣经“来源”,因为该领域起源于一种从根本上讲是争论性的方法论,而不是训诫性的。本文提出了基督教和穆斯林传统中的模型,这些模型可以为打破《圣经》中的比喻,在穆斯林注释丰富传统的基础上实现不同信仰间的理解铺平道路。
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引用次数: 2
Contributors 贡献者
4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10799221
Other| August 01 2023 Contributors boundary 2 (2023) 50 (3): 247–248. https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-10799221 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Contributors. boundary 2 1 August 2023; 50 (3): 247–248. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-10799221 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll Journalsboundary 2 Search Advanced Search Shoshana Adler is assistant professor of English at Vanderbilt University, specializing in medieval English literature, cultural histories of race, and queer theory. Her work is forthcoming in Exemplaria and The Routledge Companion to Global Chaucer.Anne Le holds a PhD in French and Francophone Studies from the University of California, Los Angeles, and is the Public Humanities Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. She specializes in romances and chansons de geste from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Her research interests include representations of interfaith contact across the medieval Mediterranean, conversion narratives, and genealogy.Christopher Livanos is professor of comparative literature at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He has published on medieval Latin literature and theology and relations between Eastern and Western Christianity in the medieval and early modern periods. His work also examines the intersections of classical and Middle Eastern influences on medieval Latin and Greek... You do not currently have access to this content.
其他| 2023年8月1日贡献者边界2(2023)50(3):247-248。https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-10799221引用图标引用共享图标分享Facebook Twitter LinkedIn电子邮件权限搜索网站引文贡献者。2023年8月1日;50(3): 247-248。doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-10799221下载引文文件:Zotero参考资料管理器EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex工具栏搜索搜索下拉菜单工具栏搜索搜索输入搜索输入自动建议过滤您的搜索书籍和期刊所有期刊边界2搜索高级搜索Shoshana Adler是范德比尔特大学英语助理教授,专攻中世纪英国文学,种族文化史和酷儿理论。她的作品即将出版《范例》和《劳特利奇全球乔叟指南》。Anne Le,加州大学洛杉矶分校法语和法语研究博士,圣母大学中世纪研究所公共人文学科博士后。她专门研究十二世纪和十三世纪的浪漫小说和情歌。她的研究兴趣包括跨中世纪地中海信仰间接触的表现,转换叙事和家谱。克里斯托弗·利瓦诺斯(Christopher Livanos)是威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校比较文学教授。他发表了关于中世纪拉丁文学和神学以及中世纪和近代早期东西方基督教关系的著作。他的作品还考察了古典和中东对中世纪拉丁语和希腊语的交叉影响。您目前没有访问此内容的权限。
{"title":"Contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.1215/01903659-10799221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-10799221","url":null,"abstract":"Other| August 01 2023 Contributors boundary 2 (2023) 50 (3): 247–248. https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-10799221 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Contributors. boundary 2 1 August 2023; 50 (3): 247–248. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-10799221 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll Journalsboundary 2 Search Advanced Search Shoshana Adler is assistant professor of English at Vanderbilt University, specializing in medieval English literature, cultural histories of race, and queer theory. Her work is forthcoming in Exemplaria and The Routledge Companion to Global Chaucer.Anne Le holds a PhD in French and Francophone Studies from the University of California, Los Angeles, and is the Public Humanities Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. She specializes in romances and chansons de geste from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Her research interests include representations of interfaith contact across the medieval Mediterranean, conversion narratives, and genealogy.Christopher Livanos is professor of comparative literature at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He has published on medieval Latin literature and theology and relations between Eastern and Western Christianity in the medieval and early modern periods. His work also examines the intersections of classical and Middle Eastern influences on medieval Latin and Greek... You do not currently have access to this content.","PeriodicalId":46332,"journal":{"name":"Boundary 2-An International Journal of Literature and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136222862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What Is “Postmedieval”? Embedded Reflections 什么是“后中世纪”?嵌入式反射
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472345
Julie Orlemanski
This essay explores the issue's topic, “The ‘Medieval’ Undone: Imagining a New Global Past,” by asking what it has meant, and what it could yet mean, to be postmedieval. It does so by telling a specific institutional history, that of postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies, which launched in 2010 and continues to the present. The article adopts a decidedly embedded perspective, from the point of view of a current coeditor of postmedieval, previously an author and book reviews editor. Ultimately, the article argues that postmedieval's attachment to the “medieval” works to keep its readers in conflicted contact with the Eurocentrism, global flows of capital, dominance of English, and politics of time that cannot be escaped merely through critique or shifts in representation.
这篇文章探讨了这个问题的主题,“‘中世纪’的终结:想象一个新的全球过去”,通过询问它意味着什么,以及它可能意味着什么,成为后中世纪。它通过讲述一个特定的机构历史来实现这一点,即后中世纪的历史:一个中世纪文化研究杂志,于2010年推出,一直持续到现在。这篇文章采用了一个明显嵌入的视角,从一个现任后中世纪的共同编辑的角度来看,以前是一个作家和书评编辑。最后,文章认为,后中世纪对“中世纪”作品的依恋使读者与欧洲中心主义、全球资本流动、英语的主导地位和时间政治保持冲突的联系,这些都不能仅仅通过批评或表现形式的转变来逃避。
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引用次数: 1
Race, Medieval Studies, and Disciplinary Boundaries 种族、中世纪研究和学科界限
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472401
Adam Miyashiro
Debates in medieval studies about race and the global Middle Ages parallel past debates in comparative literature. Both comparative literature and medieval studies struggle with their Eurocentric origins while simultaneously trying to negotiate a non-Eurocentric approach to their respective disciplinary boundaries. While trying to globalize medieval studies, medievalists have remained in disciplinary silos, especially in regard to a transnational and transtemporal understanding of race. This article's author argues that a comparative approach to periodization, rather than holding onto a concept of the “medieval,” is a more productive way to understand premodern race.
中世纪研究中关于种族和全球中世纪的争论与过去比较文学中的争论类似。比较文学和中世纪研究都在为其以欧洲为中心的起源而斗争,同时试图通过谈判达成一种非欧洲中心的方法来达到各自的学科边界。在试图使中世纪研究全球化的同时,中世纪主义者仍然处于学科孤岛中,尤其是在对种族的跨国和跨时间理解方面。这篇文章的作者认为,对分期的比较方法,而不是坚持“中世纪”的概念,是理解前现代种族的更有效的方法。
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引用次数: 2
Spoiled History: Leprosy and the Lessons of Queer Medieval Historiography 被破坏的历史:麻风病和奇怪的中世纪史学的教训
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472443
S. Adler
White supremacists fetishize the crusading knight; queer theorists claim an identification with the generative secret of the premodern sodomite. This essay attends to the epistemological circuits of transhistorical identification, examining the claims of recursive history and the theories of attachment betrayed by identification with the medieval past. Turning away from the solicitations of the crusader and the sodomite, the essay excavates histories of emotional attachment to the leper, a medieval figure whose status as abject incarnation of historical distance helps reconfigure transhistoric emotional identification. In medieval texts, the leper's ruined face scripts styles of recognition. In the medical writings of nineteenth-century imperial physicians, the medieval leper is used in negotiating fears of disease outbreaks in various colonies. The leper therefore comes to assume the status of reassuring historical distance as a result of imperial ideological needs. Attention to the circuits of desire that animate claims to the past on the basis of identification and personal attachment can account for the attraction the Middle Ages exerts on both medievalists and white supremacists.
白人至上主义者崇拜十字军骑士;酷儿理论家声称认同前现代鸡奸者的生殖秘密。本文关注超历史认同的认识论回路,考察递归历史的主张和与中世纪过去认同所背叛的依恋理论。这篇文章从十字军和鸡奸者的恳求转向挖掘对麻风病人情感依恋的历史,麻风病人是一个中世纪的人物,他作为历史距离的卑微化身,帮助重新配置了超历史的情感认同。在中世纪的文献中,麻风病人被毁的脸代表了识别的风格。在19世纪帝国医生的医学著作中,中世纪的麻风病人被用来在各个殖民地协商对疾病爆发的恐惧。因此,由于帝国意识形态的需要,麻疯病人开始承担起确保历史距离的地位。对欲望回路的关注,在认同和个人依恋的基础上激发了对过去的主张,可以解释中世纪对中世纪主义者和白人至上主义者的吸引力。
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引用次数: 1
Fighting for the Middle: Medieval Studies Programs and Degrees within Higher Education 为中世纪而战:高等教育中的中世纪研究课程和学位
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472373
Shokoofeh Rajabzadeh
This essay explores the politics of disciplinarity in medieval studies by revisiting the author's own graduate medieval studies program at the University of California, Berkeley. Along with another graduate student, the author advocated for a more flexible and inclusive conceptualization of the discipline. These efforts were perceived as threatening—and so were the advocates. This essay offers an account of their “diversity work,” which the author theorizes through Sara Ahmed's critical frameworks, in order to share the greatest lesson they learned: aside from the established governing body of the degree program, the fiercest defenders of a conventional, Eurocentric conception of medieval studies were those newest to the discipline—the graduate students.
本文通过回顾作者在加州大学伯克利分校的中世纪研究生课程,探讨了中世纪研究中的纪律性政治。与另一名研究生一起,作者主张对该学科进行更灵活和包容的概念化。这些努力被认为具有威胁性,支持者也是如此。这篇文章介绍了他们的“多样性工作”,作者通过萨拉·艾哈迈德的批评框架对其进行了理论化,以分享他们学到的最伟大的教训:除了学位项目的既定管理机构之外,中世纪研究的传统欧洲中心观的最激烈捍卫者是该学科的最新成员——研究生。
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引用次数: 1
The Medieval of the Long Now 漫长的中世纪
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472359
M. Warren
As decades turn to centuries to millennia, the contemporary relationship with the past is increasingly medieval. This article takes the perspective of extreme long-term thinking to reexamine how medieval studies can interact with more contemporary fields. How might scholars share the “now” with each other and with their predecessors from other millennia? And how might this perspective transform racial epistemologies? Inspired by the millennial thinker, Henry of Huntingdon (d. 1157), the article connects the Long Now Foundation, the 10,000-Year Clock, the poet T. S. Eliot, and the near future called the “digital Dark Ages.” Henry from the twelfth century provides a recent antecedent for imagining the “long now” wrought by settler colonialism. Undoing periodization directly challenges the colonizing deployment of time itself.
随着几十年变成几百年到几千年,当代与过去的关系越来越中世纪。本文从极端长期思维的角度,重新审视中世纪研究如何与更现代的领域互动。学者们如何相互分享“现在”,以及如何与其他几千年的前辈分享“现在?”?这种观点如何改变种族认识论?受千禧一代思想家亨廷顿的亨利(公元1157年)的启发,这篇文章将Long Now基金会、一万年钟、诗人T·S·艾略特和不久的将来称为“数字黑暗时代”联系起来。12世纪的亨利为想象定居者殖民主义造成的“Long Now”提供了一个近期的先例。取消周期化直接挑战了时间本身的殖民部署。
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引用次数: 1
Undoing Medieval Race Studies 放弃中世纪种族研究
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472415
M. Min
This essay argues that “medieval race”—which has been gaining a recent foothold in medieval studies—is counterproductive as a concept because it occludes the mobility of race. Mobility here refers to the way that race takes on multiple forms within the same historical moment, including skin color, language, religion, ethnicity, and systemic power. “Medieval race” erroneously presumes that there is only one form of race in the Middle Ages, which can be compared to a similarly fictitious singular “modern race.” This inattention to mobility creates misapprehensions about how race functions across time; therefore, race scholars must reach beyond their siloed disciplines to work collaboratively, so that they can articulate and disseminate theorizations of race that are grounded in transhistorical study.
这篇文章认为,“中世纪种族”——最近在中世纪研究中站稳了脚跟——作为一个概念是适得其反的,因为它阻碍了种族的流动性。这里的流动性是指种族在同一历史时刻呈现多种形式的方式,包括肤色、语言、宗教、种族和系统性权力。“中世纪种族”错误地认为中世纪只有一种形式的种族,可以与类似的虚构的单一“现代种族”相比较。这种对流动性的忽视导致了对种族如何随时间变化的误解;因此,种族学者必须超越他们各自为政的学科进行合作,这样他们才能阐明和传播基于跨历史研究的种族理论。
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引用次数: 1
Belle da Costa Greene and the Undoing of “Medieval” Studies 贝尔·达·科斯塔·格林与“中世纪”研究的瓦解
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/01903659-10472317
Sierra Lomuto
This essay outlines the current challenges facing medieval studies by focusing on the deployment of “medieval” as a category for knowledge production. It argues that as the field confronts white supremacist medievalism and pushes for a global turn, it exposes the unsustainability of the epistemologies, methodologies, and discourses that have buttressed the formation of the “medieval.” Through an analysis of the “global medieval” archive that Belle da Costa Greene curated at the Morgan Library, this essay also demonstrates how Orientalism still lurks within the global Middle Ages. The essay concludes with an introduction of the ten essays included in this special journal issue, all of which show the ways our push for epistemological progress ultimately undoes medieval studies and other disciplinary formations that have held—or been held by—it.
本文通过将“中世纪”作为一个知识生产类别的部署,概述了中世纪研究当前面临的挑战。它认为,当该领域面对白人至上主义中世纪主义并推动全球转向时,它暴露了支持“中世纪”形成的认识论、方法论和话语的不可持续性。通过对Belle da Costa Greene在摩根图书馆策划的“全球中世纪”档案的分析,这篇文章还展示了东方主义是如何潜伏在全球中世纪的。这篇文章最后介绍了本期特刊中的十篇文章,所有这些文章都表明了我们对认识论进步的推动最终推翻了中世纪研究和其他已经或曾经持有的学科结构。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Boundary 2-An International Journal of Literature and Culture
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