Pub Date : 2022-02-02DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2032291
F. Fekih-Romdhane, Fayhaa Hamdi, H. Jahrami, M. Cheour
ABSTRACT Background Although primary care physicians are highly involved in the detection and management of schizophrenia since the early stages, prior research has shown that they hold negative attitudes toward patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. We aimed to compare attitudes towards schizophrenia between family medicine residents and non-medical students. Method This was a cross-sectional study. A 18-item questionnaire concerning attitudes toward schizophrenia was used. Results The two participant groups held similar attitudes in terms of “social distance”, “belief of dangerousness” and “skepticism regarding treatment”. After controlling for confounders, help-seeking intentions contributed negatively to the prediction of attitudes toward schizophrenia in the non-medical students, and accounted for 5.3% of their variance. Conclusions Implementing anti-stigma programs in medical schools, reviewing the current medical curriculum and the family medicine residency programme to help improve future physicians’ attitudes and prepare them to provide primary mental health care to young help-seekers who experience psychosis should be given priority attention.
{"title":"Attitudes toward schizophrenia among Tunisian family medicine residents and non-medical students","authors":"F. Fekih-Romdhane, Fayhaa Hamdi, H. Jahrami, M. Cheour","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2022.2032291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2022.2032291","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Although primary care physicians are highly involved in the detection and management of schizophrenia since the early stages, prior research has shown that they hold negative attitudes toward patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. We aimed to compare attitudes towards schizophrenia between family medicine residents and non-medical students. Method This was a cross-sectional study. A 18-item questionnaire concerning attitudes toward schizophrenia was used. Results The two participant groups held similar attitudes in terms of “social distance”, “belief of dangerousness” and “skepticism regarding treatment”. After controlling for confounders, help-seeking intentions contributed negatively to the prediction of attitudes toward schizophrenia in the non-medical students, and accounted for 5.3% of their variance. Conclusions Implementing anti-stigma programs in medical schools, reviewing the current medical curriculum and the family medicine residency programme to help improve future physicians’ attitudes and prepare them to provide primary mental health care to young help-seekers who experience psychosis should be given priority attention.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45957213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1971744
S. Kopelovich, E. Nutting, Jennifer Blank, H. Buckland, C. Spigner
ABSTRACT Background Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is recommended by psychosis treatment guidelines in the U.S. and Canada, however accessibilty has not been systematically established and little is known about trainer or training characteristics in these countries. This paper represents the first effort to estimate the population of CBTp practitioners, characterize trainer qualifications and training practices, and calculate a CBTp accessibility estimate. Methods We oversampled from a known cluster of the target population and supplemented with chain-referral sampling. Respondents completed an online survey pertaining to workforce training conducted since 2005. An accessibility estimate was calculated using published disease prevalence data and national workforce census data. Results Twenty-five CBTp trainers completed the questionnaire. Respondents were predominantly white female psychologists in hospital or academic settings. Their estimates of practitioners trained in the past 15 years yielded a point prevalence of 0.57% of the combined mental health workforce, corresponding to 11.5–22.8 CBTp-trained providers for every 10,000 people diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. Survey results showed several differences in training approaches, settings, and funders. Discussion This preliminary study suggests that CBTp remains inaccessible across these two countries. Future studies should refine the sampling methods to provide a more robust prevalence estimate within each country.
{"title":"Preliminary point prevalence of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) training in the U.S. and Canada","authors":"S. Kopelovich, E. Nutting, Jennifer Blank, H. Buckland, C. Spigner","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.1971744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.1971744","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is recommended by psychosis treatment guidelines in the U.S. and Canada, however accessibilty has not been systematically established and little is known about trainer or training characteristics in these countries. This paper represents the first effort to estimate the population of CBTp practitioners, characterize trainer qualifications and training practices, and calculate a CBTp accessibility estimate. Methods We oversampled from a known cluster of the target population and supplemented with chain-referral sampling. Respondents completed an online survey pertaining to workforce training conducted since 2005. An accessibility estimate was calculated using published disease prevalence data and national workforce census data. Results Twenty-five CBTp trainers completed the questionnaire. Respondents were predominantly white female psychologists in hospital or academic settings. Their estimates of practitioners trained in the past 15 years yielded a point prevalence of 0.57% of the combined mental health workforce, corresponding to 11.5–22.8 CBTp-trained providers for every 10,000 people diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. Survey results showed several differences in training approaches, settings, and funders. Discussion This preliminary study suggests that CBTp remains inaccessible across these two countries. Future studies should refine the sampling methods to provide a more robust prevalence estimate within each country.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42736932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1971743
E. Thornhill, C. Sanderson, Anjula Gupta
ABSTRACT Background Growth associated with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) is taken from post-traumatic growth literature, where positive changes are perceived following adverse circumstances. FEP is a critical period in which care-coordinators play a key role in working with families. Care-coordinators’ perceptions influence the way in which they work with families. Methods Eleven care-coordinators described their perceptions of growth within families with FEP through semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using social constructivist grounded theory. Results Care-coordinators perceived the existence of family growth in the form of enhanced communication, as well as less explicit forms of growth including distancing from unhelpful relationships and a re-establishment of norms and boundaries. Growth was inhibited by the construct of the “perfect family” model, a mis-trust in services due to suspiciousness or prior negative experiences of services. Discussion These inhibitors limit engagement with interventions and prevent open exploration of difficulties. Future work may consider how these findings align with the views of families.
{"title":"A grounded theory analysis of care-coordinators’ perceptions of family growth associated with an experience of first episode psychosis","authors":"E. Thornhill, C. Sanderson, Anjula Gupta","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.1971743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.1971743","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Growth associated with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) is taken from post-traumatic growth literature, where positive changes are perceived following adverse circumstances. FEP is a critical period in which care-coordinators play a key role in working with families. Care-coordinators’ perceptions influence the way in which they work with families. Methods Eleven care-coordinators described their perceptions of growth within families with FEP through semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using social constructivist grounded theory. Results Care-coordinators perceived the existence of family growth in the form of enhanced communication, as well as less explicit forms of growth including distancing from unhelpful relationships and a re-establishment of norms and boundaries. Growth was inhibited by the construct of the “perfect family” model, a mis-trust in services due to suspiciousness or prior negative experiences of services. Discussion These inhibitors limit engagement with interventions and prevent open exploration of difficulties. Future work may consider how these findings align with the views of families.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44325831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-06DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2009548
J. Lebovitz, C. AhnAllen, T. Luhrmann
ABSTRACT Background The content of auditory hallucinations (AHs) and delusions is malleable and reflects the social environment and the local culture. COVID-19 is a significant new feature of the social environment, yet research has not yet determined how the phenomenology of psychosis has changed since the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods Adult patients (N = 17) receiving care within an acute inpatient psychiatric care setting in Boston were recruited to participate in an hour-long Zoom interview about their psychosis phenomenology and the potential impact of COVID-19. Results Thematic analysis of interview data found that for many, ideas about COVID-19 were present in the content of their AHs and shaped their paranoid ideation. Some felt that the frequency and loudness of the AHs had increased. However, not all participants spoke in ways that suggested the virus had affected their experience. Discussion Results demonstrate that COVID-19 influenced the content of psychosis for many, but the effect of COVID-19 on psychosis was not uniform. The increased social isolation, financial insecurity, and socio-political climate of the period also seemed to negatively impact individuals with psychosis. Understanding how COVID-19 specifically has influenced psychosis helps to illustrate how societal and external factors may shape this experience.
{"title":"Experience of psychosis during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalized patients","authors":"J. Lebovitz, C. AhnAllen, T. Luhrmann","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.2009548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.2009548","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background The content of auditory hallucinations (AHs) and delusions is malleable and reflects the social environment and the local culture. COVID-19 is a significant new feature of the social environment, yet research has not yet determined how the phenomenology of psychosis has changed since the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods Adult patients (N = 17) receiving care within an acute inpatient psychiatric care setting in Boston were recruited to participate in an hour-long Zoom interview about their psychosis phenomenology and the potential impact of COVID-19. Results Thematic analysis of interview data found that for many, ideas about COVID-19 were present in the content of their AHs and shaped their paranoid ideation. Some felt that the frequency and loudness of the AHs had increased. However, not all participants spoke in ways that suggested the virus had affected their experience. Discussion Results demonstrate that COVID-19 influenced the content of psychosis for many, but the effect of COVID-19 on psychosis was not uniform. The increased social isolation, financial insecurity, and socio-political climate of the period also seemed to negatively impact individuals with psychosis. Understanding how COVID-19 specifically has influenced psychosis helps to illustrate how societal and external factors may shape this experience.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41526311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-04DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1983011
Daniel Fernandez Martinez, I. Liu, A. Preti, J. M. Haro, S. Siddi
ABSTRACT Background The Launay–Slade Hallucination Scale – Extended (LSHS-E) is one of the most used self-reported questionnaires to explore the multidimensionality of hallucinatory-like experiences (HLEs). This scale is defined as a 5-level Likert scale, which goes from 0-“certainly does not apply to me” to 4-“certainly applies to me.” Like any Likert scale, the LSHS-E scale assumes that the ordinal categories are equally spaced among them, which might not be true, giving rise to possible issues in offering a valid interpretation of the responses. Method This study introduces a parametric model: the ordered stereotype model. This model determines the uneven spacing among ordinal responses, dictated by the studied data. Results This work shows that the ordinal categories of the LSHS-E scale are determined both by unequal spacing and by the spacing among the last three adjacent categories, which makes them indistinguishable. Subsequent analysis showed good internal reliability, and also a four-factor structure was maintained. Discussion The current study’s findings suggest that people who suffer from HLEs might not easily disclose their experiences and so give neutral responses for fear of being stigmatized. Further, neutral responses might identify people at risk of psychosis, and individuals during the prodromal stage may not be aware of their transient or fleeting HLEs. Future research should determine the distance among the categories on a Likert scale as a first step before analyzing and understanding the data.
{"title":"Launay–Slade Hallucination Scale-Extended: simplifying its interpretation","authors":"Daniel Fernandez Martinez, I. Liu, A. Preti, J. M. Haro, S. Siddi","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.1983011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.1983011","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background The Launay–Slade Hallucination Scale – Extended (LSHS-E) is one of the most used self-reported questionnaires to explore the multidimensionality of hallucinatory-like experiences (HLEs). This scale is defined as a 5-level Likert scale, which goes from 0-“certainly does not apply to me” to 4-“certainly applies to me.” Like any Likert scale, the LSHS-E scale assumes that the ordinal categories are equally spaced among them, which might not be true, giving rise to possible issues in offering a valid interpretation of the responses. Method This study introduces a parametric model: the ordered stereotype model. This model determines the uneven spacing among ordinal responses, dictated by the studied data. Results This work shows that the ordinal categories of the LSHS-E scale are determined both by unequal spacing and by the spacing among the last three adjacent categories, which makes them indistinguishable. Subsequent analysis showed good internal reliability, and also a four-factor structure was maintained. Discussion The current study’s findings suggest that people who suffer from HLEs might not easily disclose their experiences and so give neutral responses for fear of being stigmatized. Further, neutral responses might identify people at risk of psychosis, and individuals during the prodromal stage may not be aware of their transient or fleeting HLEs. Future research should determine the distance among the categories on a Likert scale as a first step before analyzing and understanding the data.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47088622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01Epub Date: 2021-06-30DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.1915369
Shaynna N Herrera, Cansu Sarac, Zarina R Bilgrami, Matthew F Dobbs, Rachel Jespersen, Shalaila S Haas, Sahil Garg, Riaz B Shaik, Yulia Landa, Cheryl M Corcoran
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to increase stress and mental health symptoms. We present the case of a young man at risk for psychosis who has paradoxically shown symptomatic and functional improvement as a result of circumstances produced by COVID-19. These changes were unexpected given the client's persistent mental health struggles in the year leading up to the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States and the expectation of an exacerbation of psychotic-like symptoms.
Methods: This report is based on clinical assessments and the client's first-person account during the height of the pandemic when stay at home orders were in place.
Results: During the pandemic, the client demonstrated increased agency by taking on more responsibility at home and obtaining part-time employment. He showed improvement in his mood and relationships with others, had less symptom-related distress, and significantly reduced his cannabis use. The client interpreted these improvements in terms of changing his mindset toward more adaptive thoughts and engaging in healthy coping skills such as praying, reading, and healthy eating.
Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of fostering agency in clients during a time of crisis and ensuring that clinicians be aware of potential biases about mental health symptom exacerbation.
{"title":"A case report and first-person account of an individual at risk for psychosis who improved during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Shaynna N Herrera, Cansu Sarac, Zarina R Bilgrami, Matthew F Dobbs, Rachel Jespersen, Shalaila S Haas, Sahil Garg, Riaz B Shaik, Yulia Landa, Cheryl M Corcoran","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.1915369","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17522439.2021.1915369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to increase stress and mental health symptoms. We present the case of a young man at risk for psychosis who has paradoxically shown symptomatic and functional improvement as a result of circumstances produced by COVID-19. These changes were unexpected given the client's persistent mental health struggles in the year leading up to the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States and the expectation of an exacerbation of psychotic-like symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This report is based on clinical assessments and the client's first-person account during the height of the pandemic when stay at home orders were in place.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the pandemic, the client demonstrated increased agency by taking on more responsibility at home and obtaining part-time employment. He showed improvement in his mood and relationships with others, had less symptom-related distress, and significantly reduced his cannabis use. The client interpreted these improvements in terms of changing his mindset toward more adaptive thoughts and engaging in healthy coping skills such as praying, reading, and healthy eating.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the importance of fostering agency in clients during a time of crisis and ensuring that clinicians be aware of potential biases about mental health symptom exacerbation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9398192/pdf/nihms-1722312.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10451021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2014943
Rory P. Sorenson, S. Rossell, P. Sumner
ABSTRACT Background This study investigated relationships between self-reported experiences of social defeat and individual dimensions of self-reported schizotypy. Methods 1632 adults aged between 18 and 79 participated across two non-clinical samples (n = 920, n = 712). Multiple regression analyses tested the relationships between dimensions of schizotypy and social defeat. Results The analyses demonstrated evidence of relationships between increased overall schizotypy and increased social defeat, with schizotypal suspiciousness and disorganised or constrained thought and speech consistently emerging as the two most important individual predictors. Conclusion These results suggest that increased schizotypy is associated with increased social defeat, although the specific relationships may depend on the specific aspects of social defeat and schizotypy being measured. Future research should investigate whether social defeat plays a role in the manifestation of specific schizotypy traits.
{"title":"Exploring the associations between dimensions of schizotypy and social defeat","authors":"Rory P. Sorenson, S. Rossell, P. Sumner","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.2014943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.2014943","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background This study investigated relationships between self-reported experiences of social defeat and individual dimensions of self-reported schizotypy. Methods 1632 adults aged between 18 and 79 participated across two non-clinical samples (n = 920, n = 712). Multiple regression analyses tested the relationships between dimensions of schizotypy and social defeat. Results The analyses demonstrated evidence of relationships between increased overall schizotypy and increased social defeat, with schizotypal suspiciousness and disorganised or constrained thought and speech consistently emerging as the two most important individual predictors. Conclusion These results suggest that increased schizotypy is associated with increased social defeat, although the specific relationships may depend on the specific aspects of social defeat and schizotypy being measured. Future research should investigate whether social defeat plays a role in the manifestation of specific schizotypy traits.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43398283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2019819
J. Devylder
ABSTRACT The DSM-5 and other psychiatric texts define delusions as fixed beliefs that are unamenable to change. However, many fixed beliefs are considered culturally or socially normative, and may even serve an important function in unifying groups and communities. The clinical definition of delusions does not take into account the potential social function of fixed beliefs, which may be a key factor in distinguishing fixed beliefs that are beneficial from those that are pathological. This article proposes that including a social dimension in our definition and understanding of delusions may facilitate clinical distinctions between normative fixed beliefs and clinically relevant delusions.
{"title":"The accepted definition of delusions does not effectively separate clinical from non-clinical phenomena","authors":"J. Devylder","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.2019819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.2019819","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The DSM-5 and other psychiatric texts define delusions as fixed beliefs that are unamenable to change. However, many fixed beliefs are considered culturally or socially normative, and may even serve an important function in unifying groups and communities. The clinical definition of delusions does not take into account the potential social function of fixed beliefs, which may be a key factor in distinguishing fixed beliefs that are beneficial from those that are pathological. This article proposes that including a social dimension in our definition and understanding of delusions may facilitate clinical distinctions between normative fixed beliefs and clinically relevant delusions.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48352928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2019298
Alexander H. Jack
Dissenting and contrary perspectives are part of the rich tapestry of life within a free society, though certain beliefs hold greater verisimilitude than others. Differentiation between normative and delusional beliefs is a core requirement of psychiatric assessment. Whilst always a complex and nuanced task, I submit that misinformation and conspiracy theories pose a novel threat to basic psychiatric assumptions.
{"title":"Is psychiatry equipped for a post-truth world?","authors":"Alexander H. Jack","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.2019298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.2019298","url":null,"abstract":"Dissenting and contrary perspectives are part of the rich tapestry of life within a free society, though certain beliefs hold greater verisimilitude than others. Differentiation between normative and delusional beliefs is a core requirement of psychiatric assessment. Whilst always a complex and nuanced task, I submit that misinformation and conspiracy theories pose a novel threat to basic psychiatric assumptions.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45724027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2021.2011387
S. Cheli, N. Petrocchi, Veronica Cavalletti
ABSTRACT Background We explored the role of criticism of self and of others, and metacognitive abilities in hearing voices that may refer to god or a divine presence, and qualitatively compared differences and similarities between persons who were diagnosed with psychosis and those who were not. Methods We recruited two samples of persons who heard divine voices: six were diagnosed with brief psychotic disorder (sub-sample A) and six were not (sub-sample B). All participants were interviewed according to a mixed-method design that integrated content analysis and phenomenological procedures. Results The narratives of sub-sample A showed higher levels of self-criticism and other-criticism and lower levels of narrative coherence than those of sub-sample B. The latter showed an intention of the voices characterized by compassion and connectedness. Discussion This qualitative study highlighted the importance of considering criticism and metacognition as central mechanisms in understanding the distress of persons hearing divine voices.
{"title":"Hearing divine voices: a qualitative enquiry about criticism, connectedness, and compassion","authors":"S. Cheli, N. Petrocchi, Veronica Cavalletti","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2021.2011387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.2011387","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background We explored the role of criticism of self and of others, and metacognitive abilities in hearing voices that may refer to god or a divine presence, and qualitatively compared differences and similarities between persons who were diagnosed with psychosis and those who were not. Methods We recruited two samples of persons who heard divine voices: six were diagnosed with brief psychotic disorder (sub-sample A) and six were not (sub-sample B). All participants were interviewed according to a mixed-method design that integrated content analysis and phenomenological procedures. Results The narratives of sub-sample A showed higher levels of self-criticism and other-criticism and lower levels of narrative coherence than those of sub-sample B. The latter showed an intention of the voices characterized by compassion and connectedness. Discussion This qualitative study highlighted the importance of considering criticism and metacognition as central mechanisms in understanding the distress of persons hearing divine voices.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44696049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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